CN108911716A - 一种汽车零部件制造用陶瓷造粒粉及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种汽车零部件制造用陶瓷造粒粉及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
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- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims 2
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- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- FYHXNYLLNIKZMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;carbonic acid Chemical compound [Ca].OC(O)=O FYHXNYLLNIKZMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种汽车零部件制造用陶瓷造粒粉,包括瓷料、分散剂、复合粘结剂、脱模剂以及分散介质,瓷料由以下组成及其重量百分比组成:α‑AL2O3粉体90‑94%,氧化镁0.6‑1.5%,碳酸钙0.5‑4%,二氧化硅1.2‑3.5%,二氧化钛0.1‑1.2%,二氧化锆0.5‑2.5%,三氧化二铬0‑3.5%;复合粘结剂为相对于瓷料的重量百分比为1.0‑2.5%的阿拉伯树胶,相对于瓷料的重量百分比为0‑0.6%的PVA‑BP17,相对于瓷料的重量百分比为0‑0.3%的PVA‑BP05中的两种或三种与水混合形成质量浓度为18%的混合体。本发明制备的陶瓷粉体抗折强度达到350MPa,陶瓷及金属化层的气密性可以达到1×10‑13Pa.m3/s,粉体松装度≥1.23g/cm3,使得在压制坯件过程中,压缩比降低,制品缩腰变小。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于氧化铝陶瓷技术领域,具体涉及一种汽车零部件制造用陶瓷造粒粉及其制备方法。
背景技术
高纯型氧化铝陶瓷系Al2O3含量在99.9%以上的陶瓷材料,由于其烧结温度高达1650—1990℃,透射波长为1~6μm,一般制成熔融玻璃以取代铂坩埚;利用其透光性及可耐碱金属腐蚀性用作钠灯管;在电子工业中可用作集成电路基板与高频绝缘材料。
普通型氧化铝陶瓷系按Al2O3含量不同分为99瓷、95瓷、90瓷、85瓷等品种,有时Al2O3含量在80%或75%者也划为普通氧化铝陶瓷系列。其中99氧化铝瓷材料用于制作高温坩埚、耐火炉管及特殊耐磨材料,如陶瓷轴承、陶瓷密封件及水阀片等;95氧化铝瓷主要用作耐腐蚀、耐磨部件;85瓷中由于常掺入部分滑石,提高了电性能与机械强度,可与钼、铌、钽等金属封接,有的用作电真空装置器件。
将入厂的氧化铝粉按照不同的产品要求与不同成型工艺制备成粉体材料。粉体粒度在1μm以下,若制造高纯氧化铝陶瓷制品除氧化铝纯度在99.99%外,还需超细粉碎且使其粒径分布均匀。采用挤压成型或注射成型时,粉料中需引入粘结剂与可塑剂,一般为重量比在10-30%的热塑性塑胶或有机粘结剂与氧化铝粉体在150-200温度下均匀混合,以利于成型操作。采用热压工艺成型的粉体原料则不需加入粘结剂。若采用半自动或全自动干压成型,对粉体有特别的工艺要求,需要采用喷雾造粒法对粉体进行处理、使其呈现圆球状,以利于提高粉体流动性便于成型中自动充填模壁。此外,为减少粉料与模壁的摩擦,还需添加1~2%的润滑剂,如硬脂酸,及粘结剂PVA。
目前喷雾造粒制备陶瓷粉体的工艺中,陶瓷晶粒过大,不易产生玻璃相,陶瓷金属化结合力不理性,采用单种粘接剂,粉体粘结度过低或过高,压制坯件过程中,压缩比高,制品缩腰变形,过高则粉料容易破碎,易产生桥架气孔,因而需要对陶瓷粉体配方及制备方法进行改进。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供一种一种汽车零部件制造用陶瓷造粒粉及其制备方法,以解决上述背景中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种汽车零部件制造用陶瓷粉体,包括瓷料、分散剂、复合粘结剂、脱模剂以及分散介质,所述瓷料由以下组成及其重量百分比组成:α-AL2O3粉体90-94%,氧化镁0.6-1.5%,碳酸钙0.5-4%,二氧化硅1.2-3.5%,二氧化钛0.1-1.2%,二氧化锆0.5-2.5%,三氧化二铬0-3.5%;所述分散剂为相对瓷料重量百分比为0.15-0.7%的聚丙烯酸铵;所述复合粘结剂为相对于瓷料的重量百分比为1.0-2.5%的阿拉伯树胶,相对于瓷料的重量百分比为0-0.6%的PVA-BP17,相对于瓷料的重量百分比为0-0.3%的PVA-BP05中的两种或三种与水混合形成质量浓度为18%的混合体;所述脱模剂为相对瓷料的重量百分比为0.5-2.5%的乳化蜡;所述分散介质为相对瓷料的重量百分比为35-40%的水。
进一步地,所述α-AL2O3粉体中氧化铝重量含量≥99.6%,NaO重量含量≤0.1%,原晶粒度为2.0-3.5um,α相转化率≥98%。
一种汽车零部件制造用陶瓷造粒粉的制备方法:包括以下步骤:(1)将α-AL2O3、氧化镁、碳酸钙、二氧化硅、二氧化钛、二氧化锆、三氧化二铬按照质量百分比混合制成瓷料;(2)将所述瓷料加入高速搅拌磨中,同时加入水和聚丙烯酸铵进行球磨,直至研磨至氧化铝原晶浆料;(3)在所述氧化铝原晶浆料中加入复合粘结剂和脱模剂,继续研磨30min后倒入搅拌桶;(4)将搅拌桶中的氧化铝原晶浆料过筛、除铁后,缓慢搅拌1小时后除泡,经喷雾干燥塔造粒得颗粒粉体,控制颗粒粉松装密度≥1.2g/cm3,含水率≤0.25%,流动性≦68S,将造粒后的颗粒粉体过筛、除铁、匀化、检测、包装、即得成品。
本发明中引入抑晶元素MgO和熔剂型元素CaO、SiO2、TiO2,抑制陶瓷晶粒过大和促进形成适量玻璃相,提高陶瓷金属化结合力,引入二氧化锆,通过弥相扩散,增加陶瓷的断裂韧性,使得制品抗折强度达到350MPa;三氧化二铬作为着色剂,对陶瓷粉体着色。
本发明中,使用复合粘接剂,粉料相对容易破碎,基本不产生桥架气孔,瓷质气孔缺陷基本没有,制备金属化产品时金属化浆体不会有渗漏现象,陶瓷及金属化层的气密性可以达到1×10-13Pa.m3/s。
本发明制备的陶瓷造粒粉在压制坯件过程中,填料深度减小、压缩比降低、成型压力降低;烧结过程中:制品缩腰变小、产品尺寸控制更加精准。
有益效果:
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
1、本发明配方引入抑晶元素和熔剂型元素,抑晶元素有MgO、熔剂元素有CaO、SiO2,抑制陶瓷晶粒过大和促进形成适量玻璃相,提高陶瓷金属化结合力,引入二氧化锆,通过弥相扩散,增加陶瓷的断裂韧性,使得制品抗折强度达到350MPa。
2、本发明使用两种或三种复合粘接剂,使得坯体强度适中,粉料相对容易破碎,不易产生桥架气孔,陶瓷及金属化层的气密性可以达到1×10-13Pa.m3/s。
3、本发明制备的陶瓷粉体松装度≥1.23g/cm3,使得在压制坯件过程中,压缩比降低,成型压力降低,烧结过程中,制品缩腰变小。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种汽车零部件制造用陶瓷造粒粉,包括瓷料、分散剂、复合粘结剂、脱模剂以及分散介质,瓷料由以下组成及其重量百分比组成:α-AL2O3粉体90%,氧化镁1.2%,碳酸钙2.3%,二氧化硅3%,二氧化钛0.3%,二氧化锆1.7%,三氧化二铬1.5%;分散剂为相对瓷料重量百分比为0.3%的聚丙烯酸铵复合溶液;复合粘结剂为相对于瓷料的重量百分比为1.0%的阿拉伯树胶,相对于瓷料的重量百分比为0.2%的PVA-BP17,相对于瓷料的重量百分比为0.1%的PVA-BP05三种与水混合形成质量浓度为18%的混合体;脱模剂为相对瓷料的重量百分比为1%的乳化蜡;分散介质为相对瓷料的重量百分比为40%的水。
一种汽车零部件制造用陶瓷造粒粉的制备方法,包括以下步骤:1)将α-AL2O3、氧化镁、碳酸钙、二氧化硅、二氧化钛、二氧化锆、三氧化二铬按照质量百分比混合制成瓷料;(2)将所述瓷料加入高速搅拌磨中,同时加入水和聚丙烯酸铵进行球磨,直至研磨至氧化铝原晶浆料;(3)在所述氧化铝原晶浆料中加入复合粘结剂和脱模剂,继续研磨30min后倒入搅拌桶;(4)将搅拌桶中的氧化铝原晶浆料过筛、除铁后,缓慢搅拌1小时后除泡,经喷雾干燥塔造粒得颗粒粉体,控制颗粒粉松装密度≥1.23g/cm3,含水率≤0.25%,流动性≦68S,将造粒后的颗粒粉体过筛、除铁、匀化、检测、包装、即得成品。
实施例2
一种汽车零部件制造用陶瓷造粒粉,包括瓷料、分散剂、复合粘结剂、脱模剂以及分散介质,瓷料由以下组成及其重量百分比组成:α-AL2O3粉体92.5%,氧化镁0.6%,碳酸钙1%,二氧化硅3.5%,二氧化钛0.4%,二氧化锆1%,三氧化二铬1%;分散剂为相对瓷料重量百分比为0.55%的聚丙烯酸铵复合溶液;复合粘结剂为相对于瓷料的重量百分比为0.8%的PVA-BP17,相对于瓷料的重量百分比为0.3%的PVA-BP05两种与水混合形成质量浓度为18%的混合体;脱模剂为相对瓷料的重量百分比为1.5%的乳化蜡;分散介质为相对瓷料的重量百分比为35%的水。
制备方法和实施例1相同。
实施例3
一种汽车零部件制造用陶瓷造粒粉,包括瓷料、分散剂、复合粘结剂、脱模剂以及分散介质,瓷料由以下组成及其重量百分比组成:α-AL2O3粉体90.5%,氧化镁0.8%,碳酸钙1.4%,二氧化硅2.7%,二氧化钛0.6%,二氧化锆2%,三氧化二铬2%;分散剂为相对瓷料重量百分比为0.4%的聚丙烯酸铵复合溶液;复合粘结剂为相对于瓷料的重量百分比为1.5%的阿拉伯树胶,相对于瓷料的重量百分比为0.2%的PVA-BP17两种与水混合形成质量浓度为18%的混合体;脱模剂为相对瓷料的重量百分比为2%的乳化蜡;分散介质为相对瓷料的重量百分比为33%的水。
制备方法和实施例1相同。
实施例4
一种汽车零部件制造用陶瓷造粒粉,包括瓷料、分散剂、复合粘结剂、脱模剂以及分散介质,瓷料由以下组成及其重量百分比组成:α-AL2O3粉体92%,氧化镁1.0%,碳酸钙2.0%,二氧化硅3.5%,二氧化钛0.5%,二氧化锆1.0%;分散剂为相对瓷料重量百分比为0.6%的聚丙烯酸铵复合溶液;复合粘结剂为相对于瓷料的重量百分比为1.1%的阿拉伯树胶,相对于瓷料的重量百分比为0.4%的PVA-BP05两种与水混合形成质量浓度为18%的混合体;脱模剂为相对瓷料的重量百分比为1%的乳化蜡;分散介质为相对瓷料的重量百分比为37%的水。
制备方法和实施例1相同。
本发明中引入抑晶元素MgO和熔剂型元素CaO、SiO2、TiO2,抑制陶瓷晶粒过大和促进形成适量玻璃相,提高陶瓷金属化结合力,引入二氧化锆,通过弥相扩散,增加陶瓷的断裂韧性,使得制品抗折强度达到350MPa。
本发明中,使用两种或三种复合粘接剂,粉料相对容易破碎,基本不产生桥架气孔,瓷质气孔缺陷基本没有,制备金属化产品时金属化浆体不会有渗漏现象,陶瓷及金属化层的气密性可以达到1×10-13Pa.m3/s。
本发明制备的陶瓷粉体在压制坯件过程中,填料深度减小、压缩比降低、成型压力降低;烧结过程中,品缩腰变小、产品尺寸控制更加精准。
上面对本专利的较佳实施方式作了详细说明,但是本专利并不限于上述实施方式,在本领域的普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内,还可以在不脱离本专利宗旨的前提下做出各种变化。
Claims (3)
1.一种汽车零部件制造用陶瓷造粒粉,包括瓷料、分散剂、复合粘结剂、脱模剂以及分散介质,其特征在于,所述瓷料由以下组成及其重量百分比组成:α-AL2O3粉体90-94%,氧化镁0.6-1.5%,碳酸钙0.5-4%,二氧化硅1.2-3.5%,二氧化钛0.1-1.2%,二氧化锆0.5-2.5%,三氧化二铬0-3.5%;所述分散剂为相对瓷料重量百分比为0.15-0.7%的聚丙烯酸铵复合溶液;所述复合粘结剂为相对于瓷料的重量百分比为1.0-2.5%的阿拉伯树胶,相对于瓷料的重量百分比为0-0.6%的PVA-BP17,相对于瓷料的重量百分比为0-0.3%的PVA-BP05中的两种或三种与水混合形成质量浓度为18%的混合体;所述脱模剂为相对瓷料的重量百分比为0.5-2.5%的乳化蜡;所述分散介质为相对瓷料的重量百分比为33-40%的水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的汽车零部件制造用陶瓷造粒粉,其特征在于,所述α-AL2O3粉体中氧化铝重量含量≥99.6%,NaO重量含量≤0.1%,原晶粒度为2.0-3.5um,α相转化率≥98%。
3.一种如权利要求1所述的汽车零部件制造用陶瓷造粒粉的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:(1)将α-AL2O3粉体、氧化镁、碳酸钙、二氧化硅、二氧化钛、二氧化锆、三氧化二铬按照质量百分比混合制成瓷料;(2)将所述瓷料加入高速搅拌磨中,同时加入水和聚丙烯酸铵进行球磨,直至研磨至氧化铝原晶浆料;(3)在所述氧化铝原晶浆料中加入复合粘结剂和脱模剂,继续研磨30min后倒入搅拌桶;(4)将搅拌桶中的氧化铝原晶浆料过筛、除铁后,缓慢搅拌1小时后除泡,经喷雾干燥塔造粒得颗粒粉体,控制颗粒粉松装密度≥1.23g/cm3,含水率≤0.25%,将造粒后的颗粒粉体过筛、除铁、匀化、检测、包装、即得成品。
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