CN108739637A - 一种香猪的养殖方法 - Google Patents
一种香猪的养殖方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108739637A CN108739637A CN201810418721.2A CN201810418721A CN108739637A CN 108739637 A CN108739637 A CN 108739637A CN 201810418721 A CN201810418721 A CN 201810418721A CN 108739637 A CN108739637 A CN 108739637A
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- parts
- pig
- fragrant
- fragrant pig
- herbal medicine
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种香猪的养殖方法,包括以下步骤:(1)场地改建;(2)消毒处理;(3)饲养密度;(4)饲养管理:猪养殖过程采用如下质量份的原料组成的饲料饲养:青饲料20~50份、红薯1~5份、萝卜3~7份、南瓜3~8份、冬瓜1~5份、秸秆1~5份、豆壳5~9份、玉米40~60份、稻谷17~37份、高粱13~19份、骨粉1~3份、贝壳粉2~4份、磷酸氢钙0.1~0.5份、微量元素0.01~0.05份、中草药1~5份;饲养量为每日每头香猪1~3kg;(5)疾病预防。本发明的香猪养殖方法,猪的长势好,养殖过程不添加任何添加剂和药物,饲养得到的香猪天然有机,营养健康。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及畜禽养殖技术领域,具体涉及一种香猪的养殖方法。
背景技术
香猪具有体型小,皮薄肉嫩,骨细,早熟与肉质优良等特点,香猪体驱短而矮小,被毛全黑,皮薄而细嫩,骨骼细小,头大小适中而较直,嘴中等长,额面部有纵行皱纹,形状多样,耳较小呈荷叶状。略向前伸稍下垂或两侧平,颈部短而细,背腰稍凹,腹部较大,四脚短细,尾巴细小,尾端毛呈白色。香猪香味浓郁,早熟易肥,耐粗饲,抗病力强,香猪肉总不饱和脂肪酸含量丰富,减少心血管疾病。同时,香猪肉中含有丰富的硒,具有抗癌、抗衰老、增强机体免疫力等功效。绿色天然的香猪以其独特的风味和品质,将逐渐成为家猪的替代品和新型的保健食品而倍受广大消费者的青睐。
目前,香猪的饲料越来越精,许多饲料不添加粗饲料,使猪的杂食潜能未能得到开发,造成饲料越来越贵,养猪成本越来越高,肉质越来越差。为了降低养殖成本,养殖户在猪的日粮中添加粗纤维,但由于肉猪不能消化太多的粗饲料,青饲料添加量受限制。因此,配制合理的饲料配方,锻炼猪对粗纤维的消化能力具有重要意义。且香猪大多采用散养方式养殖,生长慢,经济效益差。
发明内容
本发明克服了上述猪对粗纤维的消化能力,饲料配方不合理,采用散养方式养殖,生长慢的技术问题的缺点,提供可一种香猪的养殖方法。
为解决上述问题,本发明采取如下技术方案:
一种香猪的养殖方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)场地改建:选择空旷的山林作为香猪的养殖场,并在养殖厂中种植皇竹草、生槐、菊苣的一种或多种;
(2)消毒处理:采用消毒剂定期对养殖场消毒;
(3)饲养密度:每亩山林养殖20~50头香猪;
(4)饲养管理:猪养殖过程采用如下质量份的原料组成的饲料饲养:青饲料20~50份、红薯1~5份、萝卜3~7份、南瓜3~8份、冬瓜1~5份、秸秆1~5份、豆壳5~9份、玉米40~60份、稻谷17~37份、高粱13~19份、骨粉1~3份、贝壳粉2~4份、磷酸氢钙0.1~0.5份、微量元素0.01~0.05份、中草药1~5份;饲养量为每日每头香猪1~3kg;所述的青饲料为皇竹草、生槐、菊苣的一种或几种;
(5)疾病预防:每天观察香猪饮食状况,发现病猪及时隔离。
其中,所述的中草药由质量份的原料组成:艾叶1~5份、断肠苗3~8份、雷公根9~15份、狗脊12~17份、槟榔6~13份、使君子1~7份、蛇床子6~9份、芜荑12~15份、鹤虱1~5份、黄芪2~8份、熟地1~5份、雷丸1~5份。
其中,所述的饲料由如下步骤制得:将青饲料打浆备用;将红薯、萝卜、南瓜、冬瓜、秸秆、豆壳、玉米、稻谷、高粱粉碎后混合;将中草药煎煮后,过滤去掉药渣取得滤液,将滤液与打浆后的青饲料混合后添加发酵菌后发酵,再填加骨粉、贝壳粉、磷酸氢钙和微量元素后混合制粒即制成所述饲料。
其中,所述的发酵菌由放线菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、EM菌、乳酸菌组成。
其中,所述的消毒剂含有如下质量浓度的成分:中草药木醋液200~300g/L,微生物菌1~10g/L;所述的微生物菌由白僵菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、放线菌、EM菌组成。
其中,所述的中草药木醋液由如下方法制备得到:将艾叶、断肠苗、雷公根、狗脊、槟榔、使君子、蛇床子、芜荑、鹤虱、黄芪、熟地、雷丸煎煮后过滤得到的药渣置于干馏釜中,加入质量浓度为20%的乙醇溶液后升温至300~350℃后保温1~2h收集木醋液得到所述中草药木醋液。
优选的,20%的乙醇溶液的添加量为药渣质量的1~5%。
本发明采用的部分中草药的药性如下:
本发明的保健中草药的药性如下:
艾叶:苦辛,温,全草入药,有温经、去湿、散寒、止血、消炎、平喘、止咳、安胎、抗过敏等作用。
黄芪:味甘微温,具有补气固表,利尿托毒,排脓,敛疮生肌的功效。用于气虚乏力,食少便溏,中气下陷,久泻脱肛,便血崩漏,表虚自汗,痈疽难溃,久溃不敛,血虚萎黄,内热消渴。
熟地:甘,微温。归肝、肾经;补血养阴,填精益髓,
断肠苗:辛,温,大有毒,主治:金疮乳至,中恶风,咳逆上气,水肿,杀鬼疰蛊毒
雷公根:性寒,味苦辛,清热解毒,利湿消肿;湿热黄疸,中暑腹泻,砂淋血淋,痈肿疮毒,跌扑损伤。
狗脊:味苦、甘,性温;归肝、肾经;具有强腰膝,祛风湿,固肾气的功效,主治肾虚腰痛脊强,足膝软弱无力,风湿痹痛,遗尿,尿频,遗精,白带。
槟榔:具有“杀虫,破积,降气行滞,行水化湿”的功效,曾被用来治疗绦虫、钩虫、蛔虫、蛲虫、姜片虫等寄生虫感染。
使君子:味甘;性温;小毒。归脾;胃经;具有较好的驱虫药。
蛇床子:蛇床子:性温,味苦;温肾壮阳,燥湿,祛风,杀虫。用于阳痿、宫冷、寒湿带下、湿痹腰痛;外治外阴湿疹、妇人阴痒、滴虫性阴道炎。
芜荑:苦辛,温;入脾经、胃经;具有驱虫抗菌作用,芜荑醇浸提取物在体外对猪蛔虫、蚯蚓、蚂蝗皆有显著治虫效力。
雷丸:甘微苦,平;功效:追风散寒,行气止痛;主治消积,杀虫。治虫积腹痛,疳疾,风痫。
鹤虱:苦、辛,平;归脾、胃经;杀虫消积,用于蛔虫病,蛲虫病,绦虫病,虫积腹痛,小儿疳积。
本发明与现有技术相比较具有以下有益效果:
(1)本发明的香猪养殖方法,猪的长势好,养殖过程不添加任何添加剂和药物,饲养得到的香猪天然有机,营养健康。
(2)本发明中草药以槟榔、雷丸、鹤虱、芜荑、蛇床子为主,具有杀菌杀虫效果,对猪体内的寄生虫具有较好的杀灭作用,艾叶、黄芪、熟地、断肠苗、雷公根、狗脊辅药,具有清热解毒,滋阴补益、强身健体的作用,本发明添加中草药后,猪的抗病性好,猪长势好。
(3)本发明在制备方法上,饲料原料经过放线菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、EM菌、乳酸菌复合发酵后,饲料原料中纤维被发酵菌的分泌的酶体系降解,有助于消化和吸收,同时放线菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、EM菌、乳酸菌可改善猪的肠道菌群平衡。本发明采用的饲料成本低,还可促进香猪的生长。
(4)本发明将槟榔、雷丸、鹤虱、芜荑、蛇床子等中草药的药渣制成木醋液,药渣中含有残留的驱虫抑菌成分,以20%乙醇溶液为辅助剂,经干馏后的制备得到的木醋液杀虫抑菌效果强,其与白僵菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、放线菌、EM菌配合,可杀灭养猪场中的有害菌和各种寄生虫,同时消毒剂中的白僵菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、放线菌、EM菌可对养猪场中的猪粪进行发酵,经发酵后的猪粪可直接被皇竹草、生槐、菊苣吸收利用。本发明采用的消毒剂杀虫杀菌效果强,同时还可腐熟猪粪,生态效益好。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例和试验对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
一种香猪的养殖方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)场地改建:选择空旷的山林作为香猪的养殖场,并在养殖厂中种植皇竹草、生槐、菊苣;
(2)消毒处理:采用消毒剂定期对养殖场消毒,所述的消毒剂含有如下质量浓度的成分:中草药木醋液300g/L,微生物菌1g/L;所述的微生物菌由白僵菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、放线菌、EM菌组成;所述的中草药木醋液由如下方法制备得到:将艾叶、断肠苗、雷公根、狗脊、槟榔、使君子、蛇床子、芜荑、鹤虱、黄芪、熟地、雷丸煎煮后过滤得到的药渣置于干馏釜中,加入质量浓度为20%的乙醇溶液后升温至350℃后保温1h收集木醋液得到所述中草药木醋液。20%的乙醇溶液的添加量为药渣质量的5%。
(3)饲养密度:每亩山林养殖20~50头香猪;
(4)饲养管理:猪养殖过程采用如下质量份的原料组成的饲料饲养:青饲料50份、红薯1份、萝卜7份、南瓜3份、冬瓜5份、秸秆1份、豆壳9份、玉米40份、稻谷37份、高粱13份、骨粉3份、贝壳粉2份、磷酸氢钙0.5份、微量元素0.01份、中草药5份;所述的中草药由质量份的原料组成:艾叶5份、断肠苗3份、雷公根15份、狗脊12份、槟榔13份、使君子1份、蛇床子9份、芜荑12份、鹤虱5份、黄芪2份、熟地5份、雷丸1份。所述的青饲料为皇竹草、生槐、菊苣;饲养量为每日每头香猪3kg。
(5)疾病预防:每天观察香猪饮食状况,发现病猪及时隔离。
所述的饲料由如下步骤制得:将青饲料打浆备用;将红薯、萝卜、南瓜、冬瓜、秸秆、豆壳、玉米、稻谷、高粱粉碎后混合;将中草药煎煮后,过滤去掉药渣取得滤液,将滤液与打浆后的青饲料混合后添加发酵菌后发酵,再填加骨粉、贝壳粉、磷酸氢钙和微量元素后混合制粒即制成所述饲料,所述的发酵菌由放线菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、EM菌、乳酸菌组成。
实施例2
一种香猪的养殖方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)场地改建:选择空旷的山林作为香猪的养殖场,并在养殖厂中种植皇竹草;
(2)消毒处理:采用消毒剂定期对养殖场消毒,所述的消毒剂含有如下质量浓度的成分:中草药木醋液200g/L,微生物菌10g/L;所述的微生物菌由白僵菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、放线菌、EM菌组成;所述的中草药木醋液由如下方法制备得到:将艾叶、断肠苗、雷公根、狗脊、槟榔、使君子、蛇床子、芜荑、鹤虱、黄芪、熟地、雷丸煎煮后过滤得到的药渣置于干馏釜中,加入质量浓度为20%的乙醇溶液后升温至300℃后保温2h收集木醋液得到所述中草药木醋液。20%的乙醇溶液的添加量为药渣质量的1%。
(3)饲养密度:每亩山林养殖20头香猪;
(4)饲养管理:猪养殖过程采用如下质量份的原料组成的饲料饲养:青饲料50份、红薯1份、萝卜7份、南瓜3份、冬瓜5份、秸秆1份、豆壳9份、玉米40份、稻37份、高粱13份、骨3份、贝壳粉2份、磷酸氢钙0.5份、微量元素0.01份、中草药5份;所述的中草药由质量份的原料组成:艾叶1份、断肠苗8份、雷公根9份、狗脊17份、槟榔6份、使君子7份、蛇床子6份、芜荑~15份、鹤虱1份、黄芪8份、熟地1份、雷丸5份。所述的青饲料为皇竹草;饲养量为每日每头香猪1kg;
(5)疾病预防:每天观察香猪饮食状况,发现病猪及时隔离。
所述的饲料由如下步骤制得:将青饲料打浆备用;将红薯、萝卜、南瓜、冬瓜、秸秆、豆壳、玉米、稻谷、高粱粉碎后混合;将中草药煎煮后,过滤去掉药渣取得滤液,将滤液与打浆后的青饲料混合后添加发酵菌后发酵,再填加骨粉、贝壳粉、磷酸氢钙和微量元素后混合制粒即制成所述饲料,所述的发酵菌由放线菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、EM菌、乳酸菌组成。
实施例3
一种香猪的养殖方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)场地改建:选择空旷的山林作为香猪的养殖场,并在养殖厂中种植皇竹草和生槐;
(2)消毒处理:采用消毒剂定期对养殖场消毒,所述的消毒剂含有如下质量浓度的成分:中草药木醋液250g/L,微生物菌5g/L;所述的微生物菌由白僵菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、放线菌、EM菌组成;所述的中草药木醋液由如下方法制备得到:将艾叶、断肠苗、雷公根、狗脊、槟榔、使君子、蛇床子、芜荑、鹤虱、黄芪、熟地、雷丸煎煮后过滤得到的药渣置于干馏釜中,加入质量浓度为20%的乙醇溶液后升温至350℃后保温2h收集木醋液得到所述中草药木醋液。20%的乙醇溶液的添加量为药渣质量的3%。
(3)饲养密度:每亩山林养殖30头香猪;
(4)饲养管理:猪养殖过程采用如下质量份的原料组成的饲料饲养:青饲料40份、红薯3份、萝卜5份、南瓜6份、冬瓜3份、秸秆3份、豆壳7份、玉米50份、稻谷20份、高粱15份、骨粉2份、贝壳粉3份、磷酸氢钙0.3份、微量元素0.03份、中草药3份;所述的中草药由质量份的原料组成:艾叶3份、断肠苗5份、雷公根10份、狗脊15份、槟榔10份、使君子5份、蛇床子8份、芜荑14份、鹤虱3份、黄芪6份、熟地3份、雷丸3份。所述的青饲料为皇竹草和生槐;饲养量为每日每头香猪2kg;
(5)疾病预防:每天观察香猪饮食状况,发现病猪及时隔离。
所述的饲料由如下步骤制得:将青饲料打浆备用;将红薯、萝卜、南瓜、冬瓜、秸秆、豆壳、玉米、稻谷、高粱粉碎后混合;将中草药煎煮后,过滤去掉药渣取得滤液,将滤液与打浆后的青饲料混合后添加发酵菌后发酵,再填加骨粉、贝壳粉、磷酸氢钙和微量元素后混合制粒即制成所述饲料,所述的发酵菌由放线菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、EM菌、乳酸菌组成。
为了说明本发明是技术效果,设置如下对比例。
对比例1
对比例1与实施例1提供的香猪养殖方法基本相同,区别在于,对比例1在的饲料制备方法中,发酵菌由枯草芽孢杆菌、EM菌、乳酸菌、木霉菌组成。
对比例2与实施例2提供的香猪养殖方法基本相同,区别在于,对比例2采用石灰水消毒。
对比例3
对比例3与实施例3提供的香猪养殖方法基本相同,区别在于,对比例3的消毒剂中含有木醋液为竹粗液。
对比例4
对比例4与实施例3提供的香猪养殖方法基本相同,区别在于,对比例4的消毒剂中的木醋液的制备方法中不添加20%乙醇溶液。
为了说明本发明的技术效果,依照实施例1、实施例2、实施例3、对比例1、对比例2、对比例3、对比例4提供的香猪养殖,每种方法饲养50头香猪,饲养12个月,观察香猪生长情况记录在表1中。
表1
由表1可知,全期猪净增重:实施例1~实施例3>对比例2~对比例4>对比例1,说明采用相同的饲养量,本发明的养殖方法长势可促进香猪的生长,实施例1中饲料制备方法中,将发酵菌中的放线菌替换成木霉菌后,香猪对饲料的消化吸收大大减弱,香猪长势差,饲料中添加木霉菌不利于饲料的保存,易引起饲料的腐败变质,香猪使用木霉菌后的肠道菌群会失调,影响香猪的生长。放线菌分泌的酶可促进饲料的降解,香猪食用后不会引起肠道菌群失衡。猪患病率对比例2~对比例4>对比例1>实施例1~实施例3,说明本发明采用白僵菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、放线菌、EM菌与中草药木醋液制成的消毒剂对养殖场的杀菌防虫效果好,良好的养殖环境可大大降低的猪的患病。
上述说明是针对本发明较佳可行实施例的详细说明,但实施例并非用以限定本发明的专利申请范围,凡本发明所提示的技术精神下所完成的同等变化或修饰变更,均应属于本发明所涵盖专利范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种香猪的养殖方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)场地改建:选择空旷的山林作为香猪的养殖场,并在养殖厂中种植皇竹草、生槐、菊苣的一种或多种;
(2)消毒处理:采用消毒剂定期对养殖场消毒;
(3)饲养密度:每亩山林养殖20~50头香猪;
(4)饲养管理:猪养殖过程采用如下质量份的原料组成的饲料饲养:青饲料20~50份、红薯1~5份、萝卜3~7份、南瓜3~8份、冬瓜1~5份、秸秆1~5份、豆壳5~9份、玉米40~60份、稻谷17~37份、高粱13~19份、骨粉1~3份、贝壳粉2~4份、磷酸氢钙0.1~0.5份、微量元素0.01~0.05份、中草药1~5份;饲养量为每日每头香猪1~3kg;所述的青饲料为皇竹草、生槐、菊苣的一种或几种;
(5)疾病预防:每天观察香猪饮食状况,发现病猪及时隔离。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种香猪的养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的中草药由质量份的原料组成:艾叶1~5份、断肠苗3~8份、雷公根9~15份、狗脊12~17份、槟榔6~13份、使君子1~7份、蛇床子6~9份、芜荑12~15份、鹤虱1~5份、黄芪2~8份、熟地1~5份、雷丸1~5份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种香猪的养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的饲料由如下步骤制得:将青饲料打浆备用;将红薯、萝卜、南瓜、冬瓜、秸秆、豆壳、玉米、稻谷、高粱粉碎后混合;将中草药煎煮后,过滤去掉药渣取得滤液,将滤液与打浆后的青饲料混合后添加发酵菌后发酵,再填加骨粉、贝壳粉、磷酸氢钙和微量元素后混合制粒即制成所述饲料。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种香猪的养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的发酵菌由放线菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、EM菌、乳酸菌组成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种香猪的养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的消毒剂含有如下质量浓度的成分:中草药木醋液200~300g/L,微生物菌1~10g/L;所述的微生物菌由白僵菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、放线菌、EM菌组成。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种香猪的养殖方法,其特征在于,所述的中草药木醋液由如下方法制备得到:将艾叶、断肠苗、雷公根、狗脊、槟榔、使君子、蛇床子、芜荑、鹤虱、黄芪、熟地、雷丸煎煮后过滤得到的药渣置于干馏釜中,加入质量浓度为20%的乙醇溶液后升温至300~350℃后保温1~2h收集木醋液得到所述中草药木醋液。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种香猪的养殖方法,其特征在于,所述20%的乙醇溶液的添加量为药渣质量的1~5%。
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