CN108653526B - 中医治疗重症肌无力的药方 - Google Patents
中医治疗重症肌无力的药方 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108653526B CN108653526B CN201810769810.1A CN201810769810A CN108653526B CN 108653526 B CN108653526 B CN 108653526B CN 201810769810 A CN201810769810 A CN 201810769810A CN 108653526 B CN108653526 B CN 108653526B
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗重症肌无力的中药组合物,该中药组合物由以下重量份的原料药制备而成:黄芪10‑100份、党参10‑30份、白术10‑24份、柴胡5‑10份、升麻5‑10份、当归5‑10份、甘草3‑6份、陈皮3‑6份、枸杞5‑10份、山萸肉9‑12份、桑葚5‑12份、山药5‑20份、酸枣仁15‑30份、柏子仁6‑15份、熟地10‑15份、生地10‑15份、丹参6‑24份、五味子15份、女贞子6‑12份。本发明通过各中药原料的合理配比,并利用各组分间的协同作用,使其具有良好的治疗重症肌无力的功效。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中医治疗领域,涉及一种治疗重症肌无力的中药组合物。
背景技术
重症肌无力(MG)是一种由神经-肌肉接头处传递功能障碍所引起的自身免疫性疾病,临床主要表现为部分或全身骨骼肌无力和易疲劳,活动后症状加重,经休息后症状减轻。患病率为77~150/100万,年发病率为4~11/100万。女性患病率大于男性,约3:2,各年龄段均有发病,儿童1~5岁居多。
重症肌无力的发病原因分两大类,一类是先天遗传性,极少见,与自身免疫无关;第二类是自身免疫性疾病,最常见。发病原因尚不明确,普遍认为与感染、药物、环境因素有关。同时重症肌无力患者中有65%~80%有胸腺增生,10%~20%伴发胸腺瘤。
重症肌无力发病初期患者往往感到眼或肢体酸胀不适,或视物模糊,容易疲劳,天气炎热或月经来潮时疲乏加重。随着病情发展,骨骼肌明显疲乏无力,显著特点是肌无力于下午或傍晚劳累后加重,晨起或休息后减轻,此种现象称之为“晨轻暮重”。
诊断:(1)据受累肌群的乏力表现为晨轻,下午或傍晚加重,休息后可恢复的特点,神经系统检查无异常发现者,一般可做出诊断。(2)对可疑患者可做疲劳试验,亦可肌内注射新斯的明0.5~1.0mg,观察30min至1h,肌力有进步者可确定诊断。(3)心脏受累的表现。
治疗:(1)胆碱酯酶抑制剂是对症治疗的药物,治标不治本,不能单药长期应用,用药方法应从小剂量渐增。常用的有甲基硫酸新斯的明、溴吡斯的明。(2)免疫抑制常用的免疫抑制剂为:①肾上腺皮质类固醇激素:强的松、甲基强的松龙等;②硫唑嘌呤;③环抱素A;④环磷酸胺;⑤他克莫司。(3)血浆置换通过将患者血液中乙酰胆碱受体抗体去除的方式,暂时缓解重症肌无力患者的症状,如不辅助其他治疗方式,疗效不超过2个月。(4)静脉注射免疫球蛋白人类免疫球蛋白中含有多种抗体,可以中和自身抗体、调节免疫功能。其效果与血浆置换相当。(5)中医药治疗重症肌无力的中医治疗越来越受到重视。重症肌无力属“痿症”范畴。根据中医理论,在治疗上加用中医中药,可以减少免疫抑制剂带来的副作用,在重症肌无力的治疗上起着保驾护航的作用,而且能重建自身免疫功能之功效。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种治疗重症肌无力的中药组合物,所述中药组合物由以下重量份的原料药制备而成:黄芪(Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.)、党参(RADIXCODONOPSIS)、白术(Atractylodes macrocephala)、柴胡(Radix Bupleuri)、升麻(RHIZOMACIMICIFUGAE)、当归(Angelica sinensis(Oliv.)Diels.)、甘草(Glycyrriza UralensisFisch.G.Glabra L.)、陈皮(PERICARPIUM)、枸杞(Fructus Lycii)、山萸肉(Cornusofficinalis Sieb.Et Zucc.)、桑葚(Fructus mori)、山药(Dioscorea opposita)、酸枣仁(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.var.spinosa)、柏子仁(Platycladus orientalis(Linn.).)、熟地(Rehmannia glutinosa(Gaetn.)Libosch.ex Fisch.et Mey.)、生地(Rehmanniaglutinosa(Gaetn.)Libosch.ex Fisch.et)、丹参(Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae)、五味子(Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis)、女贞子(Fructus Ligustri Lucidi)。本发明通过各中药原料的合理配比,并利用各组分间的协同作用,使其具有良好的治疗重症肌无力的中药组合物。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用了如下技术方案:
根据本发明的一个方面,本发明提供了一种治疗重症肌无力的中药组合物,所述中药组合物由以下重量份的原料药制备而成:黄芪10-100份、党参10-30份、白术10-24份、柴胡5-10份、升麻5-10份、当归5-10份、甘草3-6份、陈皮3-6份、枸杞5-10份、山萸肉9-12份、桑葚5-12份、山药5-20份、酸枣仁15-30份、柏子仁6-15份、熟地10-15份、生地10-15份、丹参6-24份、五味子15份、女贞子6-12份。
优选地,所述中药组合物由以下重量份的原料药制备而成:黄芪50份、党参20份、白术15份、柴胡8份、升麻8份、当归8份、甘草5份、陈皮4份、枸杞8份、山萸肉10份、桑葚8份、山药12份、酸枣仁20份、柏子仁10份、熟地12份、生地12份、丹参15份、五味子15份、女贞子10份。
黄芪性味归经:甘,微温;归脾、肺经。功效:益卫固表,补气升阳,托毒生肌,利水消肿。主治:用于气虚乏力、食少便溏,中气下陷,久泻脱肛,自汁盗汗,血虚萎黄,阴疽漫肿,气虚水肿,内热消渴。
党参性味归经:甘,平。归脾、肺经。功效:补中益气,生津养血。主治:用于中气不足,食少便溏,咳喘气短,津伤口渴,血虚萎黄,心悸头晕。
柏子仁性味归经:甘,平。归心、肾、大肠经。功效:养心安神,润肠通便。主治:用于虚烦不眠,惊悸怔忡,肠燥便秘。
五味子性味归经:酸,温。归肺、肾、心经。功效:敛肺滋肾,生津敛汗,涩精止泻,宁心安神。主治:用于久咳虚喘,津伤口渴,自汗盗汗,肾虚遗精,脾肾虚泻,心悸失眠。
丹参性味归经:苦,微寒。归心、心包、肝经。功效:活血祛瘀,凉血消痈,养血安神。主治:用于月经不调,心腹疼痛,癥瘕积聚,风湿热痹,疮疡肿痛,烦躁不寐,心悸,失眠。
生地黄性味归经:甘、苦,寒。归心、肝、肾经。功效:清热凉血,养阴生津。主治:用于热病心烦,舌绛,血热吐衄,斑疹紫黑,热病伤阴,消渴多饮。
升麻性味归经:辛、甘,微寒。归肺、脾、大肠、胃经。功效:发表透疹、清热解毒,升举阳气。主治:用于风热头痛,麻疹不畅,齿痛口疮,咽喉肿痛,脏器下垂。
柴胡性味归经:苦、辛、微寒。归心包络、肝、胆、三焦经。功效:疏散退热,疏肝解郁,升举阳气。主治:用于感冒发热,寒热往来,胁肋胀痛,月经不调,脱肛,子宫脱垂。
甘草性味归经:甘,平。归心、脾、肺、胃经。功效:补脾益气,润肺止咳,清热解毒,缓解止痛,缓和药性。主治:用于脾胃虚弱,气短乏力,心悸怔忡,咳嗽痰少,热毒疮疡,药食中毒,脘腹急痛,四肢挛痛。
陈皮性味归经:味辛、苦,性温。归脾、胃、肺经。功效:理气和中,燥湿化痰,利水通便。主治:脾胃不和,脘腹胀痛,不思饮食,呕吐哕逆,痰湿阻肺,咳嗽痰多,胸膈满闷,头目眩晕,水肿,小便不利,大便秘结,乳痈疮癣,中鱼蟹毒、酒毒。
枸杞子性味归经:性平,味甘。入肝经、肾经、肺经(脏腑归属:归肝经、肾经、肺经中药)。功效:滋补肝肾,明目,润肺。主治:用于眩晕目暗,遗精,消渴,阴虚劳嗽。
山萸肉性味归经:味酸涩,性微温。归肝,肾经。功能:补肝肾,涩精气,固虚脱。主治:腰膝酸痛,阳"痿"遗精,小便频数,崩漏带下,肝虚寒热,大汗虚脱,内热消渴,眩晕耳鸣等。
桑椹性味归经:甘,寒。归心、肝、肾经。功效:滋阴补血,润肠,生津。主治:用于阴亏血虚,阴虚消渴,津亏口渴,眩晕耳鸣,肠燥便秘。
酸枣仁性味归经:性平,味甘。入心经、肝经(脏腑归属:归心经,肝经中药)。功效:养心安神,敛汗。主治:用于失眠,惊悸,自汗,盗汗。
白术性味归经:苦、甘,温;归脾、胃经。功效:补气健脾,燥湿利水,止汗,安胎。主治:用于脾气虚弱,食少便溏,痰饮水肿,表虚自汗,胎动不安。
当归性味归经:甘、辛,温。归肝、心、脾经。功效:活血止痛,补血调经,润肠通便。主治:用于血虚眩晕,月经不调,经闭,痛经,面色萎黄,虚寒腹痛,跌打损伤,风湿痹痛,痈疽疮疡,肠燥便秘。
熟地黄性味归经:甘,微温。归肝、肾经。功效:养血滋阴,补精益髓。主治:用于血虚萎黄,眩晕心悸,月经不调,潮热盗汗,消渴,腰酸耳鸣。
丹参性味归经:苦,微寒。归心、心包、肝经。丹参功效:活血祛瘀,凉血消痈,养血安神。主治:用于月经不调,心腹疼痛,癥瘕积聚,风湿热痹,疮疡肿痛,烦躁不寐,心悸,失眠。
山药性味归经:甘,平。归脾、肺、肾经。功效:益气养阴,补益脾肺,补肾固精。主治:用于脾虚食少、大便溏泄,肺虚咳喘,遗精尿频,阴虚消渴。
根据本发明的另一个方面,本发明提供了一种治疗重症肌无力的药物制剂,所述药物制剂是由前面所述的中药组合物加入药学上可接受的辅料制备而成。
进一步,所述药物制剂包括口服剂型。
更进一步,所述口服制剂包括包括滴丸剂、片剂、软胶囊剂、散剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、口服液。
根据本发明的又一个方面,本发明提供了一种前面所述的中药组合物的制备方法,所述制备方法包括:将前面所述的中药组合物中的原料药加水提取,过滤,浓缩。
更详细地,前面所述的制备方法包括:将前面所述的中药组合物中所述的原料药,捣碎成粗粉,加8-10倍量体积的水煎煮两次,每次2小时,合并提取液;减压浓缩,制得所述中药组合物。
根据本发明的又一个方面,本发明提供了前面所述的药物制剂的制备方法,所述制备方法包括:按照前面所述的方法制备中药组合物,加入药学上常用辅料,用制剂学常规技术制备成前面所述的药物制剂。
详细地,本发明的药物组合物与药学上可接受辅料成分混合后,按相应的常规药物制剂方法,可以制备治疗重症肌无力的药物。例如,与崩解剂、赋形剂、润滑剂、粘合剂、填充剂等常用辅助添加成分混合后,按常规的操作方法和过程,可以制成为片剂、丸剂、胶囊剂或多种相应的缓释剂、控释剂等固体口服制剂形式的药物;与常规的增溶剂、乳化剂、润湿剂、起泡或消泡剂等表面活性剂、稀释剂、防腐剂、稳定剂、矫味剂、增稠剂等混合后,按相应的常规方法,可以制备成为水剂、糖浆、口服液等液体制剂形式的口服药物;与常规的悬浮剂、稳定剂、分散剂或调节溶液渗透压的试剂混合,按相应的常规方法,配置成注射液。
根据本发明的又一个方面,本发明提供了前面所述的中药组合物在制备治疗重症肌无力的药物中的应用。
优选地,本发明的重症肌无力是气阴两虚加心血不足的重症肌无力。
本发明的优点和有益效果:
本发明的中药组合物的原料药来源丰富,天然,制备工艺简单、制作费用低、疗效好、安全无副作用,适于在临床上推广使用。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解和实施,下面结合实施例进一步说明本发明。如无特殊说明,本发明的实施例仅用于解释本发明,并不意味着限定本发明的保护范围。
本发明的中药组合物以及药物制剂在运用中医理论基础的前提下,经科学配方筛选,应用中药材采取科学提取工艺的前提下,精制加工而成。
实施例1中药组合物的制备
1、准确称量以下中药原料:黄芪100份、党参30份、白术24份、柴胡10份、升麻10份、当归10份、甘草6份、陈皮6份、枸杞10份、山萸肉12份、桑葚12份、山药20份、酸枣仁30份、柏子仁15份、熟地15份、生地15份、丹参24份、五味子15份、女贞子12份。
2、将以上原料药,捣碎成粗粉,加10倍量体积的水煎煮两次,每次2小时,合并提取液;减压浓缩,制得所述中药组合物。
实施例2中药组合物的制备
1、准确称量以下中药原料:黄芪50份、党参20份、白术15份、柴胡8份、升麻8份、当归8份、甘草5份、陈皮4份、枸杞8份、山萸肉10份、桑葚8份、山药12份、酸枣仁20份、柏子仁10份、熟地12份、生地12份、丹参15份、五味子15份、女贞子10份。
2、将以上原料药,捣碎成粗粉,加9倍量体积的水煎煮两次,每次2小时,合并提取液;减压浓缩,制得所述中药组合物。
实施例3中药组合物的制备
1、准确称量以下中药原料:黄芪10份、党参10份、白术10份、柴胡5份、升麻5份、当归5份、甘草3份、陈皮3份、枸杞5份、山萸肉9份、桑葚5份、山药5份、酸枣仁15份、柏子仁6份、熟地10份、生地10份、丹参6份、五味子15份、女贞子6份。
2、将以上原料药,捣碎成粗粉,加8倍量体积的水煎煮两次,每次2小时,合并提取液;减压浓缩,制得所述中药组合物。
实施例4药物制剂的制备
1、口服液的制备
(1)按照实施例1-3的方法制备中药组合物的清膏;
(2)加入20%苯甲酸乙醇溶液5ml和24%山梨酸钾溶液5ml,搅匀,冷藏48h以上,滤过,加水调整至每毫升含有生药5.5g,搅匀,灌封,即得口服液。
2、片剂的制备
(1)按照实施例1-实施例3中的方法制备中药组合物的清膏;
(2)加入辅料淀粉、乙醇、滑石粉,制得片剂。
3、胶囊剂的制备
(1)按照实施例1-实施例3中的方法制备中药组合物的清膏;
(2)加入辅料淀粉、乙醇、糊精、硬脂酸镁,装入胶囊壳、制得胶囊剂。
4、颗粒剂的制备
(1)按照实施例1-实施例3中的方法制备中药组合物清膏;
(2)加入辅料糖粉、淀粉、糊精、乙醇,制得颗粒剂。
实施例5药物制剂的疗效
1、实验用药的制备
按照实施例4的方法制备口服液。
2、试验人群
收集气阴两虚加心血不足的重症肌无力患者75例,分成3组。服用根据实施例1的组方制备的口服液的患者为1组,服用根据实施例2的组方制备的口服液的患者为2组,服用根据实施例3的组方制备的口服液的患者为3组。
诊断标准:
(1)临床表现:眼睑下垂或闭合不全,四肢无力,咀嚼吞咽困难,言语不清,声音嘶哑,呼吸困难等,以上表现部分或全部出现。
(2)疲劳试验阳性:观察受累肌群,眼上视小于60秒下垂,双上肢平举小于120秒下垂,双下肢抬举小于120秒下垂。
(3)新斯的明试验阳性
用甲基硫酸新斯的明1-1.5毫克肌肉注射,为消除其M胆碱系副作用可同时皮下注射阿托品0.5毫克。观察受累肌群,用临床相对计分法来判定结果,观察60分钟,结果超过80%为阳性,25%-80%为可疑,小于25%为阴性。
(4)肌电图检测
选择面神经、尺神经、股神经,低频重复电刺激衰减(小于5HZ衰减>5-15%),高频重复电刺激无递增(大于10HZ衰减<30%)。
(5)乙酰胆碱受体抗体值均>0.5ng/ml。(正常值<0.5ng/ml)。
3、治疗方法:100ml/次,日服用2次,连续服用时间1周。
4、疗效评定标准:
治愈:临床症状消失;
显效:临床症状明显改善,对日常生活影响轻微;
有效:临床症状改善,一定程度影响日常生活;
无效:临床症状无变化或加重。
5、疗效结果
具体数据参见表1所示。
表1 疗效结果统计
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明,不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干简单推演或替换,都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种治疗重症肌无力的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物由以下重量份的原料药制备而成:黄芪10-100份、党参10-30份、白术10-24份、柴胡5-10份、升麻5-10份、当归5-10份、甘草3-6份、陈皮3-6份、枸杞5-10份、山萸肉9-12份、桑葚5-12份、山药5-20份、酸枣仁15-30份、柏子仁6-15份、熟地10-15份、生地10-15份、丹参6-24份、五味子15份、女贞子6-12份。
2.根据权利要求1的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物由以下重量份的原料药制备而成:黄芪50份、党参20份、白术15份、柴胡8份、升麻8份、当归8份、甘草5份、陈皮4份、枸杞8份、山萸肉10份、桑葚8份、山药12份、酸枣仁20份、柏子仁10份、熟地12份、生地12份、丹参15份、五味子15份、女贞子10份。
3.一种治疗重症肌无力的药物制剂,其特征在于,所述药物制剂是由权利要求1或2所述的中药组合物加入药学上可接受的辅料制备而成。
4.根据权利要求3所述的药物制剂,其特征在于,所述药物制剂包括口服剂型。
5.根据权利要求4 所述的药物制剂,其特征在于,所述口服制剂包括滴丸剂、片剂、散剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、口服液。
6.权利要求1或2所述的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括:将权利要求1或2的原料药加水或醇提取,过滤,浓缩。
7.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括:将权利要求1或2所述的原料药,捣碎成粗粉,加8-10倍量体积的水煎煮两次,每次2小时,合并提取液;减压浓缩,制得所述中药组合物。
8.权利要求3-5中任一项所述的药物制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括:按照权利要求6的方法制备中药组合物,加入药学上常用辅料,用制剂学常规技术制备成药物制剂。
9.权利要求1或2的中药组合物在制备治疗重症肌无力的药物中的应用。
10.根据权利要求9所述的应用,其特征在于,所述重症肌无力是气阴两虚加心血不足的重症肌无力。
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