CN108812157A - A kind of means to save the situation after flue-cured tobacco disaster caused by hail calamity - Google Patents
A kind of means to save the situation after flue-cured tobacco disaster caused by hail calamity Download PDFInfo
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- CN108812157A CN108812157A CN201810797387.6A CN201810797387A CN108812157A CN 108812157 A CN108812157 A CN 108812157A CN 201810797387 A CN201810797387 A CN 201810797387A CN 108812157 A CN108812157 A CN 108812157A
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- calamity
- flue
- cured tobacco
- fertilizer
- top dressing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/45—Tobacco
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
Abstract
The present invention provides the meanss to save the situation after a kind of flue-cured tobacco disaster caused by hail calamity comprising：(a) tobacco field is cleared up, ditch cleaning draining carries out tobacco field wooden fork is stayed to handle, and applying pesticides；Wooden fork is not stayed to handle under light calamity, middle calamity, and weight calamity in the flue-cured tobacco for stretching the root phase；Flue-cured tobacco in group's phase is not stayed wooden fork to handle under light calamity；Under middle calamity, carry out staying top wooden fork processing；Under weight calamity, wooden fork processing of keeping on file is carried out；Flue-cured tobacco in the prosperous growth phase carries out staying top wooden fork processing, in weight calamity, carry out wooden fork processing of keeping on file under light calamity and middle calamity；(b) flue-cured tobacco foliage-spray foliar fertilizer；(c) application flue-cured tobacco restores fertilizer, and applies root-inducing powder；(d) flue-cured tobacco wooden fork is selected and remain, other axillary buds of erasing；(e) cultivation and banking, application tobacco growth fertilizer.In means to save the situation of the present invention, the remediations such as wooden fork, fertilising are targetedly stayed to being in different growing stage, being subjected to the flue-cured tobacco that different degrees of hail injures, to improve the output and quality of flue-cured tobacco.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant planting fields, in particular to the means to save the situation after a kind of flue-cured tobacco disaster caused by hail calamity.
Background technique
In recent years, climatic variation is becoming normality, grows in intensity year after year, and extreme weather and extreme climate will become
It is increasingly common.The normal growth for having seriously affected crops again and again of extreme weather events, to China's agricultural production structure
At serious threat.Flue-cured tobacco is the major economic crops in China, is the important sources of local revenue, and increasing peasant income are got rich
Main social connections.The extreme weather events such as cigarette district hail take place frequently, and have seriously affected the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco, to tobacco grower cause compared with
Huge economic loss hinders the sustainable and healthy development of cured tobacco production.
Hail have the characteristics that the oncoming force is swift and violent, disaster weight and destructive power it is strong, after seedling stage causes harm by hail, can make tobacco seedlings by
Wound is unable to normal growth, if tobacco seedlings are injured by a crashing object overweight, needs to transplant again and be delayed farming season；It is impaired in the prosperous growth phase, make to bake
Tobacco Leaves are broken to can't bear, and tender stem fractures, and causes overground part and underground part to grow and lacks of proper care, directly affects and hinder flue-cured tobacco normal mature
Harvesting, causes Severe Reduction and quality degradation, stem fractures when serious；Maturity period is disaster-stricken, with its quotient of the blade of hail wound
Product value will be greatly reduced, or even cause the economic losses that can not make up such as total crop failure.
It is at present to combine weather forecast to the major measure of cigarette district disaster caused by hail prevention, in hail suppression base, transmitting is equipped with silver iodide
Rail-proof bomb carries out Antiaircraft Artillery Artificial Hail Suppression, can be effective to achieve the purpose that strive drinking water point, increase hail embryo, inhibition hail growth
Prevent the harm of cigarette district disaster caused by hail to occur；Hail mitigation operation suppression effect is good, but for remote cigarette district, without hail suppression facility or prevents
Not in time, how flue-cured tobacco reduces loss after disaster caused by hail occurs for hail measure, remedies after the calamity of different flue-cured tobacco breeding time difference disaster caused by hail degree
Measure or mitigation technique method be not also specific in detail, lacks means to save the situation after the flue-cured tobacco calamity of system.
It is existing that draining dredging, ridging, top dressing, controlling disease in time is mainly taken by the remedial technique after disaster caused by hail to flue-cured tobacco
Equal measures, wherein top dressing range format is larger, and different fertilizer N-P-K content differs greatly, and it is for not that topping, which stays wooden fork method not,
With the concrete operation method of breeding time different degrees of the condition of a disaster, cigarette strain fertility after disaster caused by hail is be easy to cause to absorb excessive remaining green when it is due to become yellow and ripe late-maturing influence
Flue-cured tobacco Quality, topping stay wooden fork mode to be not suitable for that yield of flue-cured tobacco reduction or breeding time extension is caused excessively to delay succession crop life
It is long, it resumes production after cannot timely and effectively instructing flue-cured tobacco calamity and is to the greatest extent preferably minimized the disaster caused by hail extent of damage.
In view of this, the present invention is specifically proposed.
Summary of the invention
The first object of the present invention is to provide the means to save the situation after a kind of flue-cured tobacco disaster caused by hail calamity, in means to save the situation of the present invention,
Targetedly remediation is carried out to being in different growing stage, being subjected to the flue-cured tobacco that different degrees of hail injures, to improve roasting
The output and quality of cigarette.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of the invention, spy uses following technical scheme：
A kind of means to save the situation after flue-cured tobacco disaster caused by hail calamity, including：
(a) tobacco field is cleared up, ditch cleaning draining carries out tobacco field wooden fork is stayed to handle, and applying pesticides；
Wherein, for not stayed at wooden fork in the case of light calamity, middle calamity, and weight calamity in the flue-cured tobacco for stretching the root phase
Reason；
Wooden fork is not stayed to handle in light calamity the flue-cured tobacco in group's phase；In middle calamity, stayed
Push up wooden fork processing；In weight calamity, wooden fork processing of keeping on file is carried out；
For being in the flue-cured tobacco of prosperous growth phase, in the case where light calamity and middle calamity, carry out staying top wooden fork processing, in weight the condition of a disaster condition
Under, carry out wooden fork processing of keeping on file；
(b) flue-cured tobacco foliage-spray foliar fertilizer；
(c) application flue-cured tobacco restores fertilizer, and applies root-inducing powder；
The application flue-cured tobacco restores fertilizer：
For in the flue-cured tobacco for stretching the root phase, in the case of light calamity, middle calamity, and weight calamity, 1~3 day after calamity, application mentions seedling
Fertilizer；
For the flue-cured tobacco in group's phase, in the case of light calamity, middle calamity, and weight calamity, 1~3 day after calamity, apply dedicated
Top dressing；
Dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer were applied in 1~3 day after calamity in light calamity for the flue-cured tobacco in the prosperous growth phase；?
In the case of middle calamity and weight calamity, dedicated top dressing is applied within 1~3 day after calamity；
(d) flue-cured tobacco wooden fork is selected and remain, other axillary buds of erasing；
(e) cultivation and banking, and apply tobacco growth fertilizer；
The application tobacco growth fertilizer includes：
For in the flue-cured tobacco for stretching the root phase, in the case of light calamity, middle calamity, and weight calamity, application in 10~12 days is dedicated after calamity
Top dressing；17~22 days after calamity, dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer are applied；The 30th~32 day after calamity, dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer are applied；
For in group the phase flue-cured tobacco, in light calamity and middle calamity, 10~12 days after calamity, apply dedicated top dressing with
And potash fertilizer；17~22 days after calamity, dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer are applied；In weight calamity, 10~12 days after calamity, dedicated chase after is applied
Fertilizer and potash fertilizer；17~22 days after calamity, dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer are applied；25~27 days after calamity, dedicated top dressing and potassium are applied
Fertilizer；
10~12 days after calamity, dedicated top dressing and potassium are applied in light calamity for the flue-cured tobacco in the prosperous growth phase
Fertilizer；In middle calamity, 10~12 days after calamity, apply dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer, 17~19 days after calamity, apply dedicated top dressing with
And potash fertilizer；In weight calamity, in middle calamity, 10~12 days after calamity, dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer are applied, 17~22 after calamity
It, applies dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer, applies dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer within 25~27 days after calamity.
Preferably, in the means to save the situation step (a) after flue-cured tobacco disaster caused by hail calamity of the present invention, the applying pesticides include：
Apply one or more of pre- anti-virus, pre- anti-fungal or prevention bacterial disease pesticide.
Preferably, in the means to save the situation after flue-cured tobacco disaster caused by hail calamity of the present invention, prevention viral pesticide includes：Ningnanmycin
And/or Ma Gua ﹒ copper acetate；And/or prevention fungal farm chemicals include：Polyoxin and/or Jia Shuan ﹒ MnZn；And/or pre- bacteriological protection
Pesticide includes：Kasugarnycin and/or streptomycin sulphate.
Preferably, in the means to save the situation step (b) after flue-cured tobacco disaster caused by hail calamity of the present invention, the foliar fertilizer is amino acid
Foliar fertilizer and/or biphosphate potassium foliage fertilizer.
Preferably, in the means to save the situation after flue-cured tobacco disaster caused by hail calamity of the present invention, the dosage of amino acid foliage fertilizer is 90~
120g/ mus；The dosage of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 450~550g/ mus.
Preferably, described to mention nutrient content N- in seed manure in the means to save the situation after flue-cured tobacco disaster caused by hail calamity of the present invention
P2O5-K2O is (18~22)-(8~10)-(0~1)；
And/or nutrient content N-P in the dedicated top dressing2O5-K2O is (8~10)-(0~1)-(30~32)；
And/or the potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate and/or potassium nitrate.
Preferably, in the means to save the situation step (b) after flue-cured tobacco disaster caused by hail calamity of the present invention, the concentration of root-inducing powder used is
8~12mg/L, amount of application are 150~250ml/ plants.
Preferably, in the means to save the situation step (d) after flue-cured tobacco disaster caused by hail calamity of the present invention, the ridging includes：It will be whole
High 5~10cm is trained in a ridge face, and identity distance bottom of trench height in ridge is 35~40cm after ridging, and soil is closely connect with cigarette strain base portion
Touching, does not interspace.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：
In the method for the present invention, be directed to different growing stage and be subjected to the flue-cured tobaccos of different disasters using different strategies into
Row stays wooden fork etc. to post-process, to improve the output and quality of flue-cured tobacco.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but those skilled in the art will
Understand, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the scope of the invention.It is not specified in embodiment specific
Condition person carries out according to conventional conditions or manufacturer's recommended conditions.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer is
The conventional products that can be obtained by commercially available purchase.
In view of shortcoming present in tobacco field remedial measure after existing hail, the present invention provides a kind of new flue-cured tobaccos
Means to save the situation after disaster caused by hail calamity, by using targetedly remedial measure, effectively improve after meeting with hail the yield of flue-cured tobacco with
Quality improves the income of peasant household.
Means to save the situation provided by the present invention can be with specific reference to as follows：
(a) tobacco field is cleared up, ditch cleaning drains,
After disaster caused by hail 1~2 day, fair weather is selected to clear up tobacco field in time, stubble and the residual leaf without economic value is removed,
It rots to cause disease in tobacco field to avoid residual leaf, removing not injure cigarette strain stem skin when giving up smoking leaf, fracture petiole, to subtract
Few tobacco leaf infection morbidity probability；To the cigarette strain that cigarette strain blade all damages, also to retain an appropriate number of blade 3-5 piece, with dimension
Hold the photosynthesis of cigarette strain；
Meanwhile the tobacco field irrigation canals and ditches after disaster caused by hail are dredged, exclude tobacco field ponding.
Then, it is directed to growth period and the difference by disaster caused by hail situation, the flue-cured tobacco in tobacco field is carried out that wooden fork is stayed to handle respectively：
For not stayed wooden fork to handle in the case of light calamity, middle calamity, and weight calamity in the flue-cured tobacco for stretching the root phase；
Wooden fork is not stayed to handle in light calamity the flue-cured tobacco in group's phase；In middle calamity, stayed
Push up wooden fork processing；In weight calamity, wooden fork processing of keeping on file is carried out；
For being in the flue-cured tobacco of prosperous growth phase, in the case where light calamity and middle calamity, carry out staying top wooden fork processing, in weight the condition of a disaster condition
Under, carry out wooden fork processing of keeping on file.
Wherein, the light calamity is that harm is lighter, and blade breakage rate is less than 20%；The middle calamity be blade breakage rate be 20~
50%；The heavy calamity is blade breakage rate 50~70%；
Meanwhile it is described do not stay wooden fork processing be：Cigarette wooden fork on tobacco plant is all removed；
It is described stay top wooden fork processing be：1 cigarette wooden fork is stayed at the axil of downward 2nd~3 leaf from top, is come into leaves 10 left sides to wooden fork cigarette
It pinches when right；
The wooden fork of keeping on file, which is handled, is：Downward 7th~8 leaf, slices off stem from 20-40cm from the ground, stays leaf 3 from top
~5 leaves carry out photosynthesis, and 1 strong bud of selection gives over to cigarette wooden fork in 7~10d, other cigarette wooden forks are all erased, and are come into leaves 15 to wooden fork cigarette
It pinches when left and right.
After staying wooden fork to handle, the application of pesticide is carried out, disease spread is prevented；
Wherein, it is for preventing viral pesticide：Ningnanmycin (1600 times of liquid of preferably 8% Ningnanmycin aqua), or
Ma Gua ﹒ copper acetate (preferably 20% 1200 times of liquid of Ma Gua ﹒ copper acetate wettable powder)；
As above the method that prevention viral pesticide preferably uses foliage-spray is administered；
Preventing fungal farm chemicals is：Polyoxin (600 times of liquid of preferably 3% polyoxin aqueous solution) or Jia Shuan ﹒ MnZn
(preferably 72% 800 times of liquid of Jia Shuan ﹒ mancozeb wettable powder)；
As above the method that prevention fungal farm chemicals preferably use foliage-spray is administered；
The prevention bacterial pesticide includes：Kasugarnycin (800 times of liquid of preferably 4% kasugarnycin wettable powder), or
Person's streptomycin sulphate (5000 times of liquid of preferably 72% streptomycin sulphate wettable powder)；
As above prevention bacterial pesticide preferably uses root to fill mode and is administered.
When multiple diseases occur simultaneously, above 2 kinds or 3 kinds of pestsides synthesis can be used, every 5-7d medication 1 time, even
Continuous medication 2-3 times, it can be effectively controlled state of an illness sprawling.
(b) flue-cured tobacco foliage-spray foliar fertilizer；
This step can after calamity the 3rd day or so time carry out；
Wherein, applied foliar fertilizer is amino acid foliage fertilizer (dosage is preferably 90~120g/ mus), or is biphosphate
Potassium (dosage is preferably 0.5Kg/ mus), to promote blade face to grow.
(c) application flue-cured tobacco restores fertilizer, and applies root-inducing powder；
For targetedly being used not in different stages of growth and in the flue-cured tobacco of different growing stage, the present invention
Same means carry out fertilizer treatment, specifically refer to as follows：
For in the flue-cured tobacco for stretching the root phase, in the case of light calamity, middle calamity, and weight calamity, 1~3 day after calamity, application mentions seedling
Fertilizer；
Specifically, the amount of application for mentioning seed manure is 2~5Kg/ mus in light calamity；In middle calamity, applying for seed manure is mentioned
Dosage is 2~5Kg/ mus；In weight calamity, the amount of application for mentioning seed manure is 5~8Kg/ mus；
For the flue-cured tobacco in group's phase, in the case of light calamity, middle calamity, and weight calamity, 1~3 day after calamity, apply dedicated
Top dressing；
Specifically, the dosage of dedicated top dressing is 10~20Kg/ mus in light calamity；In the case of middle calamity, dedicated top dressing
Dosage is 10~20Kg/ mus；In the case of weight calamity, the dosage of dedicated top dressing is 8~15Kg/ mus；
Dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer were applied in 1~3 day after calamity in light calamity for the flue-cured tobacco in the prosperous growth phase；?
In the case of middle calamity and weight calamity, dedicated top dressing is applied within 1~3 day after calamity；
Specifically, applying dedicated 8~15Kg/ of top dressing mus and 3~8Kg/ mus of potash fertilizer in light calamity.
Meanwhile root-inducing powder carries out in such a way that cave is poured and applied, dosage is preferably 200ml/ plants, root-inducing powder used it is dense
Degree is preferably 10mg/L, promotes cigarette strain root growth.
Mention nutrient content N-P in seed manure2O5-K2O is (18~22)-(8~10)-(0~1)；Preferably 20-9-0；
Nutrient content N-P in dedicated top dressing2O5-K2O is (8~10)-(0~1)-(30~32)；Preferably 10-0-32.
(d) flue-cured tobacco wooden fork is selected and remain, other axillary buds of erasing；
This step can carry out for the 7th day or so after calamity；
It is then to be selected and remain on tobacco plant axillary bud (further growth obtains flue-cured tobacco wooden fork), while by other armpits in this step
Bud is erased；
Selecting and remain axillary bud wants rigorous concentration some：1. selecting and remain intermediate axillary bud, upper and lower axillary bud is not stayed.2. selecting and remain simple bud, do not stay
Double buds.3. selecting and remain axillary bud it is noted that even thickness is conducive to be able to maintain basic neat and consistent in later growth management
Management and harvest.4. staying leaf appropriate.Leaf is stayed according to land fertility and cigarette strain growing way situation, as far as possible control single-strain blade number
It 12~16 or so, focuses on and improves in weight per leaf and inherent quality, medium flue-cured tobacco ratio in raising；
(e) cultivation and banking, and apply tobacco growth fertilizer；
Cultivation and banking preferably carries out for the 3-15 days after calamity；
To tobacco field soil moisture content where appropriate, high 5~10cm is trained in entire ridge face, after ridging ridge identity distance bottom of trench height should 35~
Between 40cm, furrow bank, bottom of trench are straight, and no hole is recessed, and ridging will enrich full, make close contact between soil and cigarette strain base portion, no
It interspaces, promotes the growth of cigarette strain adventitious root and the development and distribution of root system；Ridge face is not easy avalanche in pan tile shape, and ridge face is avoided to go out
Recessed ponding is now cheated, cigarette strain growth is influenced.
Likewise, also influencing situation after cultivation and banking according to different disasters in the present invention and being directed to different growing stage
Flue-cured tobacco, progress at times, quantitative targetedly apply tobacco growth fertilizer, specifically refer to as follows：
For in the flue-cured tobacco for stretching the root phase, in the case of light calamity, middle calamity, and weight calamity, application in 10~12 days is dedicated after calamity
Top dressing；17~22 days after calamity, dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer are applied；30~32 days after calamity, dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer are applied；
Specifically：In light calamity, 10~12 days after calamity, 15~25Kg/ mus of dedicated top dressings are applied；17~22 after calamity
It, 20~30Kg/ mus of application (dedicated top dressing and 3~8Kg/ mus of potash fertilizer (；30~32 days after calamity, 3~8Kg/ mus of application is dedicated
Top dressing and 8~12Kg/ mus of potash fertilizer；
In middle calamity, 10~12 days after calamity, 15~25Kg/ mus of dedicated top dressings are applied；17~22 days after calamity, application 20
~30Kg/ mus of dedicated top dressing and 3~8Kg/ mus of potash fertilizer；30~32 days after calamity, apply 3~8Kg/ mus of dedicated top dressings and 8~
12Kg/ mus of potash fertilizer；
In weight calamity, 10~12 days after calamity, 15~25Kg/ mus of dedicated top dressings are applied；17~22 days after calamity, application 20
~30Kg/ mus of dedicated top dressing and 3~8Kg/ mus of potash fertilizer；30~32 days after calamity, apply 3~8Kg/ mus of dedicated top dressings and 8~
12Kg/ mus of potash fertilizer.
For in group the phase flue-cured tobacco, in light calamity and middle calamity, 10~12 days after calamity, apply dedicated top dressing with
And potash fertilizer；17~22 days after calamity, dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer are applied；In weight calamity, 10~12 days after calamity, dedicated chase after is applied
Fertilizer and potash fertilizer；17~22 days after calamity, dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer are applied；25~27 days after calamity, dedicated top dressing and potassium are applied
Fertilizer；
Specifically：In light calamity, 10~12 days after calamity, apply dedicated 10~15Kg/ of top dressing mus and potash fertilizer 3~
8Kg；17~22 days after calamity, dedicated 3~8Kg/ of top dressing mus and 8~12Kg/ mus of potash fertilizer are applied；
In middle calamity, 10~12 days after calamity, dedicated 10~20Kg/ of top dressing mus and 3~8Kg of potash fertilizer are applied；After calamity
17~22 days, apply dedicated 3~8Kg/ of top dressing mus and 8~12Kg/ mus of potash fertilizer；
In weight calamity, 10~12 days after calamity, dedicated 10~15Kg/ of top dressing mus and 3~5Kg of potash fertilizer are applied；After calamity
17~22 days, apply dedicated 3~8Kg/ of top dressing mus and 3~8Kg/ mus of potash fertilizer；25~27 days after calamity, apply dedicated top dressing 2~
5Kg/ mus and 10~15Kg/ mus of potash fertilizer.
10~12 days after calamity, dedicated top dressing and potassium are applied in light calamity for the flue-cured tobacco in the prosperous growth phase
Fertilizer；In middle calamity, 10~12 days after calamity, apply dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer, 17~19 days after calamity, apply dedicated top dressing with
And potash fertilizer；In weight calamity, in middle calamity, 10~12 days after calamity, dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer are applied, 17~22 after calamity
It, applies dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer, applies dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer within 25~27 days after calamity；
Specifically, in light calamity, 10~12 days after calamity, apply dedicated 8~12Kg/ of top dressing mus and potash fertilizer 3~
8Kg/ mus；
In middle calamity, 10~12 days after calamity, dedicated 8~15Kg/ of top dressing mus and 2~5Kg/ mus of potash fertilizer are applied；Calamity
17~19 days afterwards, apply dedicated 3~8Kg/ of top dressing mus and 10~15Kg/ mus of potash fertilizer；
In weight calamity, in middle calamity, 10~12 days after calamity, dedicated 8~15Kg/ of top dressing mus and potash fertilizer are applied
2~5Kg/ mus；17~22 days after calamity, dedicated 5~10Kg/ of top dressing mus and 3~8Kg/ mus of potash fertilizer are applied；It applies within 25~27 days after calamity
With dedicated 2~5Kg/ of top dressing mus and 10~15Kg/ mus of potash fertilizer.
Nutrient content N-P in dedicated top dressing2O5-K2O is (8~10)-(0~1)-(30~32)；Preferably 10-0-32.
After above-mentioned steps (a)-(e) remediation, normal field management is carried out according to the corresponding growth period of flue-cured tobacco, and
It is harvested according to normal flow.
Embodiment 1
On April 17th, 2017, the town Chenzhou, Hunan Province Guiyang County Chong Lingjiang cross point part tobacco field is by different degrees of hail
Disaster, cigarette strain is in the prosperous growth phase, 465 mu of calamity tobacco field area light, and middle calamity tobacco field area reaches 88 mu, weight calamity tobacco field area 13
Mu.Flue-cured tobacco is remedied in time using the method for the present invention.
It is the comparable zonule of multiple areas by light calamity, middle calamity and weight calamity tobacco field difference random division, is remedied respectively
(experimental group) or not remediation (control group)；
In following each experimental group, special for flue-cured tobacco top dressing used is all the same, nutrient content (N-P2O5-K2It O) is 10：0：32.
Test the concrete operations of 1 group light calamity tobacco field remediation：
(1) the 1st day after disaster caused by hail, the disconnected branch of the residual leaf of tobacco field, ditch cleaning draining are cleared up in time；After calamity the 2nd day to light, middle calamity tobacco field into
It has gone and has stayed top wooden fork processing, i.e., downward 3rd leaf topping, stays 1 cigarette wooden fork, and use 600 times of 3% polyoxin at axil from top
1600 times of liquid of liquid and 8% Ningnanmycin aqua have carried out foliage-spray, and pre- preventing disease and pest occurs；
(2) the 3rd day after calamity, 90g/ mus of amino acid foliage fertilizers of foliage-spray, while cave apply 10Kg/ mus of special for flue-cured tobacco top dressing+
5Kg/ mus of 200ml/ plants of potassium sulfate+10mg/L root-inducing powders；
(3) it the 7th day after calamity, stays and selects cigarette wooden fork, other axillary buds of erasing；
(4) the 12nd day after calamity, in conjunction with cultivation and banking, 5Kg/ mus of+10Kg/ mus of potassium sulfates of special for flue-cured tobacco top dressing are applied in cave；It stays
Main wooden fork cigarette；
(5) the 22nd day after calamity, cave, which is poured, applies 5Kg/ mus of+12Kg/ mus of potassium sulfates of special for flue-cured tobacco top dressing
Test the concrete operations of calamity tobacco field remediation in 2 groups：
(1) the 1st day after disaster caused by hail, the disconnected branch of the residual leaf of tobacco field, ditch cleaning draining are cleared up in time；After calamity the 2nd day to light, middle calamity tobacco field into
It has gone and has stayed top wooden fork processing, i.e., downward 3rd leaf topping, stays 1 cigarette wooden fork, and use 600 times of 3% polyoxin at axil from top
1600 times of liquid of liquid and 8% Ningnanmycin aqua have carried out foliage-spray, and pre- preventing disease and pest occurs；
(2) the 3rd day after calamity, 90g/ mus of amino acid foliage fertilizers of foliage-spray, while cave apply 10Kg/ mus of special for flue-cured tobacco top dressing+
200ml/ plants of 10mg/L root-inducing powder；
(3) it the 7th day after calamity, stays and selects cigarette wooden fork, other axillary buds of erasing；
(4) the 12nd day after calamity, in conjunction with cultivation and banking, 10Kg/ mus of+3Kg/ mus of potassium sulfates of special for flue-cured tobacco top dressing are applied in cave；It stays
Main wooden fork cigarette；
(5) the 22nd day after calamity, cave, which is poured, applies 5Kg/ mus of+12Kg/ mus of potassium sulfates of special for flue-cured tobacco top dressing
Test the concrete operations of 3 groups of weight calamity tobacco field remediations：
1) the 1st day after disaster caused by hail, the disconnected branch of the residual leaf of tobacco field, ditch cleaning draining are cleaned up in time；After calamity the 2nd day to light, middle calamity tobacco field
Wooden fork processing of keeping on file is carried out, i.e., downward 7th leaf topping, stays 1 cigarette wooden fork, and use 3% polyoxin 600 at axil from top
Times liquid and 20% 1200 times of liquid of glucocyamine copper wettable powder have carried out foliage-spray, 4% kasugarnycin wettable powder
The pre- preventing disease and pest of 800 times of liquid irrigating roots occurs；
2) the 3rd day after calamity, foliage-spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution, while cave pours 10Kg/ mus of+10mg/L of spraying fertilizer and takes root
200ml/ plants of powder；
3) it the 7th day after calamity, stays and selects cigarette wooden fork, other axillary buds of erasing；
4) the 12nd day after calamity, in conjunction with cultivation and banking, top dressing 10Kg/ mus of+3Kg/ mus of potassium sulfates in cave have stayed main wooden fork cigarette；
5) the 22nd day after calamity, 7Kg/ mus of+5Kg/ mus of potassium nitrate of spraying fertilizer are poured in cave
6) the 27th day after calamity, 3Kg/ mus of+12Kg/ mus of potassium sulfates of spraying fertilizer are poured in cave.
Meanwhile the tobacco field not remedied carries out subsequent field management, then as control group under the same conditions
Yield and quality situation is counted after tobacco flue-curing, as a result as shown in the table：
By experimental result as above it is found that being remedied to disaster-stricken by tobacco field according to the method for the present invention, can effectively improve by
The yield of tobacco field after calamity, at the same in also can be improved, first-class tobacco leaf ratio, improve farmer's income；
Although illustrate and describing the present invention with specific embodiment, it will be appreciated that without departing substantially from of the invention
Many other change and modification can be made in the case where spirit and scope.It is, therefore, intended that in the following claims
Including belonging to all such changes and modifications in the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. the means to save the situation after a kind of flue-cured tobacco disaster caused by hail calamity, which is characterized in that including：
(a) tobacco field is cleared up, ditch cleaning draining carries out tobacco field wooden fork is stayed to handle, and applying pesticides；
Wherein, for not stayed wooden fork to handle in the case of light calamity, middle calamity, and weight calamity in the flue-cured tobacco for stretching the root phase；
Wooden fork is not stayed to handle in light calamity the flue-cured tobacco in group's phase；In middle calamity, carry out staying top wooden fork
Processing；In weight calamity, wooden fork processing of keeping on file is carried out；
For being in the flue-cured tobacco of prosperous growth phase, in the case where light calamity and middle calamity, carry out staying top wooden fork processing, in weight calamity, into
Capable wooden fork processing of keeping on file；
(b) flue-cured tobacco foliage-spray foliar fertilizer；
(c) application flue-cured tobacco restores fertilizer, and applies root-inducing powder；
The application flue-cured tobacco restores fertilizer：
For in the flue-cured tobacco for stretching the root phase, in the case of light calamity, middle calamity, and weight calamity, 1~3 day after calamity, application mentions seed manure；
For the flue-cured tobacco in group's phase, in the case of light calamity, middle calamity, and weight calamity, 1~3 day after calamity, dedicated chase after is applied
Fertilizer；
Dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer were applied in 1~3 day after calamity in light calamity for the flue-cured tobacco in the prosperous growth phase；In middle calamity
And in the case of weight calamity, apply dedicated top dressing within 1~3 day after calamity；
(d) flue-cured tobacco wooden fork is selected and remain, other axillary buds of erasing；
(e) cultivation and banking, and apply tobacco growth fertilizer；
The application tobacco growth fertilizer includes：
For applying dedicated top dressing within 10~12 days after calamity in the case of light calamity, middle calamity, and weight calamity in the flue-cured tobacco for stretching the root phase；
17~22 days after calamity, dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer are applied；30~32 days after calamity, dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer are applied；
10~12 days after calamity, dedicated top dressing and potassium are applied in light calamity and middle calamity for the flue-cured tobacco in group's phase
Fertilizer；17~22 days after calamity, dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer are applied；In weight calamity, 10~12 days after calamity, apply dedicated top dressing with
And potash fertilizer；17~22 days after calamity, dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer are applied；25~27 days after calamity, dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer are applied；
10~12 days after calamity, dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer are applied in light calamity for the flue-cured tobacco in the prosperous growth phase；?
In the case of middle calamity, 10~12 days after calamity, dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer are applied, 17~19 days after calamity, apply dedicated top dressing and potassium
Fertilizer；In weight calamity, in middle calamity, 10~12 days after calamity, dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer are applied, 17~22 days after calamity,
Dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer are applied, applies dedicated top dressing and potash fertilizer within 25~27 days after calamity.
2. the means to save the situation after flue-cured tobacco disaster caused by hail calamity according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (a), the application
Pesticide includes：Apply one or more of pre- anti-virus, pre- anti-fungal or prevention bacterial disease pesticide.
3. the means to save the situation after flue-cured tobacco disaster caused by hail calamity according to claim 2, which is characterized in that preventing viral pesticide includes：
Ningnanmycin and/or Ma Gua ﹒ copper acetate；
And/or prevention fungal farm chemicals include：Polyoxin and/or Jia Shuan ﹒ MnZn；
And/or prevention bacterial pesticide includes：Kasugarnycin and/or streptomycin sulphate.
4. the means to save the situation after flue-cured tobacco disaster caused by hail calamity according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (b), the blade face
Fertilizer is amino acid foliage fertilizer and/or biphosphate potassium foliage fertilizer.
5. the means to save the situation after flue-cured tobacco disaster caused by hail calamity according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the dosage of amino acid foliage fertilizer
It is 90~120g/ mus；The dosage of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 450~550g/ mus.
6. the means to save the situation after flue-cured tobacco disaster caused by hail calamity according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to mention nutrient in seed manure and contain
Measure N-P2O5-K2O is (18~22)-(8~10)-(0~1)；
And/or nutrient content N-P in the dedicated top dressing2O5-K2O is (8~10)-(0~1)-(30~32)；
And/or the potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate and/or potassium nitrate.
7. the means to save the situation after flue-cured tobacco disaster caused by hail calamity according to claim 1, which is characterized in that used to take root in step (b)
The concentration of powder is 8~12mg/L, and amount of application is 150~250ml/ plants.
8. the means to save the situation after flue-cured tobacco disaster caused by hail calamity according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (d), the ridging
Including：
High 5~10cm is trained into entire ridge face, identity distance bottom of trench height in ridge is 35~40cm after ridging, and makes soil and cigarette strain base portion
It is in close contact, does not interspace.
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| CN111011148A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-17 | 山东临沂烟草有限公司 | Management method for strong long-term hail heavy disaster tobacco field |
| CN112997829A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-06-22 | 湖南省烟草公司郴州市公司 | Post-disaster treatment method and application of flood disasters of flue-cured tobacco |
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| CN111011148A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-17 | 山东临沂烟草有限公司 | Management method for strong long-term hail heavy disaster tobacco field |
| CN112997829A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-06-22 | 湖南省烟草公司郴州市公司 | Post-disaster treatment method and application of flood disasters of flue-cured tobacco |
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| CN108812157B (en) | 2020-08-21 |
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