CN108617361B - Vegetable growth regulator and solar greenhouse vegetable leaf surface spraying method - Google Patents
Vegetable growth regulator and solar greenhouse vegetable leaf surface spraying method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
- A01N33/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds containing nitrogen-to-oxygen bonds
- A01N33/18—Nitro compounds
- A01N33/20—Nitro compounds containing oxygen or sulfur attached to the carbon skeleton containing the nitro group
- A01N33/22—Nitro compounds containing oxygen or sulfur attached to the carbon skeleton containing the nitro group having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom and at least one nitro group directly attached to the same aromatic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/42—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing within the same carbon skeleton a carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a carbon atom having only two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. keto-carboxylic acids
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom rings with more than six members
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vegetable growth regulator, which contains 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, sodium naphthaleneacetate, compound sodium nitrophenolate, epibrassinolide, levulinic acid and weakly acidic oxidation potential water, wherein the weight ratio of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof, the sodium naphthaleneacetate, the compound sodium nitrophenolate, the epibrassinolide and the levulinic acid is 1: 2-6: 2-6: 0.01-0.1: 1-5, the amount of weakly acidic oxidation potential water used is 120-150mL relative to 1mg of 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof. Also relates to a method for spraying the foliage of the vegetables in the solar greenhouse. The vegetable growth regulator is sprayed on leaves of solar greenhouse vegetables under the condition of sub-moderate temperature, so that the yield and the yield of the vegetables can be obviously improved, and various plant diseases and insect pests of the vegetables can be obviously reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of promoting high-yield cultivation of plants, and particularly relates to a vegetable growth regulator and a solar greenhouse vegetable leaf surface spraying method.
Background
The sunlight greenhouse and the plastic greenhouse are effective equipment for realizing vegetable planting in winter and spring in north China, but because the plastic greenhouse and the sunlight greenhouse in China are generally simple and crude and lack necessary environment regulation and control equipment for temperature, light, water, gas and the like, sub-suitable environments such as low temperature, weak light, high humidity and the like exist in facilities in winter and spring for a long time.
At present, the main research for improving the yield of plants is based on the synergistic effect of a plurality of fertilizer mixtures. For example, patent invention CN102531778A discloses a water-soluble fertilizer containing 5-aminolevulinic acid chemical modifier, which contains protein peptide, water-soluble chelated sucrose, trace element mixture, 5-aminolevulinic acid chemical modifier and penetration enhancer. The water-soluble fertilizer is prepared by combining a plurality of components, the preparation process is complex, and the plurality of fertilizers are added simultaneously, so that the fertilizer and the water cannot be reasonably applied and irrigated according to the growth condition of crops, and the fertilizer and the water are wasted to cause fertilizer damage. In addition, the stability of the chemical modifier of 5-aminolevulinic acid in the water-soluble fertilizer is not high, and the chemical modifier is preferably applied at low temperature at night or in the shade after being applied in the day, namely the operation is not easy. In addition, the current foliar spraying of solar greenhouse vegetables is a relatively common fertilization mode, the foliar spraying mode can improve the absorption of nutrient components in the fertilizer, but the fertilizer containing 5-aminolevulinic acid is easy to decompose and has low utilization rate. In addition, because the humidity of the sunlight greenhouse is high in winter, the insect pests are easily aggravated by foliage spraying, and therefore, a vegetable growth regulator which is high in stability and utilization rate and can reduce the insect pests is urgently needed by foliage spraying.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of frequent diseases and insect pests of sunlight greenhouses and low stability and utilization rate of 5-aminolevulinic acid regulators in the prior art. The invention provides a vegetable growth regulator and a solar greenhouse vegetable leaf surface spraying method, which can reduce plant diseases and insect pests of vegetable growth, improve the stability and the utilization rate of a 5-aminolevulinic acid regulator and further obviously improve the yield of vegetables.
In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides, in one aspect, a vegetable growth regulator comprising 5-aminolevulinic acid and its derivatives, sodium naphthaleneacetate, sodium polynitrophenate, epibrassinolide, levulinic acid, and weakly acidic oxidation potential water, wherein the weight ratio of 5-aminolevulinic acid and its derivatives, sodium naphthaleneacetate, sodium polynitrophenate, epibrassinolide, and levulinic acid is 1: 2-6: 2-6: 0.01-0.1: 1-5, the amount of weakly acidic oxidation potential water used is 120-150mL relative to 1mg of 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof.
On the other hand, the invention provides a method for spraying foliage of vegetables in a solar greenhouse, which comprises the following steps:
(1) under the condition of sub-moderate temperature, sowing vegetables, and planting at proper age;
(2) spraying a vegetable growth regulator on the leaf surface of the first time after the field planting and the seedling slowing;
(3) when the vegetables grow to the initial flowering phase/the initial flowering phase, spraying a vegetable growth regulator on the leaf surfaces for the second time;
wherein the vegetable growth regulator is the above regulator.
In the invention, levulinic acid can improve the stability of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, and can be used as a stabilizer of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, while the prior art generally improves the stability of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof by alkylating 5-aminolevulinic acid and the like, namely chemically modifying 5-aminolevulinic acid, but the chemical modification method is complex and high in cost, and whether the chemically modified 5-aminolevulinic acid can also act per se cannot be predicted. The invention can improve the stability of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof by adding the levulinic acid, and does not influence the functions of other components of sodium naphthaleneacetate, compound sodium nitrophenolate, epibrassinolide and acidic oxidation potential water. In addition, the inventor creatively applies the acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water to the agricultural field, can properly improve the opening degree of the cell stomata on the surface layer of the vegetable leaf surface and the permeability of the cell wall, and enables the permeability of the leaf surface to be maintained in a stable range, so that the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof, the sodium naphthalene acetate, the compound sodium nitrophenolate and the epibrassinolide are more stably and more continuously absorbed by the plant leaf surface, and the yield of the vegetable is obviously improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a stability profile of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride in the vegetable growth regulator of preparation example 1 and preparation examples 10 and 16 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and is in no way intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides a vegetable growth regulator, which contains 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, sodium naphthaleneacetate, compound sodium nitrophenolate, epibrassinolide, levulinic acid and weakly acidic oxidation potential water, wherein the weight ratio of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof, the sodium naphthaleneacetate, the compound sodium nitrophenolate, the epibrassinolide and the levulinic acid is 1: 2-6: 2-6: 0.01-0.1: 1-5, the amount of weakly acidic oxidation potential water used is 120-150mL relative to 1mg of 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof, sodium naphthaleneacetate, sodium nitrophenolate, epibrassinolide and levulinic acid is 1: 3-5: 3-5: 0.04-0.06: 2-3, relative to 1mg of 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof, the dosage of the weak acidic oxidation potential water is 130-140mL, so that the stability and the utilization rate of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof can be further improved, the yield of the vegetables can be further improved, and the plant diseases and insect pests of the vegetables can be reduced.
Those skilled in the art know that electrolyzed oxidizing water is commonly used as a disinfectant in the medical field. The inventor of the invention discovers in research that the decomposition rate of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof is still high even under the condition of sub-moderate temperature, and through continuous experiments, the invention discovers that various pests and diseases, such as downy mildew, powdery mildew, bacterial angular leaf spot, clavulan leaf spot and the like, exist in greenhouse soil for continuous cropping of vegetables, and the pests and diseases can seriously affect the stability and the utilization rate of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof, sodium naphthalene acetate, sodium nitrophenolate and epibrassinolide. The inventor creatively applies the acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water to the agricultural field, thereby preventing the adverse effect of microorganisms on the plant absorption of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof, further improving the stability and the utilization rate of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof and improving the production yield. In addition, the weak acidic oxidation potential water can moderately improve the openness of the cell stomata on the surface layer of the leaf surface and the permeability of the cell wall, so that the permeability of the leaf surface is maintained in a stable range, and the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof, sodium naphthalene acetate, compound sodium nitrophenolate and epibrassinolide are more stably and continuously absorbed by the leaf surface of the plant.
Furthermore, the inventors of the present invention have found through research that levulinic acid can improve the stability of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof and can be used as a stabilizer for 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, whereas in the prior art, the improvement of the stability of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof is generally performed by chemically modifying 5-aminolevulinic acid, such as alkylating 5-aminolevulinic acid, but such a chemical modification method is complicated and costly, and it is unpredictable whether chemically modified 5-aminolevulinic acid itself can still function. The invention can improve the stability of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof by adding the levulinic acid, and does not influence the functions of other components of sodium naphthalene acetate, sodium nitrophenolate, epibrassinolide and weakly acidic oxidation potential water.
According to the regulator, the weak acidic oxidation potential water can be various weak acidic oxidation potential water in the field, preferably, the oxidation-reduction potential of the weak acidic oxidation potential water is between 800-1180, the effective chlorine content is 10-100mg/L, the pH value is 5-6.5, and the active oxygen content is 10-30mg/L, so that the stability and the utilization rate of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof can be further improved, and the yield of vegetables can be further remarkably improved.
In the present invention, the weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water can be prepared by various conventional weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water generators in the art. The weak acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water generator can be a weak acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water device in the patent application CN 204125535U.
According to the regulator, the 5-aminolevulinic acid derivative is 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride and/or 5-aminolevulinic acid phosphate, and 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride is preferred, so that the stability and the utilization rate of 5-aminolevulinic acid can be further improved, and the yield of vegetables is remarkably improved.
The regulator according to the present invention preferably further comprises a biosurfactant. In the invention, the biosurfactant can ensure that the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof, sodium naphthylacetate, sodium compound nitrophenolate and epibrassinolide have better dispersibility in a solution and can improve the stability of the 5-aminolevulinic acid, in addition, the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof, the sodium naphthylacetate, the sodium compound nitrophenolate, the epibrassinolide, the levulinic acid and weak acidic oxidation potential water can be adsorbed on the leaf surfaces of vegetable plants, the weak acidic oxidation potential water can moderately improve the openness of the stomata of the surface cells of the leaf surfaces and the permeability of the cell walls, so that the permeability of the leaf surfaces is maintained in a more stable range, the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof, the sodium naphthylacetate, the sodium compound nitrophenolate and the epibrassinolide are more stably and more continuously absorbed by the leaf surfaces of plants, and the long-acting property and the utilization rate of the regulator are ensured, thereby remarkably improving the yield of the vegetables. In addition, the biosurfactant does not cause pollution to vegetables.
Preferably, the biosurfactant is a nonionic biosurfactant, more preferably the nonionic biosurfactant is a saponin surfactant and an alkyl glycoside, and further preferably the weight ratio of saponin surfactant to alkyl glycoside is 1: 1-2, thereby further improving the long-lasting effect and the utilization rate of the regulator and further obviously improving the yield of the vegetables. In the present invention, the saponin surfactant may be any of various saponin surfactants conventionally used in the art, and may be, for example, polygala tenuifolia saponin, aescin, quillaic acid, and camelliaside, but is not limited thereto, and polygala tenuifolia saponin is preferable. Alkyl glycosides are available, for example, from Beijing Hanolongda scientific development, Inc. under CAS number 157707-88-5.
Further preferably, the total content of the biosurfactant is 0.07-0.25g relative to 1g of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof, so that the long-lasting effect and the utilization rate of the regulator can be further improved, and the yield of the vegetables can be remarkably improved.
The regulator according to the invention preferably further comprises an amino acid compound fertilizer, wherein the amino acid compound fertilizer comprises glycine, lysine, arginine and ornithine; more preferably, the weight ratio of glycine, lysine, arginine and ornithine is 1: 2-5: 1-2: 0.2-0.6; further preferably, the total content of the amino acid compound fertilizer is 0.08-0.16g relative to 1g of 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof. In the invention, the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof can promote the absorption of nitrogen fertilizers, especially small molecular nitrogen fertilizers, thereby remarkably improving the yield of vegetables.
According to the regulator of the invention, the regulator preferably also contains succinic acid, and the content of the succinic acid ensures that the pH value of the vegetable growth regulator is 5.5-6.5.
The vegetable growth regulator is suitable for foliage spraying of various solar greenhouse vegetables in various stages, such as cucumbers, tomatoes, eggplants, hot peppers and the like.
On the other hand, the invention provides a method for spraying foliage of vegetables in a solar greenhouse, which comprises the following steps:
(1) under the condition of sub-moderate temperature, sowing vegetables, and planting at proper age;
(2) spraying a vegetable growth regulator on the leaf surface of the first time after the field planting and the seedling slowing;
(3) when the vegetables grow to the initial flowering phase/the initial flowering phase, spraying a vegetable growth regulator on the leaf surfaces for the second time;
wherein the vegetable growth regulator is the above regulator.
In the invention, for the convenience of preservation, before the vegetable growth regulator is used, 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, sodium naphthaleneacetate, compound sodium nitrophenolate, epibrassinolide, levulinic acid and weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water are mixed, wherein the 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, the sodium naphthaleneacetate, the compound sodium nitrophenolate, the epibrassinolide, the levulinic acid, the amino acid compound fertilizer and the biosurfactant are sequentially added into the weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water and then uniformly stirred, and finally the pH value of the vegetable growth regulator is regulated by succinic acid.
The method is suitable for foliage spraying of various solar greenhouse vegetables at various stages, such as cucumbers, tomatoes, eggplants, hot peppers and the like.
In order to further improve the stability of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof in the modulator according to the method of the invention, preferably the sub-ambient temperature conditions comprise: the solar greenhouse has a Photon Flux Density (PFD) daily average value of 160-300 mu mol.m-2·s-1Day and night average temperature of 10-18 ℃/6-12 ℃, photoperiod: 7-10h/14-17h, and the relative humidity is 65% -90%.
According to the method of the invention, in the step (1), the planting density can be 3000-3600 plants/mu.
According to the method provided by the invention, preferably, the dosage of the growth regulator sprayed on the first leaf surface is 40-60L and the dosage of the vegetable growth regulator sprayed on the second leaf surface is 170-190L (namely the dosage is equal to the dosage of uniform wetting and no water dripping on the surfaces of stems and leaves) relative to each mu of vegetables, so that the yield of the vegetables can be obviously improved and the plant diseases and insect pests of the vegetables can be reduced.
According to the method of the present invention, the method may further include: the first foliage spraying of vegetable growth regulator 7-14 days after the slow seedling planting can improve the utilization rate of the vegetable growth regulator.
According to the method, the vegetable growth regulator is stable, so that the vegetable growth regulator does not need shading treatment after application, and therefore, the operation is simpler, and the large-scale popularization and use are easier.
Examples
5-Aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride was purchased from Sai Antianfeng Biotech, Inc. under CAS number: 5451-09-2; sodium naphthaleneacetate was purchased from Jinshan bioengineering, Inc., Jinhan, Inc., having a CAS number of: 61-31-4; sodium nitrophenolate was purchased from biotechnology limited, beijing huayuyo, under CAS number: 67233-85-6; the epibrassinolide is purchased from Beijing Solaibao science and technology Limited, and has a CAS number of 78821-43-9; levulinic acid was purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biotechnology, Inc.; polygalaxolide was purchased from Doctoreis Biotech limited under CAS number: 2469-34-3; alkyl glycosides are available from Beijing Hanlongda scientific development, Inc. under CAS number 157707-88-5.
The weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water was prepared by the weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water apparatus of patent application CN 204125535U.
Preparation example 1
This preparation example is intended to illustrate the preparation of the vegetable growth regulator of the present invention.
1g of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride, 3g of sodium naphthalene acetate, 3g of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.04g of epibrassinolide, 2g of levulinic acid and 0.08g of an amino acid compound fertilizer (the weight ratio of glycine to lysine to arginine to ornithine is 1: 2: 1: 0.2), 0.07g of a biosurfactant (consisting of tenuigenin and alkyl glycoside, and the weight ratio of the tenuigenin to the alkyl glycoside is 1: 2) are sequentially added into 130L of weakly acidic oxidation potential water (the oxidation-reduction potential is 1000, the effective chlorine content is 50mg/L, the pH value is 5.5, and the active oxygen content is 20mg/L), then the mixture is uniformly stirred, and finally the pH value of the vegetable growth regulator is adjusted to 5.5 by succinic acid.
Preparation example 2
This preparation example is intended to illustrate the preparation of the vegetable growth regulator of the present invention.
1g of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride, 4g of sodium naphthylacetate, 4g of sodium nitrophenolate complex, 0.05g of epibrassinolide, 2.5g of levulinic acid and 0.12g of amino acid compound fertilizer (the weight ratio of glycine to lysine to arginine to ornithine is 1: 3: 1.5: 0.4), 0.1g of biosurfactant (consisting of tenuifolin and alkyl glycoside, and the weight ratio of the tenuifolin to the alkyl glycoside is 1: 1.5) are sequentially added into 135L of weakly acidic oxidation potential water (the oxidation-reduction potential is 800, the effective chlorine content is 10mg/L, the pH value is 5, and the active oxygen content is 10mg/L), then the mixture is uniformly stirred, and finally the pH value of the vegetable growth regulator is adjusted to 6 by succinic acid.
Preparation example 3
This preparation example is intended to illustrate the preparation of the vegetable growth regulator of the present invention.
1g of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride, 5g of sodium naphthylacetate, 5g of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.06g of epibrassinolide, 3g of levulinic acid and 0.16g of an amino acid compound fertilizer (the weight ratio of glycine to lysine to arginine to ornithine is 1: 5: 2: 0.6), 0.25g of a biosurfactant (consisting of tenuigenin and alkyl glycoside, and the weight ratio of the tenuigenin to the alkyl glycoside is 1: 1) are sequentially added into 140L of weakly acidic oxidation potential water (the oxidation-reduction potential is 1180, the effective chlorine content is 100mg/L, the pH value is 6.5, and the active oxygen content is 30mg/L) and then stirred uniformly, and finally the pH value of the vegetable growth regulator is regulated to 6.5 by succinic acid.
Preparation example 4
This preparation example is intended to illustrate the preparation of the vegetable growth regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable growth regulator was prepared according to the method of preparation example 1, except that the total weight of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride, sodium naphthylacetate, sodium nitrophenolate complex, epibrassinolide and levulinic acid in the vegetable growth regulator was unchanged, but the weight ratio of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride, sodium naphthylacetate, sodium nitrophenolate complex, epibrassinolide and levulinic acid was 1: 6: 6: 0.1: 1.
preparation example 5
This preparation example is intended to illustrate the preparation of the vegetable growth regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable growth regulator was prepared by following the procedure of preparation example 1 except that the amount of weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water was 120L with respect to 1g of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride.
Preparation example 6
This preparation example is intended to illustrate the preparation of the vegetable growth regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable growth regulator was prepared by following the procedure of preparation example 1 except that weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water had an oxidation-reduction potential of 1200, an available chlorine content of 110mg/L, a pH value of 7 and an active oxygen content of 40 mg/L.
Preparation example 7
This preparation example is intended to illustrate the preparation of the vegetable growth regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable growth regulator was prepared according to the method of preparation example 1, except that the weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water had an oxidation-reduction potential of 700, an available chlorine content of 5mg/L, a pH value of 4 and an active oxygen content of 5 mg/L.
Preparation example 8
This preparation example is intended to illustrate the preparation of the vegetable growth regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable growth regulator was prepared according to the method of preparation example 1, except that the biosurfactant was composed of tenuigenin and alkyl glycoside in a weight ratio of 1: 0.5.
preparation example 9
This preparation example is intended to illustrate the preparation of the vegetable growth regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable growth regulator was prepared according to the method of preparation example 1, except that the biosurfactant was composed entirely of polygala tenuifolia saponin.
Preparation example 10
This preparation example is intended to illustrate the preparation of the vegetable growth regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable growth regulator was prepared according to the method of preparation example 1, except that the biosurfactant was omitted.
Preparation example 11
This preparation example is intended to illustrate the preparation of the vegetable growth regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable growth regulator was prepared according to the method of preparation example 1, except that the total content of the biosurfactant relative to 1g of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride was 0.3 g.
Preparation example 12
This preparation example is intended to illustrate the preparation of the vegetable growth regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable growth regulator was prepared according to the method of preparation example 1, except that the amino acid compound fertilizer had a weight ratio of glycine, lysine, arginine and ornithine of 1: 6: 3: 0.7.
preparation example 13
This preparation example is intended to illustrate the preparation of the vegetable growth regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable growth regulator was prepared according to the method of preparation example 1, except that the amino acid compound fertilizer was entirely composed of glycine.
Preparation example 14
This preparation example is intended to illustrate the preparation of the vegetable growth regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable growth regulator was prepared according to the method of preparation example 1, except that succinic acid was contained in an amount such that the pH of the vegetable growth regulator was 7.
Preparation example 15
This preparation example is intended to illustrate the preparation of the vegetable growth regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable growth regulator was prepared according to the method of preparation example 1, except that the weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water in preparation example 1 was replaced with an equal amount of distilled water.
Preparation example 16
This preparation example is intended to illustrate the preparation of the vegetable growth regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable growth regulator was prepared according to the method of preparation example 1, except that levulinic acid was omitted from the vegetable growth regulator, and the other components were the same as in preparation example 1.
Preparation example 17
This preparation example is intended to illustrate the preparation of the vegetable growth regulator of the present invention.
A vegetable growth regulator was prepared according to the method of preparation example 1, except that 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloric acid was omitted from the vegetable growth regulator.
Example 1
This example is provided to illustrate the method of foliar application of solar greenhouse vegetables of the present invention.
(1) In sub-optimal temperature conditions (light quantum flux density (PFD) day-mean of sunlight greenhouse 200 μmol. m-2·s-1Sowing cucumbers at the daytime temperature of 15 ℃, at the night temperature of 8 ℃, the photoperiod of 7h/17h and the relative humidity of 80%), and planting when the cucumber seedlings grow to have two leaves and one heart, wherein the planting density is 3200 plants/mu;
(2) the vegetable growth regulator prepared in preparation example 1 is sprayed on the leaf surface of the first time 10 days after field planting and seedling slowing, and the using amount of the vegetable growth regulator is 45L per mu of vegetables;
(3) when the cucumber grows to the initial flowering phase, the vegetable growth regulator prepared in the preparation example 1 is sprayed on the leaf surfaces of the second time, and the dosage of the vegetable growth regulator is 170L per mu of vegetables.
Example 2
This example is provided to illustrate the method of foliar application of solar greenhouse vegetables of the present invention.
(1) In sub-ambient light conditions (photon flux density (PFD) daily mean value of the photo-greenhouse is 270. mu. mol. m-2·s-1Sowing cucumbers at the daytime temperature of 18 ℃, at the night temperature of 12 ℃, the photoperiod of 12h/12h and the relative humidity of 80%), and planting when the cucumber seedlings grow to have two leaves and one heart, wherein the planting density is 3200 plants/mu;
(2) the vegetable growth regulator prepared in preparation example 2 is sprayed on the first foliage surface 14 days after field planting and seedling slowing, and the dosage of the vegetable growth regulator is 50L per mu of vegetables;
(3) when the cucumber grows to the initial flowering phase, the vegetable growth regulator prepared in the preparation example 2 is sprayed on the leaf surfaces for the second time, and the using amount of the vegetable growth regulator is 180L per mu of vegetables.
Example 3
This example is provided to illustrate the method of foliar application of solar greenhouse vegetables of the present invention.
(1) In sub-isothermal conditions (Photonic greenhouse with a Photon Flux Density (PFD) daily average of 200. mu. mol. m-2·s-1Sowing cucumbers at the daytime temperature of 14 ℃, at the night temperature of 8 ℃, the photoperiod of 9h/15h and the relative humidity of 70 percent, and planting when the cucumber seedlings grow to have two leaves and one heart, wherein the planting density is 3000 plants/mu;
(2) the vegetable growth regulator prepared in preparation example 3 is sprayed on the leaf surface of the first time 10 days after field planting and seedling slowing, and the using amount of the vegetable growth regulator is 45L per mu of vegetables;
(3) when the cucumber grows to the initial flowering phase, the vegetable growth regulator prepared in the preparation example 3 is sprayed on the leaf surfaces for the second time, and the using amount of the vegetable growth regulator is 190L per mu of vegetables.
Examples 4 to 14
This example is provided to illustrate the method of foliar application of solar greenhouse vegetables of the present invention.
Solar greenhouse vegetables were grown according to the method of example 1, except that the vegetable growth regulators used were the vegetable growth regulators prepared in preparation examples 4 to 14, respectively.
Example 15
This example is provided to illustrate the method of foliar application of solar greenhouse vegetables of the present invention.
(1) In sub-optimal temperature conditions (light quantum flux density (PFD) day-mean of sunlight greenhouse 200 μmol. m-2·s-1Sowing tomatoes at the daytime temperature of 15 ℃, the night temperature of 8 ℃, the photoperiod of 7h/17h and the relative humidity of 80%), and planting when the tomato seedlings grow to five leaves and one heart, wherein the planting density is 3200 plants/mu;
(2) the vegetable growth regulator prepared in preparation example 1 is sprayed on the leaf surface of the first time 10 days after field planting and seedling slowing, and the using amount of the vegetable growth regulator is 45L per mu of vegetables;
(3) when the tomatoes grow to the initial flowering phase, the vegetable growth regulator prepared in preparation example 1 is sprayed on the leaf surfaces for the second time, and the dosage of the vegetable growth regulator is 170L per mu of vegetables.
Comparative example 1
Solar greenhouse vegetables were grown according to the method of example 1, except that the vegetable growth regulator used was the vegetable growth regulator prepared in preparation example 15.
Comparative example 2
Solar greenhouse vegetables were grown according to the method of example 1, except that the vegetable growth regulator used was the vegetable growth regulator prepared in preparation example 16.
Comparative example 3
Solar greenhouse vegetables were grown according to the method of example 1, except that the vegetable growth regulator used was the vegetable growth regulator prepared in preparation example 17.
Test example
Test example 1
The vegetable growth regulator prepared in preparation example 1 and preparation examples 10 and 16 was used under sub-optimal temperature conditions (light quantum flux density of sunlight greenhouse)The daily average value of the degree (PFD) is 200. mu. mol. m-2·s-1Day temperature 15 deg.C, night temperature 8 deg.C, photoperiod 7h/17h, relative humidity 80%), and measuring the concentration of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride (ALA) in the vegetable growth regulator every 24 hours (7 days in total), with the results shown in FIG. 1. Wherein, the concentration of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride in the vegetable growth regulator is determined by adopting a spectrophotometric method.
Test example 2
The yields of the solar greenhouse vegetables planted in examples 1 to 15 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.
Test example 3
The disease index of each disease on the 80 th day of vegetable planting is calculated and shown in the following table 2. Wherein, the calculation formula of the disease index is as follows:
disease index ∑ (number of diseased plants at each stage × the disease grade value)/(number of investigated total plants × highest grade value) × 100.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
The stability of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride in a sunlight greenhouse under sub-moderate temperature conditions is accurately simulated in the test example 1, as can be seen from FIG. 1, under sub-moderate temperature conditions, the concentration of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride in the vegetable growth regulator gradually decreases with the passage of time, it is clear, however, that when levulinic acid is not added, the rate of degradation of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride increases, the concentration decreases faster over time, it can be shown that levulinic acid under sub-moderate temperature conditions can improve the stability of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride, and as such, when no biosurfactant is added, the degradation rate of the 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride is increased, the concentration is reduced rapidly along with the time, it can be shown that the biosurfactant can improve the stability of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride under the sub-moderate temperature condition.
As can be seen from the data of tables 1 and 2, various solar greenhouse vegetables under sub-moderate temperature conditions can be significantly improved in vegetable and yield and significantly reduced in various plant diseases and insect pests of the vegetables by foliar spraying with the vegetable growth regulator of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. A vegetable growth regulator is characterized by comprising 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, sodium naphthaleneacetate, sodium compound nitrophenolate, epibrassinolide, levulinic acid, a biosurfactant and weakly acidic oxidation potential water, wherein the weight ratio of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof, the sodium naphthaleneacetate, the sodium compound nitrophenolate, the epibrassinolide, the levulinic acid and the biosurfactant is 1: 2-6: 2-6: 0.01-0.1: 1-5: 0.07-0.25, relative to 1mg of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, the dosage of the weak acidic oxidation potential water is 120-150mL, wherein the oxidation-reduction potential of the weak acidic oxidation potential water is between 800-1180, the effective chlorine content is 10-100mg/L, the pH value is 5-6.5, the active oxygen content is 10-30mg/L, and the vegetable is at least one of cucumber, tomato, eggplant and pepper.
2. The vegetable growth regulator of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, sodium naphthaleneacetate, sodium polynitrophenate, epibrassinolide and levulinic acid is 1: 3-5: 3-5: 0.04-0.06: 2-3, the amount of weakly acidic oxidation potential water used was 130-140mL relative to 1mg of 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof.
3. A vegetable growth regulator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the 5-aminolevulinic acid derivative is 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride and/or 5-aminolevulinic acid phosphate.
4. A vegetable growth regulator as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the biosurfactant is a non-ionic biosurfactant.
5. The vegetable growth regulator of claim 4, wherein the non-ionic biosurfactant is a saponin-based surfactant and an alkyl glycoside.
6. A vegetable growth regulator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the regulator further comprises an amino acid compound fertilizer containing glycine, lysine, arginine and ornithine.
7. The vegetable growth regulator of claim 6, wherein the weight ratio of glycine, lysine, arginine and ornithine is 1: 2-5: 1-2: 0.2-0.6.
8. A vegetable growth regulator according to claim 6, wherein the total content of the amino acid compound fertilizer is 0.08-0.16g with respect to 1g of 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof.
9. A vegetable growth regulator according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising succinic acid in an amount such that the pH of the vegetable growth regulator is 5.5 to 6.5.
10. A method for spraying foliage of vegetables in a sunlight greenhouse is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) under the condition of sub-moderate temperature, sowing vegetables, and planting at proper age;
(2) spraying a vegetable growth regulator on the leaf surface of the first time after the field planting and the seedling slowing;
(3) when the vegetables grow to the initial flowering phase/the initial flowering phase, spraying a vegetable growth regulator on the leaf surfaces for the second time;
wherein the vegetable growth regulator is the regulator of any one of claims 1 to 9.
11. The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein in step (1), the colonization density is 3000-3600 plants/mu.
12. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the amount of the vegetable growth regulator applied for the first time is 40-60L and the amount of the vegetable growth regulator applied for the second time is 190L per mu of vegetable.
13. The method of claim 10, wherein in step (1), the sub-ambient temperature conditions comprise: the solar greenhouse has a Photon Flux Density (PFD) daily average value of 160-300 mu mol.m-2·s-1Day and night average temperature of 10-18 ℃/6-12 ℃, photoperiod: 7-10h/14-17h, and the relative humidity is 65% -90%.
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