CN104521664A - Ecological control method for south Chinese forest harmful plants - Google Patents
Ecological control method for south Chinese forest harmful plants Download PDFInfo
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- CN104521664A CN104521664A CN201410739046.5A CN201410739046A CN104521664A CN 104521664 A CN104521664 A CN 104521664A CN 201410739046 A CN201410739046 A CN 201410739046A CN 104521664 A CN104521664 A CN 104521664A
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- forest
- control method
- ecological control
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- noxious plant
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological control method for south Chinese forest harmful plants. The ecological control method includes the steps: firstly, removing withered trees and shrubs and invasive plants; secondly, planting several aboriginal plants among heteropanax fragrans, olive, hackberry, radix fici hirtae, ivy tree barks, demissa michelia figo, henryi and burmann cinnamon barks or litsea glutinosa in a region without the invasive plants, and reconstructing vegetation; timely removing not survived reconstructed vegetation seedlings and reseeding after vegetation reconstruction. The method particularly has remarkable effects for restoration and vegetation reconstruction of forests invaded by the harmful plants including one or a plurality of pueraria phaseoloides, merremia umbellata, jasminum elongatum, piper sarmentosum or rubus alceaefolius poir, re-growth of the harmful plants can be suppressed once for all, harm of the invasive plants can be eliminated, economic benefits of reconstructed vegetation tree species can be achieved, and the method is of great and far-reaching significance for sustainable development of the south Chinese forests and improvement of the economic benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to instruction plant ecological control field.More specifically, the ecological control method of south China forest noxious plant is related to.
Background technology
Instruction plant refer to certain plants accidentally or consciously, be introduced in outside normal distribution region, settle down and endanger the bio-diversity on invasion ground, ecotope, habitat and human health or living environment.Instruction plant has become one of the most serious environmental problem in the whole world.China is very serious by instruction plant harm, and the loss caused by instruction plant is every year up to 20,000,000,000.Instruction plant is especially Guangdong, Fujian rapid spread in southeast each province, serious harm China Tropical and subtropical forest ecosystem.They, by being wound around, strangling or cover local vegetation tree crown, affect the photosynthesis of trees and finally cause tree death; Instruction plant is competed on earth's surface and trees seedling simultaneously, finally causes trees seedling to disappear completely, if do not take measures to develop as one pleases, Forest Evolution System can be degenerated rapidly, finally becomes a slice wasteland.
At present, mechanical removal artificial to the many employings of forest instruction plant and use weed killer herbicide, but the situation only removing that instruction plant recurrence or the outburst of new instruction plant often appear in noxious plant.And due to the complexity of instruction plant Ecological Control, there is very complicated delicate correlation, the forest of different regions between different plants, different instruction plants, control and the method recovered does not have repeatability, the property used for reference is very low.Therefore, along with the seriousness increase of instruction plant harm and the defect of instruction plant control technology, effectively control in the urgent need to developing a kind of new practical technique and contain instruction plant.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the defect and the deficiency that overcome existing forest instruction plant ecological control, the ecological control method of a kind of south China forest noxious plant is provided, can efficiently control multiple instruction plant simultaneously, rebuild and recover lower subtropical evergreen broad-leaved, the control of putting things right once and for all also finally eliminates instruction plant.Be used in the control of instruction plant and the recovery of forest community in the forest community of instruction plant harm.
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of ecological control method of forest noxious plant.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the application of described ecological control method in the noxious plant control and revegetation of forest.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
An ecological control method for forest noxious plant, step is as follows:
S1. withered shrub and instruction plant is removed;
S2. revegetation: removing on the ground after instruction plant, plantation have the local tree species heavy curtain umbrella maple of the plant ability that resists an invasion, olive, Piao Shu, radix fici simplicissimae, Ivy Tree Bark, exhibition hair with a smile, chinquapin, cloudy fragrant or purling withered in several;
S3. final-period management: after revegetation, removes the revegetation sapling that do not survive in time and reseeds.(in order to better revegetation effect, can also early stage after revegetation, regularly or irregularly remove noxious plant, spray low-toxin farm chemicals and suppress undesired plant growth.）
Above-mentioned noxious plant refers to the instruction plant of positive natural disposition or local indigenous disaster plant.
The instruction plant of described positive natural disposition refers to the draft of positive natural disposition, liana or shrub instruction plant.
Preferably, described noxious plant refer to lantana (
lantana camaralinn.), spend in vain beggar-ticks (
herba Bidentispilosa), Ipomoea cairica (
ipomoea cairica(L.) Sweet), trilobated leaf elegant jessamine (
pueraria lobata(Willd.) Ohwi), mountain pig dish (
merremia umbellate(Linn.) Hall), amplexicaul jasmine leaf (
jasminum elongatum(Bergius) Willd), Jia Betel (
piper samentosumroxb) or roughleaf raspberry root or leaf (
rubus alceaefoliuspoir) one or more in.
More preferably, described noxious plant refers in particular to one or more in trilobated leaf elegant jessamine, mountain pig dish, amplexicaul jasmine leaf, Jia Betel or roughleaf raspberry root or leaf.
The present invention is by large quantifier elimination, exploration and long-term experimental verification, construct the ecological control method of above-mentioned forest noxious plant, especially for the forest that South China is invaded by one or more in trilobated leaf elegant jessamine, mountain pig dish, amplexicaul jasmine leaf, Jia Betel or roughleaf raspberry root or leaf etc., there is the effect controlling and suppress instruction plant very efficiently, plant multiple specific indigenous tree species build and finally recover vegetational type, and once and for all can suppress the outburst again of instruction plant, revegetation efficiency is high.
For machine-processed aspect, inventor thinks it may is that the branches and leaves in great numbers of revegetation have covered sunlight at first, makes the draft of these positive natural disposition, liana or shrub instruction plant to carry out normal photosynthesis and vital movement.But, through large quantifier elimination and exploration, inventor finds, the mechanism of action not only that, because only have plantation local tree species heavy curtain umbrella maple of the present invention, olive, Piao Shu, radix fici simplicissimae, Ivy Tree Bark, exhibition hair with a smile, chinquapin, cloudy fragrant or purling withered in severally just can reach described control noxious plant and the effect of revegetation, more complicated ecological factor and composite factor may be there is in the middle of this, because different floristics, different miscegenation modes or even different plantation spacing, its niche formed all has the difference of essence.Concrete reason and influence factor inventor are also in the middle of studying further and exploring.
In addition, preferably, remove withered shrub and instruction plant described in step S1 can adopt mechanical removal, manually remove or spray low-toxin farm chemicals and remove.
Preferably, the mode of planting described in step S2 is miscegenation equably.
Preferably, described miscegenation be equably by heavy curtain umbrella maple, olive, Piao Shu, radix fici simplicissimae, Ivy Tree Bark, exhibition hair with a smile, chinquapin, cloudy fragrant or purling withered in severally carry out intercropping.
Preferably, the line-spacing of described intercropping is 2 ~ 3m, and spacing in the rows is 2 ~ 3m.
More preferably, often capable plantation 3 ~ 10 saplings of described intercropping.
That is, in a panel region, according to line-spacing 2 ~ 3m, spacing in the rows 2 ~ 3m, often the mode of capable plantation 3 ~ 10 saplings is planted; After having planted, then plant another panel region after the same method, until recovery district to be controlled revegetation completes.
The present invention also can adopt another kind of preferred mode to carry out revegetation, recovery district to be controlled by heavy curtain umbrella maple, olive, Piao Shu, radix fici simplicissimae, Ivy Tree Bark, exhibition hair with a smile, chinquapin, cloudy fragrant or purling withered in severally to upset at random, plant according to the mode of line-spacing 2 ~ 3m, spacing in the rows 2 ~ 3m.
Present invention also offers the application of above-mentioned ecological control method in the noxious plant control and revegetation of forest.Described forest refers to by the forest of one or more invasions in trilobated leaf elegant jessamine, mountain pig dish, amplexicaul jasmine leaf, Jia Betel or roughleaf raspberry root or leaf.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
The present invention is by large quantifier elimination and exploration, construct a kind of ecological control method of forest noxious plant, first after removing instruction plant, plantation local tree species heavy curtain umbrella maple, olive, Piao Shu, radix fici simplicissimae, Ivy Tree Bark, exhibition hair with a smile, chinquapin, cloudy fragrant or purling withered in several, effectively can control the draft of the positive natural disposition of one or more mixing, liana or shrub instruction plant simultaneously, and prevent the intrusion of the recurrence of instruction plant and new instruction plant.
Method of the present invention especially for South China by forests of lantana, one or more invasions of spending in vain in beggar-ticks, Ipomoea cairica, trilobated leaf elegant jessamine, mountain pig dish, amplexicaul jasmine leaf, Jia Betel or roughleaf raspberry root or leaf, can disposable while, the efficient and instruction plant that the control of putting things right once and for all is all.
The method once and for all can not only suppress the harm of elimination instruction plant and again breaks out, and vegetation efficiency is high, recover the composition of forest community, forest diversity is high, the economic benefit of revegetation seeds can be realized, to the sustainable development of South China forest and the raising of economic benefit, for reconstruction and Developing Ecological Forest system, there is important and far-reaching meaning.
In addition, the technology of the present invention operation and management simply, can large scale applications.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the hazard conditions implementing harmful instruction plant before and after ecological control method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is forest community situation after enforcement ecological control method of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the forest community situation not implementing ecological control method place of the present invention the same time.
Embodiment
Further illustrate the present invention below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment, but embodiment does not limit in any form to the present invention.Unless stated otherwise, the present invention adopts reagent, method and apparatus are the art conventional reagent, method and apparatus.
Unless stated otherwise, agents useful for same of the present invention and material are commercial.
embodiment 1
The instruction plant Ecological Control that the present embodiment carries out in conjunction with Cimetidine tablets, the present invention is described in detail.
1, sample plot background
Cimetidine tablets National forest park is positioned at Fushan City, Guangdong Province, by instruction plant and the harm of local noxious plant serious, the present inventor has carried out instruction plant Ecological Investigation in Zhu hole near Cimetidine tablets White_cloud Cave scenic spot in 2008.Control before forest ecosystem by trilobated leaf elegant jessamine (
pueraria lobata(Willd.) Ohwi), mountain pig dish (
merremia umbellate(Linn.) Hall), amplexicaul jasmine leaf (
jasminum elongatum(Bergius) Willd), Jia Betel (
piper samentosumroxb) and roughleaf raspberry root or leaf (
rubus alceaefoliuspoir) serious harm.
2, Ecological Control is implemented
2008, on investigation ground, choose one piece of region and implement Ecological Control, step was as follows:
S1. the withered shrub of artificial removing and instruction plant;
S2. revegetation: removing on the ground after instruction plant, by heavy curtain umbrella maple, olive, Piao Shu, radix fici simplicissimae, Ivy Tree Bark, exhibition hair with a smile, chinquapin, cloudyly fragrantly and purling witheredly carry out intercropping.In a panel region, according to line-spacing 2 ~ 3m, spacing in the rows 2 ~ 3m, often the mode of capable plantation 3 ~ 10 saplings is planted; After having planted, then plant another panel region after the same method, until recovery district to be controlled revegetation completes;
S3. final-period management: after revegetation, removes the revegetation sapling do not survived in time, and reseeds revegetation sapling.
3, control effects
In March, 2013, the forest after Cimetidine tablets carries out Ecological Control is investigated.Investigation and statistics are as shown in accompanying drawing 1 ~ 3.Fig. 1 is the hazard conditions implementing harmful instruction plant before and after ecological control method of the present invention, shows to control rear noxious plant kind and endanger to reduce rapidly.Fig. 2 is that after implementing ecological control method of the present invention, forest community in order, does not threaten by instruction plant.Fig. 3 is the forest community situation not implementing ecological control method place of the present invention the same time, and instruction plant lantana etc. covers shrub surface, grievous injury forest community.
Result shows, the method of the invention is utilized to control the forest community that instruction plant endangers, forest ecosystem arbor group Diversity after reconstruction is high, noxious plant roughleaf raspberry root or leaf, amplexicaul jasmine leaf, mountain pig dish, Jia Betel, Buttneria aspere Colebra. (Buettneria aspere Colebra.) cannot be survived in the forest ecosystem of rebuilding, trilobated leaf elegant jessamine only has the scattered distribution of small size, no longer works the mischief to forest community.Ecological control controls noxious plant while recovering forest community composition and prevents the recurrence of noxious plant.
embodiment 2
The present embodiment carries out instruction plant Ecological Control to another sheet wood land of Cimetidine tablets.
1, sample plot background
Cimetidine tablets National forest park is positioned at Fushan City, Guangdong Province, by instruction plant and the harm of local noxious plant serious, the present inventor has carried out instruction plant Ecological Investigation in Zhu hole near Cimetidine tablets White_cloud Cave scenic spot in 2008.Control before forest ecosystem by trilobated leaf elegant jessamine (
pueraria lobata(Willd.) Ohwi), mountain pig dish (
merremia umbellate(Linn.) Hall), amplexicaul jasmine leaf (
jasminum elongatum(Bergius) Willd), Jia Betel (
piper samentosumroxb) or roughleaf raspberry root or leaf (
rubus alceaefoliuspoir) serious harm.
2, Ecological Control is implemented
2008, on investigation ground, choose one piece of region and implement Ecological Control, step was as follows:
S1. the withered shrub of artificial removing and noxious plant;
S2. revegetation: removing on the ground after instruction plant, equably miscegenation heavy curtain umbrella maple, olive, Piao Shu, radix fici simplicissimae, Ivy Tree Bark, exhibition hair with a smile, chinquapin, cloudy fragrant and purling withered;
Specifically in recovery district to be controlled by heavy curtain umbrella maple, olive, Piao Shu, radix fici simplicissimae, Ivy Tree Bark, exhibition hair with a smile, chinquapin, cloudyly fragrantly and purling witheredly to upset at random, plant according to the mode of line-spacing 2 ~ 3m, spacing in the rows 2 ~ 3m;
S3. final-period management: early stage after revegetation, the instruction plant that irregular removing is not removed totally or again grown, sprays low-toxin farm chemicals and suppresses instruction plant growth, removes the revegetation sapling that do not survive in time and reseeds.
3, control effects
In March, 2013 is investigated.Result shows, and after controlling, instruction plant kind and harm reduce rapidly, and forest community in order, does not threaten by instruction plant.
Claims (10)
1. an ecological control method for forest noxious plant, is characterized in that, step is as follows:
S1. withered shrub and noxious plant is removed;
S2. revegetation: removing on the ground after noxious plant, plantation heavy curtain umbrella maple, olive, Piao Shu, radix fici simplicissimae, Ivy Tree Bark, exhibition hair with a smile, chinquapin, cloudy fragrant or purling withered in several;
S3. final-period management: after revegetation, removes the revegetation sapling that do not survive in time and reseeds;
Described noxious plant refers to the instruction plant of positive natural disposition or local indigenous disaster plant.
2. the ecological control method of forest noxious plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the instruction plant of described positive natural disposition refers to the draft of positive natural disposition, liana or shrub instruction plant.
3. the ecological control method of forest noxious plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described noxious plant refers to lantana, spends beggar-ticks in vain, Ipomoea cairica, trilobated leaf elegant jessamine, mountain pig dish, one or more in amplexicaul jasmine leaf, Jia Betel or roughleaf raspberry root or leaf.
4. the ecological control method of forest noxious plant according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the mode of planting described in step S2 is miscegenation equably.
5. the ecological control method of forest noxious plant according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described miscegenation be equably by heavy curtain umbrella maple, olive, Piao Shu, radix fici simplicissimae, Ivy Tree Bark, exhibition hair with a smile, chinquapin, cloudy fragrant or purling withered in severally carry out intercropping.
6. the ecological control method of forest noxious plant according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the line-spacing of described intercropping is 2 ~ 3m.
7. the ecological control method of forest noxious plant according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the spacing in the rows of described intercropping is 2 ~ 3m.
8. the ecological control method of forest noxious plant according to claim 7, is characterized in that, often capable plantation 3 ~ 10 saplings of described intercropping.
9. the ecological control method of forest noxious plant according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described miscegenation be equably by heavy curtain umbrella maple, olive, Piao Shu, radix fici simplicissimae, Ivy Tree Bark, exhibition hair with a smile, chinquapin, cloudy fragrant or purling withered in severally to upset at random, plant according to the mode of line-spacing 2 ~ 3m, spacing in the rows 2 ~ 3m.
10. the application of the arbitrary described ecological control method of claim 1 ~ 9 in the noxious plant control and revegetation of forest, it is characterized in that, described forest refers to by the forest of lantana, one or more invasions of spending in vain in beggar-ticks, Ipomoea cairica, trilobated leaf elegant jessamine, mountain pig dish, amplexicaul jasmine leaf, Jia Betel or roughleaf raspberry root or leaf.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN105532224A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-05-04 | 三亚新大兴园林生态有限公司 | Planting method for greening ground with piper sarmentosum, and application thereof |
| CN106376427A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-08 | 佛山市林业科学研究所 | Construction method of urban environmental protection forest |
| CN108934650A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-12-07 | 广东中绿园林集团有限公司 | A kind of harmful liana method for integrated control in native soil |
| CN111052964A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-04-24 | 中山大学 | Comprehensive control method for harmful vines suitable for secondary forest land |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105532224A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-05-04 | 三亚新大兴园林生态有限公司 | Planting method for greening ground with piper sarmentosum, and application thereof |
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| CN111052964A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-04-24 | 中山大学 | Comprehensive control method for harmful vines suitable for secondary forest land |
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| CN104521664B (en) | 2017-06-20 |
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Inventor after: Peng Shaolin Inventor after: Chen Baoming Inventor after: Zhou Ting Inventor after: Liao Huixuan Inventor after: Gan Qian Inventor after: Liu Jingyu Inventor before: Peng Shaolin Inventor before: Chen Baoming Inventor before: Zhou Ting Inventor before: Hou Yuping Inventor before: Liu Shuchao Inventor before: Gan Qian |
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