CN108812123A - Salt-soda soil millet cultivates cultivation method - Google Patents
Salt-soda soil millet cultivates cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108812123A CN108812123A CN201810502977.1A CN201810502977A CN108812123A CN 108812123 A CN108812123 A CN 108812123A CN 201810502977 A CN201810502977 A CN 201810502977A CN 108812123 A CN108812123 A CN 108812123A
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- soil
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- millet
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- soda soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of salt-soda soil millets to cultivate cultivation method, to solve the problems, such as salt-soda soil plantation millet low output, of poor benefits and design.Salt-soda soil millet of the present invention cultivates cultivation method：Site preparation：To Saline basal dressing, spraying 1000 times of dilute sulfuric acids makes Saline PH=4.5~5.5；Sowing：0.45 kilogram is sowed per acre, 3~4 centimetres of millet depth of planting, 45 centimetres of line-spacing, it is sprinkled into 3 to 5cm thick Nutrition Soils in advance in the kind cave of each sowing, and expire kind of cavities with nutrition earth mulch, the Nutrition Soil is to be doped into decomposed horsehit in rural area soil, so that the organic content in Nutrition Soil is accounted for 1/10, the particle diameter of Nutrition Soil is not more than 5mm；Field management；Chemical weed control：Broadcast before rear seedling secondary spraying herbicide after a spraying herbicide and emergence.Method is cultivated in cultivation of the invention, can effectively adjust soil pH value, significantly improves the release time of organic acid, cover crop, not by salt damage alkali evil, improves crop yield in entire growth cycle, comprehensive to improve alkaline land improving effect.
Description
Technical field
Present invention relates particularly to a kind of salt-soda soil millets to cultivate cultivation method.
Background technique
Millet scientific name is grain, and millet is referred to as after shelling.It has an abundant nutrition, protein content 11.2%~
13.4%, fat content is above rice, flour for 4.5%.In addition, also containing 8 kinds of amino acid needed by human and ratio association
It adjusts, vitamin content is also relatively abundant, and coarse-fibred content is minimum in several staple food crops.According to《Legendary god of farming's book on Chinese herbal medicine
Through》It records, millet has support kidney qi, except stomach energy, only quench one's thirst (diabetes), diuresis and other effects.
Millet crop has the characteristics that drought resisting, barren-resistant, occupies always in the agricultural in arid, semiarid low yield area important
Status.Currently, salt resistance bases millet variety is less, keeps salt-soda soil area millet yield lower, limit the development of millet.For
This, cultivate and introduce a fine variety drought-resistant saline-alkali tolerant crop varieties and its implement high-yield culture technique, to this area adjustment crop mix,
Development grain-production, raising farmers' income are significant.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the fringe weight for effectively improving millet the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of, mass of 1000 kernel and
Yield, the salt-soda soil millet for improving Saline soil cultivate cultivation method.
Salt-soda soil millet of the present invention cultivates cultivation method, including：
Site preparation：Stubble-cleaning successively is carried out to Saline, the autumn is turned over, apply 2500~3000 kgs/acre of base manure, institute to Saline
Stating base manure includes farmyard manure, ammonium sulfate, phosphoric acid diamines, potassium sulfate, and sprays 1000 times of dilute sulfuric acids to salt-soda soil and make saline and alkaline plough
Ground PH=4.5~5.5.
Sowing：0.45 kilogram of sowing per acre, 3~4 centimetres of millet depth of planting, 45 centimetres of line-spacing, in the kind of each sowing
3 to 5cm thick Nutrition Soils are sprinkled into cave in advance, and expire kind of cavities with nutrition earth mulch, the Nutrition Soil is to be doped into corruption in rural area soil
Ripe horsehit makes the organic content in Nutrition Soil account for 1/10, and the particle diameter of Nutrition Soil is not more than 5mm.
Field management：Germination period is sprayed by the rainer, when paddy seedling grows to 2-5 piece leaf into
Seedling in the ranks carries out final singling when paddy seedling grows to 5-6 piece leaf, controls 6-8 centimetres of spacing in the rows, and loosen the soil.In 3~4 leaf of millet
Phase applies 10 milligrams of lodging resistance agent per acre, is watered 20~25 kilograms, reduces plant height, prevents from lodging.Jointing stage and heading stage difference
Top dressing is carried out, and is sprayed in due course.
Chemical weed control：Broadcast before rear seedling secondary spraying herbicide after a spraying herbicide and emergence.
Further, broadcast a herbicide being applied before rear seedling be per acre with 120-140 grams of wettable powder of 44% paddy friend,
To water 40-50 liter, even spraying soil table.Or water 40-50 liter is uniformly sprayed with 150 grams of 50% propazine wettable powder per acre
Mist soil table.
Further, secondary spraying herbicide is after emergence：Per acre with 300-400 milliliters of 50% tavron missible oil, to water
30-40 liter, in the paddy seedling 2-3 leaf phase, even spraying, and per acre with 40-50 milliliters of 72%2,4-d butyl ester missible oil, to water
30-40 liter, in the paddy seedling 4-5 leaf phase, even spraying.
Further, further include being spread on Saline with 2.5% fenaminosulf pulvis, carry out disinfection.
Further, tuber crops are planted in the preceding stubble of plantation millet in millet planting plot.
Further, the tuber crops are potato or sweet potato.
It further, further include wrapping up one layer of salt resistance alkali protective shell, the pellet of formation 2 to 10mm diameter on seed-grain surface
Change seed, wherein the salt resistance alkali protective shell includes following raw material：50-80 parts of starch, 7-15 parts of calcium powder, D actinomycin D
8-20, bacillus subtilis 1-2, fulvic acid 5-10, heteroauxin α-Nafusaku growth regulator 1-3, humic acid 10-15,
10-15 parts of adhesive, 1-3 parts of insecticide, 0.3-0.8 parts of fungicide, 2-8 parts of pigment.
Further, the method for salt resistance alkali protective shell package seed includes：
S31 is 4-8 hours bored by insecticide and seed progress hybrid reactor.
S32 adjusts starch, calcium powder, D actinomycin D, bacillus subtilis, fulvic acid, heteroauxin α-Nafusaku growth
Section agent, humic acid are put into blender and are sufficiently mixed, and mixing powder is made.
Seed is put into pelletized machinery by S33, the spray adhesive on seed, then sprays into S31 product thereto, in ball
Certain thickness coating is formed in granulation machines.
S34 repeats step S32 to S33 when pellet diameters reach 2 to 10mm, air-dries.
Further, respectively in jointing stage and heading stage, apply 6-8 kilograms of granular potassium sulfate, normal superphosphate per acre
10-12 kilograms.
According to the above aspect of the present invention, salt-soda soil millet cultivation cultivation method of the present invention has at least the following advantages：
The present invention selects base manure to combine 1000 times of dilute sulfuric acids, can effectively adjust soil pH value, can mitigate soil tune
Salt damage caused by agent application is managed, and is remarkably improved the release time of organic acid, is allowed to act on the entire breeding time of crop, have
Effect mitigates the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil, the injury of accumulation of salt in the surface soil duration caused by crop, and cover crop is in entire growth cycle not by salt damage alkali
Evil improves crop yield, comprehensive to improve alkaline land improving effect.
The above description is only an overview of the technical scheme of the present invention, in order to better understand the technical means of the present invention,
And can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail.Implement below
Example is not intended to limit the scope of the invention for illustrating the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Salt-soda soil millet described in a most preferred embodiment of the invention cultivates cultivation method, including：
Site preparation：Stubble-cleaning successively is carried out to Saline, the autumn is turned over, apply 2500 kgs/acre of base manure, the base manure to Saline
Including farmyard manure, ammonium sulfate, phosphoric acid diamines, potassium sulfate, and 1000 times of dilute sulfuric acids are sprayed to salt-soda soil make Saline PH=
4.5。
Sowing：0.45 kilogram of sowing per acre, 4 centimetres of millet depth of planting, 45 centimetres of line-spacing, in the kind cave of each sowing
It is sprinkled into the Nutrition Soil of 3cm thickness in advance, and expires kind of cavities with nutrition earth mulch, the Nutrition Soil is to be doped into decomposed horse in rural area soil
Excrement makes the organic content in Nutrition Soil account for 1/10, and the particle diameter of Nutrition Soil is not more than 5mm.
Field management：Germination period is sprayed by the rainer, when paddy seedling grows to 2-5 piece leaf into
Seedling in the ranks carries out final singling when paddy seedling grows to 5-6 piece leaf, controls 6 centimetres of spacing in the rows, and loosen the soil.In 3~4 leaf phase of millet,
10 milligrams of lodging resistance agent are applied per acre, is watered 25 kilograms, are reduced plant height, are prevented from lodging.Jointing stage and heading stage are chased after respectively
Fertilizer, and spray in due course.
Chemical weed control：Broadcast before rear seedling secondary spraying herbicide after a spraying herbicide and emergence, broadcast apply before rear seedling it is primary
Herbicide is per acre with 120-140 grams of wettable powder of 44% paddy friend, to water 40-50 liter, even spraying soil table, to Gu Miaohe
Succession crop is safe, and weeds alkali thatch has special efficacy, and 1 application can prevent and kill off the weeds of paddy field entire breeding time, to millet safety.
Or per acre with 150 grams of 50% propazine wettable powder, to water 40-50 liter, even spraying soil table is safe to succession crop, but
Growth is slightly inhibited before jointing to paddy seedling, on yield without influence.
Secondary spraying herbicide is after emergence：Broadleaf weeds is prevented and kill off, per acre with 72%2,4-d butyl ester missible oil 40-50 millis
It rises, to water 30-40 liter, in the paddy seedling 4-5 leaf phase, when the big portion of broadleaf weeds all sprouts, even spraying, to succession crop safety.
The present embodiment, base manure select farmyard manure and phosphorus potash fertilizer, farmyard manure and phosphorus potash fertilizer compounding application, improve fertilizer efficiency, nitrogenous fertilizer
It is provided mainly by farmyard manure, that is, can guarantee the demand of millet early growth, and environmental risk caused by reducing because of loss of nitrogen fertilizer,
And reduce the energy consumption of nitrogen fertilizer production.Fertilizer of the present invention in the case where maintaining phosphorus, Potassium Fertilizer constant, use by nitrogenous fertilizer
Amount reduces about 50%, greatly reduces the potential risk caused by environment especially groundwater environment due to loss of nitrogen fertilizer.
Total nutrient dosage also reduces by 24.2%, greatly reduces the fertilizer cost in millet production.
Base manure combines 1000 times of dilute sulfuric acids effectively to adjust soil pH value, acts on the entire breeding time of crop, effectively
The mitigation soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil, accumulation of salt in the surface soil duration caused by crop injury, cover crop is in entire growth cycle not by salt damage alkali
Evil improves crop yield, comprehensive to improve alkaline land improving effect.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment salt-soda soil millet cultivates cultivation method, including：
Site preparation：Stubble-cleaning successively is carried out to Saline, the autumn is turned over, apply 3000 kgs/acre of base manure, the base manure to Saline
Including farmyard manure, ammonium sulfate, phosphoric acid diamines, potassium sulfate, and 1000 times of dilute sulfuric acids are sprayed to salt-soda soil make Saline PH=
5.5。
Sowing：0.45 kilogram of sowing per acre, 4 centimetres of millet depth of planting, 45 centimetres of line-spacing, in the kind cave of each sowing
It is sprinkled into the Nutrition Soil of 5cm thickness in advance, and expires kind of cavities with nutrition earth mulch, the Nutrition Soil is to be doped into decomposed horse in rural area soil
Excrement makes the organic content in Nutrition Soil account for 1/10, and the particle diameter of Nutrition Soil is not more than 5mm.
Field management：Germination period is sprayed by the rainer, when paddy seedling grows to 2-5 piece leaf into
Seedling in the ranks carries out final singling when paddy seedling grows to 5-6 piece leaf, controls 8 centimetres of spacing in the rows, and loosen the soil.In 3~4 leaf phase of millet,
10 milligrams of lodging resistance agent are applied per acre, is watered 20 kilograms, are reduced plant height, are prevented from lodging.Jointing stage and heading stage are chased after respectively
Fertilizer, and spray in due course.
Chemical weed control：Broadcast before rear seedling secondary spraying herbicide after a spraying herbicide and emergence.
The maximum difference of the present embodiment and above-described embodiment 1 is, further includes wrapping up one layer of salt resistance alkali on seed-grain surface
Protective shell, the pill pelleting seed of formation 2 to 10mm diameter, wherein the salt resistance alkali protective shell includes following raw material：It forms sediment
50-80 parts of powder, 7-15 parts of calcium powder, D actinomycin D 8-20, bacillus subtilis 1-2, fulvic acid 5-10, heteroauxin α-naphthalene second
Sour sodium growth regulator 1-3, humic acid 10-15,10-15 parts of adhesive, 1-3 parts of insecticide, 0.3-0.8 parts of fungicide, pigment
2-8 parts.
The method of the described salt resistance alkali protective shell package seed includes：
S31 is 4-8 hours bored by insecticide and seed progress hybrid reactor.
S32 adjusts starch, calcium powder, D actinomycin D, bacillus subtilis, fulvic acid, heteroauxin α-Nafusaku growth
Section agent, humic acid are put into blender and are sufficiently mixed, and mixing powder is made.
Seed is put into pelletized machinery by S33, the spray adhesive on seed, then sprays into S31 product thereto, in ball
Certain thickness coating is formed in granulation machines.
S34 repeats step S32 to S33 when pellet diameters reach 2 to 10mm, air-dries.Sodium carboxymethylcellulose is dissolved in
Composite adhesives is prepared in water.
The present embodiment carries out seed-pelleting, and pelleting agent can adsorb salt ion, through hydrone, provides calcium source increasing
Add salinity and alkalinity resistance, hybrid millet seed is enable to reduce the harm of salinity, smoothly emerges.In pelleting agent, starch is used as and fills out
Expect that one layer of coating can be formed in Millet Seed periphery, increases Millet Seed diameter and be conducive to smoothly sowing and precision drilling, together
When starch to be natural organic matter meet rainwater in beach saline land summer is easy to decompose, for millet production provide necessary carbon source with
Organic nutrition.But only pill pelleting seed can be made finer and close using starch, poor air permeability, when there is no rainfall, no
It is directly contacted conducive to moisture and Millet Seed, therefore adds calcium powder (calcium carbonate) in pelleting agent, the latter has loose pelletized
The effect of agent, while having the effects that absorb moisture and increasing ventilation.Also, calcium is the essential elements of plant growth, and calcium can be steady
Determine biofilm structure, keep the integrality of cell, in the selective absorbing of plant, growth, aging, information transmitting and plant
Resistance etc. plays an important role.The millet mainly harm by sodium plasma, leads to cell membrane stability on salt-soda soil
Property be deteriorated so that plant is dead, applying calcium can be improved the salt-resistance of millet.
Seed-pelleting is formed certain diameter by the present embodiment, can implement singling using current seeding machinery away from broadcasting
Kind, sowing quantity is significantly decreased, the recruitment of hybrid millet thinning is reduced.
Embodiment 3
Site preparation：Stubble-cleaning successively is carried out to Saline, the autumn is turned over, apply 2700 kgs/acre of base manure, the base manure to Saline
Including farmyard manure, ammonium sulfate, phosphoric acid diamines, potassium sulfate, and 1000 times of dilute sulfuric acids are sprayed to salt-soda soil make Saline PH=
5。
Sowing：0.45 kilogram of sowing per acre, 3.5 centimetres of millet depth of planting, 45 centimetres of line-spacing, in the kind cave of each sowing
The interior Nutrition Soil for being sprinkled into 4cm thickness in advance, and expire kind of cavities with nutrition earth mulch, the Nutrition Soil is to be doped into decomposed horse in rural area soil
Excrement makes the organic content in Nutrition Soil account for 1/10, and the particle diameter of Nutrition Soil is not more than 5mm.
Field management：Germination period is sprayed by the rainer, when paddy seedling grows to 2-5 piece leaf into
Seedling in the ranks carries out final singling when paddy seedling grows to 5-6 piece leaf, controls 7 centimetres of spacing in the rows, and loosen the soil.In 3~4 leaf phase of millet,
10 milligrams of lodging resistance agent are applied per acre, is watered 23 kilograms, are reduced plant height, are prevented from lodging.Jointing stage and heading stage are chased after respectively
Fertilizer, and spray in due course.
Chemical weed control：Broadcast before rear seedling secondary spraying herbicide after a spraying herbicide and emergence.
The present embodiment salt-soda soil millet cultivates cultivation method, and the maximum difference with the various embodiments described above is：Millet planting
Tuber crops are planted in the preceding stubble of plantation millet in plot.The tuber crops are potato or sweet potato.The present embodiment is kind in preceding stubble
It plants in the plot of tuber crops and cultivates millet, rationally utilize the nutrient of soil shallow-layer and deep layer.
The various embodiments described above apply 6-8 kilograms of granular potassium sulfate, common phosphorus excessively respectively in jointing stage and heading stage per acre
10-12 kilograms of sour calcium.
The various embodiments described above further include being spread on Saline with 2.5% fenaminosulf pulvis, carry out disinfection.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention, it is noted that for this skill
For the those of ordinary skill in art field, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, can also make it is several improvement and
Modification, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of salt-soda soil millet cultivates cultivation method, which is characterized in that including：
Site preparation：Stubble-cleaning successively is carried out to Saline, the autumn is turned over, apply 2500~3000 kgs/acre of base manure, the base to Saline
Fertilizer includes farmyard manure, ammonium sulfate, phosphoric acid diamines, potassium sulfate, and sprays 1000 times of dilute sulfuric acids to salt-soda soil and make Saline PH
=4.5~5.5；
Sowing：0.45 kilogram of sowing per acre, 3~4 centimetres of millet depth of planting, 45 centimetres of line-spacing, in the kind cave of each sowing
It is sprinkled into 3 to 5cm thick Nutrition Soils in advance, and expires kind of cavities with nutrition earth mulch, the Nutrition Soil is decomposed to be doped into rural area soil
Horsehit makes the organic content in Nutrition Soil account for 1/10, and the particle diameter of Nutrition Soil is not more than 5mm；
Field management：Germination period is sprayed by the rainer, between carrying out when paddy seedling grows to 2-5 piece leaf
Seedling carries out final singling when paddy seedling grows to 5-6 piece leaf, controls 6-8 centimetres of spacing in the rows, and loosen the soil；In 3~4 leaf phase of millet, often
10 milligrams of lodging resistance agent of mu application, is watered 20~25 kilograms, reduces plant height, prevents from lodging；Jointing stage and heading stage carry out respectively
Top dressing, and spray in due course；
Chemical weed control：Broadcast before rear seedling secondary spraying herbicide after a spraying herbicide and emergence.
2. salt-soda soil millet according to claim 1 cultivates cultivation method, which is characterized in that broadcast once removing of applying before rear seedling
Careless agent is per acre with 120-140 grams of wettable powder of 44% paddy friend, to water 40-50 liter, even spraying soil table；Or it uses per acre
50% 150 grams of propazine wettable powder, to water 40-50 liter, even spraying soil table.
3. salt-soda soil millet according to claim 1 cultivates cultivation method, which is characterized in that secondary spraying herbicide after emergence
For：Per acre with 300-400 milliliters of 50% tavron missible oil, to water 30-40 liter, in the paddy seedling 2-3 leaf phase, even spraying, and
Per acre with 40-50 milliliters of 72%2,4-d butyl ester missible oil, to water 30-40 liter, in the paddy seedling 4-5 leaf phase, even spraying.
4. salt-soda soil millet according to claim 1 cultivates cultivation method, which is characterized in that further include with 2.5% enemy gram
Loose powder agent is spread on Saline, carries out disinfection.
5. salt-soda soil millet according to claim 1 cultivates cultivation method, which is characterized in that millet planting plot is being planted
The preceding stubble for planting millet plants tuber crops.
6. salt-soda soil millet according to claim 5 cultivates cultivation method, which is characterized in that the tuber crops are potato
Or sweet potato.
7. salt-soda soil millet according to claim 1 cultivates cultivation method, which is characterized in that further include on seed-grain surface
Wrap up one layer of salt resistance alkali protective shell, the pill pelleting seed of formation 2 to 10mm diameter, wherein the salt resistance alkali protective shell includes following
Raw material：50-80 parts of starch, 7-15 parts of calcium powder, D actinomycin D 8-20, bacillus subtilis 1-2, fulvic acid 5-10, Yin
Indolylbutyric acid α-Nafusaku growth regulator 1-3, humic acid 10-15,10-15 parts of adhesive, 1-3 parts of insecticide, fungicide
0.3-0.8 parts, 2-8 parts of pigment.
8. salt-soda soil millet according to claim 7 cultivates cultivation method, which is characterized in that the salt resistance alkali protective shell
Package seed method include：
S31 is 4-8 hours bored by insecticide and seed progress hybrid reactor；
S32 is by starch, calcium powder, D actinomycin D, bacillus subtilis, fulvic acid, heteroauxin α-Nafusaku growth regulating
Agent, humic acid are put into blender and are sufficiently mixed, and mixing powder is made；
Seed is put into pelletized machinery by S33, the spray adhesive on seed, then sprays into S31 product thereto, pelletized
Certain thickness coating is formed in machinery；
S34 repeats step S32 to S33 when pellet diameters reach 2 to 10mm, air-dries.
9. salt-soda soil millet according to claim 1 cultivates cultivation method, which is characterized in that respectively in jointing stage and heading
Phase applies 6-8 kilograms of granular potassium sulfate, 10-12 kilograms of normal superphosphate per acre.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109315246A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-12 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of cultural method improving salt-soda soil millet seedling stage coverage |
| CN109757488A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-05-17 | 广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | A kind of microorganism seed pill pelletizing coating composition |
| CN110558185A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-13 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | Method for planting sweet potatoes in saline-alkali soil of Xinjiang |
| CN114568230A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-06-03 | 山东省农业科学院 | Large-scale high-yield planting method for millet in medium-low saline-alkali soil |
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| CN104686186A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-06-10 | 张玉雯 | Method for cultivating corn in saline-alkali soil |
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| CN1299584A (en) * | 1999-12-15 | 2001-06-20 | 中国科学院长春地理研究所 | Large rice seedling growing technology in container for resiting cultivation in saline-alkaline land |
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| CN109315246A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-12 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of cultural method improving salt-soda soil millet seedling stage coverage |
| CN109757488A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-05-17 | 广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | A kind of microorganism seed pill pelletizing coating composition |
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