CN108901733A - A kind of semen viciae fabae set corn high-yield cultivation method - Google Patents
A kind of semen viciae fabae set corn high-yield cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108901733A CN108901733A CN201810777491.9A CN201810777491A CN108901733A CN 108901733 A CN108901733 A CN 108901733A CN 201810777491 A CN201810777491 A CN 201810777491A CN 108901733 A CN108901733 A CN 108901733A
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- semen viciae
- viciae fabae
- corn
- cultivation method
- yield cultivation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to gardening；The technical field of cultivation of vegetables discloses a kind of semen viciae fabae set corn high-yield cultivation method, including：Optimization band plants, selects breeding, begins sowing in good time, rational close planting, using sufficient base fertilizer, section community land the income from which was used to support a school pipe, topping (pinching), in due course harvest.The present invention solves the decline of continuous cropping bring soil fertility, the production practical problem such as again occurs for pest and disease damage, reduces the usage amount of chemical fertilizer, pesticide.Test, Demonstration And Extension in the area such as Chengdu, Yuezhi County：Semen viciae fabae/cropping Pattern of High Yield Maize increases income 230 yuan or so as mu only compared with semen viciae fabae, increases income 100 yuan or so as mu only compared with corn.Implementation of the invention helps to make full use of the producing regions such as Sichuan Province mountain area, hills light, heat, water resource advantage abundant, improve soil multiple crop index and utilization rate, effectively mitigate pest and disease damage, improve semen viciae fabae, corn yield, to increase farmers' income and push Sichuan province semen viciae fabae, Corn Industrialization, total grain output is finally improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to gardening；The technical field of cultivation of vegetables more particularly to a kind of semen viciae fabae cover corn high-yield cultivation method.
Background technique
Currently, the prior art commonly used in the trade is such：The how ripe farming region of Sichuan Province's dry farming, semen viciae fabae are influenced by continuous cropping,
Low output and it is unstable, and cultivated area is reduced year by year, and weight occurs for pest and disease damage, and cultivation management is extensive, and planting technology falls behind, economy effect
It is beneficial low, dampen the plantation enthusiasm of peasant.Semen viciae fabae is preferable fixed nitrogen, fertilizer ground crop, with the gramineous crops such as corn
It alternately can increase section's crop yield when crop rotation and reduce the effect of rate of fertilizer.Carry out semen viciae fabae and corn date of seeding, density
The existing demonstration of research is of great significance.The implementation of this technology help to make full use of the producing regions such as Sichuan Province mountain area, hills light, heat,
Water resource advantage abundant improves soil multiple crop index and utilization rate, effectively mitigation pest and disease damage, improves semen viciae fabae, corn yield, from
And increase farmers' income and push Sichuan province semen viciae fabae, Corn Industrialization, finally improve total grain output.
In conclusion problem of the existing technology is：Sichuan belongs to the how ripe farming region of dry farming, existing semen viciae fabae cultivation technique one
As avoid the continuous cropping of semen viciae fabae field to influence using crop rotation method, and cultivation management is extensive, and planting technology falls behind, and economic benefit is low
Under.With the fast development of urban construction in recent years, cultivated area is reduced year by year, and two Ji Gantian are limited, semen viciae fabae crop rotation change more
Add difficulty.
Solve the difficulty and meaning of above-mentioned technical problem：Semen viciae fabae most avoids heavy soil continuous cropping, and farmer's proverb says " weight wheat does not weigh beans ", mainly
The reason is that semen viciae fabae rhizobium are suitable for growth and development in neutral or alkalescence soil, and under continuous cropping, root nodule secretes a large amount of organic acids.Greatly
The organic acid of amount will lead to：1, acidic materials accumulation is excessive, and being directly incorporated into can cause to be poisoned in plant body；2, inhibit rhizobium
The activity of breeding and rhizosphere microorganism；3, certain elements is caused to lack.So continuous cropping keeps bean plant short and small, flower pod is reduced, disease
Evil is serious, and yield reduces.Sichuan and southwest are a special ecotope, and the ecological conditions such as landform, weather and soil property are multiple
Miscellaneous, semen viciae fabae is a variety of in mountain and hill, the field angle Bian Wu, and based on arid hillside field, soil is barren, and seasonal drought and storm take place frequently, yin
Rain widow is shone, and the overwhelming majority is marketed one's own products by peasant household, mostly uses reserve kind for one's own use greatly, variety deterioration is serious, and without semen viciae fabae cultivation management
Measure or method, so as to cause yield, low quality, the various pest and disease damages of semen viciae fabae are serious.It is ground by Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences crop
That studies carefully institute's breeding need to have the good characteristics such as precocious, yield is high, the strong, wide adaptability of resistance at serial semen viciae fabae new varieties recklessly.It is logical
The associated specialist research cooperation for crossing and studying Technique for Corn Cultivation, has developed that " double 30 " semen viciae fabae/corn with high yield, solve continuous cropping
The production practical problem such as again occurs for the decline of bring soil fertility, pest and disease damage, reduces the usage amount of chemical fertilizer, pesticide.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of semen viciae fabaes to cover corn high-yield cultivation method, including：It is excellent
Change band plant, select breeding, begin sowing in good time, rational close planting, using sufficient base fertilizer, section community land the income from which was used to support a school pipe, topping (pinching), in due course harvest.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of semen viciae fabaes to cover fertile culture of maize base manure, and the semen viciae fabae covers corn with high yield
Cultivating base manure is 25-30 kgs/acre of calcium phosphate or 1000 kgs/acre of well-rotted farmyard manure.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of semen viciae fabaes using semen viciae fabae set fertile culture of maize base manure to cover jade
Rice high yield cultivating method, the semen viciae fabae set corn high-yield cultivation method include：Optimization band plants, selects breeding, begins sowing in good time, rationally
Dense planting uses sufficient base fertilizer, section community land the income from which was used to support a school pipe, topping, in due course harvest.
Further, the optimization band, which is planted, includes：0.75 meter of corn planting bandwidth, 2 rows of every band plantation, 0.33 meter of nest spacing；Silkworm
0.40 meter of beans kind narrow row, every 2 row of band, 0.27-0.33 meters of nest spacing.
Further, the selection breeding includes：Sowing seed early period preferably passes through two and selects a solarization.
Further, described begin sowing in good time selects mid or late October to sow semen viciae fabae；March 20 seeding corn.
Further, 6500-8000 plants/acre of density of the rational close planting semen viciae fabae, 4000 plants/acre of Corn Densities.
Further, it fills the gaps with seedlings the section community land the income from which was used to support a school pipe early period and keeps a full stand of seedings, carries out tillage and weeding, field humidity, pest and disease damage is reinforced in irrigation and drainage
Prevention and treatment.
Further, the topping：It is tender to pluck top 3-6cm at fine day noon for pinching when plant averagely has 10 tongue fur inflorescence
The tip.
Further, the in due course harvest basks seeds, stores, preventing mechanical admixture.
Further, the points for attention：The complicated multiplicity of Sichuan Province ecotope climate type, various regions can be made according to when ground temperature
Appropriate adjustment date of seeding and density；It should be isolated in breeding, pay attention to pure keeping of choosing seeds, prevent from degenerating, mix.
In conclusion advantages of the present invention and good effect are：The present invention solve continuous cropping bring soil fertility decline,
Pest and disease damage occurs to wait production practical problem again, reduces the usage amount of chemical fertilizer, pesticide.The area such as Chengdu, Yuezhi County test, show
Model is promoted：Semen viciae fabae/cropping Pattern of High Yield Maize increases income 230 yuan or so as mu only compared with semen viciae fabae, increases income 100 yuan of left sides as mu only compared with corn
It is right.Implementation of the invention helps to make full use of the producing regions such as Sichuan Province mountain area, hills light, heat, water resource advantage abundant, improves
Soil multiple crop index and utilization rate, effectively mitigation pest and disease damage, improve semen viciae fabae, corn yield, to increase farmers' income and push
Sichuan province semen viciae fabae, Corn Industrialization, finally improve total grain output.
It is suitable for row ratio, date of seeding and density test that 2012-2013, which carries out semen viciae fabae/corn in new capital, using orthogonal design, row
Than setting 2:2,3:2,4:1,4:2,6:October 12, October 19, October 26, November 2 is arranged in 1 five levels, date of seeding
90,000 plants/hectare, 120,000 plants/hectare, 150,000 plants/kilogram, 180,000 plants/hectare, 22,50,000 plants/hectare are arranged in three levels, density
Five levels.Semen viciae fabae, corn yield, benefit interpretation of result show yield of broad bean with the increase of line number and in falling after rising
Trend, corn yield are with 2:Highest when 2, therefore benefit is with 2:2 is best；Yield of broad bean becomes with the postponement of date of seeding in what is fallen after rising
Gesture；Density significantly affects semen viciae fabae, corn yield, and yield of broad bean is increased with the raising of density, but amount of increase in production is gradually reduced, knot
Corn yield and performance analysis are closed, optimal population is ten thousand plant/hectare of 15-18.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is semen viciae fabae set corn high-yield cultivation method flow chart provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Application principle of the invention is explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Semen viciae fabae provided in an embodiment of the present invention covers corn high-yield cultivation method：Optimization band plants, selects breeding, broadcasts in due course
Kind, rational close planting use sufficient base fertilizer, section community land the income from which was used to support a school pipe, topping (pinching), in due course harvest.
As shown in Figure 1, semen viciae fabae set corn high-yield cultivation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention specifically includes following steps：
S101：Optimization band is planted：It is planted using wide-and narrow-row interplanting mode, 0.75 meter of corn planting bandwidth, every band plants 2 rows,
0.33 meter of nest spacing；0.40 meter of semen viciae fabae kind narrow row, every 2 row of band, 0.27-0.33 meters of nest spacing.
S102：Select breeding：Sowing seed early period passes through " two choosings (flat choosing, screening) one are shone " preferably to ensure seed quality.
S103：It begins sowing in good time：Semen viciae fabae early sowing can be shortened the silkworm jade symbiosis phase, but semen viciae fabae is subject to the freeze injury underproduction, Sichuan autumn sowing silkworm
Beans preferably select mid or late October to sow semen viciae fabae.March 20 seeding corn.
S104：Rational close planting：6500-8000 plants/acre of semen viciae fabae density, 4000 plants/acre of Corn Densities.
S105：Use sufficient base fertilizer：General mu applies 25-30 kilograms of calcium superphosphate or 1000 kilograms of well-rotted farmyard manure are made base manure, note
Meaning seed manure separates, in order to avoid wound kind.The flower pod phase suitably imposes phosphorus, potash fertilizer, promotes semen viciae fabae growth, increases Pod Bearing Percentage and grain weight.
S106：Section community land the income from which was used to support a school pipe, will focus on filling the gaps with seedlings and keep a full stand of seedings, carry out tillage and weeding early period, and field humidity pays attention to appropriate irrigation and drainage,
Reinforce the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
S107：It pinches (pinching)：It is tender to pluck top 3-6cm at fine day noon for pinching when plant averagely has 10 tongue fur inflorescence
The tip can inhibit later period invalid nutrient growth in this way, achieve the purpose that the more pods of pod are mature ahead of time greatly.
S108：Harvest in due course, the corn stage of yellow ripeness harvest the black pod phase harvest of fruit ear, semen viciae fabae, pay attention to basking seeds, store after harvest,
Prevent mechanical admixture.
Production Zones Suitable：Each ecotope in Sichuan Province.
Points for attention：The complicated multiplicity of Sichuan Province ecotope climate type, various regions can be broadcast according to when ground temperature appropriately adjusts
Phase and density；It should be isolated in breeding, pay attention to pure keeping of choosing seeds, prevent from degenerating, mix.
By carrying out Demonstration Application to the present invention in Jianyang, Nanchong, Zi Gong, inland river, Dazhou City etc..Kind is used to be at Hu
Column kind at recklessly 14, at recklessly 15, use with the row of the intercropping and interplanting of corn than for 2:2, suitable sowing date is that October is upper, the middle ten days, close
Degree is ten thousand plants/hectare of 15-18 (equivalent net work).2013-2015 carries out in Jianyang, Nanchong, Zi Gong, inland river, Dazhou City etc. respectively
Test, demonstration are respectively 14637 kilograms/hectare, 14022 kilograms/hectare at recklessly 14,15 average Fresh pod yields, and dry seed is average
Yield is respectively 2869.5 kilograms/hectare, 3048 kilograms/hectare, and average rate of growth is respectively 16.9%, 20.4%.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of semen viciae fabae covers fertile culture of maize base manure, which is characterized in that the semen viciae fabae set fertile culture of maize base manure is phosphoric acid
25-30 kgs/acre of calcium or 1000 kgs/acre of well-rotted farmyard manure.
2. a kind of semen viciae fabae using the set fertile culture of maize base manure of semen viciae fabae described in claim 1 covers corn high-yield cultivation method,
It is characterized in that, the semen viciae fabae set corn high-yield cultivation method includes：Optimization band plant, select breeding, begin sowing in good time, rational close planting,
Use sufficient base fertilizer, section community land the income from which was used to support a school pipe, topping, in due course harvest.
3. semen viciae fabae as claimed in claim 2 covers corn high-yield cultivation method, which is characterized in that the optimization band, which is planted, includes：It is beautiful
0.75 meter of bandwidth of rice plantation, 2 rows of every band plantation, 0.33 meter of nest spacing；0.40 meter of semen viciae fabae kind narrow row, every 2 row of band, nest spacing 0.27-
0.33 meter.
4. semen viciae fabae as claimed in claim 2 covers corn high-yield cultivation method, which is characterized in that the selection breeding includes：It broadcasts
Kind seed early period preferably passes through two and selects a solarization.
5. semen viciae fabae as claimed in claim 2 covers corn high-yield cultivation method, which is characterized in that described begin sowing in good time selects October
The middle ten days and the last ten days sows semen viciae fabae；March 20 seeding corn.
6. semen viciae fabae as claimed in claim 2 covers corn high-yield cultivation method, which is characterized in that the rational close planting semen viciae fabae density
6500-8000 plants/acre, 4000 plants/acre of Corn Densities.
7. semen viciae fabae as claimed in claim 2 covers corn high-yield cultivation method, which is characterized in that the section community land the income from which was used to support a school pipe is filled the gaps with seedlings early period
Keep a full stand of seedings, carry out tillage and weeding, field humidity, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is reinforced in irrigation and drainage.
8. semen viciae fabae as claimed in claim 2 covers corn high-yield cultivation method, which is characterized in that the topping：Plant averagely has
Pinching when 10 tongue fur inflorescence plucks top 3-6cm tender tip at fine day noon.
9. semen viciae fabae as claimed in claim 2 covers corn high-yield cultivation method, which is characterized in that the in due course harvest basks seeds, stores up
Hiding.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101438664A (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2009-05-27 | 中国农业大学 | Method for planting horsebean intercropped with corn |
| CN104041277A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-09-17 | 云南省烟草公司曲靖市公司 | Crop rotation and no-tillage method for reducing chlorine ion content of tobacco leaves in field tobacco planting area |
| CN106105731A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-11-16 | 南通盛泰农业发展有限公司 | Booth Abelmoschus esculentus, Semen Viciae fabae, Semen vignae sinensis, 2 years four ripe efficient cultivation methods of Herba Apii graveolentis |
| CN107114035A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-01 | 合肥卓畅农业科技有限公司 | A kind of high yield ecological implantation methods of broad bean |
| CN107637248A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-01-30 | 桐梓县小水芦柑专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of broad bean |
-
2018
- 2018-07-16 CN CN201810777491.9A patent/CN108901733A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101438664A (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2009-05-27 | 中国农业大学 | Method for planting horsebean intercropped with corn |
| CN104041277A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-09-17 | 云南省烟草公司曲靖市公司 | Crop rotation and no-tillage method for reducing chlorine ion content of tobacco leaves in field tobacco planting area |
| CN106105731A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-11-16 | 南通盛泰农业发展有限公司 | Booth Abelmoschus esculentus, Semen Viciae fabae, Semen vignae sinensis, 2 years four ripe efficient cultivation methods of Herba Apii graveolentis |
| CN107114035A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-01 | 合肥卓畅农业科技有限公司 | A kind of high yield ecological implantation methods of broad bean |
| CN107637248A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-01-30 | 桐梓县小水芦柑专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of broad bean |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 刘保才: "《蔬菜高产栽培技术大全》", 30 September 1998 * |
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Application publication date: 20181130 |