CN108793990B - 一种耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品及其制备工艺 - Google Patents
一种耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品及其制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108793990B CN108793990B CN201810737619.9A CN201810737619A CN108793990B CN 108793990 B CN108793990 B CN 108793990B CN 201810737619 A CN201810737619 A CN 201810737619A CN 108793990 B CN108793990 B CN 108793990B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- raw materials
- insulation layer
- glaze
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
- C04B35/20—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in magnesium oxide, e.g. forsterite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/634—Polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3201—Alkali metal oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3208—Calcium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. lime
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids, or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
- C04B2235/3472—Alkali metal alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. spodumene, alkali feldspars such as albite or orthoclase, micas such as muscovite, zeolites such as natrolite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/349—Clays, e.g. bentonites, smectites such as montmorillonite, vermiculites or kaolines, e.g. illite, talc or sepiolite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
- C04B2235/446—Sulfides, tellurides or selenides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
- C04B2235/9607—Thermal properties, e.g. thermal expansion coefficient
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及陶瓷制备技术领域,具体涉及一种耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品及其制备工艺,包括坯体、隔热层以及釉料,所述坯体包括:橄榄岩42份、木质素磺酸钠8份、石英13份、粘土15份、辉钼矿26份、助熔料15份、锂辉石20份、莫来石13份、钠长石11份、硅酸钙9份;所述隔热层包括:玻璃纤维粉22份、岩棉粉15份、硅酸钠9份、六偏磷酸钠3份;所述釉料包括:莫来石23份、高岭土35份、锂辉石15份、钾长石17份、粘土7份。其制备工艺包括以下步骤:配料;拉坯;素烧;涂覆隔热层;上釉;烧成。本发明工艺所生产陶瓷制品具有机械强度高、抗热震性强的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷制备技术领域,具体涉及一种耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品及其制备工艺。
背景技术
陶瓷行业是我国最古老的行业之一,最早可以追溯到8000年前。远在唐宋时期,制备陶瓷技术已经相对比较成熟了,并且形成了一定的生产规模,其中,宋代的五大名窑产品更是闻名于世,陶瓷器作为商品开始批量销售到海外。目前,日用陶瓷仍然是最主要的轻工业出口产品。以深圳地区为例,能出口日用陶瓷制品到欧洲的陶瓷企业共有14家,率值大约2000万美元。虽然这类商品的出口额历年呈上升趋势,但竞争优势已经不是很明显了。在整体国际市场上,中国陶瓷企业出口的产品多销售于低端市场,而且缺乏国际知名品牌。究其原因为国内陶瓷制品釉面不够光滑、整体做工粗糙等,这主要归因于国内陶瓷制品过于侧重产品的白度。基于此,即使优良的瓷质,在提高白度的基础上也会致使陶瓷制品的变形大、釉面不光洁,并且热稳定性会显著降低。当今国际市场对白度的要求并不高,相反,机械强度、釉面硬度和耐热耐冷急变性能才是陶瓷制品优劣的检测标准。
陶瓷制品多是由硅酸盐原料组成的不均匀材料,它的机械强度多取决于其烧成之后的微观结构,包括制品中含有的气孔大小、晶体性质、数量大小、颗粒取向及其分布情况等。耐热、耐冷急变性能是日用陶瓷制品重要的安全使用性能指标,它直接影响陶瓷制品的使用寿命。随着餐饮业及家庭生活需要的发展,为了适应自动化洗涤和高温快速消毒并且能重复多次使用的要求,提高陶瓷制品的耐热性以及耐冷性显得非常有必要。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供一种耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品及其制备工艺。本发明工艺所生产陶瓷制品具有机械强度高、抗热震性强的优点。
一种耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品,包括坯体、隔热层以及釉料,所述坯体由以下重量份的原料组成:橄榄岩35-48份、木质素磺酸钠5-12份、石英12-14份、粘土13-16份、辉钼矿22-28份、助熔料14-18份、锂辉石18-22份、莫来石10-15份、钠长石9-12份,其中,木质素磺酸钠的制备方法为:将亚硫酸盐废液用碱性溶液中和,经生物发酵去除糖类物质,蒸发烘干成粉状减水剂;所述隔热层由以下重量份的原料组成:玻璃纤维粉18-26份、岩棉粉14-17份、硅酸钠8-12份、六偏磷酸钠2-3份;所述釉料由以下重量份的原料组成:莫来石20-25份、高岭土30-38份、锂辉石14-16份、钾长石12-20份、粘土5-8份。
进一步地,包括坯体、隔热层以及釉料,所述坯体由以下重量份的原料组成:橄榄岩42份、木质素磺酸钠8份、石英13份、粘土15份、辉钼矿26份、助熔料15份、锂辉石20份、莫来石13份、钠长石11份、硅酸钙9份;所述隔热层由以下重量份的原料组成:玻璃纤维粉22份、岩棉粉15份、硅酸钠9份、六偏磷酸钠3份;所述釉料由以下重量份的原料组成:莫来石23份、高岭土35份、锂辉石15份、钾长石17份、粘土7重量份。
进一步地,所述助溶料由氧化钠、氧化钙以及硅酸钠按照重量比为3:5:2的比例混合而成。
本发明还提供一种制备所述耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品的工艺,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、按照重量份称取坯体原料粉碎后放入球磨机中混合,加入坯料总重量份的50%-55%水,球磨16-20h后通过万孔筛,筛余量为3%-7%,得到坯体浆料;
步骤2、将步骤1所得坯体浆料压滤脱水成泥饼,使得泥饼中的含水量少于18%,将泥饼塑造成型,晾干6-10h后得到素坯;
步骤3、将步骤2得到的素坯放入窑炉中素烧2.5-4h,素烧温度为800-900℃,冷却后出窑,得到素胎;
步骤4、按照重量份称取隔热层原料粉碎后放入球磨机中混合,加入保温层原料总重量20%-35%的水,球磨5-9h后得到隔热层浆料,将隔热层浆料涂覆于所述素胎表面,隔热层厚度为0.68-1.25mm,晾干3-5h;
步骤5、按照重量份称取釉料原料粉碎后放入球磨机中混合,加入釉料原料总重量60%-70%的水,球磨14-18h后通过万孔筛,筛余量为4%-6%,得到釉料浆料,使用釉料浆料对步骤4得到的涂覆了隔热层的素胎进行上釉,釉层厚度为0.21-0.24mm,晾干5-8h;
步骤6、将步骤5得到的上釉后的素胎放入窑炉中烧成20-32h,烧成温度为1250-1340℃,得到耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品。
进一步地,所述步骤2、步骤4以及步骤5中进行晾干的条件为:温度为35-48℃,湿度为10%-20%。
有益效果
本发明的有益效果如下:
(1)、本发明采用橄榄岩、辉钼矿、石英、锂辉石、莫来石、钠长石来作为坯体的主要原料,橄榄岩中除了含有氧化硅、氧化铁、氧化镁等化合物之外还含量大量的镍元素,镍似银白色、硬而有延展性,具有良好的可塑性和抗腐蚀性,它与辉钼矿中大量含有的钼元素都具有高温强度好,热膨胀系数小的特点,是耐热产品的理想材料,可大幅度提升陶瓷制品的耐热性能;莫来石本身就被用作高温耐热材料,其耐热性能十分优异,熔融温度能达到1910℃;锂辉石既能作为助熔剂,其与钠长石混合制成的陶瓷吸水率低,使得烧成温度降低从而增加坯体强度,又可以降低陶瓷热膨胀系数,提高陶瓷抗热振性;本发明采用重量比为3:5:2的氧化钠、氧化钙与硅酸钠作为助熔料,在进行高温烧成陶瓷制品的过程中,氧化钠与氧化钙将坯体的初始烧结温度降低,提升烧成陶瓷的机械强度,使坯体不易开裂变形,从而提升烧成率;木质素磺酸钠既能作为减水剂降低坯体中的含水量,减少坯体烧制后的空隙率,从而提高坯体的耐热性能,又能作为分散剂,使坯体原料分散更均匀,改善其流动性,减少坯体空隙率。
(2)、本发明在坯体与釉料之间增加了一层隔热层,能够有效的起到隔热保温的作用,使陶瓷制品在外界温度剧烈波动下依然能保存完好,隔热层以玻璃纤维粉、岩棉粉、硅酸钠以及六偏磷酸钠作为原料,玻璃纤维粉耐热性、抗腐蚀性好,机械强度高,与岩棉粉都具有低孔隙率的结构,使得导热率较低,可以作为优质的绝热材料;硅酸钠强度高、耐热性能好,其硬化后形成的二氧化硅网状骨架,在高温下强度下降很小,当与玻璃纤维粉混合配制时,耐热温度可达到1000℃;六偏磷酸钠和硅酸钠共同作为粘性剂,使隔热层能够牢固地连接坯体与坯釉,在高温烧成时依然能保持其稳定的粘结作用。
(3)、本发明采用万孔筛,筛余量为3%-7%与万孔筛,筛余量为4%-6%分别对坯体浆料与釉料浆料过筛,目的是控制陶瓷制品原料的细度,原料细度对陶瓷制品的耐热性有着显著的影响。细度越高,则其活性就越高,比表面积就越大,可以降低反应温度,烧成时反应就比较彻底。从而生成更多分布均匀、热膨胀系数较低的低膨胀晶体,耐热性也就越好,但原料细度也不是越高越好,颗粒过粗,则部分较粗颗粒将破坏产品的微观结构,使得产品抗张强度明显下降,同时也带来泥料成型性能、釉面质量的下降;本发明采用1250-1340℃的烧成温度,这样既能保证坯胎充分反应,提高坯体致密度和强度,同时也不会因温度过高导致坯体中的玻璃相明显增多,而导致侵蚀低膨胀晶体相而使陶瓷制品热膨胀系数提高,且烧成温度也不会过低,避免造成坯体生烧,导致坯体的强度低,吸水率大,耐热性能差。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
实施例1
一种耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品,包括坯体、隔热层以及釉料,所述坯体由以下重量份的原料组成:橄榄岩35份、木质素磺酸钠5份、石英12份、粘土13份、辉钼矿22-28份、助熔料14份、锂辉石18份、莫来石10份、钠长石9份,所述助溶料由氧化钠、氧化钙以及硅酸钠按照重量比为3:5:2的比例混合而成;所述隔热层由以下重量份的原料组成:玻璃纤维粉18份、岩棉粉14份、硅酸钠8份、六偏磷酸钠2份;所述釉料由以下重量份的原料组成:莫来石20份、高岭土30份、锂辉石14份、钾长石12份、粘土5份。
本实施例还提供一种制备所述耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品的工艺,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、按照重量份称取坯体原料粉碎后放入球磨机中混合,加入坯料总重量份的50%水,球磨16h后通过万孔筛,筛余量为3%,得到坯体浆料;
步骤2、将步骤1所得坯体浆料压滤脱水成泥饼,使得泥饼中的含水量少于18%,将泥饼塑造成型,在温度为35℃,湿度为10%条件下晾干6h后得到素坯;
步骤3、将步骤2得到的素坯放入窑炉中素烧2.5h,素烧温度为800℃,冷却后出窑,得到素胎;
步骤4、按照重量份称取隔热层原料粉碎后放入球磨机中混合,加入保温层原料总重量20%的水,球磨5h后得到隔热层浆料,将隔热层浆料涂覆于所述素胎表面,隔热层厚度为0.68mm,在温度为35℃,湿度为10%条件下晾干3h;
步骤5、按照重量份称取釉料原料粉碎后放入球磨机中混合,加入釉料原料总重量60%的水,球磨14h后通过万孔筛,筛余量为4%,得到釉料浆料,使用釉料浆料对步骤4得到的涂覆了隔热层的素胎进行上釉,釉层厚度为0.21mm,在温度为35℃,湿度为10%条件下晾干5h;
步骤6、将步骤5得到的上釉后的素胎放入窑炉中烧成20h,烧成温度为1250℃,得到耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品。
实施例2
一种耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品,包括坯体、隔热层以及釉料,所述坯体由以下重量份的原料组成:橄榄岩42份、木质素磺酸钠9份、石英13份、粘土15份、辉钼矿26份、助熔料16份、锂辉石20份、莫来石13份、钠长石10份,所述助溶料由氧化钠、氧化钙以及硅酸钠按照重量比为3:5:2的比例混合而成;所述隔热层由以下重量份的原料组成:玻璃纤维粉23份、岩棉粉15份、硅酸钠11份、六偏磷酸钠2份;所述釉料由以下重量份的原料组成:莫来石23份、高岭土34份、锂辉石15份、钾长石17份、粘土7份。
本实施例还提供一种制备所述耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品的工艺,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、按照重量份称取坯体原料粉碎后放入球磨机中混合,加入坯料总重量份的53%水,球磨18h后通过万孔筛,筛余量为5%,得到坯体浆料;
步骤2、将步骤1所得坯体浆料压滤脱水成泥饼,使得泥饼中的含水量少于18%,将泥饼塑造成型,在温度为43℃,湿度为15%条件下晾干8h后得到素坯;
步骤3、将步骤2得到的素坯放入窑炉中素烧3h,素烧温度为850℃,冷却后出窑,得到素胎;
步骤4、按照重量份称取隔热层原料粉碎后放入球磨机中混合,加入保温层原料总重量27%的水,球磨7h后得到隔热层浆料,将隔热层浆料涂覆于所述素胎表面,隔热层厚度为0.92mm,在温度为41℃,湿度为15%条件下晾干4h;
步骤5、按照重量份称取釉料原料粉碎后放入球磨机中混合,加入釉料原料总重量65%的水,球磨16h后通过万孔筛,筛余量为5%,得到釉料浆料,使用釉料浆料对步骤4得到的涂覆了隔热层的素胎进行上釉,釉层厚度为0.23mm,在温度为42℃,湿度为15%条件下晾干7h;
步骤6、将步骤5得到的上釉后的素胎放入窑炉中烧成26h,烧成温度为1285℃,得到耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品。
实施例3
一种耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品,包括坯体、隔热层以及釉料,所述坯体由以下重量份的原料组成:橄榄岩48份、木质素磺酸钠12份、石英14份、粘土16份、辉钼矿28份、助熔料18份、锂辉石22份、莫来石15份、钠长石12份,所述助溶料由氧化钠、氧化钙以及硅酸钠按照重量比为3:5:2的比例混合而成;所述隔热层由以下重量份的原料组成:玻璃纤维粉26份、岩棉粉17份、硅酸钠12份、六偏磷酸钠3份;所述釉料由以下重量份的原料组成:莫来石25份、高岭土38份、锂辉石16份、钾长石20份、粘土8份。
本实施例还提供一种制备所述耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品的工艺,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、按照重量份称取坯体原料粉碎后放入球磨机中混合,加入坯料总重量份的55%水,球磨20h后通过万孔筛,筛余量为7%,得到坯体浆料;
步骤2、将步骤1所得坯体浆料压滤脱水成泥饼,使得泥饼中的含水量少于18%,将泥饼塑造成型,在温度为48℃,湿度为20%条件下晾干10h后得到素坯;
步骤3、将步骤2得到的素坯放入窑炉中素烧4h,素烧温度为900℃,冷却后出窑,得到素胎;
步骤4、按照重量份称取隔热层原料粉碎后放入球磨机中混合,加入保温层原料总重量35%的水,球磨9h后得到隔热层浆料,将隔热层浆料涂覆于所述素胎表面,隔热层厚度为1.25mm,在温度为48℃,湿度为20%条件下晾干5h;
步骤5、按照重量份称取釉料原料粉碎后放入球磨机中混合,加入釉料原料总重量70%的水,球磨18h后通过万孔筛,筛余量为6%,得到釉料浆料,使用釉料浆料对步骤4得到的涂覆了隔热层的素胎进行上釉,釉层厚度为0.24mm,在温度为48℃,湿度为20%条件下晾干8h;
步骤6、将步骤5得到的上釉后的素胎放入窑炉中烧成32h,烧成温度为1340℃,得到耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品。
对比例1
对比例1与实施例2的原料配方与制备方法相同,不同之处在于对比例1坯体原料中橄榄石与辉钼矿换成了高岭土。
对比例2
对比例1与实施例2的原料配方与制备方法相同,不同之处在于对比例2中没有隔热层。
通过对实施例1-实施例3以及对比例1和对比例2所制成的陶瓷制品分别进硬度和热稳定性测试,测试方法如下:
硬度测试:使用金刚石压头加载压入法,测试维氏硬度,即用对角面为136°的金刚石四棱椎体做压头,在9.807~490.3(1~50kgf)的载荷作用下,压入陶瓷表面,保持一定时间后卸除载荷,材料表面便留下一个压痕,测量压痕对角线的长度和压痕面积,求出单位面积上承受的载荷——应力,即维氏硬度HV,数值越高,硬度越大。
热稳定性测试:取5片白陶瓷制品碎片作为试样,置于280℃条件下保温300分钟,保温结束后取出试样并进行核算,在15s内急速投入温度为20℃的水中,浸泡10分钟,其中,水的重量与试样重量之比为8:1,水面高出试样25mm,取出试样用布揩干,涂上红色墨水,检查有无裂纹,24 h后再复查一次,产生裂纹越少,试样的热稳定性越好。
测试结果如下表1所示:
从上表1可以看实施例2各项检测数值均最好,为最优实施例。
最后应说明的是:以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品,其特征在于,包括坯体、隔热层以及釉料,所述坯体由以下重量份的原料组成:橄榄岩35-48份、木质素磺酸钠5-12份、石英12-14份、粘土13-16份、辉钼矿22-28份、助熔料14-18份、锂辉石18-22份、莫来石10-15份、钠长石9-12份;所述隔热层由以下重量份的原料组成:玻璃纤维粉18-26份、岩棉粉14-17份、硅酸钠8-12份、六偏磷酸钠2-3份;所述釉料由以下重量份的原料组成:莫来石20-25份、高岭土30-38份、锂辉石14-16份、钾长石12-20份、粘土5-8份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品,其特征在于,包括坯体、隔热层以及釉料,所述坯体由以下重量份的原料组成:橄榄岩42份、木质素磺酸钠8份、石英13份、粘土15份、辉钼矿26份、助熔料15份、锂辉石20份、莫来石13份、钠长石11份、硅酸钙9份;所述隔热层由以下重量份的原料组成:玻璃纤维粉22份、岩棉粉15份、硅酸钠9份、六偏磷酸钠3份;所述釉料由以下重量份的原料组成:莫来石23份、高岭土35份、锂辉石15份、钾长石17份、粘土7份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品,其特征在于,所述助熔料由氧化钠、氧化钙以及硅酸钠按照重量比为3:5:2的比例混合而成。
4.一种制备权利要求1或2所述耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品的工艺,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、按照重量份称取坯体原料粉碎后放入球磨机中混合,加入坯料总重量份的50%-55%水,球磨16-20h后通过万孔筛,筛余量为3%-7%,得到坯体浆料;
步骤2、将步骤1所得坯体浆料压滤脱水成泥饼,使得泥饼中的含水量少于18%,将泥饼塑造成型,晾干6-10h后得到素坯;
步骤3、将步骤2得到的素坯放入窑炉中素烧2.5-4h,素烧温度为800-900℃,冷却后出窑,得到素胎;
步骤4、按照重量份称取隔热层原料粉碎后放入球磨机中混合,加入保温层原料总重量20%-35%的水,球磨5-9h后得到隔热层浆料,将隔热层浆料涂覆于所述素胎表面,隔热层厚度为0.68-1.25mm,晾干3-5h;
步骤5、按照重量份称取釉料原料粉碎后放入球磨机中混合,加入釉料原料总重量60%-70%的水,球磨14-18h后通过万孔筛,筛余量为4%-6%,得到釉料浆料,使用釉料浆料对步骤4得到的涂覆了隔热层的素胎进行上釉,釉层厚度为0.12-0.24mm,晾干5-8h;
步骤6、将步骤5得到的上釉后的素胎放入窑炉中烧成20-32h,烧成温度为1250-1340℃,得到耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品的制备工艺,其特征在于,所述步骤2、步骤4以及步骤5中进行晾干的条件为:温度为35-48℃,湿度为10%-20%。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201810737619.9A CN108793990B (zh) | 2018-07-06 | 2018-07-06 | 一种耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品及其制备工艺 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201810737619.9A CN108793990B (zh) | 2018-07-06 | 2018-07-06 | 一种耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品及其制备工艺 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN108793990A CN108793990A (zh) | 2018-11-13 |
CN108793990B true CN108793990B (zh) | 2020-04-17 |
Family
ID=64075626
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201810737619.9A Active CN108793990B (zh) | 2018-07-06 | 2018-07-06 | 一种耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品及其制备工艺 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN108793990B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109836119B (zh) * | 2019-02-14 | 2022-06-21 | 亚细亚建筑材料股份有限公司 | 一种具有阻热避冷功能的温感陶瓷及制作方法与应用 |
CN110419914A (zh) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-11-08 | 福建省德化县溢茂工艺有限公司 | 釉面不龟裂热震性稳的红土釉下彩工艺瓷及其制备工艺 |
CN111423119A (zh) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-07-17 | 佛山科学技术学院 | 一种耐高温釉料 |
CN112250309B (zh) * | 2020-11-18 | 2022-04-29 | 广东欧文莱陶瓷有限公司 | 一种具有耐磨作用的仿天然麻石瓷砖及其制备方法 |
CN112640689B (zh) * | 2021-01-05 | 2023-07-14 | 福建省德化鑫东宝瓷业有限公司 | 透气型陶瓷花盆及其制备工艺 |
CN114959680B (zh) * | 2021-11-16 | 2023-11-14 | 湖北理工学院 | 一种热障涂层及其制备方法 |
CN114907146B (zh) * | 2022-04-07 | 2023-03-10 | 景德镇陶瓷大学 | 一种增强日用陶瓷的坯釉中间层材料以及陶瓷制品的制备方法 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH09512314A (ja) * | 1994-04-13 | 1997-12-09 | クロンプトン,ジェフリ | 軽量遮断パネル |
CN102815922A (zh) * | 2012-08-29 | 2012-12-12 | 临澧县杰海陶瓷有限责任公司 | 保温隔热瓦的制作工艺方法 |
CN107200552A (zh) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-09-26 | 福建省德化县九鼎陶瓷有限公司 | 日用耐干烧陶瓷及其制造工艺 |
CN107619257A (zh) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-01-23 | 福建省中科养生健康瓷有限公司 | 一种负离子养生陶瓷制品及其制造工艺 |
CN108164249A (zh) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-06-15 | 福建省德化县中国白陶瓷有限责任公司 | 一种高光泽度白玉瓷制品及其制造工艺 |
-
2018
- 2018-07-06 CN CN201810737619.9A patent/CN108793990B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH09512314A (ja) * | 1994-04-13 | 1997-12-09 | クロンプトン,ジェフリ | 軽量遮断パネル |
CN102815922A (zh) * | 2012-08-29 | 2012-12-12 | 临澧县杰海陶瓷有限责任公司 | 保温隔热瓦的制作工艺方法 |
CN107200552A (zh) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-09-26 | 福建省德化县九鼎陶瓷有限公司 | 日用耐干烧陶瓷及其制造工艺 |
CN107619257A (zh) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-01-23 | 福建省中科养生健康瓷有限公司 | 一种负离子养生陶瓷制品及其制造工艺 |
CN108164249A (zh) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-06-15 | 福建省德化县中国白陶瓷有限责任公司 | 一种高光泽度白玉瓷制品及其制造工艺 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN108793990A (zh) | 2018-11-13 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN108793990B (zh) | 一种耐冷、耐热性强的陶瓷制品及其制备工艺 | |
CN108585818B (zh) | 一种高硬度低温强化瓷制品及其烧成工艺 | |
CN109279884B (zh) | 一种高强度堇青石-莫来石陶瓷辊棒及其制备方法 | |
CN108164249B (zh) | 一种高光泽度白玉瓷制品及其制造工艺 | |
CN112125519B (zh) | 日用白瓷的高白透光釉层及其制备方法 | |
CN102634319A (zh) | 一种超硬磨具用新型微晶磨料及其制造方法 | |
CN109320213A (zh) | 一种高致密度耐火陶瓷制品及其制备工艺 | |
CN109053139B (zh) | 白瓷坯体及其制备方法 | |
CN113213887A (zh) | 一种高抗热震性陶瓷器皿及其制备方法 | |
CN112321288B (zh) | 一种具有可精细加工性的超白岩板及其制备方法 | |
CN111302763A (zh) | 一种如脂玉白陶瓷制品及其制备方法 | |
CN110256042A (zh) | 一种抗折抗热震陶瓷坯料、抗折抗热震陶瓷制品及其制备方法 | |
CN107555948A (zh) | 一种耐磨陶瓷制品及其制造工艺 | |
CN112707717A (zh) | 一种高强度中温裂纹釉陶瓷制品及其制作方法 | |
RU2425084C1 (ru) | Способ изготовления легковесного проппанта и проппант | |
CN110510876A (zh) | 一种哑光釉及其制备方法 | |
CN109293379B (zh) | 氧化铬砖及其制备方法 | |
CN110256062B (zh) | 一种中温日用双面裂纹釉陶瓷和制备方法 | |
CN110963791B (zh) | 自释釉诱发剂、自释釉陶瓷砖及其制备方法 | |
CN114644506A (zh) | 环保高白度日用陶瓷制品及其制备工艺 | |
CN108314425B (zh) | 一种白陶瓷制品的制造方法 | |
CN113582708A (zh) | 一种岩板底浆配方及制备工艺 | |
CN104860647A (zh) | 一种高强薄胎瓷器的制造方法 | |
CN116375459B (zh) | 一种高硅功能瓷及其制备方法 | |
CN108911721B (zh) | 骨料型氧化铬耐火材料及其制备方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |