CN103656199B - 一种治疗肾阴不足证型咳嗽的中药 - Google Patents
一种治疗肾阴不足证型咳嗽的中药 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗肾阴不足证型咳嗽的中药，其特征在于由以下重量配比的药材制成的：熟地黄30份、山茱萸20份、五加皮10份、山药30份、茯苓30份、半夏15份、肉桂6份、泽泻10份、五味子15份、苏子10份、炒苦杏仁10份、炒远志10份、炒酸枣仁30份、黄精15份、桑椹子15份、女贞子15份。本发明采用适宜的药材及其配比，各药材之间相互配合，协同作用，所制成的中药具有补益肝肾、滋阴降火、利咽止咳的功效，能有效治疗肾阴不足证型咳嗽，四年来，通过对200名患者的使用表明，有效率达92%，愈后不再复发。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药，特别是一种用于治疗肾阴不足证型咳嗽的中药。
背景技术
咳嗽是因外感六淫，脏腑内伤，影响于肺所致有声有痰之证。因外邪犯肺，或脏腑内伤，累及于肺所致。咳嗽的病因，一是外感六淫之邪；二是脏腑之病气，均可引起肺气不清失于宣肃，迫气上逆而作咳。脏腑内伤而致的咳嗽有多种，如：痰湿蕴肺、痰热郁肺、肝气郁结、肾阴不足、肺脾两虚等证型的咳嗽。目前治疗咳嗽的方法有多种，如西医治疗、中医治疗，而采用最多的方式就是西医的抗生素治疗，滥用抗生素会对患者尤其是是儿童产生诸多不利的副作用，中医治疗是安全有效的治疗方法，目前，中药治疗咳嗽的中成药有许多种，但还没有一种针对肺阴亏虚证型咳嗽而施治的中药。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种治疗肾阴不足证型咳嗽的中药。通过选择合适的药材及其配比，达到安全有效治愈肾阴不足证型咳嗽的目的。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：一种治疗肾阴不足证型咳嗽的中药，其特征在于由以下重量配比的药材制成的：
熟地黄30份、山茱萸20份、五加皮10份、山药30份、茯苓30份、半夏15份、肉桂6份、泽泻10份、五味子15份、苏子10份、炒苦杏仁10份、炒远志10份、炒酸枣仁30份、黄精15份、桑椹子15份、女贞子15份。
本发明的上述配方中各药材的来源及主治功能如下：
熟地黄【来源】 本品为玄参科植物地黄Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. 的新鲜或干燥块根。熟地黄为生地黄的炮制加工品。【性味】 甘，微温。【归经】 归肝、肾经。【功能主治】 滋阴补血，益精填髓。用于肝肾阴虚，腰膝酸软，骨蒸潮热，盗汗遗精，内热消渴，血虚萎黄，心悸怔忡，月经不调，崩漏下血，眩晕，耳鸣，须发早白。
山茱萸【来源】 本品为山茱萸科植物山茱萸Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc. 的干燥成熟果肉。【性味】 酸、涩，微温。【归经】 归肝、肾经。【功能主治】 补益肝肾，涩精固脱。用于眩晕耳鸣，腰膝酸痛，阳痿遗精，遗尿尿频，崩漏带下，大汗虚脱。内热消渴。
五加皮【来源】 本品为五加科植物细柱五加Acanthopanax gracilistylus W.W. Smith的干燥根皮。【性味】 辛、苦，温。【归经】 归肝、肾经。【功能主治】 祛风湿，补肝肾，强筋骨。用于风湿痹痛，筋骨痿软，小儿行迟，体虚乏力，水肿，脚气。
山药【来源】 本品为薯蓣科植物薯蓣Dioscorea opposita Thunb. 的干燥根茎。【性味】 甘，平。【归经】 归脾、肺、肾经。【功能主治】 补脾养胃，生津益肺，补肾涩精。用于脾虚食少，久泻不止，肺虚喘咳，肾虚遗精，带下，尿频，虚热消渴。
茯苓【来源】 本品为多孔菌科真菌茯苓 Poria cocos （Schw.） Wolf 的干燥菌核。【性味】 甘、淡，平。【归经】 归心、肺、脾、肾经。【功能主治】 利水渗湿，健脾宁心。用于水肿尿少，痰饮眩悸，脾虚食少，便溏泄泻，心神不安，惊悸失眠。
半夏【来源】 本品为天南星科植物半夏Pinellia ternata （Thunb.） Breit. 的干燥块茎。【性味】 辛，温；有毒。【归经】 归脾、胃、肺经。【功能主治】 燥湿化痰，降逆止呕，消痞散结。用于痰多咳喘，痰饮眩悸，风痰眩晕，痰厥头痛，呕吐反胃，胸脘痞闷，梅核气；生用外治痈肿痰核。
肉桂【来源】 本品为樟科植物肉桂Cinnamomum cassia Presl 的干燥树皮。【性味】 辛、甘，大热。【归经】 归肾、脾、心、肝经。
【功能主治】 补火助阳，引火归源，散寒止痛，活血通经。用于阳痿，宫冷，腰膝冷痛，肾虚作喘，阳虚眩晕，目赤咽痛，心腹冷痛，虚寒吐泻，寒疝，奔豚，经闭，痛经。
泽泻【来源】 本品为泽泻科植物泽泻Alisma orientalis （Sam.）Juzep.的干燥块茎。【性味】 甘，寒。【归经】 归肾、膀胱经。
【功能主治】 利小便，清湿热。用于小便不利，水肿胀满，泄泻尿少，痰饮眩晕，热淋涩痛；高血脂。
五味子【来源】 本品为木兰科植物五味子Schisandra chinensis （Turcz.）Baill.或华中五味子Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wils.的干燥成熟果实。【性味】 酸、甘，温。【归经】 归肺，心、肾经。【功能主治】 收敛固涩，益气生津，补肾宁心。用于久嗽虚喘，梦遗滑精，遗尿尿频，久泻不止，自汗，盗汗，津伤口渴，短气脉虚，内热消渴，心悸失眠。
苏子【来源】本品为唇形科植物紫苏 Perilla frutescens （L.） Britt.的干燥成熟果实。【性味】辛，温。【归经】归肺、大肠经。【功能主治】降气消痰，止咳平喘，润肠通便。用于痰壅气逆，咳嗽气喘，肠燥便秘。
炒苦杏仁【来源】 本品为蔷薇科植物山杏（苦杏）Prunus armeniaca L. var. ansu Maxim.、西伯利亚杏（山杏）Prunus sibirica L.、东北杏Prunus mandshurica （Maxim.）Koehne或杏Prunus armeniaca L.的干燥成熟种子。炒苦杏仁：取燀苦杏仁，照清炒法炒至黄色。用时捣碎。【性味】 苦，微温；有小毒。【归经】 归肺、大肠经。【功能主治】 降气止咳平喘，润肠通便。用于咳嗽气喘，胸满痰多，血虚津枯，肠燥便秘。
炒远志【来源】 本品为远志科植物远志Polygala tenuifolia Willd.或卵叶远志Polygala sibirica L. 的干燥根。制远志：取甘草，加适量水煎汤，去渣，加入净远志，用文火煮至汤吸尽，取出，干燥。【性味】 苦、辛、温。【归经】 归心、肾、肺经。【功能主治】 安神益智，祛痰，消肿。用于心肾不交引起的失眠多梦，健忘惊悸，神志恍惚，咳痰不爽，疮疡肿毒，乳房肿痛。
炒酸枣仁【来源】 本品为鼠李科植物酸枣Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. spinosa （Bunge）Hu ex H.F.Chou的干燥成熟种子。炒酸枣仁取净酸枣仁，照清炒法炒至鼓起，色微变深。【性味】 甘、酸，平。
【归经】 归肝、胆、心经。【功能主治】 补肝，宁心，敛汗，生津。用于虚烦不眠，惊悸多梦，体虚多汗，津伤口渴。
黄精【来源】 本品为百合科植物滇黄精Polygonatum kingianum Coll.et Hemsl.、黄精Polygonatum sibiricum Red.或多花黄精Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua 的干燥根茎。【性味】 甘，平。【归经】 归脾、肺、肾经。【功能主治】 补气养阴，健脾，润肺，益肾。用于脾胃虚弱，体倦乏力，口干食少，肺虚燥咳，精血不足，内热消渴。
桑椹子【来源】为桑科落叶乔木桑树的成熟果实。【性味】味甘，性寒。【归经】入心、肝、肾经。【功能主治】滋阴补血，明目生津，润肠。用于久病体虚，肝肾阴亏，腰膝酸软，目暗耳鸣，关节不利，肠燥便秘，津亏血少，潮热遗精，糖尿病等。
女贞子【来源】为木犀科植物女贞Ligustrum Iucidum Ait. 的果实。【性味】性凉，味甘、苦。【功能主治】滋补肝肾，明目乌发。用于眩晕耳鸣，腰膝酸软、须发早白、目暗不明。
肾阴不足咳嗽证候为干咳无痰，或痰少而粘，不易咯出，口渴咽干，喉痒声嘶，手足心热，或咳嗽带血，午后潮热，舌红少苔，脉细数。分析：肾为先天之本，肾阴不足，而致正虚邪恋，肺阴受损。肾阴不足则内热，故见午后潮热，手足心热，热伤肺络，见咳嗽带血；阴液受伤，无以上承，故口渴咽干；阴虚生燥，见干咳无痰，喉痒声嘶。治法：补益肝肾，滋阴降火，利咽止咳。本发明采用适宜的药材及其配比，各药材之间相互配合，协同作用，所制成的中药具有补益肝肾、滋阴降火、利咽止咳的功效，能有效治疗肾阴不足证型咳嗽，四年来，通过对200名患者的使用表明，有效率达92%，愈后不再复发。
下面结合临床实验数据说明本发明的有益效果：
1、一般资料
发明人2009年5月-2012年5月间共收集了300例肾阴不足证型咳嗽门诊患者，其中，男162例，女138例，年龄28-60岁，病情15天-2个月。随机分为：治疗组200例，对照组100例。两组年龄等资料无显著性差异，具有可比性。
2、试验方法
2.1对照组服用百合固金汤，按照说明书服用。疗程10天。
2.2治疗组口服本发明按照具体实施例1制得的胶囊，早、晚各一次。疗程6天。
3、疗效标准及治疗结果
3.1疗效标准：
痊愈：肾阴不足证型咳嗽的临床症状全部消失。好转：肾阴不足证型咳嗽的临床症状减轻，病情得到控制。无效：临床症状无明显好转或加重。
3.2治疗统计结果见表1。
表1 两组疗效比较
| 组别 | n | 痊愈 | 好转 | 无效 | 总有效率（%） |
| 治疗组 | 200 | 123 | 61 | 16 | 92% |
| 对照组 | 100 | 38 | 42 | 20 | 80% |
由此可见，采用本发明的组方制得的药物能够安全有效治疗肾阴不足证型咳嗽。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解与实施本发明，下面结合具体实施例进一步说明本发明。
具体实施例1
称取熟地黄30克、山茱萸20克、五加皮10克、山药30克、茯苓30克、半夏15克、肉桂6克、泽泻10克、五味子15克、苏子10克、炒苦杏仁10克、炒远志10克、炒酸枣仁30克、黄精15克、桑椹子15克、女贞子15克，加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；滤渣加6倍量水，煎煮1小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩，干燥，装入胶囊壳，即得符合正常成人1天用量的胶囊剂。
用于治疗肾阴不足证型咳嗽。口服，每日分早、中、晚三次服用。
具体实施例2
称取熟地黄30克、山茱萸20克、五加皮10克、山药30克、茯苓30克、半夏15克、肉桂6克、泽泻10克、五味子15克、苏子10克、炒苦杏仁10克、炒远志10克、炒酸枣仁30克、黄精15克、桑椹子15克、女贞子15克，加10倍量水，煎煮2小时，过滤；滤渣加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩，干燥，包装，即得符合正常成人1天用量的散剂。
用于治疗肾阴不足证型咳嗽。口服，每日分早、中、晚三次服用。
具体实施例3
称取熟地黄30克、山茱萸20克、五加皮10克、山药30克、茯苓30克、半夏15克、肉桂6克、泽泻10克、五味子15克、苏子10克、炒苦杏仁10克、炒远志10克、炒酸枣仁30克、黄精15克、桑椹子15克、女贞子15克，加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；滤渣加6倍量水，煎煮1小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩，干燥，按照本领域常规工艺制粒，包装，即得符合正常成人1天用量的颗粒剂。
用于治疗肾阴不足证型咳嗽。口服，每日分早、中、晚三次服用。
Claims (1)
1.一种治疗肾阴不足证型咳嗽的中药，其特征在于由以下重量配比的药材制成的：熟地黄30份、山茱萸20份、五加皮10份、山药30份、茯苓30份、半夏15份、肉桂6份、泽泻10份、五味子15份、苏子10份、炒苦杏仁10份、炒远志10份、炒酸枣仁30份、黄精15份、桑椹子15份、女贞子15份。
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