CN108729219A - 具有免烫整理功能的整理剂及用于棉织物免烫整理的方法 - Google Patents

具有免烫整理功能的整理剂及用于棉织物免烫整理的方法 Download PDF

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CN108729219A
CN108729219A CN201710260196.1A CN201710260196A CN108729219A CN 108729219 A CN108729219 A CN 108729219A CN 201710260196 A CN201710260196 A CN 201710260196A CN 108729219 A CN108729219 A CN 108729219A
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李春荣
陈刚
薛成强
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Sheyang Tianyuan Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及具有免烫整理功能的整理剂及用于棉织物免烫整理的方法，免烫整理剂包含助催化剂、高效渗透剂、交联剂、催化剂、引发剂、强力保护剂和水。处理方法包括：将棉织物浸入整理液中，浸渍2～3min，然后二浸二轧，带液率为50‑70％，烘干、焙烘，然后再经过柔软整理。本发明使用的助催化剂和高效渗透剂在棉织物免烫整理中优于常规免烫整理，可使整理后的棉织物有很高的撕破强力保留率，对于目前经过免烫整理后织物撕破强力降低过多的现象有明显改善，有广泛的市场前景和工厂生产的可能性。

Description

具有免烫整理功能的整理剂及用于棉织物免烫整理的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有免烫整理功能的整理剂及用于棉织物免烫整理的方法，属于印染后处理中抗皱整理的应用领域。
背景技术
棉织物免烫的历史已经有近百年，但是直到N-羟甲基类的整理剂出现才有了实质性的突破，达到了现代人所要求的免烫和洗可穿的效果。然而随着时代的进步，人们发现N-羟甲基类整理剂存在甲醛释放、撕破强力大幅下降等问题。这是因为N-羟甲基类整理剂处理到棉织物上后，即使是醚化改性的2D树脂，而且通过水洗、游离甲醛捕捉后，在随后的生产服用过程中N-羟甲基键还是会缓慢水解，缓慢释放甲醛；经过免烫整理后的棉纤维分子链之间形成了共价交联，滑移能力减弱，分子链受力不均匀，容易断裂，尤其是撕破强力降低太多。人们研究多元羧酸类交联剂用以克服甲醛释放的问题，但是撕破强力大幅降低的问题依然存在。
因此，采用较为温和的焙烘温度，在确保棉织物免烫效果的同时，提高免烫整理后棉织物的撕破强力保留率是一个十分重要的研究方向。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种有效用于棉织物免烫整理的具有免烫整理功能的整理剂，该整理剂中含有助催化剂和高效渗透剂，本发明在多元羧酸类交联剂基础上，利用助催化剂和高效渗透剂促进多元羧酸在较温和的焙烘温度下和棉纤维上的羟基发生酯化反应，采用轧烘焙的方法将整理剂处理到棉织物上，该方法所得织物的免烫效果和常规免烫整理的效果相当，但是撕破强力保留率大大提高，工艺不增加新设备，易于工业化生产。
本发明的目的是通过以下方式实现的：
一种具有免烫整理功能的整理剂，该整理剂主要由助催化剂、高效渗透剂、交联剂、催化剂、引发剂、强力保护剂和水制成；其中，交联剂为整理剂质量的3-10％，催化剂与交联剂的摩尔比为1∶2-1∶1，助催化剂为交联剂质量的5-10％，引发剂为交联剂质量的0-1.5％，高效渗透剂为交联剂质量的0.1-0.3％，强力保护剂为整理剂质量的0-4％，余量为水。
所述助催化剂是1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳酰二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC-HCl)；
所述高效渗透剂是无泡磷酸酯(MP-1)。
本发明所用的助催化剂可以和磷酸盐类催化剂共同作用，降低交联剂多元羧酸和棉纤维中羟基发生酯化反应的温度，减小了棉织物在常规的高温焙烘条件下，多元羧酸类交联剂对棉纤维的酸性降解；高效渗透剂是MP-1，有助于多元羧酸类的交联剂快速均匀地进入到纤维分子间，在其分子间进行在位聚合以及酯化交联，减少了交联剂在纤维表面的沉积和交联，提高交联剂的有效交联。本发明整理剂在使用时可以采用较为温和的焙烘温度，在确保棉织物免烫效果的同时，提高免烫整理后棉织物的撕破强力保留率。
所述的引发剂为过二硫酸钾；强力保护剂为三乙醇胺和聚乙二醇200中的一种或几种。
所述的交联剂为多元羧酸类交联剂，优选马来酸MA、衣康酸IA、丁烷四羧酸BTCA、柠檬酸CA中的一种或多种。
所述的催化剂为次亚磷酸钠、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸二氢钠中的一种。
上述具有免烫整理功能的整理剂的制备方法，其特征在于该方法包括以下步骤：按比例取助催化剂、高效渗透剂、交联剂、催化剂、引发剂、强力保护剂和水，混合即得。
利用上述具有免烫整理功能的整理剂整理棉织物的方法，该方法是将棉织物浸入具有免烫整理功能的整理剂中，浸渍2～3min，进行二浸二轧，带液率为50-70％，烘干，然后焙烘，再经过柔软整理；所述的柔软整理方法如下：将免烫整理后的棉织物浸入柔软整理液中，浸渍2～3min，然后二浸二轧，带液率为50-70％，烘干，得所述的免烫棉织物。上述步骤中优选带液率为60％。
所述棉织物为丝光棉织物或液氨棉织物。
在免烫整理后进行柔软整理，柔软整理液用量与免烫整理剂相同，柔软剂用量是柔软整理液质量的1-3％，溶剂水用量为97-99％。所述的柔软剂为Powersoft AE 38或者TCDC 26(生产厂家：上海德桑精细化工有限公司)。
所述的烘干为在热定型机上80-110℃烘3-10min；焙烘温度为140-160℃，焙烘时间为2-5min。
本发明将免烫整理和柔软整理分为二浴整理棉织物，这是因为所用的柔软剂粒径较大，如果一浴整理会阻碍交联剂在纤维内的渗透，因此分为两浴整理以保证整理后棉织物的免烫效果。
本发明主要是利用助催化剂和高效渗透剂可以在较温和的温度下焙烘，促进交联剂与棉纤维分子链上的羟基发生共价交联，减少棉纤维在高温酸性条件下的降解来提高纤维的强力。施加方式是浸轧-烘干-焙烘法：用去离子水将交联剂、催化剂、助催化剂、引发剂、强力保护剂和高效渗透剂配制成整理液，之后将棉织物浸渍在整理液中一定时间，再用轧车控制织物的带液量，然后在一定温度下烘干和焙烘一定时间，从而得到免烫棉织物，经过免烫的棉织物手感发硬粗糙，需要再进行柔软整理以改善手感，同时进一步巩固免烫效果，最终得到手感柔软、透气性好、撕破强力保留率高、耐水洗的免烫棉织物。
与现有技术比较本发明的有益效果
(1)本发明与传统免烫整理工艺相比，不增加新设备，工艺简单，便于工业化生产；
(2)本发明是向免烫整理液中加入一定量的1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC-HCl)和无泡磷酸酯(MP-1)，在不影响交联剂交联效果的前提下，所得到的免烫整理织物的手感和透气性良好。
(3)本发明整理得到的免烫棉织物相比传统免烫棉织物，织物的撕破强力保留率有显著的提高，对于目前免烫整理织物撕破强力大大降低的问题有明显改善，有广泛的应用前景和市场前景。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
实施例1
将平纹双股液氨棉织物(100*70cm，200.7g/m2)在免烫整理液A中浸渍3min后，进行二浸二轧，带液率为60％，110℃烘5min，然后160℃焙烘4min。再进行柔软整理，在整理液C中浸渍3min后，进行二浸二轧，带液率为60％，80℃烘3min。
免烫整理液A包含有：质量分数为8％的MA-IA-BTCA按照质量比1∶1∶1混合交联剂、次亚磷酸钠、EDC-HCl(生产厂家：浙江普康化工有限公司)、过二硫酸钾、三乙醇胺、聚乙二醇200和MP-1(宝鸡市泽天化工有限公司生产)，余量为79.5％去离子水。其中MA、IA、BTCA的摩尔比为4∶4∶1，次亚磷酸钠与交联剂MA、IA和BTCA之和的摩尔比为1∶1，助催化剂为交联剂质量的6％，过二硫酸钾为交联剂质量的1.5％，三乙醇胺为整理液A质量的2％，聚乙二醇200为整理液A质量的2％，高效渗透剂无泡磷酸酯(MP-1)为交联剂质量的0.2％。
柔软整理液C包含有：质量分数为2％的Powersoft AE 38(生产厂家：广东德美精细化工股份有限公司)，98％的去离子水。
实施例2
将平纹丝光棉织物(133*72cm，40s*40s)在免烫整理液B中浸渍3min后进行二浸二轧，带液率控制在60％，80℃烘3min，然后160℃焙烘4min。再进行柔软整理，在整理液C中浸渍3min后，进行二浸二轧，带液率为60％，80℃烘3min。
免烫整理液B包含有：质量分数为8％的CA交联剂、次亚磷酸钠、EDC-HCl、过二硫酸钾、三乙醇胺、聚乙二醇200和MP-1，余量为79.5％去离子水。其中次亚磷酸钠与交联剂CA之和的摩尔比为1∶1，助催化剂为交联剂质量的6％，过二硫酸钾为交联剂质量的1.5％，三乙醇胺为整理液B质量的2％，聚乙二醇200为整理液B质量的2％，高效渗透剂为交联剂质量的0.2％。
对比例1
将平纹双股液氨棉织物(100*70cm，200.7g/m2)在免烫整理液A中浸渍3min后，进行二浸二轧，带液率为60％，110℃烘5min，然后160℃焙烘4min。再进行柔软整理，在整理液C中浸渍3min后，进行二浸二轧，带液率为60％，80℃烘3min。
免烫整理液A包含有：质量分数为8％的MA-IA-BTCA按照质量比1∶1∶1混合的交联剂、次亚磷酸钠、过二硫酸钾、三乙醇胺、聚乙二醇200，余量为79.5％去离子水。其中MA、IA、BTCA的摩尔比为4∶4∶1，次亚磷酸钠与交联剂MA、IA和BTCA之和的摩尔比为1∶1，过二硫酸钾为免烫整理剂质量的1.5％，三乙醇胺为整理液A质量的2％，聚乙二醇200为整理液A质量的2％。
柔软整理液C包含有：质量分数为2％的Powersoft AE 38(生产厂家：广东德美精细化工股份有限公司)，98％的去离子水。
整理后的棉织物剪成试样在恒温恒湿室(温度21±1℃湿度为65±2％)平衡至少4小时，待测。对整理织物进行各项指标测试，具体如下：
免烫性能测试参照AATCC 66-2003标准在美国SDL公司的弹性回复仪上测试。
撕破强力测试参照ASTM D1424-09纺织品织物撕破强力测试：温州大荣纺织仪器厂YG(B)033D型数字式撕裂仪上测定。
表1 免烫整理液A与不加新助剂整理织物性能比较表
表2 免烫整理液B与不加新助剂整理织物性能比较表

Claims (10)

1.具有免烫整理功能的整理剂，其特征在于该整理剂主要由助催化剂、高效渗透剂、交联剂、催化剂、引发剂、强力保护剂和水制成；其中，交联剂为整理剂质量的3-10％，催化剂与交联剂的摩尔比为1∶2-1∶1，助催化剂为交联剂质量的5-10％，引发剂为交联剂质量的0-1.5％，高效渗透剂为交联剂质量的0.1-0.3％，强力保护剂为整理剂质量的0-4％，余量为水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的具有免烫整理功能的整理剂，其特征在于所述助催化剂是EDC-HCl；所述的高效渗透剂是无泡磷酸酯。
3.根据权利要求1所述的具有免烫整理功能的整理剂，其特征在于所述的引发剂为过二硫酸钾；强力保护剂为三乙醇胺和聚乙二醇200中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的具有免烫整理功能的整理剂，其特征在于所述的交联剂为多元羧酸类交联剂，优选马来酸、衣康酸、丁烷四羧酸、柠檬酸中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的具有免烫整理功能的整理剂，其特征在于所述的催化剂为次亚磷酸钠、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸二氢钠中的一种。
6.权利要求1所述的具有免烫整理功能的整理剂的制备方法，其特征在于该方法包括以下步骤：按比例取助催化剂、高效渗透剂、交联剂、催化剂、引发剂、强力保护剂和水，混合即得。
7.利用权利要求1所述的具有免烫整理功能的整理剂整理棉织物的方法，其特征在于将棉织物浸入具有免烫整理功能的整理剂中，浸渍2～3min，进行二浸二轧，带液率为50-70％，烘干，然后焙烘，再经过柔软整理；所述的柔软整理方法如下：将免烫整理后的棉织物浸入柔软整理液中，浸渍2～3min，然后二浸二轧，带液率为50-70％，烘干，得所述的免烫棉织物。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于所述棉织物为丝光棉织物或液氨棉织物。
9.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于所述的柔软整理液中采用的柔软剂为Powersoft AE 38或者TCDC 26。
10.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于所述的烘干为在热定型机上80-110℃烘3-10min；焙烘温度为140-160℃，焙烘时间为2-5min。
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