CN108781874B

CN108781874B - Planting system for transforming hydroponic seedlings into soil-cultured seedlings

Info

Publication number: CN108781874B
Application number: CN201810678964.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 祝遵崚; 火艳
Original assignee: Nanjing Forestry University
Current assignee: Nanjing Forestry University
Priority date: 2018-06-27
Filing date: 2018-06-27
Publication date: 2023-07-07
Anticipated expiration: 2038-06-27
Also published as: CN108781874A

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting system for transforming water planting seedlings into soil planting seedlings, and belongs to the field of seedling planting. Comprises a frame body, wherein the inside of the frame body is divided into an aquatic zone capable of hydroponic plants, a transition zone provided with a cultivation substrate and a maturing zone provided with the cultivation substrate from top to bottom by a detachable partition board; a plurality of planting plates for fixing plant stems are arranged above the aquatic area; the frame bodies of the transition area and the maturation area are provided with ventilation holes, sponge plugs are plugged in the ventilation holes, the bottom of the maturation area is provided with a bottom plate, the bottom plate is provided with a water outlet, and a water storage tank is arranged below the bottom plate; the frame body of the aquatic zone is provided with a drain hole, the water guide pipe penetrates through the drain hole, and two ends of the water guide pipe are respectively communicated with the aquatic zone and the water storage tank. The invention can be matched with the growth change of the root system, dynamically adjust the structure of the device, promote the growth of the root system, induce the transformation of the hydroponic root system to the soil culture root system, and complete the whole transformation process by one-time planting, thereby having the advantages of detachability, recycling property, simplicity and economy.

Description

Planting system for transforming hydroponic seedlings into soil-cultured seedlings

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of water planting systems, in particular to a planting system for transforming water planting seedlings into soil planting seedlings.

Background

In the field of plant cultivation, how to transform seedlings cultivated in one way into seedlings cultivated in another way has been the focus of research. Some plants are easy to root by water culture, and other modes are not easy to root, so that the root system is cultivated by the water culture mode. The water planting seedlings are often subjected to phenomena of rotten roots, reduced growth vigor, overlong root systems and overgrowth of branches after being cultivated for a period of time, so that the water planting seedlings are required to be converted into soil planting seedlings. The exercise of the water culture root system and the culture of the soil culture root system are important components of the water culture technology for improving the reproduction rate. The transformation of the root system needs to gradually change different culture matrixes and water-oxygen environments according to the growth of the root system, so that the steps are often complicated, different devices are needed, and the whole operation cannot be completed at one time.

In the field of plant research, the existing discussion of aquatic root systems and soil root systems is focused on comparing the difference of water planting and soil planting root systems, but how to transform and transition between the two is not yet researched, and a cultivation device for cultivating transformed seedlings is lacking.

The comparison of the hydroponic root system and the soil culture root system, taking European hornbeam as an example, has great difference: the hydroponic root system basically has no lignification, the adventitious root is long and straight, the lateral root is few and short, the root hair is absent, the root system water content is high, the root system activity is low, while the soil culture root system is mostly lignified, the main root is thick, the lateral root is many and curved, the root hair is abundant, the root system water content is low, and the root system activity is higher. Therefore, the hydroponic root system lacks strong mechanical supporting force and lacks absorbing tissues suitable for soil environment, so that the hydroponic root system is directly transplanted into soil, the root system is difficult to adapt to the soil environment, the root system is easy to rot, and the transplanting survival rate is very low.

At present, no special cultivation device is available for transforming the water culture seedling into the soil culture seedling, and Chinese patent CN2016209380617 discloses a planting device capable of simultaneously cultivating water culture plants and soil culture plants; the Chinese patent CN20080058325. X discloses a method for inducing the earth-cultivated camellia to form a water-cultivated root system, which does not relate to the design of a device, has more steps and can not finish the transformation by one-step operation.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention provides the water-oxygen environment transformation planting device with the dynamic adjusting device structure matched with the growth change of the root system, which can promote the growth of the root system and induce the transformation of the water planting root system to the soil planting root system, and one device can complete the whole transformation process by one-time planting, and has the advantages of detachability, recyclability, simplicity and economy.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a planting system for converting water planting seedlings into soil planting seedlings comprises a frame body, wherein the inside of the frame body is divided into an aquatic zone capable of water planting plants, a transition zone provided with a cultivation substrate and a maturing zone provided with the cultivation substrate from top to bottom by a detachable partition board; a plurality of planting plates for fixing plant stems are arranged above the aquatic area; the frame bodies of the transition area and the maturation area are provided with ventilation holes, sponge plugs are plugged in the ventilation holes, the bottom of the maturation area is provided with a bottom plate, the bottom plate is provided with a water outlet, and a water storage tank is arranged below the bottom plate; the frame body of the aquatic zone is provided with a drain hole, the water guide pipe penetrates through the drain hole, and two ends of the water guide pipe are respectively communicated with the aquatic zone and the water storage tank.

According to a further technical scheme, the detachable partition board is provided with protruding blocks on two sides of the partition board, and the protruding blocks can horizontally slide in the grooves in the frame body.

According to a further technical scheme, after the partition board is installed on the frame body, a sealing rubber strip is arranged at the joint of the protruding block and the groove. Further enhancing the sealing performance between adjacent areas and preventing the water, culture medium and the like in the upper culture area from influencing the lower culture area.

According to a further technical scheme, the cultivation medium in the transition zone is as follows: sequentially arranging a soilless substrate, a fertilizer layer and a drainage layer from top to bottom;

the culture medium of the mature region is as follows: soil, a fertilizer layer and a drainage layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.

According to a further technical scheme, a water diversion line penetrating through a sponge plug is arranged in an air hole of the transition region, two ends of the water diversion line are communicated with the transition region and the water storage tank, and water in the water storage tank is led into a matrix of the transition region by the water diversion line;

the air holes of the maturation zone can be used for the water guide pipe to pass through, and the two ends of the water guide pipe are respectively communicated with the maturation zone and the water storage tank.

According to a further technical scheme, the water storage tank is provided with a water outlet.

According to a further technical scheme, magnets are arranged on the detachable partition plate and the bottom plate. The plant root system is attracted to grow downwards through magnetic force, water and fertilizer.

According to a further technical scheme, the frame body is provided with a transparent window, so that the growth of plant roots can be observed.

Further technical scheme, the field planting board form through the draw-in groove concatenation by two rectangular boards that the size is equal, be equipped with the plant field planting hole that aperture is 3 mm-20 mm on the rectangular board. A plurality of field planting plates are placed above the aquatic area, and the quantity and the aperture size can be adjusted according to the plant size.

According to a further technical scheme, a pipe clamp for controlling a water flow switch is arranged at the end part, close to the water storage tank, of the water guide pipe.

Further technical scheme, the framework form by four plate body end to end concatenation, the tip of plate body be equipped with cell body, button, the tip of the plate body of its concatenation is equipped with socket, indentation, spring, the spring locate in the socket, indentation links to each other with the spring, one side of socket is equipped with the opening that supplies the indentation to launch out, during the concatenation, the socket is installed in the cell body, control button can promote indentation to spring compression. When the plate body is separated, the retracting part extends to the opening of the socket part due to the elasticity of the spring and is positioned outside the socket part, when the plate body is spliced, the retracting part compresses the spring to enter the socket part, after the spring enters the groove body, the retracting part ejects the shell after the spring is relaxed and is clamped out of the groove body, and the structure ensures that the adjacent plate bodies can be firmly combined and separated. The plate body can be detached, so that the horizontal sliding of the detachable partition plate is convenient. The bottom plate is also a detachable structure and can be separated from the frame body.

The working flow of the invention is as follows:

1. and (3) placing a drainage layer, a fertilizer layer and soil (dry and sterile nutrient soil and garden soil) in the mature region from bottom to top. Sponge plugs are plugged into the side wall holes of the mature region and the transition region. And placing a water guide pipe into the side wall hole of the water area, and closing the pipe clamp. The nutrient solution is discharged from a water guide pipe and a Kong Zhuman aquatic area, plants are fixed on a planting plate, and growth of aquatic root systems is induced.

2. When the partition board from the root system to the bottom of the aquatic zone is observed through the transparent window, the growth of the plant aquatic root system is good. The water guide pipe is inserted into the drain hole on the side wall of the aquatic area, the pipe clamp on the water guide pipe and the water outlet hole of the water storage tank are opened, and the nutrient solution is drained to the water storage tank and is discharged out of the planting system through the water outlet hole. And (3) drawing out a partition plate between the water generation area and the transition area, and drawing out a water guide pipe. The water diversion rope is placed at the bottom of the transition zone through the air holes on the side wall of the transition zone, and the other end of the water diversion rope is placed in the water storage tank. And a wet drainage layer, a fertilizer layer and a soilless matrix layer (wet perlite, vermiculite and other light matrixes) are sequentially paved at the bottom of the transition zone from bottom to top, and the soilless matrix is scattered into and fills the original aquatic zone. And filling the water storage tank with water, and leading the water into the bottom of the transition zone by the water diversion rope.

3. When the partition plate with the root system growing to the bottom of the transition zone is observed through the transparent window, the plant root system grows well in the light matrix. And taking out the partition plate between the transition area and the mature area, and drawing out the water diversion rope. The water guide pipe is inserted into the mature region through the air holes on the side wall, clean water is injected until water flows out from the water guide hole, the water guide pipe is taken out, and the sponge plug is plugged. When no water exists in the water storage tank, water is filled up again, so that water enters the bottom of the mature region through the water diversion hole.

4. When the root system grows to the bottom plate at the bottom of the mature region through the transparent window, the water culture seedlings are converted into soil culture seedlings. The planting system can be placed in the soil planting hole, and the bottom plate is taken out. And filling nutrient soil and garden soil into the planting holes, compacting, and completing the transplanting.

Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:

1. the invention passes through the transition zone before being transferred into the soil culture, and the substrate particles are utilized to lead the root system to be rubbed in the growth process, thereby promoting the formation of lignification; the particle obstruction of the matrix promotes root branching and lateral root generation, so that a strong root system support is formed, and the strong root system support force is achieved; according to adsorption exchange on the surfaces of the matrix particles, the generation of root hairs is promoted, and the absorption of moisture, mineral substances and the like from the surfaces of the particles by the root hairs is promoted; because mineral elements are not directly dissolved in the aqueous solution, the generation of a large number of ion channels of the root system is promoted, the activity of the root system is improved, and the absorption capacity of the root system is promoted. Therefore, the transformed seedlings cultivated by the method have higher transplanting survival rate.

2. The transition zone and the maturation zone are internally provided with the drainage layer and the fertilizer layer, the bottom partition plate is provided with the magnet, the magnet has a promotion effect on the growth of plant roots, the generation of new roots is stimulated, the fertilizer attracts the roots to grow downwards rapidly, the aging of the hydroponic roots is inhibited, the drainage layer discharges redundant water, the roots are prevented from being soaked in water for a long time, and the growth and survival of the hydroponic roots are facilitated. Compared with the soil culture root system, the water culture root system has the advantages of shorter life cycle and easy aging, and the setting of the water culture root system can slow down the aging and stimulate the generation of new roots to greatly improve the transformation capacity of the root system.

3. Through the use of this system, the plant is followed water planting root system and is banked up with earth the root system conversion, has produced 3 kinds of different types of root systems on same plant, including aquatic root system, matrix cultivate the root system that produces, banked up with earth the root system, and the existence of this 3 kinds of root systems provides very unique plant material for researching the root system to the scientific research problem such as absorption of moisture, mineral substance, heavy metal etc. material, development of root system. Meanwhile, in the field of ornamental gardening and water-cultured vegetables, the seedlings cultivated by the transformation device have higher transplanting survival rate. In addition, the transplanting cultivation technology of a plurality of steps is integrated into a vertical device, so that the efficiency can be greatly improved, and the manpower, materials, time and occupied area are saved.

4. The invention gradually converts the hydroponic root system into the soil culture root system by inducing the plant root system to pass through water culture (a hydroponic region), matrix culture (a transition region) and soil culture (a mature region), and the whole conversion process can be completed by only one-time planting, thereby being convenient and easy to implement.

5. According to the invention, the partition plates can be removed according to the growth state and length of plants, the drain holes, the ventilation holes and the like can be adjusted, and the dynamic adjusting device structure is matched with the water-oxygen environment conversion planting device with root growth change, so that the device has the advantages of detachability and recyclability.

6. The frame body of the invention is provided with holes which can be plugged into the sponge plug, the holes in the sponge promote air circulation, and the water diversion rope leads water from the water storage tank into the transition area or the maturation area through the sponge plug, so as to regulate the water and oxygen content in the culture medium.

7. The partition plate is convenient to assemble and disassemble by matching the convex blocks and the grooves, and the sealing rubber strips are added to fully prevent water from dripping.

8. The frame body is provided with the transparent window, so that the growth of plant root systems can be observed, and the structure and the water-oxygen environment can be regulated at any time.

9. The field planting plate provided by the invention has a plurality of field planting apertures, can be suitable for different water planting seedlings, and has strong wide applicability.

10. The invention can be cleaned and reused after finishing the transformation from the water planting seedling to the soil planting seedling, and has the recycling property.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a structure in which plate bodies are spliced into a frame body;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a structure of a field plate;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the card slot of the field plate;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a plate body provided with a socket portion during placement into a tank body;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a plate body provided with a socket portion without being placed in a tank body;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a plate body provided with a groove body;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the removable separator mounted to the frame;

reference numerals in the drawings: the device comprises a frame body 1, a water zone 2, a transition zone 3, a maturing zone 4, a planting plate 5, an air vent 6, a sponge plug 7, a bottom plate 8, a water drain hole 9, a water storage tank 10, a water drain hole 11, a water guide pipe 12, a detachable partition 13, a convex block 14, a groove 15, a water drainage line 16, a pipe clamp 17, a fertilizer layer 18, a water drain layer 19, a water outlet 20, an soilless substrate 21, soil 22, a plate body 101, a rectangular plate 501, a planting hole 502, a groove body 102, a button 103, a socket 104, a retracting part 105, a spring 106 and a transparent window 107.

Detailed Description

The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1 to 8, a planting system for transforming hydroponic seedlings into soil-cultured seedlings comprises a frame body 1, wherein the interior of the frame body is divided into an aquatic zone 2 capable of hydroponic plants, a transition zone 3 provided with a culture medium and a maturing zone 4 provided with the culture medium from top to bottom by a detachable partition plate 13; a plurality of planting plates 5 for fixing plant stems are arranged above the aquatic zone 2; the frame bodies of the transition zone 3 and the maturation zone 4 are provided with ventilation holes 6, sponge plugs 7 are plugged in the ventilation holes 6, the bottom of the maturation zone 4 is provided with a bottom plate 8, the bottom plate 8 is provided with a water draining hole 9, and a water storage tank 10 is arranged below the bottom plate 8; the frame body of the aquatic zone 2 is provided with a drain hole 11, a water guide pipe 12 penetrates through the drain hole 11, and two ends of the water guide pipe are respectively communicated with the aquatic zone 2 and the water storage tank 10.

The detachable partition 13 is provided with lugs 14 on two sides of the partition, and can horizontally slide in grooves 15 in the frame. After the partition board is arranged on the frame body, a sealing rubber strip is arranged at the joint of the convex block 14 and the groove 15. Further enhancing the sealing performance between adjacent areas and preventing the water, culture medium and the like in the upper culture area from influencing the lower culture area.

The culture medium of the transition zone 3 is as follows: a soilless substrate 21, a fertilizer layer 18 and a drainage layer 19 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom;

the culture medium of the mature region 4 is as follows: soil 22, fertilizer layer 18, drainage layer 19 are disposed in this order from top to bottom.

A water diversion line 16 penetrating through the sponge plug 7 is arranged in the air hole 6 of the transition zone 3, two ends of the water diversion line are communicated with the transition zone 3 and the water storage tank 10, and the water in the water storage tank is led into a matrix of the transition zone by the water diversion line 16;

the air holes 6 of the maturation zone 4 can be used for the water guide pipe 12 to pass through, and two ends of the water guide pipe are respectively communicated with the maturation zone 4 and the water storage tank 10. The water storage tank 10 is provided with a water outlet 20.

Magnets are arranged on the detachable partition plate 13 and the bottom plate 8. The plant root system is attracted to grow downwards through magnetic force, water and fertilizer.

The frame body 1 is provided with a transparent window 107, so that the growth of plant root systems can be observed.

The planting plate 5 is formed by splicing two rectangular plates 501 with the same size through bayonets and clamping grooves, and plant planting holes 502 with the aperture of 3 mm-20 mm are formed in the rectangular plates. A plurality of field planting plates are placed above the aquatic area, and the quantity and the aperture size can be adjusted according to the plant size.

The water guide pipe 12 is provided with a pipe clamp 17 for controlling the water flow switch near the end of the water storage tank 10.

The frame body 1 is formed by splicing four plate bodies 101 end to end; the end of the plate body 101 is provided with a groove body 102 and a button 103, the end of the plate body 101 spliced with the groove body is provided with a socket part 104, a retracting part 105 and a spring 106, the spring 106 is arranged in the socket part 104, the retracting part 105 is connected with the spring 106, one side of the socket part 104 is provided with an opening for the retracting part 105 to eject out, the socket part 104 is arranged in the groove body 102 during splicing, and the control button 103 can push the retracting part 105 to compress the spring 106. When the plate body is separated, the retracting part extends to the opening of the socket part due to the elasticity of the spring and is positioned outside the socket part, when the plate body is spliced, the retracting part compresses the spring to enter the socket part, after the spring enters the groove body, the retracting part ejects the shell after the spring is relaxed and is clamped out of the groove body, and the structure ensures that the adjacent plate bodies can be firmly combined and separated. The plate body can be detached, so that the horizontal sliding of the detachable partition plate is convenient. The bottom plate is also a detachable structure and can be separated from the frame body.

Claims

1. A planting system for converting hydroponic seedlings into soil-cultured seedlings comprises a frame body and is characterized in that the inside of the frame body is divided into an aquatic area capable of hydroponic plants, a transition area provided with a culture medium and a maturing area provided with the culture medium from top to bottom by a detachable partition board; a plurality of planting plates for fixing plant stems are arranged above the aquatic area; the frame bodies of the transition area and the maturation area are provided with ventilation holes, sponge plugs are plugged in the ventilation holes, the bottom of the maturation area is provided with a bottom plate, the bottom plate is provided with a water outlet, and a water storage tank is arranged below the bottom plate; the frame body of the aquatic zone is provided with a drain hole, the water guide pipe penetrates through the drain hole, and two ends of the water guide pipe are respectively communicated with the aquatic zone and the water storage tank;

a water diversion line penetrating through the sponge plug is arranged in the air hole of the transition region, two ends of the water diversion line are communicated with the transition region and the water storage tank, and the water in the water storage tank is led into a matrix of the transition region by the water diversion line; a water diversion line penetrating through the sponge plug is arranged in the air hole of the maturation zone, and two ends of the water diversion line are respectively communicated with the maturation zone and the water storage tank;

the frame body is provided with a transparent window, so that the growth of plant root systems can be observed.

2. The planting system for converting hydroponic seedlings into soil seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the detachable partition plates are provided with protruding blocks at two sides of the partition plates and can horizontally slide in the grooves in the frame body.

3. The planting system for transforming hydroponic seedlings into soil seedlings according to claim 1, wherein after the partition board is installed on the frame body, a joint of the convex block and the groove is provided with a sealing rubber strip.

4. The system for transplanting transformed hydroponic seedlings to soil according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation medium in the transition area is: sequentially arranging a soilless substrate, a fertilizer layer and a drainage layer from top to bottom;

5. The planting system for converting hydroponic seedlings to soil culture seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the water storage tank is provided with a water outlet.

6. The planting system for transforming hydroponic seedlings into soil culture seedlings according to claim 1, wherein magnets are arranged on the detachable partition plate and the bottom plate.

7. The planting system for transforming water planting seedlings into soil planting seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the planting plates are formed by splicing two rectangular plates with the same size through clamping grooves, and plant planting holes with the aperture of 3 mm-20 mm are formed in the rectangular plates.

8. The planting system for converting hydroponic seedlings to soil culture seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the water guide pipe is provided with a pipe clamp for controlling a water flow switch at an end part close to the water storage tank.

9. The planting system for transforming water planting seedlings into soil planting seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the frame body is formed by splicing four plate bodies end to end; the end of the plate body is provided with a groove body and a button, the end of the plate body spliced with the groove body is provided with a socket part, a retracting part and a spring, the spring is arranged in the socket part, the retracting part is connected with the spring, one side of the socket part is provided with an opening for the retracting part to eject out, during splicing, the socket part is arranged in the groove body, and the control button can push the retracting part to compress the spring.