CN108522503B - Cucumber growth regulator and sunlight greenhouse cucumber planting method - Google Patents
Cucumber growth regulator and sunlight greenhouse cucumber planting method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N33/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds containing nitrogen-to-oxygen bonds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/42—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing within the same carbon skeleton a carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a carbon atom having only two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. keto-carboxylic acids
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- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom rings with more than six members
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- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cucumber growth regulator and a sunlight greenhouse cucumber planting method. The cucumber growth regulator contains 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, sodium naphthaleneacetate, compound sodium nitrophenolate, epibrassinolide, levulinic acid and weakly acidic oxidation potential water, wherein the weight ratio of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof to the sodium naphthaleneacetate, the compound sodium nitrophenolate, the epibrassinolide to the levulinic acid is 1: 1-3: 10-15: 20-30: 1-5, and the dosage of the weakly acidic oxidation potential water is 50-300mL relative to 1mg of 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof. Also relates to a sunlight greenhouse cucumber planting method. The cucumber growth regulator provided by the invention is used for drip irrigation of the sunlight greenhouse cucumber under the condition of sub-moderate temperature, so that the cucumber yield can be obviously improved, and various plant diseases and insect pests of the cucumber can be obviously reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of promoting high-yield cultivation of plants, and particularly relates to a cucumber growth regulator and a sunlight greenhouse cucumber planting method.
Background
The sunlight greenhouse and the plastic greenhouse are effective equipment for realizing vegetable planting in winter and spring in north China, but because the plastic greenhouse and the sunlight greenhouse in China are generally simple and crude and lack necessary environment regulation and control equipment for temperature, light, water, gas and the like, sub-suitable environments such as low temperature, weak light, high humidity and the like exist in facilities in winter and spring for a long time. The cucumber belongs to a temperature-loving crop, is one of main vegetables for facility cultivation in northern China, and due to the fact that a sub-suitable environment exists in the facility for a long time, the chlorophyll content of the cucumber can be reduced, the activity of carbon assimilation related enzyme is inhibited, photosynthesis is hindered, growth is delayed and the like, and the growth and yield of the cucumber are seriously influenced.
At present, the main research for improving the yield of plants is based on the synergistic effect of a plurality of fertilizer mixtures. For example, patent invention CN102531778A discloses a water-soluble fertilizer containing 5-aminolevulinic acid chemical modifier, which contains protein peptide, water-soluble chelated sucrose, trace element mixture, 5-aminolevulinic acid chemical modifier and penetration enhancer. The water-soluble fertilizer is prepared by combining a plurality of components, the preparation process is complex, and the plurality of fertilizers are added simultaneously, so that the fertilizer and the water cannot be reasonably applied and irrigated according to the growth condition of crops, and the fertilizer and the water are wasted to cause fertilizer damage. In addition, the stability of the chemical modifier of 5-aminolevulinic acid in the water-soluble fertilizer is not high, and the chemical modifier is preferably applied at low temperature at night or in the shade after being applied in the day, namely the operation is not easy. In addition, the water-soluble fertilizer is not suitable for greenhouse soil planting of long-term continuous cropping, and because the greenhouse soil of long-term continuous cropping is easy to cause plant diseases and insect pests and the porosity of the soil is low, various components in the water-soluble fertilizer are not uniformly distributed in the soil and are not easy to be absorbed by plant roots. In summary, the stability and availability of the various ingredients in water-soluble fertilizers, especially 5-aminolevulinic acid, is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of frequent diseases and insect pests of continuous cropping soil of a sunlight greenhouse and low stability and utilization rate of 5-aminolevulinic acid regulators in the prior art. The invention provides a cucumber growth regulator and a sunlight greenhouse cucumber planting method, so that the plant diseases and insect pests of cucumber growth can be reduced, the stability and the utilization rate of a 5-aminolevulinic acid regulator are improved, and the yield of cucumber is obviously improved.
In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides a cucumber growth regulator comprising 5-aminolevulinic acid and its derivatives, sodium naphthaleneacetate, sodium polynitrophenate, epibrassinolide, levulinic acid and weakly acidic oxidation potential water, wherein the weight ratio of 5-aminolevulinic acid and its derivatives, sodium naphthaleneacetate, sodium polynitrophenate, epibrassinolide and levulinic acid is 1: 1-3: 10-15: 20-30: 1-5, and the dosage of the weakly acidic oxidation potential water is 50-300mL relative to 1mg of 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof.
On the other hand, the invention provides a sunlight greenhouse cucumber planting method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) measuring the pH value of the sunlight greenhouse soil to be alkaline, and then adding humic acid to adjust the pH value to 5.5-6.5;
(2) under the condition of sub-moderate temperature, sowing the cucumbers, and planting the cucumber seedlings when the cucumber seedlings grow to have two leaves and one heart;
(3) drip irrigation cucumber growth regulator on roots after field planting and seedling revival;
wherein the cucumber growth regulator is the regulator.
In the invention, levulinic acid can improve the stability of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, and can be used as a stabilizer of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, while the prior art generally improves the stability of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof by alkylating 5-aminolevulinic acid and the like, namely chemically modifying 5-aminolevulinic acid, but the chemical modification method is complex and high in cost, and whether the chemically modified 5-aminolevulinic acid can also act per se cannot be predicted. The invention can improve the stability of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof by adding the levulinic acid, and does not influence the functions of other components of sodium naphthalene acetate, compound sodium nitrophenolate, epibrassinolide and weak acidic oxidation potential water. In addition, the inventor creatively applies the weak acidic oxidation potential water to the agricultural field, thereby being capable of preventing the microorganisms in the soil from having adverse effects on the plant absorption of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof, further improving the stability and the utilization rate of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof, and improving the production yield. In addition, the weak acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water can also properly improve the opening degree of the air pores of the surface cells of the roots and the permeability of the cell walls, so that the permeability of the roots is maintained in a stable range, and the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof, sodium naphthalene acetate, sodium compound nitrophenolate and surface brassinolide are more stably and continuously absorbed by the roots of plants, thereby remarkably improving the yield of the cucumbers under the condition of suboptimal temperature.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a stability curve of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride in cucumber growth regulators of preparation example 1 and preparation example 16 according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and is in no way intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides a cucumber growth regulator, which contains 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, sodium naphthaleneacetate, compound sodium nitrophenolate, epibrassinolide, levulinic acid and weakly acidic oxidation potential water, wherein the weight ratio of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof, the sodium naphthaleneacetate, the compound sodium nitrophenolate, the epibrassinolide and the levulinic acid is 1: 1-3: 10-15: 20-30: 1-5, and the dosage of the weakly acidic oxidation potential water is 50-300mL relative to 1mg of 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof, sodium naphthaleneacetate, sodium nitrophenolate, epibrassinolide and levulinic acid is 1: 1.5-2: 10-12: 24-26: 2-3, relative to 1mg of 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof, the dosage of the weak acidic oxidation potential water is 100-200mL, so that the stability and the utilization rate of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof can be further improved, the yield of the cucumber can be further improved, and the plant diseases and insect pests of the cucumber can be reduced.
Those skilled in the art know that weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water is commonly used as a disinfectant in the medical field. The inventor of the present invention found in research that, although the decomposition rate of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof is still high under sub-moderate temperature conditions, through continuous experiments, it was found that various pests, such as downy mildew, powdery mildew, bacterial angular leaf spot, corynespora leaf spot, root knot nematode disease and the like, exist in greenhouse soil for continuous cropping of cucumbers, and the pests can seriously affect the stability and utilization rate of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, sodium naphthalene acetate, sodium nitrophenolate, and epibrassinolide, and in addition, long-term application of alkaline fertilizers may also be one of the reasons for the high decomposition rate of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof. The inventor creatively applies the weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water to the agricultural field, thereby being capable of preventing the microorganisms in the soil from having adverse effects on the plant absorption of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof, further improving the stability and the utilization rate of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof and improving the production yield. In addition, the weak acidic oxidation potential water can moderately improve the openness of the air pores of the surface cells of the roots and the permeability of the cell walls so as to improve the activity of the roots of the seedlings and maintain the permeability of the roots in a stable range, so that the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof, sodium naphthylacetate, sodium nitrophenolate and epibrassinolide are more stably and continuously absorbed by the roots of the plants.
Furthermore, the inventors of the present invention have found through research that levulinic acid can improve the stability of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof and can be used as a stabilizer for 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, whereas in the prior art, the improvement of the stability of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof is generally performed by chemically modifying 5-aminolevulinic acid, such as alkylating 5-aminolevulinic acid, but such a chemical modification method is complicated and costly, and it is unpredictable whether chemically modified 5-aminolevulinic acid itself can still function. The invention can improve the stability of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof by adding the levulinic acid, and does not influence the functions of other components of sodium naphthalene acetate, sodium nitrophenolate, epibrassinolide and weakly acidic oxidation potential water.
According to the regulator, the weak acidic oxidation potential water can be various weak acidic oxidation potential water in the field, preferably, the oxidation-reduction potential of the weak acidic oxidation potential water is between 800-1180, the effective chlorine content is 10-100mg/L, the pH value is 5-6.5, and the active oxygen content is 10-30mg/L, so that the stability and the utilization rate of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof can be further improved, and the yield of cucumbers can be further remarkably improved.
In the present invention, the weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water can be prepared by various conventional weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water generators in the art. The weak acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water generator can be a weak acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water device in the patent application CN 204125535U.
According to the regulator, the 5-aminolevulinic acid derivative is 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride and/or 5-aminolevulinic acid phosphate, preferably 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride, so that the stability and the utilization rate of 5-aminolevulinic acid can be further improved, and the yield of cucumbers is remarkably improved.
The regulator according to the present invention preferably further comprises a biosurfactant. In the invention, the biosurfactant can ensure that the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof, sodium naphthalene acetate, compound sodium nitrophenolate and epibrassinolide have better dispersibility in the solution, and can also make 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, sodium naphthalene acetate, compound sodium nitrophenolate, epibrassinolide, levulinic acid and weak acid oxidation potential water adsorbed on the root of cucumber plants, the weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water can moderately improve the openness of the pores of the surface cells of the roots and the permeability of the walls of the cells, so that the permeability of the roots is maintained in a stable range, therefore, the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof, sodium naphthalene acetate, compound sodium nitrophenolate and epibrassinolide are more stably and continuously absorbed by the roots of the plants, the long-acting property and the utilization rate of the regulator are ensured, and the yield of the cucumbers can be obviously improved. In addition, the biosurfactant does not cause soil pollution.
Preferably, the biosurfactant is a nonionic biosurfactant, more preferably the nonionic biosurfactant is a saponin surfactant and an alkyl glycoside, and further preferably the weight ratio of saponin surfactant to alkyl glycoside is 1: 1-2, thereby further improving the long-lasting property and the utilization rate of the regulator and further obviously improving the yield of the cucumber. In the present invention, the saponin surfactant may be any of various saponin surfactants conventionally used in the art, and may be, for example, polygala tenuifolia saponin, aescin, quillaic acid, and camelliaside, but is not limited thereto, and polygala tenuifolia saponin is preferable. Alkyl glycosides are available, for example, from Beijing Hanolongda scientific development, Inc. under CAS number 157707-88-5.
Further preferably, the total content of the biosurfactant is 0.07-0.25g relative to 1g of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof, so that the long-acting property and the utilization rate of the regulator can be further improved, and the yield of the cucumber can be further remarkably improved.
The regulator according to the invention preferably further comprises an amino acid compound fertilizer, wherein the amino acid compound fertilizer comprises glycine, lysine, arginine and ornithine; more preferably, the weight ratio of glycine, lysine, arginine and ornithine is 1: 2-5: 1-2: 0.2-0.6; further preferably, the total content of the amino acid compound fertilizer is 0.1-0.2g relative to 1g of 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof. In the invention, the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof can promote the absorption of nitrogen fertilizers, especially small molecular nitrogen fertilizers, thereby remarkably improving the yield of cucumbers.
According to the regulator of the invention, the regulator preferably also contains succinic acid, and the content of the succinic acid enables the pH value of the cucumber growth regulator to be 5.5-6.5.
On the other hand, the invention provides a sunlight greenhouse cucumber planting method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) measuring the pH value of the sunlight greenhouse soil to be alkaline, and then adding humic acid to adjust the pH value to 5.5-6.5;
(2) under the condition of sub-moderate temperature, sowing the cucumbers, and planting the cucumber seedlings when the cucumber seedlings grow to have two leaves and one heart;
(3) drip irrigation cucumber growth regulator on roots after field planting and seedling revival;
wherein the cucumber growth regulator is the regulator.
In the invention, for the convenience of preservation, before the cucumber growth regulator is used, 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, sodium naphthaleneacetate, compound sodium nitrophenolate, epibrassinolide, levulinic acid and weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water are mixed, wherein the 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, the sodium naphthaleneacetate, the compound sodium nitrophenolate, the epibrassinolide, the levulinic acid, the amino acid compound fertilizer and the biosurfactant are sequentially added into the weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water and then uniformly stirred, and finally the pH value of the cucumber growth regulator is regulated by succinic acid.
According to the method of the invention, the pH value of the sunlight greenhouse soil is measured by adopting a pH value meter, and the pH value can be various commonly used pH values in the field.
The humic acid may be any of the humic acids conventionally used in the art, such as those available from Wuhanplos scientific Co., Ltd.
In order to further improve the stability of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof in the modulator according to the method of the invention, preferably the sub-ambient temperature conditions comprise: the solar greenhouse has a Photon Flux Density (PFD) daily average value of 160-300 mu mol.m-2·s-1Day and night average temperature of 10-18 ℃/6-12 ℃, photoperiod: 7-10h/14-17h, and the relative humidity is 65% -90%.
According to the method of the invention, in the step (2), the planting density can be 3000-3600 plants/mu.
According to the method provided by the invention, preferably, in the step (3), the amount of the cucumber growth regulator is 300-480L per mu of cucumber seedling for 1-2 times, so that the cucumber yield can be remarkably improved and the cucumber plant diseases and insect pests can be reduced.
According to the method of the present invention, the method may further include: the cucumber growth regulator is drip-irrigated at the roots 7-14 days after the slow seedling planting, so that the utilization rate of the cucumber growth regulator can be improved.
According to the method, the cucumber growth regulator is stable, so that the cucumber growth regulator does not need shading treatment after application, and therefore, the method is simpler to operate and easier to popularize and use on a large scale.
Examples
5-Aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride was purchased from Sai Antianfeng Biotech, Inc. under CAS number: 5451-09-2; sodium naphthaleneacetate was purchased from Jinshan bioengineering, Inc., Jinhan, Inc., having a CAS number of: 61-31-4; sodium nitrophenolate was purchased from biotechnology limited, beijing huayuyo, under CAS number: 67233-85-6; the epibrassinolide is purchased from Beijing Solaibao science and technology Limited, and has a CAS number of 78821-43-9; levulinic acid was purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biotechnology, Inc.; polygalaxolide was purchased from Doctoreis Biotech limited under CAS number: 2469-34-3; alkyl glycosides are available from Beijing Hanlongda scientific development, Inc. under CAS number 157707-88-5.
The weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water was prepared by the weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water apparatus of patent application CN 204125535U.
Preparation example 1
This preparation example is used to illustrate the preparation of the cucumber growth regulator of the present invention.
1g of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride, 1.5g of sodium naphthylacetate, 12g of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 24g of epibrassinolide, 2g of levulinic acid and 0.1g of amino acid compound fertilizer (the weight ratio of glycine to lysine to arginine to ornithine is 1: 2: 1: 0.2), 0.07g of biosurfactant (consisting of tenuigenin and alkyl glycoside, and the weight ratio of the tenuigenin to the alkyl glycoside is 1: 2) are sequentially added into 100L of weakly acidic oxidation potential water (the oxidation-reduction potential is 1000, the effective chlorine content is 50mg/L, the pH value is 5.5, and the active oxygen content is 20mg/L) and then stirred uniformly, and finally the pH value of the cucumber growth regulator is adjusted to 5.5 by succinic acid.
Preparation example 2
This preparation example is used to illustrate the preparation of the cucumber growth regulator of the present invention.
1g of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride, 1.5g of sodium naphthylacetate, 11g of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 25g of epibrassinolide, 3g of levulinic acid and 0.15g of amino acid compound fertilizer (the weight ratio of glycine to lysine to arginine to ornithine is 1: 3: 1.5: 0.4), 0.1g of biosurfactant (consisting of tenuigenin and alkyl glycoside, and the weight ratio of the tenuigenin to the alkyl glycoside is 1: 1.5) are sequentially added into 150L of weakly acidic oxidation potential water (the oxidation-reduction potential is 800, the effective chlorine content is 10mg/L, the pH value is 5, and the active oxygen content is 10mg/L) and then stirred uniformly, and finally the pH value of the cucumber growth regulator is regulated to 6 by succinic acid.
Preparation example 3
This preparation example is used to illustrate the preparation of the cucumber growth regulator of the present invention.
1g of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride, 2g of sodium naphthalene acetate, 10g of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 26g of epibrassinolide, 3g of levulinic acid and 0.2g of amino acid compound fertilizer (the weight ratio of glycine to lysine to arginine to ornithine is 1: 5: 2: 0.6), 0.25g of biosurfactant (consisting of tenuifolin and alkyl glycoside, and the weight ratio of the tenuifolin to the alkyl glycoside is 1: 1) are sequentially added into 200L of weakly acidic oxidation potential water (the oxidation-reduction potential is 1180, the effective chlorine content is 100mg/L, the pH value is 6.5, and the active oxygen content is 30mg/L) and then stirred uniformly, and finally, the pH value of the cucumber growth regulator is regulated to 6.5 by succinic acid.
Preparation example 4
This preparation example is used to illustrate the preparation of the cucumber growth regulator of the present invention.
A cucumber growth regulator was prepared according to the method of preparation example 1, except that the total weight of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride, sodium naphthylacetate, sodium nitrophenolate complex, epibrassinolide and levulinic acid in the cucumber growth regulator was unchanged, but the weight ratio of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride, sodium naphthylacetate, sodium nitrophenolate complex, epibrassinolide and levulinic acid was 1: 3: 15: 30: 1.
preparation example 5
This preparation example is used to illustrate the preparation of the cucumber growth regulator of the present invention.
Cucumber growth regulator was prepared by following the procedure of preparation example 1 except that the amount of weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water used was 50mL with respect to 1mg of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride.
Preparation example 6
This preparation example is used to illustrate the preparation of the cucumber growth regulator of the present invention.
Cucumber growth regulator was prepared by following the procedure of preparation example 1 except that weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water had an oxidation-reduction potential of 1200, an available chlorine content of 110mg/L, a pH value of 7 and an active oxygen content of 40 mg/L.
Preparation example 7
This preparation example is used to illustrate the preparation of the cucumber growth regulator of the present invention.
Cucumber growth regulator was prepared by following the procedure of preparation example 1 except that weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water had an oxidation-reduction potential of 700, an available chlorine content of 5mg/L, a pH value of 4 and an active oxygen content of 5 mg/L.
Preparation example 8
This preparation example is used to illustrate the preparation of the cucumber growth regulator of the present invention.
Cucumber growth regulator was prepared according to the method of preparation example 1, except that the biosurfactant consisted of tenuigenin and alkyl glycoside in a weight ratio of 1: 0.5.
preparation example 9
This preparation example is used to illustrate the preparation of the cucumber growth regulator of the present invention.
Cucumber growth regulator was prepared according to the method of preparation example 1, except that the biosurfactant was composed entirely of tenuigenin.
Preparation example 10
This preparation example is used to illustrate the preparation of the cucumber growth regulator of the present invention.
Cucumber growth regulator was prepared according to the method of preparation example 1, except that the biosurfactant was composed entirely of alkyl glycoside.
Preparation example 11
This preparation example is used to illustrate the preparation of the cucumber growth regulator of the present invention.
Cucumber growth regulator was prepared according to the method of preparation example 1, except that the total content of the biosurfactant was 3g with respect to 1g of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride.
Preparation example 12
This preparation example is used to illustrate the preparation of the cucumber growth regulator of the present invention.
A cucumber growth regulator was prepared according to the method of preparation example 1, except that the amino acid compound fertilizer had a weight ratio of glycine, lysine, arginine and ornithine of 1: 6: 3: 0.7.
preparation example 13
This preparation example is used to illustrate the preparation of the cucumber growth regulator of the present invention.
The cucumber growth regulator was prepared according to the method of preparation example 1, except that the amino acid compound fertilizer was entirely composed of glycine.
Preparation example 14
This preparation example is used to illustrate the preparation of the cucumber growth regulator of the present invention.
Cucumber growth regulator was prepared according to the method of preparation example 1, except that succinic acid was contained in an amount such that the cucumber growth regulator had a pH of 7.
Preparation example 15
This preparation example is used to illustrate the preparation of the cucumber growth regulator of the present invention.
Cucumber growth regulator was prepared according to the method of preparation example 1, except that the weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water of preparation example 1 was replaced with an equal amount of distilled water.
Preparation example 16
This preparation example is used to illustrate the preparation of the cucumber growth regulator of the present invention.
Cucumber growth regulator was prepared according to the method of preparation example 1, except that levulinic acid was omitted from the cucumber growth regulator, and the other components were the same as in preparation example 1.
Preparation example 17
This preparation example is used to illustrate the preparation of the cucumber growth regulator of the present invention.
Cucumber growth regulator was prepared according to the method of preparation example 1, except that 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride was omitted from the cucumber growth regulator.
Example 1
This example is used to illustrate the solar greenhouse cucumber planting method of the present invention.
(1) Measuring the pH value of the sunlight greenhouse soil of the continuous cropping 1 stubble of the cucumber to be 7.28 by adopting the pH value meter, and then adding humic acid to adjust the pH value of the soil to be 5.5;
(2) in sub-optimal temperature conditions (light quantum flux density (PFD) day-mean of sunlight greenhouse 200 μmol. m-2·s-1Sowing cucumbers at the daytime temperature of 15 ℃, at the night temperature of 8 ℃, the photoperiod of 7h/17h and the relative humidity of 80%), and planting when the cucumber seedlings grow to have two leaves and one heart, wherein the planting density is 3200 plants/mu;
(3) the cucumber growth regulator prepared in preparation example 1 was applied to roots 10 days after field planting and seedling slowing, and the amount of the cucumber growth regulator used per mu was 300L for 1 time.
Example 2
This example is used to illustrate the solar greenhouse cucumber planting method of the present invention.
(1) Measuring the pH value of the sunlight greenhouse soil of the continuous cropping 2 stubbles of the cucumbers to be 6.89 by adopting the pH value meter, and then adding humic acid to adjust the pH value of the soil to be 6;
(2) in sub-ambient light conditions (photon flux density (PFD) daily mean value of the photo-greenhouse is 270. mu. mol. m-2·s-1Sowing cucumbers at the daytime temperature of 18 ℃, at the night temperature of 12 ℃, the photoperiod of 12h/12h and the relative humidity of 80%), and planting when the cucumber seedlings grow to have two leaves and one heart, wherein the planting density is 3200 plants/mu;
(3) the cucumber growth regulator prepared in preparation example 2 is applied to roots of the cucumber seedlings after the permanent planting and seedling revival for 14 days, and the amount of the cucumber growth regulator used in each time is 300L for 1 time.
Example 3
This example is used to illustrate the solar greenhouse cucumber planting method of the present invention.
(1) Measuring the pH value of the sunlight greenhouse soil of the continuous cropping 3 stubbles of the cucumbers to be 6.63 by adopting the pH value meter, and then adding humic acid to adjust the pH value of the soil to be 6.5;
(2) in sub-isothermal conditions (Photonic greenhouse with a Photon Flux Density (PFD) daily average of 200. mu. mol. m-2·s-1Sowing cucumbers at the daytime temperature of 14 ℃, at the night temperature of 8 ℃, the photoperiod of 9h/15h and the relative humidity of 70 percent, and planting when the cucumber seedlings grow to have two leaves and one heart, wherein the planting density is 3000 plants/mu;
(3) the cucumber growth regulator prepared in preparation example 3 was applied to roots 10 days after field planting and seedling slowing, and the amount of the cucumber growth regulator used per mu of cucumber seedling was 350L each time, for 1 time.
Examples 4 to 14
This example is used to illustrate the solar greenhouse cucumber planting method of the present invention.
A solar greenhouse cucumber was grown according to the method of example 1, except that the cucumber growth regulators used were the cucumber growth regulators prepared in preparation examples 4-14, respectively.
Comparative example 1
A solar greenhouse cucumber was grown in the same manner as in example 1, except that the cucumber growth regulator used was the cucumber growth regulator prepared in preparation example 15.
Comparative example 2
A solar greenhouse cucumber was grown in the same manner as in example 1, except that the cucumber growth regulator used was the cucumber growth regulator prepared in preparation example 16.
Comparative example 3
A solar greenhouse cucumber was grown in the same manner as in example 1, except that the cucumber growth regulator used was the cucumber growth regulator prepared in preparation example 17.
Test example
Test example 1
The cucumber growth regulators prepared in preparation examples 1 and 16 were used under sub-optimal temperature conditions (the daily average value of the Photon Flux Density (PFD) of a sunlight greenhouse was 200. mu. mol. m)-2·s-1The day temperature is 15 ℃, the night temperature is 8 ℃, and the photoperiod is 7h/17h, relative humidity 80%) and then measuring the concentration of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride (ALA) in the cucumber growth regulator every 24 hours (7 days in total), and the measurement result is shown in figure 1. Wherein, the concentration of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride in the cucumber growth regulator is determined by adopting a spectrophotometry.
Test example 2
The yields of solar greenhouse cucumbers planted in examples 1 to 14 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were determined, and the results are shown in table 1 below.
Test example 3
The disease index of each disease at 70 days after cucumber planting is calculated and shown in the following table 2. Wherein, the calculation formula of the disease index is as follows:
the disease index is ∑ (number of disease plants at each stage ×, disease value)/(total number of investigated plants × highest value) × 100.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
In the test example 1, the stability of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride in the sunlight greenhouse under the sub-moderate temperature condition is accurately simulated, and as can be seen from fig. 1, the concentration of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride in the cucumber growth regulator gradually decreases with the passage of time under the sub-moderate temperature condition, but obviously, when no levulinic acid is added, the degradation rate of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride increases, and the concentration decreases rapidly with the passage of time, which can indicate that the levulinic acid can improve the stability of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride under the sub-moderate temperature condition.
It can be seen from the data of tables 1 and 2 that the use of the cucumber growth regulator of the present invention to drip-irrigate a solar greenhouse cucumber under sub-optimal temperature conditions can significantly increase cucumber yield and significantly reduce various plant diseases and insect pests of the cucumber.
Claims (16)
1. The cucumber growth regulator is characterized by comprising 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, sodium naphthaleneacetate, compound sodium nitrophenolate, epibrassinolide, levulinic acid and weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water, wherein the weight ratio of the 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivatives thereof to the sodium naphthaleneacetate, the compound sodium nitrophenolate, the epibrassinolide to the levulinic acid is 1: 1-3: 10-15: 20-30: 1-5, and the dosage of the weakly acidic oxidation potential water is 50-300mL relative to 1mg of 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof.
2. Cucumber growth regulator according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, sodium naphthaleneacetate, sodium polynitrophenate, epibrassinolide and levulinic acid is 1: 1.5-2: 10-12: 24-26: 2-3, the amount of the weakly acidic oxidation potential water is 100-200mL relative to 1mg of 5-aminolevulinic acid and the derivative thereof.
3. The cucumber growth regulator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the slightly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water has an oxidation-reduction potential of 800-1180, an effective chlorine content of 10-100mg/L, a pH value of 5-6.5 and an active oxygen content of 10-30 mg/L.
4. Cucumber growth regulator according to any one of the claims 1-3, wherein the 5-aminolevulinic acid derivative is 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride and/or 5-aminolevulinic acid phosphate.
5. Cucumber growth regulator according to any of the claims 1-3, wherein the regulator further comprises a biosurfactant.
6. Cucumber growth regulator according to claim 5, wherein the biosurfactant is a non-ionic biosurfactant.
7. Cucumber growth regulator according to claim 6, wherein the non-ionic biosurfactant is a saponin surfactant and an alkyl glycoside.
8. Cucumber growth regulator according to claim 5, wherein the total content of biosurfactant is between 0.07 and 0.25g relative to 1g 5-aminolevulinic acid and its derivatives.
9. Cucumber growth regulator according to any of the claims 1-3, wherein the regulator further comprises an amino acid compound fertilizer containing glycine, lysine, arginine and ornithine.
10. Cucumber growth regulator according to claim 9, wherein the weight ratio glycine, lysine, arginine and ornithine is 1: 2-5: 1-2: 0.2-0.6.
11. Cucumber growth regulator according to claim 9, wherein the total content of the amino acid compound fertilizer is between 0.1 and 0.2g relative to 1g 5-aminolevulinic acid and its derivatives.
12. Cucumber growth regulator according to any of the claims 1-3, wherein the regulator further comprises succinic acid in an amount such that the cucumber growth regulator has a pH value of 5.5-6.5.
13. A sunlight greenhouse cucumber planting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) measuring the pH value of the sunlight greenhouse soil to be alkaline, and then adding humic acid to adjust the pH value to 5.5-6.5;
(2) under the condition of sub-moderate temperature, sowing the cucumbers, and planting the cucumber seedlings when the cucumber seedlings grow to have two leaves and one heart;
(3) drip irrigation cucumber growth regulator on roots after field planting and seedling revival;
wherein the cucumber growth regulator is the regulator of any one of claims 1-12.
14. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein in step (2), the colonization density is 3000-3600 plants/mu.
15. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein in step (3), the amount of the cucumber growth regulator is 300-480L/mu for 1-2 times.
16. The method of claim 13, wherein in step (2), the sub-ambient conditions comprise: the solar greenhouse has a Photon Flux Density (PFD) daily average value of 160-300 mu mol.m-2·s-1Day and night average temperature of 10-18 ℃/6-12 ℃, photoperiod: 7-10h/14-17h, and the relative humidity is 65% -90%.
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