CN108718963A - A kind of paddy rice planting method of control Weedy Rice - Google Patents

A kind of paddy rice planting method of control Weedy Rice Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108718963A
CN108718963A CN201810384914.0A CN201810384914A CN108718963A CN 108718963 A CN108718963 A CN 108718963A CN 201810384914 A CN201810384914 A CN 201810384914A CN 108718963 A CN108718963 A CN 108718963A
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rice
seedling
machine transplanting
weedy
field
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朱德峰
徐成
徐一成
陈惠哲
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China National Rice Research Institute
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China National Rice Research Institute
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20Cereals
    • A01G22/22Rice

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of paddy rice planting methods of control Weedy Rice, include the following steps:The cultivated site preparation of 2-3 weeks machinery before plantation, field arranges, the machine transplanting of rice before basal dressing consistent with conventional machine transplanting of rice field, and carries out weeding processing;Using the clever Medicament soaked seed of seed soaking and vernalization processing, and use seedling-cultivation plate;Seedling disk, which is placed in greenhouse, carries out disc stack emergence seedling, in due course water management, diseases prevention insect prevention;The seedling tep reel machine transplanting of rice from when rice reaches the length of time rice seedlings grow;In the tiller middle and later periods, using manually pulling out;At heading stage, using manually pulling out or cut off;Weeds are removed totally before rice enters the phase of blossoming and bearing fruit;Field management is carried out using conventional method.The present invention can effectively solve the problem that surviving and breeding for weeds rice, and realize that Direct-seeding Rice reduces production cost, and solve the Weedy Rice harm that Direct-seeding Rice is brought, this is the agronomy control method of Weedy Rice green ecological, and realizes the sustainable production of rice.

Description

A kind of paddy rice planting method of control Weedy Rice
Technical field
The invention belongs to rice cultivating technique fields, specifically, being related to a kind of paddy rice planting method of control Weedy Rice.
Background technology
Rice is China's staple food crop, and China has 60% or more population using rice as staple food.Rice total output improves Also improve the living standard of our people.The Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area in China is wide, planting season is various.The planting patterns of rice from Great change has occurred since the seventies in last century.Socio-economic development and country labor force transfer, Rice Cropping is from transplanting rice seedling by hand Transplanting, live streaming transition to dart transfer.In recent years, various regions are under the support and promotion of policy, and rice planting technology area is Through accounting for critical role.However, rice mechanized transplant content is high, need seedling and the machine transplanting of rice, relative cost higher.In recent years, due to water Rice productivity effect is not high, and main rice belt rice farmer is cost-effective using direct sowing of rice.However, after live streaming in several years, mostly There is Weedy Rice in varying degrees in rice field, and some has been caused disaster, and the more serious underproduction is caused to rice farmer, and rice quality declines, Rice Production benefit is caused to decline to a great extent.
Weedy Rice is also named red rice because its grain of rice is mostly red rice.Weedy Rice occurs in direct sowing rice field mostly, and China is close The rice field of Nian Yinyou is broadcast live year after year to happen occasionally.4-5 is continuously broadcast live in general rice, it is possible to Weedy Rice occurs.Weedy Rice Identical as rice type, common herbicides for use in paddy cannot be by it except extremely, control difficulty is big, and increases year by year.
Invention content
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of paddy rice planting methods of control Weedy Rice.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention discloses a kind of paddy rice planting methods of control Weedy Rice, including with Lower step:
Step 1, site preparation and fertilising:The cultivated site preparation of 2-3 weeks machinery before plantation, field arrange, machine consistent with conventional machine transplanting of rice field Basal dressing before inserting, and carry out weeding processing;
Step 2, vernalization and sowing:Using the clever Medicament soaked seed of seed soaking and vernalization processing, and use seedling-cultivation plate;
Step 3, seedling:Seedling disk, which is placed in greenhouse, carries out disc stack emergence seedling, in due course water management, diseases prevention insect prevention;
Step 4, the machine transplanting of rice:The seedling tep reel machine transplanting of rice from when rice reaches the length of time rice seedlings grow;
Step 5, in the tiller middle and later periods, using manually pulling out;At heading stage, using manually pulling out or cut off;In rice Weeds are removed totally before into the phase of blossoming and bearing fruit;
Step 6, field management:Field management is carried out using conventional method.
Optionally, the weeding in step 1 is specially:1-3 centimetres of field moistening or water layer are kept, Weedy Rice and weeds are promoted Germination;4-5 days before Rice Cropping, Weedy Rice and weeds are killed using steriland herbicide, using steriland herbicide Field needs to drain, the machine transplanting of rice after pouring water;If killing Weedy Rice and weeds, the 2- before Rice Cropping using mechanical rotary tillage method Farming in 3 days.
Optionally, the seed soaking time in step 2 is 45-50h;Germination temperature is 32-38 DEG C, germination time 20-28h.
Optionally, the size of the seedling disk in step 2 is 9 cun, and each seedling disk sows 60~70 grams of seeds of hybrid paddy rice, conventional Rice 100~120 grams of seeds.
Optionally, 25~30 days south early rice length of time rice seedlings grow, the single harvest rice and the late rice length of time rice seedlings grow 20-25 when machine transplanting of rice in the step 4 It, the 30-35 days northern length of time rice seedlings grow, machine transplanting of rice density mu inserts hybrid paddy rice 1.0-1.4 ten thousand clumps, conventional Rice 1.5-2.0 ten thousand clumps.
Optionally, same rice field uses machine using direct sowing of rice and machine transplanting of rice rotation, 3 years using live streaming, later 2-3 It inserts.
Compared with prior art, the present invention can be obtained including following technique effect:
1) present invention uses rice planting technology mode, can effectively control hybrid paddy rice.Direct-seeding planting is such as used, is hybridized in order to control Rice, after direct sowing of rice 2-3, wheel is changed to rice mechanical transplanting, effectively solves surviving and breeding for weeds rice, and realizes straight Broadcasting rice reduces production cost, and solves the Weedy Rice harm that Direct-seeding Rice is brought, this is the agronomy controlling party of Weedy Rice green ecological Method, and realize the sustainable production of rice.
2) whole field of first pouring water can be used under paddy growth season admissible condition in the present invention, keeps field 1-3 cm of water Layer, after Weedy Rice germination and emergence, is killed Weedy Rice using mechanical rotary tillage or steriland herbicide.Big portion can be killed in this way Divide Weedy Rice.
3) present invention is in the serious field of Weedy Rice, and the autumn fields after rice harves not ploughed deeply, and controlling weeds rice is turned over Enter deep soil, difficulty is brought to later Weedy Rice control.
Certainly, it implements any of the products of the present invention it is not absolutely required to while reaching all the above technique effect.
Specific implementation mode
Carry out the embodiment that the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, thereby to the present invention how application technology hand Section solves technical problem and reaches the realization process of technical effect to fully understand and implement.
The invention discloses a kind of paddy rice planting methods of control Weedy Rice, include the following steps:
Step 1, site preparation and fertilising:The cultivated site preparation of 2-3 weeks machinery before plantation, field arrange, machine consistent with conventional machine transplanting of rice field Basal dressing before inserting;1-3 centimetres of field moistening or water layer are kept, Weedy Rice and weeds germination are promoted;4-5 days before Rice Cropping, Weedy Rice and weeds are killed using steriland herbicide, need to drain using the field of steriland herbicide, the machine after pouring water It inserts;If killing Weedy Rice and weeds, the farming in 2-3 days before Rice Cropping using mechanical rotary tillage method.
Step 2, vernalization and sowing:Using Medicament soaked seeds 45-50h, 32-38 DEG C of vernalization 20-28h such as seed soaking spirits.Using seedling Plate seedling raising, each seedling disk (9 cun of seedling disks) is by gulch sowing 60-70 grams (hybrid paddy rice), 100-120 grams (conventional Rice);
Step 3, seedling:Seedling disk, which is placed in greenhouse, carries out seedling, in due course water management, diseases prevention insect prevention;
Step 4, the machine transplanting of rice:The seedling tep reel machine transplanting of rice from when rice reaches the length of time rice seedlings grow;The south early rice length of time rice seedlings grow 25~30 days, single cropping when the machine transplanting of rice Rice and the 20-25 days late rice length of time rice seedlings grow, the 30-35 days northern length of time rice seedlings grow, machine transplanting of rice density mu insert hybrid paddy rice 1.0-1.4 ten thousand clumps, conventional Rice 1.5- 2.0 ten thousand clumps;
Step 5, in the tiller middle and later periods, using manually pulling out;At heading stage, using manually pulling out or cut off;In rice Weeds are removed totally before into the phase of blossoming and bearing fruit;Weeds will enter to blossom and bear fruit in rice remove before the phase, not so, Weedy Rice at The ripe phase is early, and is easy to fall seed.Weedy Rice tillering ability is strong, and seed amount is more, carrys out annual meeting and a large amount of Weedy Rices occur.
Step 6, field management:Field management is carried out using conventional method.
Wherein, same rice field uses the machine transplanting of rice using direct sowing of rice and machine transplanting of rice rotation, 3 years using live streaming, later 2-3.
The effect that Different Ways of Planting Rice cropping systems and planting patterns control Weedy Rice is shown in Table 1.
The effect that 1 Rice cropping systems of table and planting patterns control Weedy Rice
Planting system Rice Cropping mode Weedy Rice ratio (%)
The single harvest rice Live streaming 11.4
Rice wheat rotation Live streaming 7.1
The single harvest rice Live streaming+the machine transplanting of rice 0.6
The single harvest rice The machine transplanting of rice 0.0
Embodiment 1
Step 1, site preparation and fertilising:The cultivated site preparation of first 2.5 weeks machinery of plantation, field arrange, machine consistent with conventional machine transplanting of rice field Basal dressing before inserting.2 centimetres of field moistening or water layer are kept, Weedy Rice and weeds germination are promoted;4 days before Rice Cropping, utilize Steriland herbicide kills Weedy Rice and weeds, needs to drain using the field of steriland herbicide, the machine transplanting of rice after pouring water;Such as Fruit kills Weedy Rice and weeds, the farming in 3 days before Rice Cropping using mechanical rotary tillage method.
Step 2, vernalization and sowing:Using Medicament soaked seeds 48h such as seed soaking spirits, 35 DEG C of vernalization are for 24 hours.Using matrix seedling, often A seedling disk (9 cun of seedling disks) is by gulch sowing 65 grams (hybrid paddy rices), 105 grams (conventional Rices);
Step 3, seedling:Seedling disk, which is placed in greenhouse, carries out seedling, in due course water management, diseases prevention insect prevention;
Step 4, the machine transplanting of rice:28 days south early rice length of time rice seedlings grow, the single harvest rice and 22 days late rice length of time rice seedlings grow, at 32 days northern length of time rice seedlings grow, the machine transplanting of rice is close It spends mu and inserts hybrid paddy rice 1.2 ten thousand clumps, conventional Rice 1.8 ten thousand clumps.
Step 5, in the tiller middle and later periods, using manually pulling out;At heading stage, using manually pulling out or cut off;In rice Weeds are removed totally before into the phase of blossoming and bearing fruit.
Step 6, field management:Field management is carried out using conventional method.
Embodiment 2
A kind of paddy rice planting method of control Weedy Rice, includes the following steps:
Step 1, site preparation and fertilising:The cultivated site preparation of first 2 weeks machinery of plantation, field arrange, the machine transplanting of rice consistent with conventional machine transplanting of rice field Preceding basal dressing;1 centimetre of field moistening or water layer are kept, Weedy Rice and weeds germination are promoted;5 days before Rice Cropping, using going out Weedy Rice and weeds are killed in nature herbiciding agent, need to drain using the field of steriland herbicide, the machine transplanting of rice after pouring water;If Weedy Rice and weeds, the farming in 2 days before Rice Cropping are killed using mechanical rotary tillage method.
Step 2, vernalization and sowing:Using Medicament soaked seeds 45h, 38 DEG C of vernalization 20h such as seed soaking spirits.Using seedling-cultivation plate, often A seedling disk (9 cun of seedling disks) is by gulch sowing 70 grams (hybrid paddy rices), 100 grams (conventional Rices);
Step 3, seedling:Seedling disk, which is placed in greenhouse, carries out seedling, in due course water management, diseases prevention insect prevention;
Step 4, the machine transplanting of rice:The seedling tep reel machine transplanting of rice from when rice reaches the length of time rice seedlings grow;The south early rice length of time rice seedlings grow 25 days when the machine transplanting of rice, the single harvest rice and 25 days late rice length of time rice seedlings grow, 30 days northern length of time rice seedlings grow, machine transplanting of rice density mu insert hybrid paddy rice 1.4 ten thousand clumps, conventional Rice 1.5 ten thousand clumps;
Step 5, in the tiller middle and later periods, using manually pulling out;At heading stage, using manually pulling out or cut off;In rice Weeds are removed totally before into the phase of blossoming and bearing fruit;Weeds will enter to blossom and bear fruit in rice remove before the phase, not so, Weedy Rice at The ripe phase is early, and is easy to fall seed.Weedy Rice tillering ability is strong, and seed amount is more, carrys out annual meeting and a large amount of Weedy Rices occur.
Step 6, field management:Field management is carried out using conventional method.
Embodiment 3
A kind of paddy rice planting method of control Weedy Rice, includes the following steps:
Step 1, site preparation and fertilising:The cultivated site preparation of first 3 weeks machinery of plantation, field arrange, the machine transplanting of rice consistent with conventional machine transplanting of rice field Preceding basal dressing;3 centimetres of field moistening or water layer are kept, Weedy Rice and weeds germination are promoted;4 days before Rice Cropping, using going out Weedy Rice and weeds are killed in nature herbiciding agent, need to drain using the field of steriland herbicide, the machine transplanting of rice after pouring water;If Weedy Rice and weeds, the farming in 3 days before Rice Cropping are killed using mechanical rotary tillage method.
Step 2, vernalization and sowing:Using Medicament soaked seeds 50h, 32 DEG C of vernalization 28h such as seed soaking spirits.Using seedling-cultivation plate, often A seedling disk (9 cun of seedling disks) is by gulch sowing 60 grams (hybrid paddy rices), 120 grams (conventional Rices);
Step 3, seedling:Seedling disk, which is placed in greenhouse, carries out seedling, in due course water management, diseases prevention insect prevention;
Step 4, the machine transplanting of rice:The seedling tep reel machine transplanting of rice from when rice reaches the length of time rice seedlings grow;The south early rice length of time rice seedlings grow 30 days when the machine transplanting of rice, the single harvest rice and 20 days late rice length of time rice seedlings grow, 35 days northern length of time rice seedlings grow, machine transplanting of rice density mu insert hybrid paddy rice 1.0 ten thousand clumps, conventional Rice 2.0 ten thousand clumps;
Step 5, in the tiller middle and later periods, using manually pulling out;At heading stage, using manually pulling out or cut off;In rice Weeds are removed totally before into the phase of blossoming and bearing fruit;Weeds will enter to blossom and bear fruit in rice remove before the phase, not so, Weedy Rice at The ripe phase is early, and is easy to fall seed.Weedy Rice tillering ability is strong, and seed amount is more, carrys out annual meeting and a large amount of Weedy Rices occur.
Step 6, field management:Field management is carried out using conventional method.
Comparative example 1
Step 1, site preparation and fertilising:The cultivated site preparation of first 2.5 weeks machinery of plantation, field arrange, machine consistent with conventional machine transplanting of rice field Basal dressing before inserting.2 centimetres of field moistening or water layer are kept, Weedy Rice and weeds germination are promoted;4 days before Rice Cropping, utilize Steriland herbicide kills Weedy Rice and weeds, needs to drain using the field of steriland herbicide, the machine transplanting of rice after pouring water;Such as Fruit kills Weedy Rice and weeds, the farming in 3 days before Rice Cropping using mechanical rotary tillage method.
Step 2, vernalization and sowing:Using Medicament soaked seeds 48h such as seed soaking spirits, 35 DEG C of vernalization are for 24 hours.Using matrix seedling, often A seedling disk (9 cun of seedling disks) is by gulch sowing 65 grams (hybrid paddy rices), 105 grams (conventional Rices);
Step 3, seedling:Seedling disk, which is placed in greenhouse, carries out seedling, in due course water management, diseases prevention insect prevention;
Step 4, straight cutting:28 days south early rice length of time rice seedlings grow, the single harvest rice and 22 days late rice length of time rice seedlings grow, at 32 days northern length of time rice seedlings grow, the machine transplanting of rice is close It spends mu and inserts hybrid paddy rice 1.2 ten thousand clumps, conventional Rice 1.8 ten thousand clumps.
Step 5, field management:Field management is carried out using conventional method.
The effect of 2 rice direct seeding field Weedy Rice control method of table
Weedy Rice control method Weedy Rice ratio (%)
Comparative example 1 15.5
Embodiment 1 2.0
Embodiment 2 2.2
Embodiment 3 2.4
Above description has shown and described several preferred embodiments of invention, but as previously described, it should be understood that invention is not It is confined to form disclosed herein, is not to be taken as excluding other embodiments, and can be used for various other combinations, modification And environment, and can be carried out by the above teachings or related fields of technology or knowledge in the scope of the invention is set forth herein Change.And changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art do not depart from the spirit and scope of invention, then should all be weighed appended by invention In the protection domain that profit requires.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of paddy rice planting method of control Weedy Rice, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
Step 1, site preparation and fertilising:The cultivated site preparation of 2-3 weeks machinery before plantation, field arrangement is consistent with conventional machine transplanting of rice field, before the machine transplanting of rice Basal dressing, and carry out weeding processing;
Step 2, vernalization and sowing:Using the clever Medicament soaked seed of seed soaking and vernalization processing, and use seedling-cultivation plate;
Step 3, seedling:Seedling disk, which is placed in greenhouse, carries out disc stack emergence seedling, in due course water management, diseases prevention insect prevention;
Step 4, the machine transplanting of rice:The seedling tep reel machine transplanting of rice from when rice reaches the length of time rice seedlings grow;
Step 5, in the tiller middle and later periods, using manually pulling out;At heading stage, using manually pulling out or cut off;Enter in rice Blossoming and bearing fruit before the phase, it is clean to remove weeds;
Step 6, field management:Field management is carried out using conventional method.
2. paddy rice planting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the weeding in step 1 is specially:Keep field 1-3 centimetres of moistening or water layer promote Weedy Rice and weeds germination;It, will be miscellaneous using steriland herbicide 4-5 days before Rice Cropping Careless rice and weeds kill, and need to drain using the field of steriland herbicide, the machine transplanting of rice after pouring water;If using mechanical rotary tillage side Method kills Weedy Rice and weeds, the farming in 2-3 days before Rice Cropping.
3. paddy rice planting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the seed soaking time in step 2 is 45-50h;It urges Bud temperature is 32-38 DEG C, germination time 20-28h.
4. paddy rice planting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the size of the seedling disk in step 2 is 9 cun, often A seedling disk sows 60~70 grams of seeds of hybrid paddy rice, 100~120 grams of seeds of conventional Rice.
5. paddy rice planting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the south early rice when machine transplanting of rice in the step 4 25~30 days length of time rice seedlings grow, the single harvest rice and the 20-25 days late rice length of time rice seedlings grow, the 30-35 days northern length of time rice seedlings grow, machine transplanting of rice density mu insert hybrid paddy rice 1.0- 1.4 ten thousand clumps, conventional Rice 1.5-2.0 ten thousand clumps.
6. paddy rice planting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that same rice field uses direct sowing of rice and the machine transplanting of rice Rotation uses the machine transplanting of rice in 3 years using live streaming, later 2-3.
CN201810384914.0A 2018-04-26 2018-04-26 A kind of paddy rice planting method of control Weedy Rice Pending CN108718963A (en)

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CN106171696A (en) * 2016-06-30 2016-12-07 全椒县西王镇发全家庭农场 A kind of used in plastic tent for paddy temperature control method for culturing seedlings
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