CN108848979A - A kind of method that the old stake cuttage of plane tree is directly planted - Google Patents
A kind of method that the old stake cuttage of plane tree is directly planted Download PDFInfo
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- CN108848979A CN108848979A CN201810792639.6A CN201810792639A CN108848979A CN 108848979 A CN108848979 A CN 108848979A CN 201810792639 A CN201810792639 A CN 201810792639A CN 108848979 A CN108848979 A CN 108848979A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the method that a kind of old stake cuttage of plane tree is directly planted, the method specifically includes following steps：Atomizing management and field planting after cutting strunk, cuttage, cuttage.The method of the cutting strunk is：The diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground >=4cm plane tree trunk or base diameter >=4cm Chinar lateral branch are chosen, saw intercepts the old stake of plane tree, height >=2.5m of the old stake of plane tree；The method of the cuttage is：The cuttage section of the old stake of the plane tree is stained with 10~40 seconds or is impregnated 2~8 hours in immersion rooting agent solution middling speed, is inserted into the container for being filled with cutting medium, is placed in cuttage greenhouse.The present invention plants object using the old stake of plane tree as straight, substantially reduces rootage duration；By the control to cuttage process, the old stake rooting rate of plane tree can be effectively improved and rate of taking root, shorten the plane tree big seedling cultivation time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the methods that plane tree technical field of cultivation more particularly to a kind of old stake cuttage of plane tree are directly planted.
Background technique
The tree-like grandness of plane tree is thick with leaves, purifies air, insulating noise and growth rapidly, is that the important front yard in China is shady
Tree and shade tree, city or road road, high-grade cell, plant area greening in be widely used.As green tree species
Plane tree needs to reach diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground > 8cm, and 3.5 meters of height >.The breeding of plane tree generallys use two kinds of shapes of cutting and seeding and seedling raising
Formula, wherein need to adopt item for main modes of reproduction with lateral branch cutting in the time of the year when autumn changes into winter, can just make side shoot chest by cultivations in 3~4 years
Diameter reaches 5~6cm, and cultivates to meeting roadside greening standard and then need at least 5 years, but the collateral generation time is longer, educates
Seedling difficulty is bigger, therefore Chinar lateral branch cuttage at present generallys use life in 1 year and rugosity is less than the side shoot of 2cm.Seeding and seedling raising
It is longer the time required to mode.The time that traditional plane tree mode of reproduction not only needs is long, and it is artificially fixed also to need in reproductive process
Phase maintenance, improves human cost.
When need large area greening with tree, frequently with tree transplanted, need by plane tree saw amputation remove tree crown, by trunk into
Naked of row is transplanted with soil ball, and this method has the following disadvantages：1. transplanting survival rate is low：When due to naked or with soil ball transplanting,
It needs to be truncated a large amount of root systems, so as to cause absorption root deficiency, needs to re-emit new root after transplanting, can just survive, transplanting survival rate
Low, survival rate is not achieved 90%, influences afforestation effect；2. transplanting is subject to seasonal restrictions, it can only plant, can not achieve in spring and autumn
The four seasons plant trees, and can not achieve the effect that with transplanting, with surviving；3. the big tree-pruning of plane tree or saw cut tree crown, usually only protect
3~5 side shoots are stayed, complete crown transplanting is can not achieve, new tree crown is needed to form after field planting and is just able to achieve shading effect, and is generated
A large amount of stem thicknesses be more than 4cm it is old it is dry usually rubbish is taken as to abandon, cause certain environmental pollution, can not achieve waste benefit
With.
Summary of the invention
There are problems that survival rate is low, is subject to seasonal restrictions, this hair the period of cutting and seeding and seedling raising length, old stake transplanting
It is bright that a kind of method that the old stake cuttage of plane tree is directly planted is provided.
To achieve the above object of the invention, the embodiment of the present invention uses following technical solution：
A kind of method that the old stake cuttage of plane tree is directly planted, includes the following steps：After cutting strunk, cuttage, cuttage atomizing management and
Field planting；Wherein
The method of the cutting strunk is：Choose the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground >=4cm plane tree trunk or base diameter >=4cm Chinar lateral branch, saw
Intercept the old stake of plane tree, height >=2.5m of the old stake of plane tree；
The method of the cuttage is：By the cuttage section of the old stake of the plane tree immerse rooting agent solution middling speed be stained with 10~
It 40 seconds or immersion 2~8 hours, is inserted into the container for being filled with cutting medium, is placed in cuttage greenhouse；The wherein rooting agent solution
Mass percentage concentration when being stained with for speed is 0.04~0.1%, and it is for speed that the rooting agent solution, which is used for concentration when impregnating,
The 10~20% of concentration when being stained with.
The present invention plants object using the old stake of plane tree as straight, substantially reduces rootage duration；Pass through the control to cuttage process
System can effectively improve the old stake rooting rate of plane tree and rate of taking root, it is demonstrated experimentally that method provided by the invention can be realized 20 days
Start to take root, can be colonized within 30 days, rooting rate is greater than 90%, and the present invention can be achieved burst and take root, every old stake amount of taking root
Greater than 40.It, will not in the case where strict control speed is stained with soaking time due to having been carried out preferably to rooting agent solution concentration
Appearance root-growing agent concentration is excessive and inhibits the phenomenon that take root.The old stake of the plane tree is also possible to the plane tree of nature growth, or saw
The big side shoot met the requirements generated after trunk is cut, the satisfactory timber pile specially cultivated is also possible to.Cuttage section is should
The longer end section of growth time in the old stake of plane tree, soaking depth < 5cm.
Preferably, the time that the speed is stained with is determining according to the lower section diameter of the old stake of the plane tree, lower section diameter <
The speed of 5cm is stained with the time 10~15 seconds, and it is 15~25 seconds that the speed that lower section diameter is 5~8cm, which is stained with the time, lower section diameter > 8cm
Speed be stained with the time be 25~40 seconds.The time for immersing root-growing agent can influence seedling raise period, and the immersion time is longer, and rootage duration is got over
It is short.Speed can be used when the old stake quantity of the plane tree of cuttage is more than 200 plants to be stained with, to improve efficiency；Cuttage amount can adopt when being less than 200
With immersion, manually-operated workload is reduced.Speed should all carry out when being stained with and impregnating in strict accordance with the range of restriction, can not surpass
When, it otherwise will cause notch and absorb excessive root-growing agent and inhibit to take root.Root-growing agent is dissolved with alcohol when immersion, is added water dilute
It releases, then the old stake of the plane tree handled well is put into the solution prepared, is impregnated in preferred soaking time.
Preferably, the cutting medium includes filling substrate and biological organic matter, wherein the bio-feritlizer is sufficiently to send out
The mass ratio of the bio-feritlizer of ferment, the filling substrate and bio-feritlizer is 3~5: 1.The filling substrate includes perlite, grass
At least one of charcoal, vermiculite or river sand；The bio-feritlizer is the bio-matrix that biological organic fertilizer or beneficial bacterium ferment.It is preferred that
Cutting medium the old stake of plane tree can be promoted to take root, improve its rooting rate and take root rate.
Preferably, the bio-feritlizer include at least one of Chinese white poplar, plane tree, paper mulberry or walnut fallen leaves and/
Or deadwood.
Preferably, the beneficial bacterium includes at least one of photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycete or lactic acid bacteria；The fermentation is abundant
Fermentation.
Preferably, at least one in methyl α-naphthyl acetate, gibberellin, heteroauxin or amino acid is contained in the rooting agent solution
Kind.Such as No. ABT1, No. ABT2 or ABT3 root-inducing powder.As handled life in 6 years, lower section diameter 9cm using ABT1 root-inducing powder
The operation of old stake is：After 1 gram of ABT1 root-inducing powder 100ml alcohol or high spirit stirring and dissolving, in processing hardwood cuttings
The dilution of 10 kg of water of Shi Zaijia, old stake is immersed in the solution 2~8 hours.
Preferably, atomizing management is after the cuttage：Every 5~40 minutes primary to the culture greenhouse internal spraying, makes institute
It states the humidity in culture greenhouse and maintains 85~95%, while temperature control is carried out to culture greenhouse, make in the culture greenhouse
Temperature is maintained at 25~30 DEG C.Water-fertilizer integral management is used after cuttage, and fertilizer required for plane tree is dissolved in water, fertilizer
Expect that concentration≤1%, fertilizer enter with water.Fertilizer is generally with the green manure and/or chemical fertilizer of the fresh blade retting of plant, chemical fertilizer such as urea or phosphorus
Sour diammonium.Fresh blade is from deciduous species, such as Chinese white poplar, plane tree, paper mulberry or walnut.Watering time and number according to
It is determined according to the water-retaining property of the temperature of weather, humidity and matrix.1~5 day summer is primary, and spring and autumn 3~10 days primary.
Preferably, the container for being filled with cutting medium is degradable control root container；The degradable control root inside diameter of vessel
It is 6~12 times of the old stake cuttage diameter of section of the plane tree, depth is 1~1.5 times of the degradable control root inside diameter of vessel.
The degradable control root container used in the application can degrade automatically in the soil, and control four wall of root container has a large amount of air holes,
Root system can quickly pass through container extend in the soil of surrounding, simplify transplanting operation, and ensure transplanting after plant survive.
There are 3~5 branches at the top of the trunk or side shoot.The molding speed of tree crown can be accelerated by retaining branch.
Preferably, the field planting is colonized for band container.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, to this
Invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is used only for explaining the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method that the old stake cuttage of plane tree is directly planted is present embodiments provided, following steps are specifically included：
1. cutting strunk
The selection trunk diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground >=4cm, dry height >=2.5m, top have 3~5 branches, do not have branch, stem body pen below top
It straight or rare bending but does not affect the appearance, the plane tree of the scar or saw kerf that dry body is not big grown naturally, or meets above-mentioned
It is required that saw cut the big side shoot generated or the timber pile specially cultivated after trunk, with respective top distance >=2.5 at carrying out saw and cutting,
Obtain the old stake of plane tree.Saw kerf is whole with sharp cutter equating, the branch of old stake side is all removed, and trim top side
Branch, makes to be evenly distributed substantially between each side shoot.
2. cuttage
Build culture greenhouse：The culture greenhouse be semi-underground type greenhouse, canopy high 4.5m, underground 1.5m, ground 3m, wide 5m,
Long 50m respectively stays high 2 meters, wide 1~1.5 meter of gate in north and south.One row's atomizing is installed at the median line of north-south at the top of the greenhouse
Spray head makes atomizing range that can just cover whole greenhouses.Reserved 8 rows put the space of cuttage vessel, and every row top is respectively at 1
Rice, 2 meters of eminences set up twice 6 zinc-plated fixed iron wires.A work road is stayed between every 4 row, the width of work road is 1m.When in canopy
It when temperature is more than 35 degree, opens the door aeration-cooling, culture canopy temperature is made to be maintained at 25~30 DEG C.
Root-growing agent processing：No. ABT1, No. 2 and No. 3 root-inducing powder is made into rooting agent solution respectively, it is true according to the age of branch
Its fixed used rooting agent solution type, the old stake of plane tree more than life in 6 years use ABT1 root-inducing powder, and 4~5 years raw to hang
The old stake of Suzuki uses ABT2 root-inducing powder, uses No. ABT3 or No. 2 root-inducing powders below triennial.
Add water wiring solution-forming, using longer one end of growth time in the old stake section of each plane tree as cuttage end, immerses molten
In liquid, speed is stained with, and immerses solution deep < 5cm, and speed is stained with the time according to the determination of lower section rugosity, and the speed of lower section diameter < 5cm is stained with
Time 10~15 seconds, it was 15~25 seconds that the speed that lower section diameter is 5~8cm, which is stained with the time, and the speed of lower section diameter > 8cm is stained with the time
It is 25~40 seconds.Soaking time is 2~8h.After speed is stained with or is impregnated, the old stake insertion of plane tree is held equipped with the cuttage of cutting medium
In device, fixed trunk.Cutting medium is made of filling substrate and bio-feritlizer, is shown in Table 1.The cuttage vessel used is degradable appearance
Device, internal diameter 80cm, height 50cm, plant is located at the center of container, and chamber wall is equipped with several holes, carries out single basin single pile cuttage,
It is placed in culture greenhouse again.
3. atomizing management after cuttage：
After cuttage, every 5~40 minutes primary to the culture greenhouse internal spraying, maintains the humidity in the culture greenhouse
85~95%, and water membrane is kept on the epidermis of the old stake of the plane tree, while temperature control is carried out to culture greenhouse, make
The culture canopy temperature is maintained at 25~30 DEG C.Water-fertilizer integral management is used after cuttage, by the fresh blade retting of plant
Green manure/or chemical fertilizer (urea or Diammonium phosphate (DAP)) be dissolved in water, concentration of fertilizer≤1%, fertilizer enter with water.Watering time and number
Water-retaining property according to the temperature of weather, humidity and matrix determines.1~5 day summer is primary, and spring and autumn 3~10 days primary.
Start to take root within 20 days or so, root system is covered with whole container within 30 days or so.
Implementation environment is taken exercise after atomizing is taken root：Atomizing number is gradually reduced, is first changed to daily 3~5 times, while implementing soil
Watering, when root system reaches tub wall, no longer atomizing, by watering solve plant needed for moisture, cooling of then leaking informaton, up to the external world
Environment is consistent.Leak informaton 4~5 removal greenhouse two sides plastic clothes of same time-division, until only remaining top plastic cloth.When the leaf newly issued
When piece is no longer wilted at noon, indicates that the old stake adapts to external environment completely, then remove greenhouse and put.
Old stake situation, cuttage operating parameter and the cuttage of each cutting pile, transplanting effect are as shown in table 1.Wherein plane tree
Fallen leaves saccharomycete ferments 15 days in summer to be formed, and plane tree deadwood is fermented 3 months in winter with photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria to be formed.
Biological organic fertilizer is the biological organic fertilizer of Zhou Tian Biotechnology Co., Ltd production.
4. transplanting
Old stake to be transplanted is transported to place is transplanted, nursery stock is fixed in transportational process, guarantees that nursery stock does not shake back and forth, and
Pay attention to protecting trunk and tree crown, avoids collision and damage tree crown, it is ensured that tree crown, trunk are complete.
When field planting, it is not necessary to de- basin；Planting pit is larger than the volume of cuttage vessel；Ensure overground part trunk and ground when field planting
Face is vertical, and notices that the direction of tree crown is consistent.
Tree body is fixed after field planting, shakes it with the wind, to ensure to survive, and is sprinkled profoundly water at once.
The cultivation time of the present embodiment, cultivation period shortened to 1.5~2 years compared with traditional cutting and seeding and seedling raising,
Compared with existing old stake cottage method, taking root, fast, rooting rate is high.And when transplanting not lifting, not packet root, do not need to chop off the head, lopping,
Priming leaf can transplant seedlings completely with complete crown, and absorption root is unaffected, not slow seedling, not only simplifies transplanting process, while also making to plant
Tree is not subject to seasonal restrictions.It can be seen that the method that the old stake cuttage of plane tree provided by the invention is directly planted can significantly reduce production
Cost improves cuttage transplanting speed, and can plant trees in the four seasons, can satisfy in afforestation project and nursery company to fast breeding
The requirement of plane tree.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modification, equivalent replacement or improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method that the old stake cuttage of plane tree is directly planted, which is characterized in that the method specifically includes following steps：Cutting strunk,
Atomizing management and field planting after cuttage, cuttage；Wherein
The method of the cutting strunk is：It chooses the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground >=4cm plane tree trunk or base diameter >=4cm Chinar lateral branch, saw intercepts
To the old stake of plane tree, height >=2.5m of the old stake of plane tree；
The method of the cuttage is：The cuttage section of the old stake of the plane tree is stained with 10~40 seconds in immersion rooting agent solution middling speed
Or impregnate 2~8 hours, it is inserted into the container for being filled with cutting medium, is placed in cuttage greenhouse；Wherein the rooting agent solution is used for
Mass percentage concentration when speed is stained with is 0.04~0.1%, and it is when being stained with for speed that the rooting agent solution, which is used for concentration when impregnating,
The 10~20% of concentration.
2. the method that the old stake cuttage of plane tree according to claim 1 is directly planted, which is characterized in that the time root that the speed is stained with
Determine that the speed of lower section diameter < 5cm is stained with the time 10~15 seconds, lower section diameter according to the lower section diameter of the old stake of the plane tree
For the speed of 5~8cm, to be stained with the time be 15~25 seconds, and it is 25~40 seconds that the speed of lower section diameter > 8cm, which is stained with the time,.
3. the method that the old stake cuttage of plane tree according to claim 1 is directly planted, which is characterized in that the cutting medium includes
Filling substrate and biological organic matter, wherein the biological organic matter is biological organic fertilizer or the bio-feritlizer that sufficiently ferments, it is described
The mass ratio of filling substrate and bio-feritlizer is 3~5: 1；
The filling substrate includes at least one of perlite, turf, vermiculite or river sand；
The bio-feritlizer is the bio-matrix that biological organic fertilizer or beneficial bacterium ferment.
4. the method that the old stake cuttage of plane tree according to claim 3 is directly planted, which is characterized in that the bio-matrix includes
The fallen leaves and/or deadwood of at least one of Chinese white poplar, plane tree, paper mulberry or walnut.
5. the method that the old stake cuttage of plane tree according to claim 3 is directly planted, which is characterized in that the beneficial bacterium includes light
At least one of combined bacteria, saccharomycete or lactic acid bacteria；The fermentation is sufficiently fermentation.
6. the method that the old stake cuttage of plane tree according to claim 1 is directly planted, which is characterized in that in the rooting agent solution
Contain at least one of methyl α-naphthyl acetate, gibberellin, heteroauxin or amino acid.
7. the method that the old stake cuttage of plane tree according to claim 1 is directly planted, which is characterized in that atomizing pipe after the cuttage
Reason is：Every 5~40 minutes are primary to the culture greenhouse internal spraying, make the humidity in the culture greenhouse maintain 85~
95%, while temperature control is carried out to culture greenhouse, so that the culture canopy temperature is maintained at 25~30 DEG C.
8. the method that the old stake cuttage of plane tree according to claim 1 is directly planted, which is characterized in that described to be filled with cutting medium
Container be degradable control root container；The degradable control root inside diameter of vessel is the 6 of the old stake cuttage diameter of section of the plane tree
~12 times, the depth of the degradable control root container is 1~1.5 times of its internal diameter.
9. the method that the old stake cuttage of plane tree according to claim 1 is directly planted, which is characterized in that the plane tree trunk or
There are 3~5 branches at the top of Chinar lateral branch.
10. the method that the old stake cuttage of plane tree according to claim 1 is directly planted, which is characterized in that the field planting is held for band
Device field planting.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810792639.6A CN108848979B (en) | 2018-07-18 | 2018-07-18 | Method for cutting and direct planting of old sycamore piles |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810792639.6A CN108848979B (en) | 2018-07-18 | 2018-07-18 | Method for cutting and direct planting of old sycamore piles |
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| CN110710410A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-01-21 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Cultivation management and shaping method for apocarya |
| CN111096154A (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-05-05 | 山东省法桐研究院 | Method for storing and reversely rooting oriental plane cutting seedling raising strips |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110710410A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-01-21 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Cultivation management and shaping method for apocarya |
| CN111096154A (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-05-05 | 山东省法桐研究院 | Method for storing and reversely rooting oriental plane cutting seedling raising strips |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN108848979B (en) | 2021-06-22 |
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