CN108739097B - Vegetable seedling culture regulator and seedling culture method for strong vegetable seedlings - Google Patents

Vegetable seedling culture regulator and seedling culture method for strong vegetable seedlings Download PDF

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CN108739097B
CN108739097B CN201810339033.7A CN201810339033A CN108739097B CN 108739097 B CN108739097 B CN 108739097B CN 201810339033 A CN201810339033 A CN 201810339033A CN 108739097 B CN108739097 B CN 108739097B
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seedling raising
vegetable
regulator
vegetable seedling
aminolevulinic acid
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CN108739097A (en
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李衍素
于贤昌
董荣荣
贺超兴
闫妍
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Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
    • A01N33/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds containing nitrogen-to-oxygen bonds
    • A01N33/18—Nitro compounds
    • A01N33/20—Nitro compounds containing oxygen or sulfur attached to the carbon skeleton containing the nitro group
    • A01N33/22—Nitro compounds containing oxygen or sulfur attached to the carbon skeleton containing the nitro group having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom and at least one nitro group directly attached to the same aromatic ring system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/42—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing within the same carbon skeleton a carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a carbon atom having only two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. keto-carboxylic acids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom rings with more than six members

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a vegetable seedling raising regulator and a seedling raising method for strengthening vegetables. The vegetable seedling raising regulator contains 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, sodium naphthaleneacetate, compound sodium nitrophenolate, epibrassinolide, levulinic acid and weakly acidic oxidation potential water, wherein the weight ratio of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof, the sodium naphthaleneacetate, the compound sodium nitrophenolate, the epibrassinolide and the levulinic acid is 1: 1-4: 5-10: 10-16: 1-6, and the dosage of the weakly acidic oxidation potential water is 25-75mL relative to 1mg of 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof. Also relates to a seedling raising method for strengthening the seedlings of the vegetables. By mixing the vegetable seedling culture regulator and the seedling culture substrate to carry out vegetable seedling culture, the growth state of vegetable seedlings can be obviously improved under the condition of sub-optimal temperature.

Description

Vegetable seedling culture regulator and seedling culture method for strong vegetable seedlings
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-yield cultivation promotion of plants, and particularly relates to a vegetable seedling culture regulator and a seedling culture method for strong vegetables.
Background
According to the data of the national statistical institute, the seeding area of vegetables in 2015 China is 2199.96 kilohm2Most of the solanaceous vegetables, cauliflower, lettuce and other vegetable varieties need to be raised. However, in the sunlight greenhouse in northern China, a sub-optimal temperature and light environment (10-18 ℃/6-12 ℃, 160-300 mu mol. m) exists for a long time-2·s-1) Leading to high-foot seedlings, weak seedlings and the like in the seedling raising process. In general, the seedling is good and the quality is weak, which seriously affects the growth and yield quality in later period.
Therefore, a seedling raising method capable of cultivating strong seedlings of vegetables under a sub-optimal warm light condition is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, diseases and insect pests frequently occur in continuous cropping soil of a sunlight greenhouse, vegetable seedling is easy to fail under the condition of suboptimal temperature and light, and the like. The invention provides a vegetable seedling raising regulator and a seedling raising method for vegetable strong seedlings, which can relieve the adverse effect of sub-optimal temperature light on the growth of plant seedlings by improving the root system activity of the seedlings, increasing the chlorophyll content, improving the strong seedling index, reducing the membrane lipid peroxidation degree, improving the photosynthesis and the like.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a vegetable seedling raising regulator, which comprises 5-aminolevulinic acid and its derivatives, sodium naphthylacetate, sodium nitrophenolate complex, epibrassinolide, levulinic acid and weakly acidic oxidation potential water, wherein the weight ratio of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and its derivatives, sodium naphthylacetate, sodium nitrophenolate complex, epibrassinolide and levulinic acid is 1: 1-4: 5-10: 10-16: 1-6, and the dosage of the weakly acidic oxidation potential water is 25-75mL relative to 1mg of 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof.
On the other hand, the invention provides a seedling raising method for strong vegetable seedlings, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the vegetable seedling raising regulator with the seedling raising substrate, and then sowing vegetable seeds;
(2) cultivating vegetables under sub-optimal temperature conditions;
wherein the vegetable seedling raising regulator is the regulator.
The seedling culture method is mainly used for culturing strong vegetable seedlings under the suboptimal temperature, has the effects of improving the root system activity, the leaf chlorophyll content, the dry fresh weight of plants, the strong seedling index and the like of the vegetable seedlings under the suboptimal temperature, is a novel vegetable seedling culture method, and is particularly suitable for planting areas of sunlight greenhouses and plastic greenhouses. In addition, the raw materials used in the invention are nontoxic and pollution-free, so that the environment pollution is not caused in the using process, and the absorption of the fertilizer can be promoted. In addition, the seedling raising method used by the invention has the characteristics of quick and regular seedling emergence, seed saving, labor saving, simple operation and convenient popularization, and can be used for industrial seedling raising.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a stability curve of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride in the vegetable seedling raising conditioner of preparation example 1 and preparation example 16 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and is in no way intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides a vegetable seedling raising regulator, which contains 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, sodium naphthaleneacetate, compound sodium nitrophenolate, epibrassinolide, levulinic acid and weakly acidic oxidation potential water, wherein the weight ratio of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof, the sodium naphthaleneacetate, the compound sodium nitrophenolate, the epibrassinolide and the levulinic acid is 1: 1-4: 5-10: 10-16: 1-6, and the dosage of the weakly acidic oxidation potential water is 25-75mL relative to 1mg of 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof, sodium naphthaleneacetate, sodium nitrophenolate, epibrassinolide and levulinic acid is 1: 2-3: 8-10: 12-14: 3-5, and the dosage of the weakly acidic oxidation potential water is 30-50mL relative to 1mg of 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof, so that the root activity of the vegetable seedling can be further improved, the chlorophyll content can be increased, the strong seedling index can be improved, the membrane lipid peroxidation degree can be reduced, the photosynthesis can be improved, and the like, so that the adverse effect of sub-optimal temperature light on the growth of the vegetable seedling can be relieved.
Those skilled in the art know that weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water is commonly used as a disinfectant in the medical field. The inventor of the present invention found in research that, although the decomposition rate of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof is still high under sub-moderate temperature conditions, through continuous experiments, it was found that various pests, such as downy mildew, powdery mildew, bacterial angular leaf spot, corynespora leaf spot, root knot nematode disease and the like, exist in greenhouse soil for continuous cropping of vegetables, and the pests can seriously affect the stability and utilization rate of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, sodium naphthalene acetate, sodium nitrophenolate, and epibrassinolide, and in addition, long-term application of alkaline fertilizers may also be one of the reasons for the high decomposition rate of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof. The inventor creatively applies the weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water to the agricultural field, thereby being capable of preventing the microorganisms in the soil from having adverse effects on the plant absorption of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof, further improving the stability and the utilization rate of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof and improving the production yield. In addition, the weak acidic oxidation potential water can moderately improve the openness of the air pores of the surface cells of the roots and the permeability of the cell walls so as to improve the activity of the roots of the seedlings and maintain the permeability of the roots in a stable range, so that the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof, sodium naphthylacetate, sodium nitrophenolate and epibrassinolide are more stably and continuously absorbed by the roots of the plants.
Furthermore, the inventors of the present invention have found through research that levulinic acid can improve the stability of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof and can be used as a stabilizer for 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, whereas in the prior art, the improvement of the stability of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof is generally performed by chemically modifying 5-aminolevulinic acid, such as alkylating 5-aminolevulinic acid, but such a chemical modification method is complicated and costly, and it is unpredictable whether chemically modified 5-aminolevulinic acid itself can still function. The invention can improve the stability of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof by adding the levulinic acid, and does not influence the functions of other components of sodium naphthalene acetate, sodium nitrophenolate, epibrassinolide and weakly acidic oxidation potential water.
According to the regulator, the weak acidic oxidation potential water can be various weak acidic oxidation potential water in the field, preferably, the oxidation-reduction potential of the weak acidic oxidation potential water is between 800-1180, the effective chlorine content is 10-100mg/L, the pH value is 5-6.5, and the active oxygen content is 10-30mg/L, so that the stability and the utilization rate of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof and the like can be further improved, and further the root activity of vegetable seedlings can be further improved, the chlorophyll content can be increased, the seedling strengthening index can be improved, the membrane lipid peroxidation degree can be reduced, the photosynthesis and the like can be improved, so that the adverse effect of sub-moderate temperature light on the growth of the vegetable seedlings can be relieved.
In the present invention, the electrolyzed oxidizing water can be prepared by various conventional electrolyzed oxidizing water generators in the art. The electrolyzed oxidizing water generator can be a weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water device in the patent application CN 204125535U.
According to the regulator, the 5-aminolevulinic acid derivative is 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride and/or 5-aminolevulinic acid phosphate, preferably 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride, so that the stability and the utilization rate of 5-aminolevulinic acid can be further improved, and the growth state of vegetable seedlings under sub-optimal temperature conditions is remarkably improved.
The regulator according to the present invention preferably further comprises a biosurfactant. In the invention, the biosurfactant can ensure that 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, sodium naphthylacetate, compound sodium nitrophenolate and epibrassinolide have better dispersibility in a solution, and can also ensure that 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, sodium naphthylacetate, compound sodium nitrophenolate, epibrassinolide, levulinic acid and weakly acidic oxidation potential water are adsorbed at the roots of vegetable seedling plants, and the weakly acidic oxidation potential water can moderately improve the openness of the stomata of cells on the surface layer of the roots and the permeability of cell walls so as to improve the activity of the roots of seedlings and maintain the permeability of the roots in a more stable range, so that the 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, the sodium naphthylacetate, the compound sodium nitrophenolate and the epibrassinolide are more stably and more continuously absorbed by the roots of plants, and the long-acting property and the utilization rate of a regulator are ensured, further, the chlorophyll content can be obviously increased, the seedling strengthening index can be improved, the membrane lipid peroxidation degree can be reduced, the photosynthesis can be improved, and the like, so that the adverse effect of sub-optimal temperature light on the growth of plant seedlings can be relieved. In addition, the biosurfactant does not cause soil pollution.
Preferably, the biosurfactant is a nonionic biosurfactant, more preferably the nonionic biosurfactant is a saponin surfactant and an alkyl glycoside, and further preferably the weight ratio of saponin surfactant to alkyl glycoside is 1: 1-2, thereby further improving the long-term effect and the utilization rate of the regulator and further obviously improving the growth state of the vegetable seedlings. In the present invention, the saponin surfactant may be any of various saponin surfactants conventionally used in the art, and may be, for example, polygala tenuifolia saponin, aescin, quillaic acid, and camelliaside, but is not limited thereto, and polygala tenuifolia saponin is preferable. Alkyl glycosides are available, for example, from Beijing Hanolongda scientific development, Inc. under CAS number 157707-88-5.
Further preferably, the total content of the biosurfactant is 0.07-0.25g relative to 1g of 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof, so that the long-lasting effect and the utilization rate of the regulator can be further improved, and the growth state of the vegetables under the sub-optimal temperature condition can be further remarkably improved.
The regulator according to the invention preferably further comprises an amino acid compound fertilizer, wherein the amino acid compound fertilizer comprises glycine, lysine, arginine and ornithine; more preferably, the weight ratio of glycine, lysine, arginine and ornithine is 1: 2-5: 1-2: 0.2-0.6; further preferably, the total content of the amino acid compound fertilizer is 0.05-0.15g relative to 1g of 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof. In the invention, the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof can promote the absorption of nitrogen fertilizers, especially small molecular nitrogen fertilizers, thereby remarkably improving the growth state of vegetables under sub-optimal temperature conditions.
According to the regulator of the invention, the regulator preferably also contains succinic acid, and the content of the succinic acid enables the pH value of the vegetable seedling regulator to be 5.5-6.5.
The regulator according to the invention is suitable for the seedling raising of various vegetable seedlings, such as cucumbers, tomatoes, eggplants, hot peppers and the like.
On the other hand, the invention provides a seedling raising method for strong vegetable seedlings, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the vegetable seedling raising regulator with the seedling raising substrate, and then sowing vegetable seeds;
(2) cultivating vegetables under sub-optimal temperature conditions;
wherein the vegetable seedling raising regulator is the regulator.
In the invention, for the convenience of preservation, before the vegetable seedling raising regulator is used, 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, sodium naphthaleneacetate, compound sodium nitrophenolate, epibrassinolide, levulinic acid and weakly acidic oxidation potential water are mixed, wherein the 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, the sodium naphthaleneacetate, the compound sodium nitrophenolate, the epibrassinolide, the levulinic acid, the amino acid compound fertilizer and the biosurfactant are sequentially added into the weakly acidic oxidation potential water and then uniformly stirred, and finally the pH value of the vegetable seedling raising regulator is regulated by succinic acid.
The method according to the invention is suitable for raising various vegetable seedlings, such as cucumber, tomato, eggplant, pepper, etc.
In order to further improve the stability of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof in the modulator according to the method of the invention, preferably the sub-ambient temperature conditions comprise: the solar greenhouse has a Photon Flux Density (PFD) daily average value of 160-300 mu mol.m-2·s-1Day and night average temperature of 10-18 ℃/6-12 ℃, photoperiod: 7-10h/14-17h, and the relative humidity is 65% -90%.
According to the method of the invention, the seedling substrate can be various conventional seedling substrates in the field, for example, the seedling substrate can be a 'commercial' seedling substrate.
According to the method, in the step (1), the amount of the vegetable seedling raising regulator is 0.5-1.5L, preferably 0.6-1L, relative to 1Kg of seedling raising substrate.
According to the method, the vegetable seedling raising regulator is stable, so that shading treatment is not required after application, the operation is simpler, and large-scale popularization and application are easier.
Examples
5-Aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride was purchased from Sai Antianfeng Biotech, Inc. under CAS number: 5451-09-2; sodium naphthaleneacetate was purchased from Jinshan bioengineering, Inc., Jinhan, Inc., having a CAS number of: 61-31-4; sodium nitrophenolate was purchased from biotechnology limited, beijing huayuyo, under CAS number: 67233-85-6; the epibrassinolide is purchased from Beijing Solaibao science and technology Limited, and has a CAS number of 78821-43-9; levulinic acid was purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biotechnology, Inc.; polygalaxolide was purchased from Doctoreis Biotech limited under CAS number: 2469-34-3; alkyl glycosides are available from Beijing Hanlongda scientific development, Inc. under CAS number 157707-88-5.
The weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water was prepared by the weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water apparatus of patent application CN 204125535U.
Preparation example 1
The preparation example is for explaining the preparation of the vegetable seedling raising regulator of the present invention.
1g of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride, 2g of sodium naphthalene acetate, 8g of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 12g of epibrassinolide, 3g of levulinic acid and 0.05g of amino acid compound fertilizer (the weight ratio of glycine to lysine to arginine to ornithine is 1: 2: 1: 0.2), 0.07g of biosurfactant (consisting of tenuigenin and alkyl glycoside, and the weight ratio of the tenuigenin to the alkyl glycoside is 1: 2) are sequentially added into 30L of weakly acidic oxidation potential water (the oxidation-reduction potential is 1000, the effective chlorine content is 50mg/L, the pH value is 6.5, and the active oxygen content is 20mg/L), then the mixture is uniformly stirred, and finally the pH value of the vegetable seedling raising regulator is adjusted to 6.5 by using succinic acid.
Preparation example 2
The preparation example is for explaining the preparation of the vegetable seedling raising regulator of the present invention.
1g of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride, 2.5g of sodium naphthylacetate, 9g of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 13g of epibrassinolide, 4g of levulinic acid and 0.1g of amino acid compound fertilizer (the weight ratio of glycine to lysine to arginine to ornithine is 1: 3: 1.5: 0.4), 0.1g of biosurfactant (consisting of tenuigenin and alkyl glycoside, and the weight ratio of the tenuigenin to the alkyl glycoside is 1: 1.5) are sequentially added into 40L of weakly acidic oxidation potential water (the oxidation-reduction potential is 800, the effective chlorine content is 10mg/L, the pH value is 5, and the active oxygen content is 10mg/L), then stirred uniformly, and finally the pH value of the vegetable seedling raising regulator is regulated to 6 by succinic acid.
Preparation example 3
The preparation example is for explaining the preparation of the vegetable seedling raising regulator of the present invention.
1g of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride, 3g of sodium naphthalene acetate, 10g of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 14g of epibrassinolide, 3g of levulinic acid and 0.15g of amino acid compound fertilizer (the weight ratio of glycine to lysine to arginine to ornithine is 1: 5: 2: 0.6), 0.25g of biosurfactant (consisting of tenuifolin and alkyl glycoside, and the weight ratio of the tenuifolin to the alkyl glycoside is 1: 1) are sequentially added into 50L of weakly acidic oxidation potential water (the oxidation-reduction potential is 1180, the effective chlorine content is 100mg/L, the pH value is 5.5, and the active oxygen content is 30mg/L) and then stirred uniformly, and finally the pH value of the vegetable seedling raising regulator is regulated to 5.5 by succinic acid.
Preparation example 4
The preparation example is for explaining the preparation of the vegetable seedling raising regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable seedling raising regulator was prepared in accordance with the method of preparation example 1, except that the total weight of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride, sodium naphthylacetate, sodium nitrophenolate complex, epibrassinolide and levulinic acid in the vegetable seedling raising regulator was unchanged, but the weight ratio of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride, sodium naphthylacetate, sodium nitrophenolate complex, epibrassinolide and levulinic acid was 1: 4: 10: 16: 6.
preparation example 5
The preparation example is for explaining the preparation of the vegetable seedling raising regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable seedling raising regulator was prepared in the same manner as in preparation example 1, except that the amount of weakly acidic oxidation potential water to 1mg of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride was 25 mL.
Preparation example 6
The preparation example is for explaining the preparation of the vegetable seedling raising regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable seedling raising regulator was prepared by following the procedure of preparation example 1 except that the weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water had an oxidation-reduction potential of 1200, an available chlorine content of 110mg/L, a pH value of 7 and an active oxygen content of 40 mg/L.
Preparation example 7
The preparation example is for explaining the preparation of the vegetable seedling raising regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable seedling-raising regulator was prepared by following the procedure of preparation example 1 except that the weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water had an oxidation-reduction potential of 700, an available chlorine content of 5mg/L, a pH value of 4 and an active oxygen content of 5 mg/L.
Preparation example 8
The preparation example is for explaining the preparation of the vegetable seedling raising regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable seedling raising regulator is prepared according to the method of preparation example 1, except that the biosurfactant consists of polygala tenuifolia saponin and alkyl glycoside, and the weight ratio of the polygala tenuifolia saponin to the alkyl glycoside is 1: 0.5.
preparation example 9
The preparation example is for explaining the preparation of the vegetable seedling raising regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable seedling raising regulator was prepared in accordance with the method of preparation example 1, except that the biosurfactant was composed entirely of polygalasaponin.
Preparation example 10
The preparation example is for explaining the preparation of the vegetable seedling raising regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable seedling raising regulator was prepared in accordance with the method of preparation example 1, except that the biosurfactant was entirely composed of alkyl glycoside.
Preparation example 11
The preparation example is for explaining the preparation of the vegetable seedling raising regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable seedling raising regulator was prepared in accordance with the method of preparation example 1, except that the total content of the biosurfactant was 3g with respect to 1g of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride.
Preparation example 12
The preparation example is for explaining the preparation of the vegetable seedling raising regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable seedling raising regulator is prepared according to the method of preparation example 1, except that the weight ratio of glycine, lysine, arginine and ornithine of the amino acid compound fertilizer is 1: 6: 3: 0.7.
preparation example 13
The preparation example is for explaining the preparation of the vegetable seedling raising regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable seedling raising regulator was prepared in accordance with the method of preparation example 1, except that the amino acid compound fertilizer was composed entirely of glycine.
Preparation example 14
The preparation example is for explaining the preparation of the vegetable seedling raising regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable seedling raising regulator was prepared in accordance with the method of preparation example 1, except that the content of succinic acid was such that the pH of the vegetable seedling raising regulator was 7.
Preparation example 15
The preparation example is for explaining the preparation of the vegetable seedling raising regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable seedling raising regulator was prepared by following the procedure of preparation example 1 except that the weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water in preparation example 1 was replaced with an equal amount of distilled water.
Preparation example 16
The preparation example is for explaining the preparation of the vegetable seedling raising regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable seedling raising regulator was prepared in the same manner as in preparation example 1, except that levulinic acid was omitted from the vegetable seedling raising regulator, and the other components were the same as in preparation example 1.
Preparation example 17
The preparation example is for explaining the preparation of the vegetable seedling raising regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable seedling raising regulator was prepared in the same manner as in preparation example 1, except that 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloric acid was omitted from the vegetable seedling raising regulator.
Example 1
This example is for explaining the method of growing strong vegetable seedlings according to the present invention.
(1) 3L of the vegetable seedling-growing regulator prepared in preparation example 1 was mixed with 5kg of a seedling-growing substrate ("commercial" seedling-growing substrate), and then tomato seeds were sown;
(2) in sub-optimal temperature conditions (light quantum flux density (PFD) day-mean of sunlight greenhouse 200 μmol. m-2·s-1Culturing tomato seedlings to six leaves and one heart under the conditions that the daytime temperature is 15 ℃, the night temperature is 8 ℃, the photoperiod is 7h/17h and the relative humidity is 80%).
Example 2
This example is for explaining the method of growing strong vegetable seedlings according to the present invention.
(1) Mixing 4L of the vegetable seedling-growing regulator prepared in preparation example 2 with 5kg of a seedling-growing substrate ("commercial" seedling-growing substrate), and then sowing tomato seeds;
(2) under sub-isothermal conditions (photon flux density (PFD) daily average of a photosphere 270. mu. mol. m)-2·s-1The temperature in the day is 18 ℃, the temperature at night is 12 ℃, the photoperiod is 12h/12h, and the relative humidity is 80%), and culturing the tomato seedlings to six leaves and one heart.
Example 3
This example is for explaining the method of growing strong vegetable seedlings according to the present invention.
(1) 5L of the vegetable seedling-raising conditioner prepared in preparation example 3 was mixed with 5kg of a seedling-raising substrate ("commercial" seedling-raising substrate), and then tomato seeds were sown;
(2) under sub-isothermal conditions (light quantum flux density (PFD) daily mean of 200. mu. mol. m in a photosphere)-2·s-1Culturing tomato seedlings to six leaves and one heart under the conditions that the temperature in the day is 14 ℃, the temperature at night is 8 ℃, the photoperiod is 9h/15h and the relative humidity is 70%).
Examples 4 to 14
This example is for explaining the method of growing strong vegetable seedlings according to the present invention.
Vegetable seedlings were raised in the same manner as in example 1 except that the vegetable seedling raising regulators used were the vegetable seedling raising regulators prepared in preparation examples 4 to 14, respectively.
Example 15
This example is for explaining the method of growing strong vegetable seedlings according to the present invention.
(1) 3L of the vegetable seedling-raising conditioner prepared in preparation example 1 was mixed with 5kg of a seedling-raising substrate ("commercial" seedling-raising substrate), and then cucumber seeds were sown;
(2) under sub-isothermal conditions (light quantum flux density (PFD) day-average value of 200. mu. mol. m in sunlight greenhouse-2·s-1And culturing the cucumber seedlings to two leaves and one heart under the conditions that the daytime temperature is 14 ℃, the night temperature is 8 ℃, the photoperiod is 9h/15h and the relative humidity is 70%).
Comparative example 1
Vegetable seedlings were raised in the same manner as in example 1 except that the vegetable seedling-raising regulator used was the vegetable seedling-raising regulator prepared in preparation example 15.
Comparative example 2
Vegetable seedlings were raised in the same manner as in example 1 except that the vegetable seedling-raising regulator used was the vegetable seedling-raising regulator prepared in preparation example 16.
Comparative example 3
Vegetable seedlings were raised in the same manner as in example 1 except that the vegetable seedling-raising regulator used was the vegetable seedling-raising regulator prepared in preparation example 17.
Test example
Test example 1
The vegetable seedling growth regulators prepared in preparation examples 1 and 16 were used under sub-optimal temperature conditions (the daily average value of the Photon Flux Density (PFD) of a sunlight greenhouse was 200. mu. mol. m-2·s-1The vegetable seedling raising regulator is placed at rest under the conditions that the day temperature is 15 ℃, the night temperature is 8 ℃, the photoperiod is 7h/17h and the relative humidity is 80 percent, and then the concentration of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride (ALA) in the vegetable seedling raising regulator is measured every 24 hours (7 days in total), and the measurement result is shown in figure 1. Wherein, the concentration of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride in the vegetable seedling culture regulator is measured by adopting a spectrophotometry.
Test example 2
The root activity, the total chlorophyll content of leaves, the strong seedling index, and the photosynthetic efficiency of the tomato seedlings or cucumber seedlings grown in examples 1 to 15 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were measured, and the results are shown in table 1 below.
The method for measuring the root activity comprises the following steps: 0.5g of root system is cut into 2cm long segments, and the segments are put into a test tube, and 2 blank controls are set. The control was initially charged with 2ml of 1mol/L H2SO410ml of 0.4% TTC and phosphamidon (1/15 mol. L) were added to the remaining tubes-1pH 7.0), sealing, placing in 37 deg.C incubator, taking out after 4 hr, adding 2ml of 1 mol. L except control-1H of (A) to (B)2SO4Stopping the reaction, standing for 15min, taking out the root system, sucking to dry, returning to the original test tubes, adding 10ml of 95% ethanol into each test tube, extracting for 24h until the root becomes white, diluting 3-5 times according to color, and performing color comparison at 485nm wavelength by using a spectrophotometer to obtain the color with root system activity (mu g)-1FW·h)＝(A485+0.0035)/4*h*W*0.0022(h＝4，W＝0.5)。
The method for measuring the chlorophyll content comprises the following steps: taking fresh plant leaves, wiping off dirt on the tissue surface, removing midribs and cutting into pieces. Weighing 0.2g of cut leaves, putting the cut leaves into a test tube, adding 20ml of 95% ethanol, sealing, putting the test tube in a dark place for 24-36 h until the leaves are white, carrying out color comparison by using a spectrophotometer at wavelengths of 665nm, 649nm and 470nm, taking 95% ethanol as a blank, and obtaining the formula Ca (the concentration of chlorophyll a) of 13.95A665-6.8A649Cb (concentration of chlorophyll b) 24.96A649-7.32A665The total chlorophyll content is chlorophyll a + chlorophyll b.
The method for measuring the strong seedling index comprises the following steps: dividing the plant into an aboveground part and an underground part, washing the plant with deionized water, wiping the plant, measuring the plant height (from a stem base part to a growing point), the stem thickness (1 cm position on the overground part) and the fresh weight of the plant, deactivating enzymes of a sample at 105 ℃ for 15min, drying the sample at 75 ℃ to constant weight, and weighing the dry mass of the sample by using an analytical balance, wherein the seedling strengthening index is (the mass of the underground part dry matter/the mass of the overground part dry matter + the stem thickness/the plant height) multiplied by the mass of the whole plant.
The photosynthetic efficiency measuring method comprises the following steps: the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of the functional leaves was measured by a Li-6400 photosynthetic tester, and the Photon Flux Density (PFD) was set to 400. mu. mol. m-2·s-1。
Test example 3
The disease indexes of the tomato seedlings or the cucumber seedlings in seedling culture are calculated and shown in the following table 2. Wherein, the calculation formula of the disease index is as follows:
disease index ∑ (number of diseased plants at each stage × the disease grade value)/(number of investigated total plants × highest grade value) × 100.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0001630114380000141
Figure BDA0001630114380000151
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0001630114380000152
In the test example 1, the stability of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride in the sunlight greenhouse under the sub-moderate temperature condition is accurately simulated, and as can be seen from fig. 1, under the sub-moderate temperature condition, the concentration of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride in the vegetable seedling raising regulator gradually decreases with the passage of time, but obviously, when no levulinic acid is added, the degradation rate of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride increases, and the concentration decreases rapidly with the passage of time, which can indicate that levulinic acid can improve the stability of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride under the sub-moderate temperature condition.
It can be seen from the data in tables 1 and 2 that the vegetable seedling raising regulator of the present invention is mixed with the seedling raising substrate to raise the vegetable seedling, and under the condition of sub-optimal temperature, the root activity of the vegetable seedling can be significantly improved, the chlorophyll content can be increased, the seedling strengthening index can be improved, the membrane lipid peroxidation degree can be reduced, the photosynthesis can be improved, etc., so as to alleviate the adverse effect of sub-optimal temperature light on the growth of the plant seedling, and the plant diseases and insect pests can be significantly reduced.

Claims (10)

1. The vegetable seedling raising regulator is characterized by comprising 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, sodium naphthaleneacetate, compound sodium nitrophenolate, epibrassinolide, levulinic acid, a biosurfactant and weakly acidic oxidation potential water, wherein the biosurfactant is saponin type surfactant and alkyl glucoside, and the weight ratio of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof to the sodium naphthaleneacetate, the compound sodium nitrophenolate, the epibrassinolide, the levulinic acid and the biosurfactant is 1: 2-3: 8-10: 12-14: 3-5: 0.07-0.25, wherein the weight ratio of the saponin surfactant to the alkyl glycoside is 1: 1-2, relative to 1mg of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, the dosage of the weakly acidic oxidation potential water is 30-50mL, wherein the oxidation-reduction potential of the weakly acidic oxidation potential water is between 800-1180, the content of available chlorine is 10-100mg/L, the pH value is 5-6.5, the content of active oxygen is 10-30mg/L, and the vegetable is at least one of cucumber, tomato, eggplant and pepper.
2. A vegetable seedling raising regulator according to claim 1, wherein the 5-aminolevulinic acid derivative is 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride and/or 5-aminolevulinic acid phosphate.
3. A vegetable seedling raising regulator as set forth in claim 1, further comprising an amino acid compound fertilizer containing glycine, lysine, arginine and ornithine.
4. A vegetable seedling raising regulator as set forth in claim 3, wherein the weight ratio of glycine, lysine, arginine and ornithine is 1: 2-5: 1-2: 0.2-0.6.
5. A vegetable seedling raising regulator according to claim 3, wherein the total content of the amino acid compound fertilizer is 0.05 to 0.15g relative to 1g of 5-aminolevulinic acid and a derivative thereof.
6. A vegetable seedling raising regulator according to claim 1, further comprising succinic acid in an amount such that the pH of the vegetable seedling raising regulator is 5.5 to 6.5.
7. A seedling raising method for vegetable strong seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing the vegetable seedling raising regulator with the seedling raising substrate, and then sowing vegetable seeds;
(2) cultivating vegetable seedlings under sub-optimal temperature conditions;
wherein the vegetable seedling raising regulator is the regulator of any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein in the step (1), the vegetable seedling raising regulator is used in an amount of 0.5-1.5L per 1kg of the seedling raising substrate.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein in the step (1), the vegetable seedling raising regulator is used in an amount of 0.6-1L relative to 1kg of the seedling raising substrate.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein in step (2), the sub-ambient conditions comprise: the solar greenhouse has a Photon Flux Density (PFD) daily average value of 160-300 mu mol.m-2·s-1Day and night average temperature of 10-18 ℃/6-12 ℃, photoperiod: 7-10h/14-17h, and the relative humidity is 65% -90%.
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