CN108728002A - 一种具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108728002A CN108728002A CN201810597280.7A CN201810597280A CN108728002A CN 108728002 A CN108728002 A CN 108728002A CN 201810597280 A CN201810597280 A CN 201810597280A CN 108728002 A CN108728002 A CN 108728002A
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- parts
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- butyl
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- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
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- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Substances [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
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- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- YOEWQQVKRJEPAE-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinylcholine chloride (anhydrous) Chemical class [Cl-].[Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCOC(=O)CCC(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C YOEWQQVKRJEPAE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
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- BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical group CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZQBAKBUEJOMQEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ZQBAKBUEJOMQEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical class [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 2
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- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXDDPOHVAMWLBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone Chemical compound OC1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZXDDPOHVAMWLBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003902 salicylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09J145/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic or in a heterocyclic system; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
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- C09J7/30—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by the adhesive composition
- C09J7/38—Pressure-sensitive adhesives [PSA]
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K2003/2296—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of zinc
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K2201/001—Conductive additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09J2301/00—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2301/10—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive tape or sheet
- C09J2301/12—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive tape or sheet by the arrangement of layers
- C09J2301/124—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive tape or sheet by the arrangement of layers the adhesive layer being present on both sides of the carrier, e.g. double-sided adhesive tape
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- C09J2301/408—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the presence of essential components additives as essential feature of the adhesive layer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09J2423/00—Presence of polyolefin
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- C09J2491/00—Presence of oils, fats or waxes
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- C09J2493/00—Presence of natural resin
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材，所述自粘防水卷材包括依次层叠的隔离层、丁基压敏自粘胶层、胎基层、丁基压敏自粘胶层、隔离层，所述丁基压敏自粘胶层包括以下按重量份计算的组分：丁基橡胶 5‑30份；增粘剂 5‑40份；增塑剂 10‑60份；纳米导电填料 10‑40份；补强剂 10‑50份；纳米活化剂 1‑10份；化学偶联剂 0.5‑5份；抗氧剂 1‑5份；光稳定剂 1‑5份。本发明所述的具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材具有优异的防水性能、耐老化性能和电磁屏蔽效能，且无需热熔施工，无“沥青烟”产生，不会对人体和环境造成危害。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及防水卷材领域，特别地，本发明涉及一种具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材及其制备方法。
背景技术
众所周知，现代电磁技术的迅速发展及越来越多电子元器件的应用，各种带有能量的不同频率的电磁波构成了“电磁辐射污染”，给人们的健康和生存环境带来了极大的干扰，同时，医疗用器械、精密仪器容易被电磁波干扰；在军事、经济领域建筑物处理不当会造成不可挽回的破坏，因此电磁屏蔽问题变的日益重要。
目前，穿透和开口严重影响电磁屏蔽的效能，致使屏蔽效能大幅度降低，防水卷材在工程施工中要求致密、无缝隙，若防水卷材具有电磁屏蔽功能，用于建筑物，在屏蔽外界电磁辐射污染的同时防止军事、经济信息通过无线信号被窃取，保证国家、经济的安全性。
虽然已有专利公开了具有电磁屏蔽功能的防水卷材，但仍然难以满足目前防水市场对环保性能的高需要
发明内容
基于此，本发明在于克服现有技术的缺陷，提供一种具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材，其采用最新的丁基压敏自粘胶高分子材料，具有优异的防水性能和耐老化性能，且无需热熔施工，无“沥青烟”产生，不会对人体和环境造成危害。
本发明的另一目的在于提供所述的具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材的制备方法，所述制备方法施工简单，能够降低防水工人现场操作难度，避免“虚焊”、“脱焊”造成卷材电磁屏蔽效应降低的情况。
其技术方案如下：
一种具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材，所述自粘防水卷材包括依次层叠的隔离层、丁基压敏自粘胶层、胎基层、丁基压敏自粘胶层、隔离层，所述丁基压敏自粘胶层包括以下按重量份计算的组分：
丁基橡胶5-30份；
增粘剂5-40份；
增塑剂10-60份；
纳米导电填料10-40份；
补强剂10-50份；
纳米活化剂1-10份；
化学偶联剂0.5-5份；
抗氧剂1-5份；
光稳定剂1-5份。
本发明中，丁基橡胶是异丁烯和异戊二烯的共聚物，具有良好的化学稳定性和热稳定性、优异的气密性和水密性，防水性能优异，且通常没有气味和味道，环保性能远优于沥青；增粘剂能够提高自粘防水卷材的剥离粘接强度，且快粘性好、粘接性能稳定、熔融粘度适度、耐热性好；增塑剂能够增加材料的可塑性、柔韧性、和拉伸性；纳米导电填料对电磁屏蔽有增益的效果，胎基层可以隔离电磁屏蔽，是实现电磁屏蔽功能的一种手段，但胎基层搭接总会出现一定的间隙，造成电磁从间隙中通过，而在丁基自粘胶层中添加的纳米导电填料，能够彻底杜绝这种情况的发生；纳米活化剂进一步增加了自粘防水卷材电磁屏蔽功能，还增加了防水卷材的耐老化性能。本发明通过配制特定的丁基压敏自粘胶层，按隔离层、丁基压敏自粘胶层、胎基层、丁基压敏自粘胶层、隔离层的结构制备出的自粘防水卷材具有优异的电磁屏蔽功能，优异的防水性能和耐老化性能，且无需热熔施工，无“沥青烟”产生，不会对人体和环境造成危害。
在其中一个实施例中，所述纳米导电填料为表面镀有0.2-0.5um厚的铜、镍、铬镀层的纳米碳酸钙或纳米级高岭土。所述纳米导电填料为纳米导电复合填料，是以化学镀处理的非金属粉末。
在其中一个实施例中，所述的纳米活化剂为纳米级氧化锌。
在其中一个实施例中，所述丁基橡胶为普通丁基橡胶、氯化丁基橡胶或溴化丁基橡胶中的一种或多种。
在其中一个实施例中，所述增粘剂为石油树脂、萜烯树脂或松香树脂的一种或多种。
在其中一个实施例中，所述增塑剂为环烷油、石蜡油、聚异丁烯的一种或多种组合。
在其中一个实施例中，所述补强剂为炭黑和/或白炭黑。补强剂能够保证自粘胶料足够的内聚强度。
在其中一个实施例中，所述化学偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂、铝酸酯偶联剂或钛酸酯偶联剂中的一种或多种。
在其中一个实施例中，所述的抗氧剂为酚类、亚磷酸类、胺类或苯并三唑类的一种或多种组合。
在其中一个实施例中，所述的光稳定剂为邻羟基二苯甲酮类、水杨酸酯类、三嗪类、取代丙烯腈类的一种或多种。
在其中一个实施例中，所述胎基层为铜胎基，厚度0.1-1mm。
在其中一个实施例中，所述的隔离层为涂有硅油的聚乙烯膜或聚酯膜。
所述的具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)丁基压敏自粘胶制备：1)将丁基橡胶、增粘剂、化学偶联剂、抗氧剂、纳米导电填料和光稳定剂投入真空捏合机中，先进行升温，再进行第一次搅拌，抽真空，搅拌温度为100-180℃，真空条件为0.09～0.094MPa，搅拌时间为0.5-1h，得到混合物A；2)向步骤1)中得到的混合物A中加入增塑剂、纳米活化剂和补强剂，抽真空，进行第二次搅拌，搅拌温度为100-180℃，真空条件为0.09～0.094MPa，搅拌时间为0.5-1h，得到丁基压敏自粘胶，切块备用；
(2)准备隔离层、涂布：将胎基层展开，在胎基上方涂布一层丁基压敏自粘胶，厚度为0.5-1mm，覆隔离膜；将胎基层翻过来，同样涂布一层厚度为0.5-1mm丁基压敏自粘胶，覆隔离膜；
(3)制得成品：经冷却、定型，收卷后制得具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材。
本发明的有益效果在于：(1)本发明的自粘防水卷材具有优异的电磁屏蔽功能，对不同频率的波强均有较好的屏蔽；(2)本发明的自粘防水卷材具有优异的耐老化性能，耐长期热老化及紫外老化处理；(3)本发明的自粘防水卷材防水性能优异，低温可达-40℃，与混凝土形成刚-柔防水体系，防水效果更为明显；(4)本发明的自粘防水卷材有优异的蠕变性及粘接性，与金属、混凝土等基面达到“皮肤式”满粘效果，杜绝窜水现象出现。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合具体实施方式，对本发明进行进一步的详细说明。应当理解的是，本领域技术人员可以借鉴本文内容，适当改进工艺参数实现。特别需要指出的是，所有类似的替换和改动对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的，它们都被视为包括在本发明当中。本发明的方法及应用已经通过较佳实施例进行了描述，相关人员明显能在不脱离本发明内容、精神和范围内对本文所述的方法和应用进行改动或适当变更与组合，来实现和应用本发明技术。
以下实施例所用的原料如下：
纳米导电填料：为纳米导电复合填料，是以化学镀处理，表面镀有0.2-0.5um厚的铜、镍、铬镀层的纳米碳酸钙或纳米级高岭土。
纳米活化剂：纳米级氧化锌，美国克顿化学。
其他未特别说明的原料均为普通市售产品。
实施例1
一种具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材，其制备过程如下：
(1)丁基压敏自粘胶制备
1)将重量份数为10份的丁基橡胶、5份C5石油树脂、0.5份的化学偶联剂、1份抗氧剂、1份光稳定剂和10份的纳米导电填料投入真空捏合机中，先进行升温，再进行第一次搅拌，抽真空，搅拌温度为100℃，真空条件为0.09～0.094MPa，搅拌时间为0.5h，得到混合物A；
2)向步骤1)中得到的混合物A中依次加入重量份数为10份的增塑剂、1份纳米级氧化锌和重量份数为10份的补强剂，抽真空，进行第二次搅拌，搅拌温度为100℃，真空条件为0.09～0.094MPa，搅拌时间为0.5h，得到丁基压敏自粘胶,切块备用；
具体地，本实施例中，丁基橡胶为普通丁基橡胶，增粘剂为石油树脂，增塑剂为石蜡油，补强剂为炭黑，化学偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂，抗氧化剂为抗氧剂1010和抗氧化剂168的混合物，所述光稳定剂为2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮；所述纳米导电填料为表面镀有0.3um厚的铜层的纳米碳酸钙。
(2)准备隔离层、涂布
将胎基层展开，在胎基上方涂布一层丁基压敏自粘胶，厚度为0.5mm，覆隔离膜；将胎基层翻过来，同样涂布一层厚度为0.5mm丁基压敏自粘胶，覆隔离膜。
(3)制得成品
经冷却、定型，收卷后制得具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材。
实施例2
一种具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材，其制备过程如下：
(1)丁基压敏自粘胶制备
1)将重量份数为20份的丁基橡胶、30份增粘剂、1份的化学偶联剂、5份抗氧剂、1份光稳定剂和30份的纳米导电填料投入真空捏合机中，先进行升温，再进行第一次搅拌，抽真空，搅拌温度为140℃，真空条件为0.09～0.094MPa，搅拌时间为0.8h，得到混合物A；
2)向步骤1)中得到的混合物A中依次加入重量份数为30份的增塑剂、3份纳米级氧化锌和重量份数为30份的补强剂，抽真空，进行第二次搅拌，搅拌温度为140℃，真空条件为0.09～0.094MPa，搅拌时间为0.8h，得到丁基压敏自粘胶，切块备用；
具体地，本实施例中，丁基橡胶为氯化丁基橡胶，增粘剂为萜烯树脂，增塑剂为环烷油，补强剂为炭黑，化学偶联剂为钛酸酯偶联剂，抗氧化剂为抗氧剂1010和抗氧化剂168的混合物，所述光稳定剂为水杨酸苯酯；所述纳米导电填料为表面镀有0.5um厚的镍层的纳米碳酸钙。
(2)准备隔离层、涂布
将胎基层展开，在胎基上方涂布一层丁基压敏自粘胶，厚度为0.8mm，覆隔离膜；将胎基层翻过来，同样涂布一层厚度为0.8mm丁基压敏自粘胶，覆隔离膜。
(3)制得成品
经冷却、定型，收卷后制得具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材。
实施例3
一种具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材，其制备过程如下：
(1)丁基压敏自粘胶制备
1)将重量份数为30份的丁基橡胶、40份增粘剂、3份的化学偶联剂、5份抗氧剂、3份光稳定剂和35份的纳米导电填料投入真空捏合机中，先进行升温，再进行第一次搅拌，抽真空，搅拌温度为180℃，真空条件为0.09～0.094MPa，搅拌时间为1h，得到混合物A；
2)向步骤1)中得到的混合物A中依次加入重量份数为50份的增塑剂、5份纳米级氧化锌和重量份数为50份的补强剂，抽真空，进行第二次搅拌，搅拌温度为180℃，真空条件为0.09～0.094MPa，搅拌时间为1h，出料、得到丁基压敏自粘胶,切块备用；
具体地，本实施例中，丁基橡胶为氯化丁基橡胶，增粘剂为松香树脂，增塑剂为环烷油，补强剂为白炭黑，化学偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂，抗氧化剂为抗氧剂1010和抗氧化剂168的混合物，所述光稳定剂为水杨酸苯酯；所述纳米导电填料为表面镀有0.2um厚的铬层的纳米级高岭土。
(2)准备隔离层、涂布
将胎基层展开，在胎基上方涂布一层丁基压敏自粘胶，厚度为1mm，覆隔离膜；将胎基层翻过来，同样涂布一层厚度为1mm丁基压敏自粘胶，覆隔离膜。
(3)制得成品
经冷却、定型，收卷后制得具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材。
实施例4
一种具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材，其制备过程如下：
(1)丁基压敏自粘胶制备
1)将重量份数为5份的丁基橡胶、15份增粘剂、5份的化学偶联剂、3份抗氧剂、5份光稳定剂和40份的纳米导电填料投入真空捏合机中，先进行升温，再进行第一次搅拌，抽真空，搅拌温度为100℃，真空条件为0.09～0.094MPa，搅拌时间为0.5h，得到混合物A；
2)向步骤1)中得到的混合物A中依次加入重量份数为60份的增塑剂、10份纳米级氧化锌和重量份数为25份的补强剂，抽真空，进行第二次搅拌，搅拌温度为100℃，真空条件为0.09～0.094MPa，搅拌时间为0.5h，得到丁基压敏自粘胶,切块备用；
具体地，本实施例中，丁基橡胶为普通丁基橡胶，增粘剂为松香树脂，增塑剂为环烷油，补强剂为白炭黑，化学偶联剂为铝酸酯偶联剂，抗氧化剂为抗氧剂1010和抗氧化剂168的混合物，所述光稳定剂为2-(2’-羟基-5’-甲基苯基)苯并三唑；所述纳米导电填料为表面镀有0.3um厚的铬层的纳米碳酸钙。
(2)准备隔离层、涂布
将胎基层展开，在胎基上方涂布一层丁基压敏自粘胶，厚度为0.5mm，覆隔离膜；将胎基层翻过来，同样涂布一层厚度为0.5mm丁基压敏自粘胶，覆隔离膜。
(3)制得成品
经冷却、定型，收卷后制得具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材。
对比例1
一种自粘防水卷材，其制备过程与实施例1基本相同，区别在于，本对比例1未使用纳米导电填料、纳米活化剂和化学偶联剂。
对比例2
一种自粘防水卷材，其制备过程与实施例1基本相同，区别在于，本对比例2未使用纳米活化剂和化学偶联剂。
现将实施例1、2、3、4制备得到的自粘防水卷材按GB/T 23457-2009《预铺、湿铺防水卷材》和GB/T 23260-2009《带自粘层的防水卷材》测试相关理化指标，具体测试结果见表1。
表1自粘防水卷材理化指标
表1数据显示，本发明提供的制备方法制备的自粘防水卷材，具有高剥离强度，低温性能、耐老化性能优异，抗紫外能力强等特点，这是沥青类卷材不具备的性能；其次与卷材、铝板、混凝土形成高剥离强度防水，达到“皮肤式”满粘防水效果；本发明的自粘防水卷材不透水性测试时间加长，具有优异的防水性能。
本发明参照美国MIL-85328B标准对实施例1-4、对比例1、2制备的防水卷材进行电磁屏蔽性能的测试。
本发明防水卷材的电磁屏蔽性能测试结果见表2。电磁屏蔽性能测试采用微波波导同轴传输线法来测定屏蔽效能(SET)，测量线是3cm波导测量线，工作频率范围在8.0GHz～13.2GHz，检波晶体已经测不出透过的微波，电磁波被完全屏蔽掉，说明屏蔽效果很好。
表2防水卷材的电磁屏蔽效能测试
| 屏蔽效能，dB | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 | 对比例1 | 对比例2 |
| 20kHz | 90.3 | 90.5 | 91.8 | 92.2 | 80.5 | 84.2 |
| 100MHz | 90.8 | 92.1 | 94.8 | 95.9 | 82.1 | 84.6 |
| 500MHz | 91.4 | 93.1 | 95.9 | 96.8 | 81.1 | 87.4 |
| 2GHz | 90.4 | 91.1 | 94.5 | 95.9 | 82.5 | 85.5 |
| 10GHz | 90.2 | 93.7 | 95.7 | 96.5 | 81.7 | 82.2 |
| 12GHz | 90.1 | 91.8 | 93.8 | 95.7 | 76.2 | 79.3 |
由表2数据可知，本发明的自粘防水卷材对20kHz波强的屏蔽效能为90.3～92.2dB；对100MHz波强的屏蔽效能为90.8～95.9dB；对500MHz波强的屏蔽效能为91.4～96.8dB；对2GHz波强的屏蔽效能为90.4～95.9dB；对10GHz波强的屏蔽效能为90.2～96.5dB；对12GHz波强的屏蔽效能为90.1～95.7dB。
由表2对比例数据可知，对比例1与实施例1相比未加入纳米导电填料、纳米活化剂和化学偶联剂，地磁屏蔽效能低于实施例1，说明加入纳米导电填料、纳米活化剂和化学偶联剂的实施例1电磁屏蔽效果更加明显；对比例2与实施例1相比未加入纳米活化剂和化学偶联剂，屏蔽效能略低于实施例1。相比对比例1增加纳米导电填料，电磁屏蔽效能高于对比例1，故电磁屏蔽能力介于实施例1和对比例1之间。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
Claims (10)
1.一种具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材，其特征在于，所述自粘防水卷材包括依次层叠的隔离层、丁基压敏自粘胶层、胎基层、丁基压敏自粘胶层、隔离层，所述丁基压敏自粘胶层包括以下按重量份计算的组分：
丁基橡胶 5-30份；
增粘剂 5-40份；
增塑剂 10-60份；
纳米导电填料 10-40份；
补强剂 10-50份；
纳米活化剂 1-10份；
化学偶联剂 0.5-5份；
抗氧剂 1-5份；
光稳定剂 1-5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材，其特征在于，所述纳米导电填料为表面镀有0.2-0.5um厚的铜、镍、铬镀层的纳米碳酸钙或纳米级高岭土。
3.根据权利要求1所述的具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材，其特征在于，所述的纳米级活化剂为纳米级氧化锌。
4.根据权利要求1所述的具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材，其特征在于，所述丁基橡胶为普通丁基橡胶、氯化丁基橡胶或溴化丁基橡胶中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材，其特征在于，所述增粘剂为石油树脂、萜烯树脂或松香树脂的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材，其特征在于，所述增塑剂为环烷油、石蜡油、聚异丁烯的一种或多种组合。
7.根据权利要求1所述的具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材，其特征在于，所述补强剂为炭黑和/或白炭黑。
8.根据权利要求1所述的具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材，其特征在于，所述胎基层为铜胎基，厚度0.1-1mm。
9.根据权利要求1所述的具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材，其特征在于，所述的隔离层为涂有硅油的聚乙烯膜或聚酯膜。
10.权利要求1-9任一权利要求所述的具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
（1）丁基压敏自粘胶制备：1）将丁基橡胶、增粘剂、化学偶联剂、抗氧剂、纳米导电填料和光稳定剂投入真空捏合机中，先进行升温，再进行第一次搅拌，抽真空，搅拌温度为100-180℃，真空条件为0.09～0.094MPa，搅拌时间为0.5-1h，得到混合物A；2）向步骤1）中得到的混合物A中加入增塑剂、纳米活化剂和补强剂，抽真空，进行第二次搅拌，搅拌温度为100-180℃，真空条件为0.09～0.094MPa，搅拌时间为0.5-1h，得到丁基压敏自粘胶，切块备用；
（2）准备隔离层、涂布：将胎基层展开，在胎基上方涂布一层丁基压敏自粘胶，厚度为0.5-1mm，覆隔离膜；将胎基层翻过来，同样涂布一层厚度为0.5-1mm丁基压敏自粘胶，覆隔离膜；
（3）制得成品：经冷却、定型，收卷后制得具有电磁屏蔽功能的自粘防水卷材。
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