CN104521664B - The ecological control method of south China forest noxious plant - Google Patents
The ecological control method of south China forest noxious plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN104521664B CN104521664B CN201410739046.5A CN201410739046A CN104521664B CN 104521664 B CN104521664 B CN 104521664B CN 201410739046 A CN201410739046 A CN 201410739046A CN 104521664 B CN104521664 B CN 104521664B
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- revegetation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ecological control method of forest noxious plant, withered shrub and instruction plant is removed first；Then in the region for removing instruction plant, plantation heavy curtain umbrella maple, olive, Piao Shu, radix fici simplicissimae, Ivy Tree Bark, exhibition hair are had a smile on one's face, chinquapin, burmannii or it is purling it is withered in several autochthonous floras, carry out revegetation；After revegetation, the revegetation sapling that does not survive is removed in time and is reseeded.Methods described especially has significant effect to the recovery and revegetation of one or more noxious plants infringement forest in trilobated leaf elegant jessamine, mountain pig dish, amplexicaul jasmine leaf, Jia Betel or roughleaf raspberry root or leaf, and it is capable of the outburst again of once and for all suppression noxious plant, the harm of instruction plant can not only be eliminated, the economic benefit of revegetation seeds can also be realized, the raising of sustainable development and economic benefit to South China forest, with important and far-reaching meaning.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to instruction plant ecological control field.More particularly, to the life of south China forest noxious plant
State control method.
Background technology
Instruction plant refer to certain plants accidentally or consciously, be introduced in outside normal distribution region, settle down and endanger into
Invade bio-diversity, ecological environment, habitat and human health or the living environment on ground.Instruction plant has become the whole world most
One of serious environmental problem.China is endangered extremely serious by instruction plant, and the loss for being caused by instruction plant every year is up to 200
Hundred million.Instruction plant is especially that Guangdong, Fujian are spread rapidly in southeast each province, the Tropical and subtropical forest life of serious harm China
State system.They influence the photosynthesis of trees simultaneously to ultimately result in tree by winding, strangling or be covered in local vegetation tree crown
It is wooden dead；Instruction plant is competed in earth's surface and trees seedling simultaneously, is ultimately resulted in trees seedling and is wholly absent, if do not take arranged
Apply and develop as one pleases, Forest Evolution System can degenerate rapidly, eventually become a piece of wasteland.
At present to using artificial, mechanical removal and applying herbicide more than forest instruction plant, but only remove harmful plant
Often there is the situation of instruction plant recurrence or new instruction plant outburst in thing.And answering due to instruction plant Ecological Control
Polygamy, with extremely complex delicate correlation between different plants, the forest of different regions, different instruction plants,
Control and the method recovered do not have repeatability, and the property used for reference is very low.Therefore, with instruction plant endanger seriousness increase and
The defect of instruction plant control technology, effectively controls and contains instruction plant in the urgent need to developing a kind of new practical technique.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the defect and deficiency for overcoming existing forest instruction plant ecological control,
A kind of ecological control method of south China forest noxious plant is provided, various instruction plants can be efficiently controlled simultaneously, rebuild and extensive
Multiple lower subtropical evergreen broad-leaved, control once and for all simultaneously finally eliminates instruction plant.Can be used in instruction plant harm
The control of instruction plant and the recovery of forest community in forest community.
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of ecological control method of forest noxious plant.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the ecological control method in the noxious plant control of forest and revegetation side
The application in face.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of ecological control method of forest noxious plant, step is as follows：
S1. withered shrub and instruction plant is removed；
S2. revegetation：On ground after instruction plant is removed, plantation has the local tree of the plant ability that resists an invasion
Kind of heavy curtain umbrella maple, olive, Piao Shu, radix fici simplicissimae, Ivy Tree Bark, exhibition hair are had a smile on one's face, chinquapin, burmannii or it is purling it is withered in it is several；
S3. final-period management：After revegetation, the revegetation sapling that does not survive is removed in time and is reseeded.（In order to more preferable
Revegetation effect, can also periodically or non-periodically remove noxious plant early stage after revegetation, spray low-toxin farm chemicals
Suppress undesired plant growth.）
Above-mentioned noxious plant refers to the instruction plant of positive natural disposition or local original inhabitants disaster plant.
The instruction plant of the positive natural disposition refers to draft, liana or the shrub instruction plant of positive natural disposition.
Preferably, the noxious plant refers to lantana（Lantana camaraLinn.）, spend beggar-ticks in vain（Herba BidentisPilosa）, Ipomoea cairica（Ipomoea cairica(L.) Sweet）, trilobated leaf elegant jessamine（Pueraria lobata(Willd.) Ohwi）, mountain pig dish（Merremia umbellate (Linn.) Hall）, amplexicaul jasmine leaf（Jasminum elongatum(Bergius) Willd）, Jia Betel（Piper samentosumRoxb）Or roughleaf raspberry root or leaf（Rubus alceaefolius Poir）In one or more.
It is highly preferred that the noxious plant refers in particular to trilobated leaf elegant jessamine, mountain pig dish, amplexicaul jasmine leaf, Jia Betel or thick leaf stirrups
One or more in son.
The present invention constructs above-mentioned forest noxious plant by substantial amounts of research, exploration and long-term experimental verification
Ecological control method, in particular for South China by trilobated leaf elegant jessamine, mountain pig dish, amplexicaul jasmine leaf, Jia Betel or roughleaf raspberry root or leaf etc.
In one or more invasions forests, with very efficient control and suppress the effect of instruction plant, plant various specific
Indigenous tree builds and finally recovers vegetational type, and is capable of the outburst again of once and for all suppression instruction plant, vegetation
Rebuild efficiency high.
For mechanism aspect, inventor is initially considered that to be probably that the branches and leaves in great numbers of revegetation have covered sunlight so that this
The draft of sun natural disposition, liana or shrub instruction plant cannot carry out normal photosynthesis and vital movement a bit.But, through excessive
Quantifier elimination and exploration, inventor find, the mechanism of action not only that, because only that planting local tree species of the present invention
Heavy curtain umbrella maple, olive, Piao Shu, radix fici simplicissimae, Ivy Tree Bark, exhibition hair have a smile on one's face, chinquapin, burmannii or it is purling it is withered in it is several can be only achieved it is described
Control noxious plant and revegetation effect, more complicated ecological factor and composite factor is there may be in the middle of this because
Different floristics, different miscegenation modes, even different plantation spacing, the niche that it is formed all has this
The difference of matter.Concrete reason and influence factor inventor are also in the middle of further research and exploring.
Furthermore it is preferred that withered shrub and instruction plant are removed described in step S1 can be using mechanical removal, artificial clear
Except or spray low-toxin farm chemicals remove.
Preferably, the mode planted described in step S2 is equably miscegenation.
Preferably, the equably miscegenation is to have a smile on one's face heavy curtain umbrella maple, olive, Piao Shu, radix fici simplicissimae, Ivy Tree Bark, exhibition hair, bore
Chestnut, burmannii or it is purling it is withered in several enter in the ranks to make.
Preferably, the line-spacing made between described is 2~3m, and spacing in the rows is 2~3m.
It is highly preferred that often row 3~10 saplings of plantation made between described.
That is, in a panel region, according to 2~3m of line-spacing, 2~3m of spacing in the rows, 3~10 sides of sapling of often row plantation
Formula is planted；After the completion of plantation, another panel region is planted according still further to same method, until recovery district revegetation to be controlled
Complete.
The present invention can also carry out revegetation using another preferred mode, in recovery district to be controlled by heavy curtain umbrella maple, olive
Olive, Piao Shu, radix fici simplicissimae, Ivy Tree Bark, exhibition hair have a smile on one's face, chinquapin, burmannii or it is purling it is withered in it is several upset at random, according to line-spacing 2~
3m, the mode of 2~3m of spacing in the rows are planted.
Present invention also offers above-mentioned ecological control method answering in terms of the noxious plant control and revegetation of forest
With.The forest refers to by one or more invasions in trilobated leaf elegant jessamine, mountain pig dish, amplexicaul jasmine leaf, Jia Betel or roughleaf raspberry root or leaf
Forest.
The invention has the advantages that：
The present invention constructs a kind of ecological control method of forest noxious plant, first by substantial amounts of research and exploration
After removing instruction plant, plantation local tree species heavy curtain umbrella maple, olive, Piao Shu, radix fici simplicissimae, Ivy Tree Bark, exhibition hair are had a smile on one's face, chinquapin, the moon
It is fragrant or it is purling it is withered in it is several, being capable of effectively one or more draft of positive natural disposition of mixing, liana or filling of control simultaneously
Wooden instruction plant, and prevent the recurrence of instruction plant and the intrusion of new instruction plant.
The method of the present invention in particular for South China by lantana, to spend beggar-ticks, Ipomoea cairica, trilobated leaf in vain wild
Forests of one or more invasions in Pueraria lobota, mountain pig dish, amplexicaul jasmine leaf, Jia Betel or roughleaf raspberry root or leaf, can disposably simultaneously, efficiently
And all of instruction plant of control put things right once and for all.
The method can not only once and for all suppress to eliminate the harm of instruction plant and break out again, and vegetation efficiency
Height, has recovered the composition of forest community, and forest diversity is high, can realize the economic benefit of revegetation seeds, to south China ground
The sustainable development of area forest and the raising of economic benefit, have important and far-reaching for reconstruction and Developing Ecological Forest system
Meaning.
In addition, the technology of the present invention operation and management are simple, can large scale application.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the hazard conditions of harmful instruction plant before and after implementation ecological control method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is forest community situation after implementation ecological control method of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the forest community situation that ecological control method place of the present invention is not carried out the same time.
Specific embodiment
The present invention, but embodiment are further illustrated below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment not to the present invention
Limit in any form.Unless stated otherwise, reagent, the method and apparatus that the present invention is used are for the art is routinely tried
Agent, method and apparatus.
Unless stated otherwise, agents useful for same of the present invention and material are purchased in market.
Embodiment 1
The instruction plant Ecological Control that the present embodiment combination Cimetidine tablets are carried out, the present invention is described in detail.
1st, sample plot background
Cimetidine tablets National forest park is located at Fushan City, Guangdong Province, serious by instruction plant and the harm of local noxious plant,
The present inventor carried out instruction plant Ecological Investigation in Zhu hole near Cimetidine tablets White_cloud Cave scenic spot in 2008.Forest before control
The ecosystem receives trilobated leaf elegant jessamine（Pueraria lobata(Willd.) Ohwi）, mountain pig dish（Merremia umbellate
(Linn.) Hall）, amplexicaul jasmine leaf（Jasminum elongatum(Bergius) Willd）, Jia Betel（Piper samentosumRoxb）And roughleaf raspberry root or leaf（Rubus alceaefolius Poir）Serious harm.
2nd, Ecological Control is implemented
2008, on investigation ground, choose one piece of region and implement Ecological Control, step is as follows：
S1. withered shrub and instruction plant is manually removed；
S2. revegetation：On ground after instruction plant is removed, by heavy curtain umbrella maple, olive, Piao Shu, radix fici simplicissimae, duck pin
Wood, exhibition hair are had a smile on one's face, chinquapin, burmannii and purling withered enter in the ranks to make.In a panel region, according to 2~3m of line-spacing, 2~3m of spacing in the rows, often go
The mode for planting 3~10 saplings is planted；After the completion of plantation, another panel region is planted according still further to same method, until
Recovery district revegetation to be controlled is completed；
S3. final-period management：After revegetation, the revegetation sapling not survived is removed in time, and reseed revegetation
Sapling.
3rd, control effect
In March, 2013, the forest that Cimetidine tablets are carried out after Ecological Control is investigated.Investigation and statistics such as accompanying drawing 1
Shown in~3.Fig. 1 is the hazard conditions of harmful instruction plant before and after implementation ecological control method of the present invention, is harmful to after showing control
Floristics and the rapid reduction of harm.Fig. 2 is that forest community in order, is not invaded after implementing ecological control method of the present invention
Plant threatens.Fig. 3 is the forest community situation that ecological control method place of the present invention is not carried out the same time, instruction plant Ma Ying
Pellet etc. is covered in shrub surface, seriously damages forest community.
Result is shown, the forest community that instruction plant endangers is controlled using the method for the invention, after reconstruction
Forest ecosystem arbor group Diversity is high, noxious plant roughleaf raspberry root or leaf, amplexicaul jasmine leaf, mountain pig dish, Jia Betel, Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.)
Cannot be survived in the forest ecosystem rebuild, trilobated leaf elegant jessamine only has the scattered distribution of small area, no longer to forest community
Cause harm.Ecological control recovers to control noxious plant while forest community is constituted and prevent answering for noxious plant
Hair.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment carries out instruction plant Ecological Control to another wood land of Cimetidine tablets.
1st, sample plot background
Cimetidine tablets National forest park is located at Fushan City, Guangdong Province, serious by instruction plant and the harm of local noxious plant,
The present inventor carried out instruction plant Ecological Investigation in Zhu hole near Cimetidine tablets White_cloud Cave scenic spot in 2008.Forest before control
The ecosystem receives trilobated leaf elegant jessamine（Pueraria lobata(Willd.) Ohwi）, mountain pig dish（Merremia umbellate
(Linn.) Hall）, amplexicaul jasmine leaf（Jasminum elongatum(Bergius) Willd）, Jia Betel（Piper samentosumRoxb）Or roughleaf raspberry root or leaf（Rubus alceaefolius Poir）Serious harm.
2nd, Ecological Control is implemented
2008, on investigation ground, choose one piece of region and implement Ecological Control, step is as follows：
S1. withered shrub and noxious plant is manually removed；
S2. revegetation：On ground after instruction plant is removed, equably miscegenation heavy curtain umbrella maple, olive, Piao Shu, the five fingers
Wild peach, Ivy Tree Bark, exhibition hair are had a smile on one's face, chinquapin, burmannii and purling withered；
Specifically recovery district to be controlled by heavy curtain umbrella maple, olive, Piao Shu, radix fici simplicissimae, Ivy Tree Bark, exhibition hair have a smile on one's face, chinquapin,
Burmannii and it is purling it is withered upset at random, planted according to the mode of 2~3m of line-spacing, 2~3m of spacing in the rows；
S3. final-period management：Early stage after revegetation, irregularly remove and do not remove invasion plant that is clean or growing again
Thing, sprays low-toxin farm chemicals and suppresses instruction plant growth, the revegetation sapling that does not survive is removed in time and is reseeded.
3rd, control effect
In March, 2013 is investigated.Result shows that instruction plant species and harm are reduced rapidly after control, forest community
In order, do not threatened by instruction plant.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of ecological control method of forest noxious plant, it is characterised in that step is as follows：
S1. withered shrub and noxious plant is removed；
S2. revegetation：On ground after noxious plant is removed, plantation heavy curtain umbrella maple, olive, Piao Shu, radix fici simplicissimae, duck pin
Wood, exhibition hair have a smile on one's face, chinquapin, burmannii or it is purling it is withered in it is several；
S3. final-period management：After revegetation, the revegetation sapling that does not survive is removed in time and is reseeded；
Wherein, the forest refers to by lantana, spends beggar-ticks, Ipomoea cairica, trilobated leaf elegant jessamine, mountain pig dish, amplexicaul jasmine leaf, vacation in vain
The forest of one or more invasions in Betel or roughleaf raspberry root or leaf；
Noxious plant described in step S1 refers to the instruction plant of positive natural disposition or local original inhabitants disaster plant；The invasion of the positive natural disposition
Plant refers to draft, liana or the shrub instruction plant of positive natural disposition；
The mode planted described in step S2 is equably miscegenation；
The equably miscegenation be by heavy curtain umbrella maple, olive, Piao Shu, radix fici simplicissimae, Ivy Tree Bark, exhibition hair have a smile on one's face, chinquapin, burmannii or purling
Several in withered enter in the ranks to make, and a line-spacing made is 2~3m, 3~10 saplings of often row plantation, and spacing in the rows is 2~3m；
Or the equably miscegenation be by heavy curtain umbrella maple, olive, Piao Shu, radix fici simplicissimae, Ivy Tree Bark, exhibition hair have a smile on one's face, chinquapin, burmannii or
It is purling it is withered in it is several upset at random, planted according to the mode of 2~3m of line-spacing, 2~3m of spacing in the rows.
2. the ecological control method of forest noxious plant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the noxious plant refers to
Lantana, the one kind spent in vain in beggar-ticks, Ipomoea cairica, trilobated leaf elegant jessamine, mountain pig dish, amplexicaul jasmine leaf, Jia Betel or roughleaf raspberry root or leaf
Or it is several.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105532224B (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2018-10-30 | 三亚新大兴园林生态有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods and its application using mountain beach wormwood Green space |
| CN106376427B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2020-04-28 | 佛山市林业科学研究所 | Construction method of urban environment protection forest |
| CN108934650B (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2021-01-26 | 深圳中绿环境集团有限公司 | Comprehensive control method for harmful local liana |
| CN111052964A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-04-24 | 中山大学 | Comprehensive control method for harmful vines suitable for secondary forest land |
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Inventor after: Peng Shaolin Inventor after: Chen Baoming Inventor after: Zhou Ting Inventor after: Liao Huixuan Inventor after: Gan Qian Inventor after: Liu Jingyu Inventor before: Peng Shaolin Inventor before: Chen Baoming Inventor before: Zhou Ting Inventor before: Hou Yuping Inventor before: Liu Shuchao Inventor before: Gan Qian |
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