CN108834881A - A kind of red skin onion selection of high-quality - Google Patents
A kind of red skin onion selection of high-quality Download PDFInfo
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- CN108834881A CN108834881A CN201810915009.3A CN201810915009A CN108834881A CN 108834881 A CN108834881 A CN 108834881A CN 201810915009 A CN201810915009 A CN 201810915009A CN 108834881 A CN108834881 A CN 108834881A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
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- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of red skin onion selections of high-quality, the described method comprises the following steps：The first step, breeding hybrid parent, 1) female parent inbred line breeding：Classified according to onion characteristic, choose a variety of parent's onion seeds that each characteristic represents, and its wet seed carries out mutation induced by laser to parent material onion, the elite plant strain after selecting mutagenesis is as maternal resource set；2) male parent inbred line breeding：Individual plant selfing, the stable homozygous male parent self-mating system of M8003 line cultivation are carried out from the onion resource of various trait, and carries out Identification of Comprehensive Characters, select excellent male parent self-mating system as male parent resource set；Second step, crossbreeding；The red skin onion selection of high-quality of the invention, has obtained that Mid-late ripening, yield are high, acid is strong, plant shape is compact, Early bolting rate is low, storage property is good, cold-resistant, drought-resistant, quality is good, and per mu yield is the onion new varieties of 7000kg~9000kg.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of red skin onion selections of high-quality, belong to onion breeding technique field.
Background technique
Onion is a kind of with food therapy value and health vegetables full of nutrition, referred to as vegetables queen, is especially existed
Reducing blood lipid, treatment of vascular hardening and hypertension, anti-diabetic, anticancer, anti-aging etc. are recognized and are received by consumer；Ocean
Allium produces area and occupies third position (potato first, tomato the second) in worldwide vegetable；It is counted according to FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation),
Whole world onion cultivated area is 306.95 ten thousand hectares, and yield is 5343.3 ten thousand tons；China's onion cultivated area and yield occupy
First place in the world accounts for nearly the 1/3 of world's cultivated area and yield；In recent years, by investigation to market and with the research of associate organization,
Discovery is inquired into analysis, and purple skin onion fresh vegetable market sales volume increases year by year, and domestic demand potentiality are very big.However, onion production exists
Some problems gradually display：First is that excellent variety is few, the kind in production is mostly conventional kind, low output, poor quality,
Disease resistance, resistance, storage property be not high；Second is that foreign exchange earning kind is mostly external introduced variety, seed price is high, and management requires
Strictly；Third is that industrialization level is low, kind is at random, and plantation level is low；Four are a lack of efficient mated technology, it is difficult to realize efficient
The road of modern agricultural development；And mainly there are three aspects for the not high reason of onion breeding level：First is that onion belongs to biennial work
Object, needs three year from seed to seed, and growth cycle is long；Second is that onion belongs to external introduced variety, lack the germplasm of breeding
Resource；Third is that onion is larger in national cultivated area, but plants dispersion, breeding attention degree is inadequate.
Existing onion breeding mostly uses greatly traditional selection, due to introducing a fine variety extensively, from numerous, breeding technique is lack of standardization
Variet complexity, kind sexual involution, individual uniformity is poor and resistance is poor etc. causing；Therefore, in order to meet the market demand, it would be highly desirable to study one
The new onion selection of kind.Laser mutation breeding is to use laser as a kind of mutation breeding of Mutagenesis factor, operation
Simply, the breeding time limit is short, and the selection identification of 3~4 generations can carry out regional testing generally after mutagenesis, shortens 3~4 than crossbreeding
Year, laser mutation breeding method and cross breeding method structure are proposed a kind of red skin onion breeding of high-quality by the present invention
Method.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, obtaining Mid-late ripening the invention proposes a kind of red skin onion selection of high-quality, producing
Amount is high, acid is strong, plant shape is compact, Early bolting rate is low, storage property is good, cold-resistant, drought-resistant, quality is good, and per mu yield is
The onion new varieties of 7000kg~9000kg.
The red skin onion selection of high-quality of the invention, the described method comprises the following steps：
It the described method comprises the following steps：
The first step, breeding hybrid parent,
1) maternal inbred line breeding：Classified according to onion characteristic, chooses several parent's onion seed that each characteristic represents
Son, and its wet seed carries out mutation induced by laser to parent material onion, the elite plant strain after selecting mutagenesis is as maternal resource set；
2) male parent inbred line breeding：Individual plant selfing is carried out from the onion resource of various trait, M8003 line is cultivated and stablized
Homozygous male parent self-mating system, and Identification of Comprehensive Characters is carried out, excellent male parent self-mating system is selected as male parent resource set；
Second step, crossbreeding choose at least one male parent of corresponding a certain character according to onion character requirement
Self-mating system obtains onion new varieties with each maternal hybridization between selfed lines breeding in maternal resource set respectively.
As preferred embodiment, three groups of the wet seed of a certain onion point to the first step in its maternal resource set into
Row mutation induced by laser, the specific operation method is as follows：Irradiation parent material is the red skin onion seed of Yuanmou of Yunnan Province, using output power
Three groups of parents are irradiated 10 minutes, 20 minutes and 30 minutes respectively for the He-Ne laser of 3mW；Using flowerpot nursery, field-transplanting
Specification is 13cmX17cm, black plastic mulching, and uses RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, is repeated 3 times；Upgrowth situation fine individual plant is selected, and
By the fine individual plant under the conditions of cold stress of natural low temperature, self progeny is selected according to breeding objective, certainly through 5 generations
Hand over the strain that breeding yield is high, shelf-stable and disease resistance are good as maternal.
As preferred embodiment, three groups of the wet seed of a certain onion point to the first step in its maternal resource set into
Row mutation induced by laser, the specific operation method is as follows：Irradiation parent material is the red skin onion seed of Yuanmou of Yunnan Province, is with output power
The CO of 25W2Laser irradiates three groups of parents 2 seconds, 5 seconds and 8 seconds respectively；Using flowerpot nursery, field-transplanting specification is
13cmX17cm, black plastic mulching, and RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN is used, it is repeated 3 times；Upgrowth situation fine individual plant is selected, and this is excellent
Good single plant selects self progeny under the conditions of the cold stress of natural low temperature, according to breeding objective, through 5 generation selfed breedings
The strain that yield is high, shelf-stable and disease resistance are good is as maternal.
As preferred embodiment, in the breeding hybrid parent of the first step, the breeding of female parent system at predose 1 day,
Seed clear water is impregnated 10 hours.
As preferred embodiment, in the breeding hybrid parent of the first step, the specific behaviour of male parent inbred line breeding
It is as follows to make method：Choose the red skin onion single plant in high-quality Xichang, give free rein to fall ill, natural precipitation, natural low temperature it is arid, cold
Under the conditions of cold, not diseases prevention, select it is excellent rogue, go out that yield is high, acid is strong, disease resistance is good, shelf-stable and morning through 5 generation selfed breedings
The low self-mating system of phase bolting rate is as male parent.
As preferred embodiment, it is as follows with operating method for the crossbreeding of the second step：Firstly, by first
The maternal self-mating system and male parent hybridization between selfed lines of breeding, obtain multiple hybridization single plants in step；Then, multiple hybridization single plants are carried out
It cultivates, its growth and development situation is compared under natural precipitation and low temperature environment, and record its growing way, output condition, disease resistance, morning
Phase bolting situation and storage character, therefrom select the first excellent combination；Again the select first excellent combination is repeated to test, be expanded
Cultivated area is repeated 3 times test, records its growing way, output condition, disease resistance, Early bolting situation and storage character, Cong Zhongxuan
Second excellent combination out；Select the optimal first-filial generation single plant of onion.
As preferred embodiment, the first excellent combination and the second excellent combination selection mode are specific as follows：It is right
All its growing ways of combination, output condition, disease resistance, Early bolting situation and each character of storage carry out subitem scoring, and
It is required according to selection, a underlying scale is set to each character, and integral superposition is carried out to all combinations, integrate higher combination
For optimum combination, successively arrange down；Its formula is specific as follows：
A certain combination=A*a+B*b+C*c+D*d+E*e；
Wherein, A, B, C, D and E are underlying scale i.e. amplification factor, and A, B, C, D and E value range is 5~10；
A, b, c, d and e are the scoring score of each character, and a, b, c, d and e value range is 1~10；The A*a is growing way
Shape integral, B*b are yield traits integral, C*c is disease resistance character integral, D*d is Early bolting character integral and E*e is storage
Character integral.
The present invention compared with prior art, the red skin onion selection of high-quality of the invention, the kind after breeding
Breeding time 227 days or so, Mid-late ripening, yield are high, acid is strong, plant shape is compact, Early bolting rate is low, storage property is good, cold-resistant, resistance to
Arid, and per mu yield is 7000kg~9000kg.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1：
The red skin onion selection of high-quality of the invention, the described method comprises the following steps：
It the described method comprises the following steps：
The first step, breeding hybrid parent,
1) maternal inbred line breeding：Classified according to onion characteristic, chooses a variety of parent's onion seed that each characteristic represents
Son, and its wet seed carries out mutation induced by laser to parent material onion, the elite plant strain after selecting mutagenesis is as maternal resource set；
2) male parent system breeding：Individual plant selfing is carried out from the onion resource of various trait, M8003 line is cultivated and stablizes homozygosis
Male parent self-mating system, and carry out Identification of Comprehensive Characters, select excellent male parent self-mating system as male parent resource set；
Second step, crossbreeding choose an at least male parent for corresponding a certain character certainly according to onion character requirement
System is handed over to obtain onion new varieties with each maternal hybridization between selfed lines breeding in maternal resource set respectively.
Three groups of carry out laser of the wet seed of a certain onion point in another embodiment, to the first step in its maternal resource set
Mutagenesis, the specific operation method is as follows：Irradiation parent material is the red skin onion seed of Yuanmou of Yunnan Province, uses output power for 3mW
He-Ne laser three groups of parents are irradiated 10 minutes, 20 minutes and 30 minutes respectively；Using flowerpot nursery, field-transplanting specification
For 13cmX17cm, black plastic mulching, and RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN is used, it is repeated 3 times；Upgrowth situation fine individual plant is selected, and should
Fine individual plant selects self progeny under the conditions of the cold stress of natural low temperature, according to breeding objective, is selfed and selects through 5 generations
It brings out the strain that yield is high, shelf-stable and disease resistance are good and is used as female parent.
Three groups of carry out laser of the wet seed of a certain onion point in another embodiment, to the first step in its maternal resource set
Mutagenesis, the specific operation method is as follows：Irradiation parent material is the red skin onion seed of Yuanmou of Yunnan Province, the CO for being 25W with output power2
Laser irradiates three groups of parents 2 seconds, 5 seconds and 8 seconds respectively；Using flowerpot nursery, field-transplanting specification is 13cmX17cm, and black film covers
Lid, and RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN is used, it is repeated 3 times；Upgrowth situation fine individual plant is selected, and by the fine individual plant in natural low temperature
Cold stress under the conditions of, self progeny is selected according to breeding objective, the high, shelf-stable through 5 generation selfed breeding yields
And the strain conduct female parent that disease resistance is good.
In another embodiment, in the breeding hybrid parent of the first step, the breeding of female parent system was at predose 1 day, by seed
It is impregnated 10 hours with clear water.
In another embodiment, in the breeding hybrid parent of the first step, the concrete operation method of male parent inbred line breeding
It is as follows：The red skin onion single plant in high-quality Xichang is chosen, gives free rein to fall ill, in natural precipitation, the arid of natural low temperature, cold, no
Under the conditions of diseases prevention, select it is excellent rogue, go out that yield is high, acid is strong, disease resistance is good, shelf-stable and early stage are taken out through 5 generation selfed breedings
The low self-mating system of a kind of sedge rate is as male parent.
In another embodiment, it is as follows with operating method for the crossbreeding of the second step：Firstly, by being selected in the first step
The maternal self-mating system and male parent hybridization between selfed lines educated, obtain multiple hybridization single plants；Then, multiple hybridization single plants are cultivated,
Compare its growth and development situation under natural precipitation and low temperature environment, and records its growing way, output condition, disease resistance, early stage pumping
A kind of sedge situation and storage character, therefrom select the first excellent combination；Again the select first excellent combination is repeated to test, expands plantation
Area is repeated 3 times test, records its growing way, output condition, disease resistance, Early bolting situation and storage character, therefrom selects the
Two excellent combinations；Select the optimal first-filial generation single plant of onion.
In another embodiment, the first excellent combination and the second excellent combination selection mode are specific as follows：To all
It combines its growing way, output condition, disease resistance, Early bolting situation and each character of storage and carries out subitem scoring, and according to choosing
Requirement is selected, a underlying scale is set to each character, and integral superposition is carried out to all combinations, the higher group of integral is combined into optimal
Combination, successively arranges down；Its formula is specific as follows：
A certain combination=A*a+B*b+C*c+D*d+E*e；
Wherein, A, B, C, D and E are underlying scale i.e. amplification factor, and A, B, C, D and E value range is 5~10；
A, b, c, d and e are the scoring score of each character, and a, b, c, d and e value range is 1~10；The A*a is growing way
Shape integral, B*b are yield traits integral, C*c is disease resistance character integral, D*d is Early bolting character integral and E*e is storage
Character integral.
Embodiment 2：
The red skin onion seed of Yuanmou of Yunnan Province is parent material by the red skin onion selection of high-quality of the invention, and
Obtain out upgrowth situation fine individual plant with mutation induced by laser breeding, and by the fine individual plant natural low temperature cold stress condition
Under, self progeny is selected according to breeding objective, through 5 strains that generation selfed breeding yield is high, shelf-stable and disease resistance are good
System is as maternal system；By the red skin onion single plant in high-quality Xichang, give free rein to fall ill, natural precipitation, natural low temperature it is arid, cold
Under the conditions of cold, not diseases prevention, select it is excellent rogue, go out that yield is high, acid is strong, disease resistance is good, shelf-stable and morning through 5 generation selfed breedings
The low self-mating system of phase bolting rate is as male parent system；Then female parent system and male parent system are hybridized, and obtained hybridization single plant is carried out
Test of many times is recorded its growing way, output condition, disease resistance, Early bolting situation and storage character, is therefrom selected excellent during test
Non-defective unit；The onion single plant for the optimal first-filial generation selected finally is obtained into onion new varieties, plant height is 82cm~91cm, complete stool
There are wax powder, crust aubergine, bulb thick round, the thick 2.1cm~3.6cm of neck, cross in 7~11, blade, dark green leaf, blade face
Diameter 10cm~12cm, vertical diameter 6cm~8cm, bulb fresh weight 340g~550g, breeding time 227 days or so, Mid-late ripening, yield it is high, pungent
Pungent is strong, plant shape is compact, Early bolting rate is low, storage property is good, cold-resistant, drought-resistant, quality is good, and per mu yield be 7000kg~
9000kg。
Above-described embodiment is only better embodiment of the invention, therefore all according to structure described in present patent application range
It makes, the equivalent change or modification that feature and principle are done, is included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of red skin onion selection of high-quality, which is characterized in that the described method comprises the following steps：
The first step, breeding hybrid parent,
1) maternal inbred line breeding：Classified according to onion characteristic, chooses a variety of parent's onion seeds that each characteristic represents, and
To parent material onion, its wet seed carries out mutation induced by laser, and the elite plant strain after selecting mutagenesis is as maternal resource set；
2) male parent system breeding：Individual plant selfing is carried out from the onion resource of various trait, M8003 line is cultivated and stablizes homozygous father
This self-mating system, and Identification of Comprehensive Characters is carried out, excellent male parent self-mating system is selected as male parent resource set；
Second step, crossbreeding choose at least one male parent selfing of corresponding a certain character according to onion character requirement
System obtains onion new varieties with each maternal hybridization between selfed lines breeding in maternal resource set respectively.
2. the red skin onion selection of high-quality according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first step, it is female
Three groups of carry out mutation induceds by laser of the wet seed of a certain onion point in this resource set, the specific operation method is as follows：Irradiate parent material
For the red skin onion seed of Yuanmou of Yunnan Province, output power is used to irradiate respectively 10 minutes for the He-Ne laser of 3mW to three groups of parents,
20 minutes and 30 minutes；Using flowerpot nursery, field-transplanting specification is 13cmX17cm, black plastic mulching, and is set using random district's groups
Meter, is repeated 3 times；Upgrowth situation fine individual plant is selected, and by the fine individual plant under the conditions of cold stress of natural low temperature, root
Self progeny is selected according to breeding objective, through the 5 strain conducts that generation selfed breeding yield is high, shelf-stable and disease resistance are good
It is maternal.
3. the red skin onion selection of high-quality according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first step, it is female
Three groups of carry out mutation induceds by laser of the wet seed of a certain onion point in this resource set, the specific operation method is as follows：Irradiating parent material is
The red skin onion seed of Yuanmou of Yunnan Province, the CO for being 25W with output power2Laser irradiates parent 2 seconds respectively, and 5 seconds and 8 seconds；Using flower
Alms bowl nursery, field-transplanting specification be 13cmX17cm, black plastic mulching, and use RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, be repeated 3 times；Select growth
Situation fine individual plant, and by the fine individual plant under the conditions of cold stress of natural low temperature, according to breeding objective to self progeny
It is selected, through 5 strains that generation selfed breeding yield is high, shelf-stable and disease resistance are good as maternal.
4. the red skin onion selection of high-quality as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that institute
It states in the breeding hybrid parent of the first step, maternal inbred line breeding impregnated seed clear water 10 hours at predose 1 day.
5. the red skin onion selection of high-quality according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the breeding of the first step
In hybrid parent, the specific operation method is as follows for male parent inbred line breeding：The red skin onion single plant in high-quality Xichang is chosen, is given free rein to
Morbidity, under the conditions of natural precipitation, the arid of natural low temperature, cold, not diseases prevention, select it is excellent rogue, produced through 5 generation selfed breedings
The self-mating system that amount is high, acid is strong, disease resistance is good, shelf-stable and Early bolting rate are low is as male parent.
6. the red skin onion selection of high-quality according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the hybridization of the second step
It is as follows with operating method for breeding：Firstly, the maternal self-mating system and male parent hybridization between selfed lines of breeding in the first step are obtained more
A hybridization single plant；Then, multiple hybridization single plants are cultivated, its growth and development feelings is compared under natural precipitation and low temperature environment
Condition, and its growing way, output condition, disease resistance, Early bolting situation and storage character are recorded, therefrom select the first excellent combination；
Again the select first excellent combination is repeated to test, expands cultivated area, be repeated 3 times test, record its growing way, output condition,
Disease resistance, Early bolting situation and storage character, therefrom select the second excellent combination；Select the optimal first-filial generation single plant of onion.
7. the red skin onion selection of high-quality according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first excellent combination
It is specific as follows with the second excellent combination selection mode：To all combinations its growing ways, output condition, disease resistance, Early bolting feelings
Condition and each character of storage carry out subitem scoring, and are required according to selection, set a underlying scale to each character, and to institute
There is combination to carry out integral superposition, integrates higher group and be combined into optimum combination, successively arrange down；Its formula is specific as follows：
A certain combination=A*a+B*b+C*c+D*d+E*e；
Wherein, A, B, C, D and E are underlying scale i.e. amplification factor, and A, B, C, D and E value range is 5~10；a,b,
C, d and e is the scoring score of each character, and a, b, c, d and e value range is 1~10；The A*a is growing way character product
Divide, B*b is yield traits integral, C*c is disease resistance character integral, D*d is Early bolting character integral and E*e is storage character
Integral.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112075337A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-12-15 | 上海蔬菜研究所 | Breeding method of hybrid onions for bolting |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112075337A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-12-15 | 上海蔬菜研究所 | Breeding method of hybrid onions for bolting |
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