CN108558416A - 一种陶瓷烧成窑具及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种陶瓷烧成窑具及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108558416A
CN108558416A CN201711413843.4A CN201711413843A CN108558416A CN 108558416 A CN108558416 A CN 108558416A CN 201711413843 A CN201711413843 A CN 201711413843A CN 108558416 A CN108558416 A CN 108558416A
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万燕杰
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种陶瓷烧成窑具及制备方法。红柱石颗粒，铝酸镁凝胶，钙稳定氧化锆微粉，红柱石活性微粉，氧化铝微粉团聚体，宜兴黏土，外加结合剂0.1%~0.15%，将原料按照不同的重量百分比，经混料、成型、干燥、最后高温煅烧制备了本发明的制品，该含锆红柱石增韧匣钵制品克服了现有存在使用寿命不长、稳定性差、抗折强度低等缺陷。本发明制备的匣钵具有高温抗折强度高、抗热震性好和使用寿命长等优点。

Description

一种陶瓷烧成窑具及制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于耐火材料制备技术领域，主要提出一种陶瓷烧成窑具及制备方法。
背景技术
一种陶瓷烧成窑具，具体来说是一种烧结电子瓷的匣钵。工业上经常利用匣钵来生产需要高温煅烧的陶瓷制品或高温电子管等。一般采用的是隧道窑炉，其是一种连续式加热烧结设备，按照烧结产品的工艺要求，布置所需的温区及功率，把需要烧结的产品直接或间接放在匣钵里，由推进系统按照产品的工艺要求产品随窑车进行移动，以便于在炉膛中完成产品烧结。这一过程中，匣钵经常都要经受1300℃-1600℃左右的高温、各种氧化还原气氛和温度瞬间变化的冲击，同时还要耐受窑车出窑后温度的急剧变化，因此对匣钵的性能要求极为严格。
目前，国内生产的刚玉质、碳化硅质、堇青石质等匣钵均难以满足对于温度、抗折强度、使用寿命以及高化学稳定性等的要求。刚玉质匣钵在高温窑炉上使用仅二十天即产生裂纹或破裂。碳化硅质具有易氧化的特点，氧化后表面宜生成SiO2玻璃相，宜对制品污染。堇青石质匣钵由于堇青石的生成温度与分解温度较为接近，在较低的温度，堇青石含量较少，提高烧成温度又会导致玻璃相大量生成，直接影响到制品的抗蠕变性，因此堇青石匣钵只适用于中温炉（温度≤1200℃），不能满足中高温。目前普遍采用的都是刚玉-莫来石匣钵，但是由于原料的选择问题，导致产品的使用寿命较低且稳定性差，开裂变形，高温抗折强度不够，同时出现断裂现象。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服上述匣钵使用寿命短，高温下宜变形，抗热震性差，荷重软化温度低等缺陷，提供一种生产成本低、高温抗折强度高、使用寿命长的一种陶瓷烧成窑具及制备方法。
为实现本发明的目的，所采用的技术方案是：一种陶瓷烧成窑具，它主要由以下重量百分比的原料制备： 红柱石颗粒 20%-30% ，铝酸镁凝胶20-30%，钙稳定氧化锆微粉5-10%，红柱石活性微粉 10%~20% ，氧化铝微粉团聚体15%-20% ，宜兴黏土 3%~5% ，外加结合剂 0.1%~0.15%。
优选的，外加结合剂为石蜡、羧甲基纤维素、黄糊精中的全部。
优选的，红柱石颗粒 Al2O3重量百分含量为60%左右，铁含量重量百分含量为＜0.4%左右；铝酸镁 Al2O3重量百分含量为60%左右，铁含量重量百分含量为＜0.4%左右。
优选的，红柱石活性微粉的粒径为2微米，氧化铝含量≥60%，铁含量＜0.4%。
优选的，钙稳定氧化锆粉的粒径为5000-8000目之间。
优选的，宜兴黏土选用粒径为0.045mm的。
优选的，氧化铝微粉团聚体是氧化铝微粉在常温下成形的球形团聚体，压制时可以保持球的完整性。
一种陶瓷烧成窑具的制备方法，包括如下工艺步骤：(1)将原料组分按照不同重量百分比放入立式不锈钢搅拌机中搅拌30min混合均匀。（2）准备要做的匣钵模具； (3)将经过步骤（1）的物料用630吨压机冷压成型，自然干燥；(4)将经过步骤（3）干燥的物料用20m长的高温窑经1450℃~1480℃的温度煅烧，烧成带保温4-6小时，得到陶瓷匣钵。
本发明的有益特点是：（1）本发明采用红柱石、氧化锆为主要原料，在高温烧结过程中，红柱石开始转化成针状莫来石，可以在使用过程中逐步反应，在长期使用下可以避免匣钵收缩变形，保持体积稳定，延长材料寿命；铝酸镁凝胶活性大，分散性高，也可与红柱石析出的柔性玻璃相反应生成性能好的镁橄榄石，提高性能。（2）本发明选用红柱石活性微粉，其纯度高，杂质含量少，活性大，可以替代普通微粉使用，且因为粒度细，可以混合的很均匀，有利于提高基质性能，加入后，其热态高温抗折强度较传统产品提高6倍以上。（3）本发明的氧化铝微粉团聚体具有压制时便于填充空间，高温下烧结时，球形团聚体会收缩，然后团聚体会与周边物质形成一条环缝，使得产品在高温下具有韧性，抵消热应力的功能，加入的氧化锆产品不仅能提高匣钵的抗热震性能，还能大大提高产品抗侵蚀性。外加的结合剂常温具有结合作用，在高温下排出后，保留三种不同的气孔，有利于提高窑具的抗热震性和韧性。采用本发明的方法制造的陶瓷匣钵体积稳定，抗热震性好（1100℃水冷＞100次）比同类产品使用寿命提高4倍以上。
具体实施方式
本下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明，但本发明不仅局限于以下具体实施例。
实施例1 由重量百分比为：红柱石颗粒 29% ，铝酸镁凝胶25%，钙稳定氧化锆微粉8%，红柱石活性微粉 20% ，氧化铝微粉团聚体15% ，宜兴黏土 3% ，外加结合剂 0.1%。工艺步骤如下： 将上述原料组分按照重量百分比在立式不锈钢搅拌机中搅拌均匀，放入模具，经630吨压机冷压成型，自然干燥后用20m长的高温窑在1450℃下煅烧，并保温5小时。
实施例2 由重量百分比为：由重量百分比为：红柱石颗粒 28% ，铝酸镁凝胶25%，钙稳定氧化锆微粉8%，红柱石活性微粉 20% ，氧化铝微粉团聚体16% ，苏州土 3% ，外加结合剂 0.1%。工艺步骤如下： 将上述原料组分按照重量百分比在立式不锈钢搅拌机中搅拌均匀，放入模具，经630吨压机冷压成型，自然干燥后用20m长的高温窑在1480℃下煅烧，并保温6小时。

Claims (7)

1.一种陶瓷烧成用窑具，其特征在于：它主要由以下重量百分比的原料制备而成： 红柱石颗粒 20%-30% ，铝酸镁凝胶20-30%，钙稳定氧化锆微粉5-10%，红柱石活性微粉 10%~20% ，氧化铝微粉团聚体15%-20% ，宜兴黏土 3%~5% ，外加结合剂 0.1%~0.15%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷烧成用窑具，其特征在于：所述的外加结合剂为石蜡、羧甲基纤维素、黄糊精中的全部。
3. 根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷烧成用窑具，其特征在于：所述的红柱石颗粒 Al2O3重量百分含量为59%左右，铁含量重量百分含量为＜0.5%左右；铝酸镁凝胶 Al2O3重量百分含量为59%左右，铁含量重量百分含量为＜0.5%左右。
4.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷烧成用窑具，其特征在于：所述的红柱石活性微粉的粒径为2微米，氧化铝含量≥60%，铁含量＜0.5%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷烧成用窑具，其特征在于：所述的氧化锆粉的粒径为5000-8000目之间。
6.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷烧成用窑具，其特征在于：所述的氧化铝微粉团聚体是氧化铝微粉在常温下成形的球形团聚体，压制时可以保持球的完整性。
7. 一种陶瓷烧成用窑具的制备方法，包括如下工艺步骤：：(1)将原料组分按照不同重量百分比放入立式不锈钢搅拌机中搅拌30min混合均匀；（2）准备要做的匣钵模具； (3)将经过步骤（1）的物料用630吨压机冷压成型，自然干燥；(4)将经过步骤（3）干燥的物料用20m长的高温窑经1450℃~1480℃的温度煅烧，烧成带保温4-6小时，得到陶瓷匣钵。
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Cited By (5)

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CN108069708A (zh) * 2017-12-24 2018-05-25 万燕杰 一种高热震长寿命匣钵及制备方法
CN108083821A (zh) * 2017-12-24 2018-05-29 万燕杰 一种陶瓷匣钵及制备方法
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CN108083821A (zh) * 2017-12-24 2018-05-29 万燕杰 一种陶瓷匣钵及制备方法
CN108218445A (zh) * 2017-12-24 2018-06-29 万燕杰 一种红柱石硅线石匣钵及制备方法
CN108218444A (zh) * 2017-12-24 2018-06-29 万燕杰 一种含锆红柱石增韧匣钵及制备方法
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