CN108911742B - 匣钵高抗腐蚀性涂层及其使用方法 - Google Patents

匣钵高抗腐蚀性涂层及其使用方法 Download PDF

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CN108911742B
CN108911742B CN201810889066.9A CN201810889066A CN108911742B CN 108911742 B CN108911742 B CN 108911742B CN 201810889066 A CN201810889066 A CN 201810889066A CN 108911742 B CN108911742 B CN 108911742B
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魏哲韬
魏金富
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Foshan Junmei Fine Ceramic Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种匣钵高抗腐蚀性涂层及其使用方法，其中，该高抗腐蚀性涂层的配方(以质量百分比计)为：氧化锆50％‑80％、苏州土10‑20％、氧化铝粉10‑20％、辊棒粉0‑20％。本发明的有益之处在于：(1)利用液体流平表面缝隙的原理，涂层在匣钵表面形成了致密的保护层，钴酸锂等高腐蚀性材料只能与匣钵的外表层接触，大大减少了这些高腐蚀性材料对匣钵钵体的渗透，从而减轻了这些高腐蚀性材料对钵体的腐蚀；(2)涂有本发明的涂层的匣钵通体雪白、光滑明亮，一致性很好，没有瑕疵，更加美观。

Description

匣钵高抗腐蚀性涂层及其使用方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种涂层及其使用方法，具体涉及一种涂在锂电池正极材料烧制用匣钵的表面、具有高抗腐蚀性的涂层以及该涂层的使用方法，属于化学技术领域。
背景技术
Li2CoO2是用的比较普遍的锂电池正极材料，其主要是由Li2CO3和CoCO3合成的。在合成Li2CoO2的过程中，在烧制阶段需要用到匣钵。
目前，锂电池正极材料烧制用匣钵的制作方法是：先用液压机或摩擦压力机压制成型，然后再风干、烧制得到产品。
采用这种方法制作得到的匣钵，普遍存在外观颗粒感强、孔隙细裂纹多、杂质黑点密等问题。
所以，在处理三元高腐蚀材料时，这种匣钵使用次数总体偏少，与国外同类产品差距较大。
因此，增加匣钵内表面的抗腐蚀性和提高匣钵外表面的美观度是急需解决的行业问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种既可以增加匣钵表面的抗腐蚀性、又可以提高匣钵表面的美观度的涂层以及该涂层的使用方法。
为了实现上述目标，本发明采用如下的技术方案：
匣钵高抗腐蚀性涂层，其特征在于，以质量百分比计，该涂层的配方为：氧化锆50％-80％、苏州土10-20％、氧化铝粉10-20％、辊棒粉0-20％。
前述的匣钵高抗腐蚀性涂层，其特征在于，该涂层的使用方法为：
Step1：按配方称取制备涂层所需的原料，然后将称好的原料混合到一起，按总重40％加水球磨40min，取出后再配比至50％水，制成料液；
Step2：将半成型钵体整体浸入料液中，静置数秒钟后取出；或者，将料液均匀的喷涂在半成型钵体的表面，半成型钵体表面的料液的厚度为0.1mm-0.2mm，优选0.2mm；
Step3：将带有料液的半成型钵体风干；
Step4：将风干后的半成型钵体送入烧成窑，以1400℃的温度进行烧制，烧成时间6h，保温时间2h。
本发明的有益之处在于：
(1)将本发明的涂层涂在匣钵的表面，利用液体流平表面缝隙的原理，在匣钵表面形成了致密的保护层，钴酸锂等高腐蚀性材料只能与匣钵的外表层接触，大大减少了这些高腐蚀性材料对匣钵钵体的渗透，从而减轻了这些高腐蚀性材料对钵体的腐蚀，也就是说，本发明的涂层可以增强匣钵的抗腐蚀性，进而可以提高匣钵的使用次数；
(2)涂有本发明的涂层的匣钵，通体雪白、光滑明亮，一致性很好，没有瑕疵，更加美观。
附图说明
图1(a)和图1(b)是普通匣钵(即钵体)被三元高腐蚀材料腐蚀的情况；
图2(a)和图2(b)是带有高抗腐蚀性涂层的匣钵被三元高腐蚀材料腐蚀的情况。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明作具体的介绍。
一、制作匣钵钵体
1、钵体配方
以质量百分比计，钵体的配方为：8-16目堇青石14％、16-60目堇青石20％、60-100目堇青石1％、100目以上堇青石1％、16-60目莫来石10％、800目氧化铝粉20％、325目手选2#苏州土30％、黄糊精4％，总计100％。
2、钵体制作方法
我们委托佛山某特种陶瓷公司制作了一批钵体，具体的制作方法为：
(1)按配方秤取制作钵体所需的原料；
(2)将秤好的上述原料配备5％的水，倒入混料机中混合30min；
(3)将混合好的原料送入除铁机，循环3次以上直至无铁质吸出；
(4)用100目过滤筛筛出100g细粉，均匀平铺在压机下模表面，然后再均匀布入6.5kg原料，压出匣钵；
(5)将压好的匣钵送入窑炉，以1100℃中温素烧，烧成时长15h，保温时间4h，取出后静止降温，即得到半成型钵体。
二、准备高抗腐蚀性涂层
1、涂层配方
以质量百分比计，涂层的配方为：氧化锆50％-80％、苏州土10-20％、氧化铝粉10-20％、辊棒粉0-20％。
在该配方中：
(1)氧化锆：对锂电池正极材料有较高的抗腐蚀性，是本发明涂层的主要和重要成分；
(2)苏州土：作用与釉相似，一定量的苏州土可以让涂层在烧成时不易开裂；
(3)氧化铝粉：增强钵体的硬度和白度，同时还具有一定的抗腐蚀性；
(4)辊棒粉：辊棒粉中有60％的氧化铝成分，能有效代替氧化铝并节约成本。
以下是在本具体实施方式中各实施例所对应的配方：
氧化锆 苏州土 氧化铝粉 辊棒粉
实施例1 50％ 20％ 20％ 10％
实施例2 60％ 16％ 16％ 8％
实施例3 70％ 13％ 13％ 4％
实施例4 80％ 10％ 10％ 0％
实施例5 60％ 10％ 10％ 20％
实施例6 50％ 10％ 20％ 20％
实施例7 60％ 10％ 15％ 15％
2、涂层制备方法
涂层是液体，其制备方法为：按配方称取制备涂层所需的原料，然后将称好的原料混合到一起，按总重40％(即料液比6:4)加水球磨40min，取出后再配比至50％水(即料液比1:1)，制成料液。
三、在钵体表面形成高抗腐蚀层
在钵体表面形成高抗腐蚀层，共分为3步，具体如下：
(1)涂料液
将半成型钵体整体浸入料液中，静置数秒钟后取出；或者，将料液均匀的喷涂在半成型钵体的表面。
在这一步中，无论采用哪一种方法，都需要将半成型钵体表面的料液的厚度控制在0.1mm-0.2mm这个范围内。如果料液涂的太薄，则抗腐蚀性欠佳；如果料液涂的太厚，则烧成后表面容易开裂。
在本具体实施方式中，我们采用的是浸涂法，即：将半成型钵体整体浸入料液中，静置数秒钟后取出。具体的静置时间我们控制在了2s，取出后料液的厚度为0.2mm，这个厚度不薄不厚，刚刚好。
(2)风干
将带有料液的半成型钵体风干。
(3)烧制
将风干后的半成型钵体送入烧成窑，以1400℃的温度进行烧制，烧成时间6h，保温时间2h。
四、效果比较
1、外观
普通匣钵(即钵体)：颗粒感强，孔隙细裂纹多，杂质黑点密。
带有高抗腐蚀性涂层的匣钵(实施例1至实施例7)：通体雪白、光滑明亮，一致性很好，没有瑕疵，更加美观。
2、抗腐蚀性
将8.5g三元高腐蚀材料研磨粉碎，然后集中成底直径为1.8cm的圆椎体，堆放在不同的匣钵内表面上，在1200℃窑炉中烧6h。
普通匣钵(即钵体)：未起皮，腐蚀范围直径3.8cm，最深度2.1mm，参见图1(a)和图1(b)。
带有高抗腐蚀性涂层的匣钵(实施例1至实施例7)：未起皮，腐蚀范围直径2.6cm，最深度0.8mm，参见图2(a)和图2(b)。
由此可见：单次高强度腐蚀试验对比效果明显，带有高抗腐蚀性涂层的匣钵具有更好的抗腐蚀性能。
3、使用寿命
常规生产线入窑检测，检测结果：
普通匣钵(即钵体)：使用6次脱皮。
带有高抗腐蚀性涂层的匣钵(实施例1至实施例7)：使用21次脱皮。
由此可见，本发明的涂层明显增强了匣钵的抗腐蚀性，大幅提高了匣钵的使用次数。
此外，涂有本发明的涂层的匣钵，通体雪白、光滑明亮，一致性很好，没有瑕疵，更加美观。
需要说明的是，上述实施例不以任何形式限制本发明，凡采用等同替换或等效变换的方式所获得的技术方案，均落在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (2)

1.匣钵高抗腐蚀性涂层的使用方法，其特征在于：
以质量百分比计，所述涂层的配方为：
氧化锆60％、苏州土10％、氧化铝粉10％、辊棒粉20％；或者，氧化锆50％、苏州土10％、氧化铝粉20％、辊棒粉20％；
所述涂层的使用方法为：
Step1：按配方称取制备涂层所需的原料，然后将称好的原料混合到一起，按总重40％加水球磨40min，取出后再配比至50％水，制成料液；
Step2：将半成型钵体整体浸入料液中，静置数秒钟后取出；或者，将料液均匀的喷涂在半成型钵体的表面，料液的厚度为0.1mm-0.2mm；
Step3：将带有料液的半成型钵体风干；
Step4：将风干后的半成型钵体送入烧成窑，以1400℃的温度进行烧制，烧成时间6h，保温时间2h。
2.根据权利要求1所述的匣钵高抗腐蚀性涂层的使用方法，其特征在于，在Step2中，半成型钵体表面的料液的厚度为0.2mm。
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