CN108837101B - 一种治疗失眠的中药膏及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗失眠的中药膏及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种治疗失眠的中药膏及制备方法。由以下重量份数的原料组分制成:夜用中药膏:炒白术20‑30份、山药20‑30份、茯苓20‑30份、炒薏米20‑30份、酸枣仁20‑30份、合欢皮20‑30份、柏子仁20‑30份、炒麦芽20‑30份、炒谷芽20‑30份、珍珠母20‑30份、煅牡蛎20‑30份、芡实20‑30份、元胡20‑30份、灵芝20‑30份、藕节20‑30份、阿胶10‑30份、蜂蜜20‑40份;日用中药膏:炙黄芪20‑30份、党参20‑30份、刺五加20‑30份、葛根20‑30份、柴胡10‑30份、炙甘草20‑30份、蜂蜜20‑40份。提高了治疗失眠的效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药制剂技术领域,具体地说是一种用于治疗失眠的中药膏及制备方法。
背景技术
中医中药是我国5000年文化积累之瑰宝,在清朝以前,国人治病强身均以中草药的各种制剂为主。中医药独特的理论一代代传承,为中华民族生生不息的繁衍和壮大做出了不可磨灭的贡献。
随着经济社会的高速发展,人们的工作和生活方式都发生了重大变化,总体表现为压力增大、节奏紧张,由此引发的精神、心理问题越来越多,其中以睡眠障碍和失眠最多。失眠不仅会形成身体种种不适或痛苦症状,严重者还会引发许多重大疾病,如高血压病、冠心病、脑血管疾病等,甚者由此引发的严重精神疾病还会危及他人和社会安全,已经成为严重影响健康社会发展的重大问题。
上述问题固然可以通过健康教育改变人们的生活方式、增加运动量等方法,在一定程度上减少发生,但是由于种种原因效果有限,药物干预仍然是改变失眠和睡眠障碍现象主要手段。
现有治疗失眠的中成药有两类:一类是镇静安神作用的,另一类是补益养心(脑)作用的。镇静安神类药仅具备助眠功效,没有振奋阳气作用;补益养心(脑)类药是通过补益心脑间接发挥助眠作用,也不具备振奋阳气功效。而失眠的治疗不仅仅需要镇静安神助眠,还需要振奋阳气以达到全面调理睡眠状态的目的,目前中成药均不具备这方面功效,致使安眠效果不理想。
发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种治疗失眠的中药膏及制备方法,本发明针对现有技术存在的缺陷,将安神为主要功效的中药和振奋阳气为主要功效的中药分为夜用中药膏和日用中药膏两类,一天服用,即:晚睡前服用安神镇静的药,即夜用中药膏,养阴安神镇静,引阳入阴助睡眠,并休养阳气,早晨服用振奋阳气的药,即日用中药膏,益气醒神振奋阳气,又休养阴分。采用一天分时分类用药,顺应自然,还阴阳于平衡,还阴阳于各得其所,提高了治疗失眠的效果,而且无药物依赖性,同时因为是从阴阳这种基础层次进行治疗,疗效巩固不反弹。
本发明为实现上述目的,通过以下技术方案实现:一种治疗失眠的中药膏方,其特征在于:由以下重量份数的原料组分制成:
夜用中药膏方:炒白术10-40份、山药10-40份、茯苓10-40份、炒薏米10-40份、酸枣仁10-40份、合欢皮10-40份、柏子仁10-40份、 炒麦芽10-40份、炒谷芽10-40份、珍珠母10-40份、煅牡蛎10-40份、芡实10-40份、元胡10-40份、灵芝10-40份、藕节10-40份、阿胶5-40份、蜂蜜10-50份;
日用中药膏方:炙黄芪10-40份、党参10-40份、刺五加10-40份、葛根10-40份、柴胡5-40份、炙甘草10-40份、蜂蜜10-50份。
一种治疗失眠的中药膏制备方法,其特征在于,步骤如下:
夜用中药膏:
第一步称量:按照配比称取原料组分;
第二步水提取:将阿胶和蜂蜜除外的各原料药组分置水提取罐中,按重量计加入所述原料药的6-10倍量水,煎煮2次,每次煎煮沸腾后蒸汽压力0.03-0.04Mpa,煎煮1-4小时,两次煎煮液合并,滤过成滤液;
第三步浓缩:将滤液置浓缩罐中,浓缩至相对密度为1.01-1.03的清膏,浓缩温度50-100℃;
第四歩收膏:将清膏慢火熬炼,熬至药液浓度黏稠,药液在均匀倒下时成线条状,再将阿胶、蜂蜜放入,文火慢炼收膏至成膏;
第五步包装:将成膏包装机装袋密封,袋体外观颜色须为黑色或深蓝或深绿色,分别用图案、文字注明为夜间睡眠前服用。
日用中药膏:
第一步称量:按照配比称取原料组分;
第二步水提取:将蜂蜜除外的各原料药组分置水提取罐中,按重量计加入原料组分的6-10倍量水,煎煮2次,每次煎煮沸腾后蒸汽压力0.03-0.04Mpa,煎煮1-4小时,两次煎煮液合并,滤过成滤液;
第三步浓缩:将滤液置浓缩罐中,浓缩至相对密度为1.01-1.03的清膏,浓缩温度50-100℃;
第四步收膏:将清膏慢火熬炼,熬至药液浓度黏稠,药液在均匀倒下时成线条状,再将蜂蜜放入,文火慢炼收膏至成膏;
第五步包装:将成膏包装机装袋密封,袋体外观颜色须为白色或浅黄色,分别用图案、文字注明为早晨或上午服用。
本发明的特点是:
1、改变了传统配方及习惯服药方式。
中医学核心理论认为天人合一、阴阳平衡是人体生命、健康的基础,顺应自然、保持平衡是正常生理保证,若阴阳失衡则会产生疾病,失眠就是阴阳失衡所致。正常情况下,自然界白天阳气当令,人体阳气振奋,发挥生理功能,而阴分休养;夜晚自然界阴气当令,人体顺应天然则阳入于阴而眠,阳分休养;再至白天阳出于阴则醒,周而复始。失眠则是夜晚阳不入阴,阳气继续消耗不能得以休养,到白天阳气又不能以充足的状态出于阴而发挥其功能,致使白天不应该当令的阴分继续工作,因而又导致阴分耗伤,而阴分耗伤至晚间又更不能引阳入阴,形成恶性循环,致使失眠病人晚上睡不着、白天没精神。
本发明弥补了现有技术存在的缺陷,将安神为主要功效的中药和振奋阳气为主要功效的中药分为夜用中药膏和日用中药膏两类,一天服用,即:晚睡前服用安神镇静的药,即夜用中药膏,养阴安神镇静,引阳入阴助睡眠,并休养阳气,早晨服用振奋阳气的药,即日用中药膏,益气醒神振奋阳气,使阴分得以休养。采用一天分时分类用药,顺应自然,还阴阳于平衡,还阴阳于各得其所,提高了治疗失眠的效果,而且无药物依赖性,同时因为是从阴阳这种基础层次进行治疗,疗效巩固不反弹。最大限度的发挥治疗失眠的作用,弥补了现有中成药作用单一的不足。
2、改进包装工艺,便于服用。
为方便患者服用,同时也为避免错服、误服,在药物的内外包装上均采取颜色、图案、文字注明的方法,以保证正确服用。具体为:夜用中药膏外包装盒及内包装袋外观颜色须为黑色或深蓝或深绿色,并有代表夜晚的图案,文字注明为夜间睡眠前服用。日用中药膏包装盒及内包装袋外观颜色须为白色或浅黄色,并有代表上午服用的图案、文字注明为上午服用。
上述特殊的包装及服用方法在治疗感冒的西药中已有使用(例如:白加黑,拜耳医药保健有限公司启东分公司),在现有的治疗失眠的中成药、中医膏当中均未见有使用。
中药膏方为中药古代四大剂型之一,本治疗失眠的中药膏,具有疗效确切、副作用小、体积小、疗效高、口感好、用途广泛、携带服用方便、易于长期服用等优点,适于现代人治疗慢病、亚健康状态、养生保健等需要较长时间服用中药又力求舒适的要求。
3、从临床观察结果表明本发明的疗效效果明显。
1)选取参试者200例,男性120例,女性80例,年龄35--50岁。按随机方法分为观察组、对照组,每组100例,男性60例,女性40例。
2)使用方法如下:
观察组服用本发明膏方,夜用中药膏方:每次服20ml,每晚睡前服,服用4周;日用中药膏方:每次服20ml,每日早饭后服,服用4周。
对照组服用常规安神镇静法汤剂,每晚睡前服1次,服用4周。
3)疗效判断
治愈: 用药一个疗程后失眠症状消失;AIS总分<4,PSQI减分率≥60% 。
有效: 用药一个疗程后失眠症状部分消失;AIS总分4-6,PSQI减分率≥30<60% 。
无效:用药一个疗程后失眠症状仍在;AIS总分>6,PSQI减分率<30% 。
4)结果如下表1:
表1b
组别 | 病例数 | 治愈数 | 治愈率 | 有效数 | 有效率 | 无效数 | 总有效率 |
观察组 | 100 | 43 | 43% | 48 | 48% | 9 | 91% |
对照组 | 100 | 15 | 15% | 47 | 47% | 38 | 62% |
(注:AIS=睡眠质量自测量表,PSQI=匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表)
临床疗效结果表明,服用本治疗失眠的中药膏后,失眠得到明显改善,治疗后总有效率和治愈率观察组明显高于对照组。
总之,本发明具有疗效确切、针对性强、组方理念先进、制作工艺与服用方法有创新等特点,作用机制明确,质量可控,成本低,毒副作用小。本发明针对失眠患者、亚健康人群睡眠障碍进行治疗,达到纠正失眠及睡眠障碍的目的。本发明制备方法简单、易于实现。本发明适用人群广泛,且呈逐渐增多之势,具有广阔的社会效益和经济效益。
具体实施方式
一种治疗失眠的中药膏方,由以下重量份数的原料组分制成:
夜用中药膏方:炒白术10-40份、山药10-40份、茯苓10-40份、炒薏米10-40份、酸枣仁10-40份、合欢皮10-40份、柏子仁10-40份、 炒麦芽10-40份、炒谷芽10-40份、珍珠母10-40份、煅牡蛎10-40份、芡实10-40份、元胡10-40份、灵芝10-40份、藕节10-40份、阿胶5-40份、蜂蜜10-50份;
日用中药膏方:炙黄芪10-40份、党参10-40份、刺五加10-40份、葛根10-40份、柴胡5-40份、炙甘草10-40份、蜂蜜10-50份。
一种治疗失眠的中药膏,由以下重量份数的原料组分制成:
夜用中药膏:炒白术20-30份、山药20-30份、茯苓20-30份、炒薏米20-30份、酸枣仁20-30份、合欢皮20-30份、柏子仁20-30份、 炒麦芽20-30份、炒谷芽20-30份、珍珠母20-30份、煅牡蛎20-30份、芡实20-30份、元胡20-30份、灵芝20-30份、藕节20-30份、阿胶10-30份、蜂蜜20-40份;
日用中药膏:炙黄芪20-30份、党参20-30份、刺五加20-30份、葛根20-30份、柴胡10-30份、炙甘草20-30份、蜂蜜20-40份。
本发明的中药膏使用方法如下:
夜用中药膏:每次服20ml,每晚睡前服,服用4周;
日用中药膏:每次服20ml,每日早饭后服用,服用4周。
将上述各组份制成本发明治疗失眠的中药膏制备方法,步骤如下:
夜用中药膏:
第一步称量:按照配比称取原料组分。
第二步水提取:将各原料药组分(阿胶、蜂蜜除外)置水提取罐中,按重量计加入所述原料药的6-10倍量水,煎煮2次,每次煎煮沸腾后蒸汽压力0.03-0.04Mpa,每次煎煮1-4小时,两次煎煮液合并,滤过成滤液。
第三步浓缩:将滤液置浓缩罐中,浓缩至相对密度为1.01-1.03的清膏,浓缩温度50-100℃。
第四歩收膏:将清膏慢火熬炼,熬至药液浓度黏稠,药液在均匀倒下时成线条状,再将阿胶、蜂蜜放入,文火慢炼收膏至成膏。
第五步包装:将成膏用膏包装机装袋密封,袋体外观颜色须为黑色或深蓝、深绿色,分别用图案、文字注明为夜间睡眠前服用。
日用中药膏:
第一步称量:按照配比称取原料组分。
第二步水提取:将各原料药组分(蜂蜜除外)置水提取罐中,按重量计加入原料组分的6-10倍量水,煎煮2次,每次煎煮沸腾后蒸汽压力0.03-0.04Mpa,每次1-4小时,两次煎煮液合并,滤过成滤液。
第三步浓缩:将滤液置浓缩罐中,浓缩至相对密度为1.01-1.03的清膏,浓缩温度50-100℃。
第四步收膏:将清膏慢火熬炼,熬至药液浓度黏稠,药液在均匀倒下时成线条状,再将蜂蜜放入,文火慢炼收膏至成膏。
第五步包装:将成膏用膏包装机装袋密封,袋体外观颜色须为白色或浅黄色,分别用图案、文字注明为早晨或上午服用。
以上组成中,重量是以生药计算的,份为重量份,不同的重量单位可以制成若干个制剂单位的成品制剂,例如以上某种组成可制成药物制剂10-40个制剂单位,所述制剂单位是指制成的成品药物的单位,成品药物可以是固体制剂,也可以是液体制剂,也可以是其他中药剂型。
以上组成可制成1-6次服用剂量的制剂,如作为片剂,制成18片,每次服用剂量3-18片,共可服用1-6次,如作为颗粒剂,制成6袋,共可服用2-3天。
以上组成是按重量份配比的,在生产时可按照相应比例增大或减少,如大规模生产可以以公斤为单位,或以吨为单位,小规模试验生产也可以毫克为单位,重量可以增大或减少,但各组成之间的生药材重量配比的比例不变。
以上重量的配比是经过科学筛选得到的,对于特殊病人,如重症或轻症,肥胖或瘦小的病人,可以相应调整组成的量的配比,增加或减少不超过300%,药效不变。
以上组成中的单味中药,尤其是臣药及佐药,也可以被适当的具有相同药性的中药替换,替换后的中药制剂其药物作用不变。
本发明的治疗失眠的中药膏,是通过将上述配方组成的药物原料经过提取或其它方式加工,制成药物活性物质,随后,以该物质为原料,需要时加入药物可接受的载体,按照制剂学的常规技术制成的,所述活性物质可以通过分别提取植物药原料得到,也可以通过共同提取植物药原料得到,也可以通过其他方式得到,如:粉碎、压榨、煅烧、研磨、过筛、渗漉、萃取、水提、醇提、脂提、层析等方法得到,这些活性物质可以是浸膏形式的物质,可以是干浸膏或流浸膏,根据制剂的不同需要制成不同的浓度。
本发明的治疗失眠的中药膏中的药物活性物质,其在制剂中所占的重量百分比可以是0.1-99.9%,其余为药物可接受的载体。本发明的治疗失眠的中药膏,以单位计量形式存在,所述单位计量形式是指制剂的单位,如茶剂的每袋、片剂的每片、胶囊的每粒、口服液的每瓶、颗粒剂的每袋等。
本发明的治疗失眠的中药膏可以是任何可药用的剂型,这些剂型包括茶剂、片剂、糖衣片剂、薄膜衣片剂、肠溶衣片剂、胶囊剂、硬胶囊剂、软胶囊剂、口服液、口含剂、颗粒剂、冲剂、丸剂、散剂、膏剂、丹剂、混悬剂、粉剂、溶液剂、注射剂、栓剂、软膏剂、硬膏剂、霜剂、喷雾剂、滴剂、贴剂。本发明的制剂,优选的是口服剂型,如膏(膏滋剂)、茶剂、片剂、糖衣片剂、薄膜衣片剂、肠溶衣片剂、胶囊剂、硬胶囊剂、软胶囊剂、口服液、口含剂、颗粒剂、冲剂、散剂等。
本发明的治疗失眠的中药膏,其口服给药的制剂可含有常用的赋形剂,诸如粘合剂、填充剂、稀释剂、压片剂、润滑剂、崩解剂、着色剂、调味剂和湿润剂,必要时可对片剂进行包衣。
适用的填充剂包括纤维素、甘露糖醇、乳糖和其他类似的填充剂。适宜的崩解剂包括淀粉、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和淀粉衍生物,例如羟基乙酸淀粉钠。适宜的润滑剂包括硬脂酸镁。适宜的药物可接受的湿润剂包括十二烷基硫酸钠。
可通过混合、填充、压片等常用的方法制备固体口服组合物。进行反复混合可使活性物质分布在整个使用大量填充剂的那些组合物中。
口服液体制剂的形式,可以是水性或油性悬浮液、溶液、乳剂、糖浆剂或酊剂,或者可以是一种在使用前可用水或其他适宜的载体复配的干燥产品。这种液体制剂可含有常规的添加剂,诸如悬浮剂,例如山梨醇、糖浆、甲基纤维素、明胶、羟乙基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、硬脂酸铝凝胶或氢化食用脂肪,乳化剂,例如卵磷脂、脱水山梨醇-油酸酯或阿拉伯胶,非水性载体(它们可以包括食用油),例如杏仁油、分馏椰子油、丙二醇或乙醇;防腐剂,例如对羟基苯甲酯或对羟基苯甲酸酯或山梨醇,并且如果需要,可含有常规的香味剂或着色剂。
对于注射剂,制备的液体单位剂型含有本发明的活性物质和无菌载体。根据载体和浓度,可以将此化合物悬浮或者溶解。溶液的制备通常是通过将活性物质溶解在一种载体中,再将其装入一种适宜的小瓶或安瓿前过滤消毒,然后密封。辅料例如一种局部麻醉剂、防腐剂和缓冲剂也可以溶解在这种载体中。为了提高其稳定性,可在装入小瓶以后将这种组合物冰冻,并在真空下将水除去。
本发明的治疗失眠的中药膏,在制备成药剂时可选择性的加入适合的药物可接受的载体,所述药物可接受的载体选自:甘露醇、山梨醇、焦亚硫酸钠、亚硫酸氢钠、硫代硫酸钠、盐酸半胱氨酸、巯基乙酸、蛋氨酸、维生素C、EDTA二钠、EDTA钙钠,一价碱金属的碳酸盐、醋酸盐、磷酸盐或其水溶液、盐酸、醋酸、硫酸、磷酸、氨基酸、氯化钠、氯化钾、乳酸钠、木糖醇、麦芽糖、葡萄糖、果糖、右旋糖苷、甘氨酸、淀粉、蔗糖、乳糖、甘露糖醇、硅衍生物、纤维素及其衍生物、藻酸盐、明胶、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、甘油、土温80、琼脂、碳酸钙、碳酸氢钙、表面活性剂、聚乙二醇、环糊精、β 环糊精、磷脂类材料、高岭土、滑石粉、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸镁等。
本发明的治疗失眠的中药膏在使用时根据病人的情况确定用法用量,每日服2次,晚睡前服夜用膏、早餐后服日用膏,每次1-3剂量单位,即20--60克。如制成其他剂型,每次服用2-6剂量单位。
本发明所用药材具有如下特征:
夜用中药膏:
白术:
[别名] 于术、冬术、浙术、种术,[来源] 本品为菊科植物白术Atractylodesmacrocephala Koidz. 的干燥根茎。[性味] 苦、甘,温。[归经] 归脾、胃经。[功能主治] 健脾益气,燥湿利水,止汗。
山药:
[别名]薯蓣、土薯、山薯蓣、怀山药、淮山、白山药[来源]本品为薯蓣科植物薯蓣Dioscorea opposita Thunb. 的干燥根茎。[性味]甘、平。[归经]归脾、肺、肾经。[功能主治]补脾胃,益肺肾。
茯苓:
[别名]茯苓个、茯苓皮、茯苓块、赤茯苓、白茯苓[来源] 本品为多孔菌科真菌茯苓Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf 的干燥菌核。[性味] 甘、淡,平。[归经] 归心、肺、脾、肾经。[功能主治] 利水渗湿,健脾宁心。
薏米:
[别名]薏苡仁、苡仁、六谷子[来源]禾本科多年生草本植物薏米Coix lacryma-jobi L.var.mayuen(Roman.)Stapf的干燥成熟果仁。[性味]甘、淡,微寒。[归经]脾、胃、肺、大肠经。[功能主治]利水渗湿,健脾止泻,除痹,清热排脓。
酸枣仁:
[别名] 枣仁,酸枣核。[来源] 本品为鼠李科植物落叶灌木或乔木酸枣。Zizyphusjujuba Mill var spinosa Hu. 的成熟种子。[性味] 甘,酸,平。[归经] 归心、肝经。[功能主治]养心益肝,安神、敛汗。
合欢皮:
[来源] 本品为豆科(Legumin0sae)植物合欢 Silktree Albizia Bark的干燥树皮。[性味] 甘;平。[归经]归心、肝经。[功能主治]安神解郁,活血,消痈肿。
柏子仁:
[别名] 柏实、柏子、柏仁、侧柏子。[来源] 为柏科植物侧柏Platycladusorientalis(L.)Franco的干燥成熟种仁。[性味]甘,平。[归经]归心、肾、大肠经。[功能主治] 养心安神,润肠通便,止汗。
炒麦芽:
[别名] 大麦芽、大麦糵、麦糵、大麦毛。[来源] 为禾本科植物大麦Hordeurnvulgare L.的成熟果实经发芽干燥的炮制加工品。[性味] 甘,平。[归经]归脾、胃经。[功能主治] 行气消食,健脾开胃,回乳消胀。
炒谷芽:
[别名] 粟芽、蘖米、谷蘖。[来源] 为禾本科植物粟Setaria italica(L.)Beauv.的成熟果实经发芽干燥的炮制加工品。[性味]甘,温。[归经]归脾、胃经。[功能主治] 消食和中,健脾开胃。
珍珠母:
[别名] 珠牡丹、珠母、真珠母、明珠母、蚌壳。[来源] 为蚌科动物三角帆蚌Hyriopsis cumingii(Lea)、褶纹冠蚌Cristaria plicata(Leach)或珍珠贝科动物马氏珍珠贝Pteria martensii(Dunker)的贝壳。[性味] 咸、寒。 [归经] 归肝、心经。 [功能主治]平肝潜阳;安神定惊;清肝明目。
煅牡蛎:
[别名]蛎黄,海蛎子。[来源]本品为牡蛎(ostreagigastnunb)及其近缘动物的全体,取净牡蛎,照明煅法煅至酥脆。[性味]咸、微寒。[归经]归肝、肾经。[功能主治] 收敛固涩,制酸止痛,重镇安神,软坚散结。
芡实:
[别名] 鸡头米、卵菱、鸡瘫、鸡头实、雁喙实、鸡头、雁头、乌头、鸿头、水流黄、水鸡头、刺莲蓬实、刀芡实、鸡头果、苏黄、黄实。[来源] 为睡莲科植物芡Euryale feroxSalisb.的干燥成熟种仁。[性味] 味甘、涩,性平。[归经]归脾、肾经。[功能主治] 益肾固精,补脾止泻,除湿止带。
元胡:
[别名] 延胡索、玄胡。[来源] ,为罂粟科紫堇属多年生草本植物的根与根茎类。[性味] 辛、苦,温。[归经]归心、脾、肝、肺经。[功能主治] 活血化瘀、行气止痛。
灵芝:
[别名] 赤芝、红芝、丹芝、瑞草、木灵芝、菌灵芝、万年蕈、灵芝草、林中灵、琼珍。[来源] 是多孔菌科植物灵芝Ganoderma Lucidum(Leyss.ex.Fr)Karst.或紫芝G.japonicum(Fr)Lloyd的子实体。[性味]甘、微苦、微温。[归经]归心、脾、肺、肝、肾经。[功能主治]养心安神,补气益血,止咳平喘。
藕节:
[别名] 藕节巴。[来源] 为睡莲科植物莲Nelumbo nucifera Gaerth.的干燥根茎节部。[性味] 甘、涩,平。 [归经]归肺、肝、胃经。[功能主治] 收敛止血,化瘀。
阿胶:
[别名] 傅致胶,盆覆胶,驴皮胶。[来源] 本品为马科动物驴的皮去毛后熬制而成的胶块。[性味] 味甘,平。[归经]归入肺、肝、肾经。[功能主治] 滋阴补血,安胎。
蜂蜜:
[别名]石蜜、石饴、食蜜、蜜、白蜜、白沙蜜、蜜糖、沙蜜、蜂糖。 [来源]为蜜蜂科动物中华密蜂或意大利蜜蜂所酿的蜜糖。Apis cerana Fabr2.Apis mellifera L. [性味]甘,平[归经]归 脾、胃、肺、大肠经。 [功能主治] 调补脾胃;缓急止痛;润肺止咳;润肠通便;润肤生肌;解毒。
本发明所用药材具有如下特征:
日用中药膏:
黄芪:
[别名] 棉芪,黄耆,独椹,蜀脂,百本,百药棉,黄参,血参,人衔。[来源]为蝶形花科黄芪属多年生草本植物黄芪Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge茎叶。[性味]甘,微温。[归经] 归肺、脾、肝、肾经。[功能主治]补气升阳,益卫固表,托毒生肌,利水消肿。
党参:
[别名] 防风党参、黄参、防党参、上党参、狮头参、中灵草、黄党。[来源]为桔梗科党参属,多年生草本植物党参,Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. 的根。[性味]甘,平。[归经]归肺、脾。[功能主治]补中益气。
刺五加:
[别名] 刺拐棒、坎拐棒子、一百针、老虎潦。[来源]五加科五加属多年生草本植物刺五加Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. Maxim.) Harms的叶。[性味] 辛,温。[归经]肝、肾经。[功能主治] 益气健脾、补肾安神。
葛根:
[别名]葛条,甘葛,葛藤[来源] 为豆科多年生落叶藤本植物野葛Puerarialobata(Willd)Ohwi的干燥根,[性味]甘、辛、凉。[归经] 归脾、胃经。[功能主治] 发表解肌,升阳透疹,解热生津。
柴胡:
[别名] 地熏、山菜、菇草、柴草。[来源] 为伞形科植物柴胡或狭叶柴胡的干燥根。[性味] 苦、微寒。[归经] 归肝、胆经。[功能主治] 和解表里,疏肝升阳
甘草:
[别名]国老、甜草、乌拉尔甘草、甜根子。[来源] 本品为豆科、甘草属多年生草本植物Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.的根茎。[性味] 甘、平。[归经] 归心、肺、脾、胃经。[功能主治]益气补中,清热解毒,祛痰止咳,缓急止疼,缓和药性。
蜂蜜:
[别名]石蜜、石饴、食蜜、蜜、白蜜、白沙蜜、蜜糖、沙蜜、蜂糖。 [来源]为蜜蜂科动物中华密蜂或意大利蜜蜂所酿的蜜糖。Apis cerana Fabr2.Apis mellifera L. [性味]甘,平[归经]归 脾、胃、肺、大肠经。 [功能主治] 调补脾胃;缓急止痛;润肺止咳;润肠通便;润肤生肌;解毒。
通过以下具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明,但不作为对本发明的限制。
实施例1、一种治疗失眠的中药膏,由以下重量份数的原料组分制成:
夜用中药膏:炒白术10-40份、山药10-40份、茯苓10-40份、炒薏米10-40份、酸枣仁10-40份、合欢皮10-40份、柏子仁10-40份、 炒麦芽10-40份、炒谷芽10-40份、珍珠母10-40份、煅牡蛎10-40份、芡实10-40份、元胡10-40份、灵芝10-40份、藕节10-40份、阿胶5-40份、蜂蜜10-50份。
日用中药膏:炙黄芪10-40份、党参10-40份、刺五加10-40份、葛根10-40份、柴胡5-40份、炙甘草10-40份、蜂蜜10-50份。
一种治疗失眠的中药膏制备方法,步骤如下:
夜用中药膏:
第一步称量:按照配比称取原料组分。
第二步水提取:将各原料药组分(阿胶、蜂蜜除外)置水提取罐中,按重量计加入所述原料药的6-10倍量水,煎煮2次,每次煎煮沸腾后蒸汽压力0.03-0.04Mpa,每次煎煮1-4小时,两次煎煮液合并,滤过成滤液。
第三步浓缩:将滤液置浓缩罐中,浓缩至相对密度为1.01-1.03的清膏,浓缩温度50-100℃。
第四歩收膏:将清膏慢火熬炼,熬至药液浓度黏稠,药液在均匀倒下时成线条状,再将阿胶、蜂蜜放入,文火慢炼收膏至成膏。
第五步包装:将成膏用包装机装袋密封,袋体外观颜色须为黑色或深蓝、深绿色,分别用图案、文字注明为夜间睡眠前服用。
日用中药膏:
第一步称量:按照配比称取原料组分。
第二步水提取:将各原料药组分(蜂蜜除外)置水提取罐中,按重量计加入原料组分的6-10倍量水,煎煮2次,每次煎煮沸腾后蒸汽压力0.03-0.04Mpa,每次1-4小时,两次煎煮液合并,滤过成滤液。
第三步浓缩:将滤液置浓缩罐中,浓缩至相对密度为1.01-1.03的清膏,浓缩温度50-100℃。
第四步收膏:将清膏慢火熬炼,熬至药液浓度黏稠,药液在均匀倒下时成线条状,再将蜂蜜放入,文火慢炼收膏至成膏。
第五步包装:将成膏用包装机装袋密封,袋体外观颜色须为白色或浅黄色,分别用图案、文字注明为早晨或上午服用。
实施例2、一种治疗失眠的中药膏,由以下重量份数的原料组分制成:
夜用中药膏:炒白术10份、山药10份、茯苓10份、炒薏米10份、酸枣仁10份、合欢皮10份、柏子仁10份、 炒麦芽10份、炒谷芽10份、珍珠母10份、煅牡蛎10份、芡实10份、元胡10份、灵芝10份、藕节10份、阿胶5份、蜂蜜10份;
日用中药膏:炙黄芪10份、党参10份、刺五加10份、葛根10份、柴胡5份、炙甘草10份、蜂蜜10份。
本发明的治疗失眠的中药膏的制备方法,按照实施例1的制备方法制备。
实施例3、一种治疗失眠的中药膏,由以下重量份数的原料组分制成:
夜用中药膏:炒白术30份、山药30份、茯苓30份、炒薏米30份、酸枣仁20份、合欢皮20份、柏子仁20份、 炒麦芽20份、炒谷芽20份、珍珠母15份、煅牡蛎15份、芡实20份、元胡10份、灵芝15份、藕节15份、阿胶5份、蜂蜜30份;
日用中药膏:炙黄芪30份、党参20份、刺五加15份、葛根10份、柴胡5份、炙甘草20份、蜂蜜30份。
本发明的治疗失眠的中药膏的制备方法,按照实施例1的制备方法制备。
实施例4、一种治疗失眠的中药膏,由以下重量份数的原料组分制成:
夜用中药膏:炒白术40份、山药40份、茯苓40份、炒薏米40份、酸枣仁40份、合欢皮40份、柏子仁40份、 炒麦芽40份、炒谷芽40份、珍珠母40份、煅牡蛎40份、芡实40份、元胡40份、灵芝40份、藕节40份、阿胶40份、蜂蜜50份。
日用中药膏:炙黄芪40份、党参40份、刺五加40份、葛根40份、柴胡40份、炙甘草40份、蜂蜜50份。
本发明的治疗失眠的中药膏的制备方法,按照实施例1的制备方法制备。
实施例5、一种治疗失眠的中药膏,由以下重量份数的原料组分制成:
夜用中药膏:炒白术15份、山药15份、茯苓15份、炒薏米15份、酸枣仁15份、合欢皮15份、柏子仁15份、 炒麦芽15份、炒谷芽15份、珍珠母15份、煅牡蛎15份、芡实15份、元胡15份、灵芝15份、藕节15份、阿胶10份、蜂蜜15份。
日用中药膏:炙黄芪10份、党参30份、刺五加10份、葛根40份、柴胡5份、炙甘草40份、蜂蜜10份。
本发明的治疗失眠的中药膏的制备方法,按照实施例1的制备方法制备。
实施例6、一种治疗失眠的中药膏,由以下重量份数的原料组分制成:
夜用中药膏:炒白术35份、山药35份、茯苓35份、炒薏米35份、酸枣仁35份、合欢皮35份、柏子仁35份、 炒麦芽35份、炒谷芽35份、珍珠母35份、煅牡蛎35份、芡实35份、元胡35份、灵芝35份、藕节35份、阿胶35份、蜂蜜45份。
日用中药膏:炙黄芪35份、党参35份、刺五加35份、葛根35份、柴胡35份、炙甘草35份、蜂蜜45份。
本发明的治疗失眠的中药膏的制备方法,按照实施例1的制备方法制备。
实施例1中治疗失眠的中药膏的制备方法,也可以根据需要制备成其它常用剂型。
以上以实施例3为最佳实施方案。
通过以下实验进一步说明本发明的治疗失眠的中药膏的治疗效果。
以下对用上述治疗失眠的中药膏用于失眠人群的临床应用加以说明。
结果显示该治疗失眠的中药膏是用于失眠人群的有效而安全的内服药物制剂。
选取参试者200例,男性120例,女性80例,年龄35--50岁。按随机方法分为观察组、对照组,每组100例,男性60例,女性40例。
使用方法如下:
观察组服用本发明膏,夜用中药膏:每次服20ml,每晚睡前服,服用4周;日用中药膏:每次服20ml,每日早饭后服,服用4周。
对照组服用常规安神镇静法汤剂,每晚睡前服1次,服用4周。
观察患者失眠、头晕、倦怠乏力,心悸, 盗汗,舌苔少,脉沉少力等诸项指标的治疗前后变化情况,结果显示:
1)两组治疗后症状积分恢复为0分-1分的例数、百分比结果见表2
表2
失眠(%) | 头晕(%) | 倦怠(%) | 心悸(%) | 盗汗(%) | |
观察组(例) | 80(80) | 90(90) | 82(82) | 82(82) | 79(79) |
对照组(例) | 45(45) | 51(51) | 63(63) | 57(57) | 66(66) |
2)两组治疗后总疗效比较见表3
表3
组别 | 病例数 | 治愈数 | 治愈率 | 有效数 | 有效率 | 无效数 | 总有效率 |
观察组 | 100 | 32 | 32% | 56 | 56% | 12 | 88% |
对照组 | 100 | 17 | 17% | 52 | 52% | 31 | 69% |
以上各项指标观察组与对照组比较,其治疗失眠的中药膏的各项指标和临床疗效均优于对照药,治疗后病人各项指标和症状改善情况明显优于同类药物。
h)典型病例
病例1:某艳,女,35岁,天津市人。就诊登记号2445918。主诉:失眠。患者近半年来失眠,入睡困难,头晕,心悸,气短,倦怠乏力,食少嗳气频作,受凉明显,大便粘腻,舌红苔白少,脉沉少力。服用本发明膏,日用中药膏:每次服20ml,每晚睡前服,服用4周;夜用中药膏:每次服20ml,每日早饭后12小时服。服用4周。失眠缓解,睡眠佳,入睡快,睡眠质量高,头晕,心悸,气短,倦怠乏力均缓解,唯食欲仍差,舌红苔白渐润,脉已有力。ASI指数、PSQI指数均明显减少。
病例2:李某,男,40岁,天津市人。就诊登记号3038724。主诉失眠自汗出数月余。主要表现:失眠,入睡难,易醒,醒后难再眠,梦多,自汗出多,头晕,倦怠乏力,胸闷气短,脘痞纳呆,舌红少苔白,脉沉细而滑。服用本发明膏,日用中药膏:每次服20ml,每晚睡前服,服用4周;夜用中药膏:每次服20ml,每日早饭后12小时服。服用4周。自觉症状基本消失,睡眠好,质量高,醒后精神好,ASI指数、PSQI指数均明显好转。
Claims (3)
1.一种治疗失眠的中药膏,其特征在于:由以下重量份数的原料组分制成:
夜用中药膏:炒白术20-30份、山药20-30份、茯苓20-30份、炒薏米20-30份、酸枣仁20-30份、合欢皮20-30份、柏子仁20-30份、 炒麦芽20-30份、炒谷芽20-30份、珍珠母20-30份、煅牡蛎20-30份、芡实20-30份、元胡20-30份、灵芝20-30份、藕节20-30份、阿胶10-30份、蜂蜜20-40份;
日用中药膏:炙黄芪20-30份、党参20-30份、刺五加20-30份、葛根20-30份、柴胡10-30份、炙甘草20-30份、蜂蜜20-40份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗失眠的中药膏,其特征在于:由以下重量份数的原料组分制成:
夜用中药膏:炒白术30份、山药30份、茯苓30份、炒薏米30份、酸枣仁20份、合欢皮20份、柏子仁20份、 炒麦芽20份、炒谷芽20份、珍珠母15份、煅牡蛎15份、芡实20份、元胡10份、灵芝15份、藕节15份、阿胶5份、蜂蜜30份;
日用中药膏:炙黄芪30份、党参20份、刺五加15份、葛根10份、柴胡5份、炙甘草20份、蜂蜜30份。
3.一种采用权利要求1或2所述的治疗失眠的中药膏制备方法,其特征在于,步骤如下:
夜用中药膏:
第一步称量:按照配比称取原料组分;
第二步水提取:将阿胶和蜂蜜除外的各原料药组分置水提取罐中,按重量计加入所述原料药的6-10倍量水,煎煮2次,每次煎煮沸腾后蒸汽压力0.03-0.04Mpa,煎煮1-4小时,两次煎煮液合并,滤过成滤液;
第三步浓缩:将滤液置浓缩罐中,浓缩至相对密度为1.01-1.03的清膏,浓缩温度50-100℃;
第四歩收膏:将清膏慢火熬炼,熬至药液浓度黏稠,药液在均匀倒下时成线条状,再将阿胶、蜂蜜放入,文火慢炼收膏至成膏;
第五步包装:将成膏包装机装袋密封,袋体外观颜色须为黑色或深蓝或深绿色,分别用图案、文字注明为夜间睡眠前服用;
日用中药膏:
第一步称量:按照配比称取原料组分;
第二步水提取:将蜂蜜除外的各原料药组分置水提取罐中,按重量计加入原料组分的6-10倍量水,煎煮2次,每次煎煮沸腾后蒸汽压力0.03-0.04Mpa,煎煮1-4小时,两次煎煮液合并,滤过成滤液;
第三步浓缩:将滤液置浓缩罐中,浓缩至相对密度为1.01-1.03的清膏,浓缩温度50-100℃;
第四步收膏:将清膏慢火熬炼,熬至药液浓度黏稠,药液在均匀倒下时成线条状,再将蜂蜜放入,文火慢炼收膏至成膏;
第五步包装:将成膏包装机装袋密封,袋体外观颜色须为白色或浅黄色,分别用图案、文字注明为早晨或上午服用。
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