CN108651205A - A kind of salt-soda soil clover planting and establishing method - Google Patents
A kind of salt-soda soil clover planting and establishing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108651205A CN108651205A CN201810259730.1A CN201810259730A CN108651205A CN 108651205 A CN108651205 A CN 108651205A CN 201810259730 A CN201810259730 A CN 201810259730A CN 108651205 A CN108651205 A CN 108651205A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of salt-soda soil clover planting and establishing methods, including：Base fertilizer deep placement is sowed, and is irrigated, and field management cradles, winter irrigation, management of turning green；This method passes through site preparation deep placement humic acid organic fertilizer, soil texture is improved, reduces soil salt content, while in the way of trickle irrigation, low-salt environment is created in the germination of Alfalfa seed phase, promote seed sprouting and growth of seedling, arable layer will be permeated by irrigating overwintering water, avoid freezing in surface pond, in conjunction with irrigation turn green water carry out top dressing, in addition, selecting saline-alkali tolerant alfalfa variety as recommended varieties, planting success rate is further increased.The method of the invention not only increases soil organic matter content before planting clover, and overcome unfavorable factor of the spring arid soil salt raising to clover germination and growth of seedling using the method for trickle irrigation, also it is that clover later stage normal growth creates condition, technical support is provided for the production of varieties in saline-alkali areas quality alfalfa and animal husbandry development.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to alfalfa technical field of cultivation more particularly to a kind of salt-soda soil clover planting and establishing methods.
Background technology
Alfalfa is Perennial legume forages, is to be distributed most wide tame forage grass in the world, has more than 2,000 in China
The cultivation history in year, clover not only contains the nutritional ingredients such as abundant protein, minerals and vitamins, but also contains domestic animal
Required amino acid, trace element and unknown growth factor, nutritive value is high, palatability is good, is known as " King of Pasture ".When
Before, China just according to the general requirement of " steady grain, expands and raises excellent warp ", accelerates the ternary plantation knot of structure grain, economy and feeding coordinated development
Structure.Using " grain changes feeding " pilot work as handgrip, the plantation of the fodder grasses such as alfalfa, silage corn is greatly developed, fodder grass is built
Production system has become the inexorable trend of modern agricultural development.
The salinization of soil and Secondary Saline problem have become an important factor for restricting agricultural sustainable development, and China is saline and alkaline
About 23,400,000 hectares of ground area, and type is various, it is widely distributed.Improvement, using with exploitation salt-soda soil, can be effectively relieved population increasing
Add the contradiction between soil, agricultural sustainable development, improving the ecological environment is of great significance for keeping.Clover drought resisting is resistance to
Saline-alkali property protrudes, in a variety of weathers, soil types well-grown.Clover root system is huge, and there is root nodule in fast growing, root
Bacterium can play the role of fixed nitrogen infertile field.Salt-soda soil distributed areas are wide, and native earth square in flakes, develops alfalfa cultivation, do not striven with grain
Ground has very big potentiality.Though clover has certain saline-alkali tolerance, in large area salt-soda soil, especially spring arid
There is also certain difficulties for plantation when season soil salt content is higher.Spring arid, surface soil moisture evaporation is strong, in underground water
Salinity gather surface layer with the rising of soil hollow billet, cause upper soll layer salt content to increase, germination of Alfalfa seed is suppressed.
How in salt-soda soil success planting clover, have become the hot spot of current clover scientific research.
Chinese patent literature CN 102405749A（The patent No.：201110235839.X）Disclose a kind of arid biogeographic zone salt marsh
Change wasteland alfalfa planting and establishing method, this method creates the low of plant seed germination and growth of seedling in the way of pressurization trickle irrigation
Salt environment realizes that the successful planting of salt-soda soil plant seedling is given birth to alfalfa and Suaeda salsa mixed seeding using Suaeda salsa
It is long rapid characterized by the offer shade protection of alfalfa seedling, while utilizing Suaeda salsa biomass big and internal polysalt feature
To reduce alfalfa root zone soil salt content.But the patent has the following disadvantages, alfalfa and Suaeda salsa mixed seeding, can
Later stage clover can be harvested and be had some impact on, be mixed into since alkali is fluffy, finally can also influence alfalfa quality.
Chinese patent literature CN 102845204A（The patent No.：201210330833.5）Disclose a kind of middle severe carbonic acid
Salt salt-soda soil alfalfa large-scale planting method, the method includes：The 6-8 rainy seasons month, in the middle saline and alkaline earth's surface of severe carbonate
Face spread fertilizer over the fields fully decomposed farm manure, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate by and potassium sulfate, and uniformly spray coal mine coal washing waste water；Centering severe carbonate
Salt-soda soil ploughed, smooth and pour water；The alfalfa seed for selecting salt-tolerant drought-resistant kind is soaked seed with ABT root-inducing powders；It is soaking
The microbial inoculum containing rhizobium melioti is coated on alfalfa seed after kind；Alfalfa seed to being coated with microbial inoculum wraps
Clothing；The alfalfa seed of coating is seeded into middle severe carbonate salt-soda soil；Field management is carried out after emergence.The patent lucerne
Mu planting range only in middle severe carbonate salt-soda soil, has certain limitation.
For another example, Chinese patent literature CN 101904265A（The patent No.：201010233703.0）It discloses a kind of light saline and alkaline
The cultural method for alfalfa of ploughing, emergence rate is low when solving existing Alfalfa Growing method for salt-soda soil, yield
Problem low and that clover wintering rate is low.But this method is difficult to heavy salinized ground clover planting in being applicable in, and especially operation sequence is numerous
It is trivial, it is difficult to be widely applied.
Clover is limited to the potential absorption of Soil salinity, is a kind of moderate salt-tolerant plant, is sent out heavy salinizedly in
Opening up alfalfa cultivation, there is also certain difficulties, also limit the further expansion of alfalfa cultivation area.At present in salt-soda soil clover
Research in terms of planting is also fewer, especially in site preparation, base fertilizer, kind, keeping a full stand of seedings etc. also needs further to further investigate.
Invention content
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, and the present invention provides in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, and the present invention carries
For a kind of salt-soda soil clover planting and establishing method.Alfalfa seed is sprouted the present invention overcomes alkaline land soil and climatic environment and
The inhibition of growth of seedling carries to ensure that clover late growth is laid a good foundation for quality alfalfa production and grassland agriculture development
For technical support.
Term explanation：
Salt-soda soil：According to《National saline alkali land resource and utilization situation survey graft》Index explanation, salt-soda soil refer to upper soll layer
Gather excessive salt and alkali component（Salt content is generally higher than 0.1%）, there is the soil of inhibiting effect to plant growth.According to soil saliferous
Amount, salt-soda soil can be divided into slightly（0.1%-0.3%）, moderate（0.3%-0.6%）With heavy salinized（＞ 0.6%）.
Summary of the invention：
Fertilising, site preparation are ploughed deeply, are broadcast according to alkaline land soil salt content changing rule and Alfalfa Growing feature by the present invention
Kind, trickle irrigation be improved, by base fertilizer deep placement, trickle irrigation press salt in the way of create the less salt ring of germination of Alfalfa seed and growth of seedling
Border realizes the success planting of salt-soda soil clover seedling, while selecting the saline-alkali tolerant alfalfa variety of the autonomous selection and breeding in China, to improve lucerne
Mu planting success rate.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of salt-soda soil clover planting and establishing method, including steps are as follows：
（1）Base fertilizer deep placement：The saline and alkaline soil for selecting topography smooth, uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields the organic fertilizer containing humic acid in soil table
Layer；Then the soil for spreading fertilizer over the fields base fertilizer is turned over, ploughed depth makes base fertilizer mix well in soil in 30-40cm；Then
Carrying out site preparation keeps topsoil smooth fine crushing；
（2）Sowing：Drilling clover is carried out after site preparation, the amount of broadcasting is in 1.2-1.5kg per acre, and line-spacing is in 20-30cm, seed level 1-2cm；
（3）It irrigates：Clover after planting, drip irrigation zone is laid with by the way of " two rows one pipe " in the line；After planting start trickle irrigation, 1
Its trickle irrigation 1 time, 1 trickle irrigation 4h, until emergence；
（4）Field management：After spring planting clover, alfalfa growing is less competitive than weeds, is spilt when clover plant height reaches 8-12cm
Herbicide carries out weed control, and pest and disease damage prevents in time；
（5）It cradles：Clover initial bloom stage starts to cradle, height for the stubble left 3-6cm；Planting current year cradles 2-3 times；
（7）Winter irrigation：Planting last stubble of current year cradles the height for the stubble left to 8-12cm, carries out overwintering；It is irrigated more before frost
Winter water, irrigation volume are advisable with permeating arable layer, not frozen in surface pond, avoid causing root hypoxia death；
（8）It turns green management：Water of turning green is irrigated when spring turns green, water synchronizes fertilising in conjunction with turning green.
It is currently preferred, the organic fertilizer containing humic acid, wherein per acre dosage be humic acid 150-200kg,
Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 40-60kg, potash fertilizer 20-40kg.
Currently preferred, the alfalfa variety is middle lucerne 1, middle lucerne 3 or Shandong lucerne 1.These kinds are suitable for salt
It plants to alkali, has the characteristics that resistance is strong, yield is high, best in quality.
It is currently preferred, the sowing：The amount of broadcasting is in 1.2-1.5kg per acre, and line-spacing is in 20-30cm, seed level 1-2cm.
Currently preferred, the pipe of two row one is laying a line drip irrigation zone between two row clovers, drip irrigation zone spacing 40-
60cm。
Currently preferred, described water dropper on drip irrigation belt spacing 30cm, douche flow control is in 2-3L/h.
Currently preferred, the overwintering water irrigation volume is controlled in 4200-5250m3/hm2.Irrigation volume is to permeate farming
Layer is advisable, and not freeze in surface pond, avoid causing root hypoxia death.
Currently preferred, the water irrigation volume of turning green is controlled in 2700-3900m3/hm2, fertilising of turning green is di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Ammonium, dose are 250-350kg/ hm2。
A kind of salt-soda soil clover planting and establishing method of the present invention is herded since clover is that a kind of salt tolerance is relatively weak
Grass is also faced with some difficulties in salt-soda soil large area planting, and the technical barrier that present invention needs solve is：Improve the same of soil
When, a low-salt environment is created in Their Seed Germinating Period, salt tolerance enhances after clover emergence, improves planting success rate.
Clover suitable planting region is Temperate Region in China, is particularly suitable for the sandy loam plantation soft in soil property, passes through selection
Suitable kind, high-yield culture technique and rational cropping system, meadow is not only easy planting success, but also can also be achieved high yield
Fine quality production.And in salt-soda soil planting, when being planted especially more than the plot of 0.3% salt content, it is necessary to certain pressure salt be taken to arrange
It applies.The present invention fully takes into account varieties in saline-alkali areas moisture-salt transport rule during alfalfa planting, utilizes and adds after sowing
The mode of pressure trickle irrigation is irrigated, and is conducive to create the less salt needed for clover emergence under drought condition for drip irrigation pipe near zone
Environment alleviates the influence that Salt Strees Condition sprouts seed；Meanwhile salt is pressed by trickle irrigation, soil moisture content is increased, soil is improved
Earth soil moisture content improves seed germination rate and seedling percent, realizes seedling success planting.
The characteristics of salt-soda soil clover build and plant technology of the present invention is：
1, the base fertilizer used in the present invention is the organic fertilizer based on humic acid, improves soil organic matter content, reduces chemistry
The amount of application of fertilizer alleviates pollution pressure, improves soil texture, reduces soil salt content, saves alfalfa kind
Plant cost；
2, clover after planting irrigates trickle irrigation method used in the present invention, not only saves water consumption, and can it is continual
It sows region and supplies water source, it is suppressed that the raised trend of soil salt caused by due to spring arid is created for germination of Alfalfa seed
Advantage is made；
3, the alfalfa cultivars used in the present invention, screening is planted by salt-soda soil for many years, and salt resistance ability is strong, adapts to salt-soda soil ring
Border；
4, winter irrigation water of the present invention and water of turning green are overwintering and the second annual output is very crucial, winter irrigation water for salt-soda soil clover
Be conducive to each system and absorb nutrient and moisture, improves wintering rate and coming year salinity and alkalinity resistance.Water of turning green is conducive to improve spring soil
Water content reduces soil salt, improves clover resistance.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
With reference to and specific embodiment to the present invention application principle be further described.
Embodiment 1：
Salt-soda soil clover build and plant technology, enforcement place are two branch of the farms Dongying City Guang Bei, and selection alfalfa variety is middle lucerne 1,
Include the following steps：
It applies fertilizer to the subsoil：The saline and alkaline soil for selecting topography smooth, the slight alkaline land block that 0-20cm soil salt contents are 0.25%, per acre
Uniformly humic acid 200kg, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 50kg, potash fertilizer 30kg are spread fertilizer over the fields in upper soll layer.
Site preparation：Soil to spreading fertilizer over the fields base fertilizer is turned over, and ploughed depth makes base fertilizer mix well in soil in 40cm.
Sowing：Drilling, the amount of broadcasting is in 1.5kg per acre, and line-spacing is in 20cm, seed level 1.5cm.
It irrigates：Clover after planting, is laid with drip irrigation zone by the way of " two rows one pipe ", is i.e. is laid with a line between two row clovers
Drip irrigation zone, drip irrigation zone spacing 40cm, water dropper on drip irrigation belt spacing 30cm, douche flow control is in 2.5L/h.After planting start to drip
It fills, 1 day trickle irrigation 1 time, 1 trickle irrigation 4h, until emergence.
Field management：1.5kg/hm is sprayed when clover plant height reaches 10cm2" lucerne grass is net " carries out weed control, notes simultaneously
Meaning pest and disease damage prevents in time.
It cradles：Florescence in alfalfa growing beginning starts to cradle, and toothing 5cm, planting current year adds up to cradle 3 times.
Winter irrigation：Planting last stubble of current year cradles the height for the stubble left to 10cm, is convenient for clover overwintering.It is irrigated before frost
Overwintering water, overwintering water irrigation volume control is in 4500m3/hm2, not freeze in surface pond, avoid causing root hypoxia death.
It turns green management：Water of turning green is irrigated when spring turns green, water irrigation volume of turning green is controlled in 3000m3/hm2, in conjunction with water of turning green
It synchronizes and applies Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 300kg/ hm2。
Effect assessment：Alfalfa grasslands success planting, current year grass yield reach 10.5t/ hm2, second year situation of turning green is good
It is good.
Embodiment 2：
Salt-soda soil clover build and plant technology, enforcement place are two branch of the farms Dongying City Guang Bei, and selection alfalfa variety is middle lucerne 1,
Include the following steps：
It applies fertilizer to the subsoil：The saline and alkaline soil for selecting topography smooth, the moderate saline-alkali soil block that 0-20cm soil salt contents are 0.35%, per acre
Uniformly humic acid 200kg, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 50kg, potash fertilizer 30kg are spread fertilizer over the fields in upper soll layer.
Site preparation：Soil to spreading fertilizer over the fields base fertilizer is turned over, and ploughed depth makes base fertilizer mix well in soil in 40cm.
Sowing：Drilling, the amount of broadcasting is in 1.2kg per acre, and line-spacing is in 30cm, seed level 1.5cm.
It irrigates：Clover after planting, is laid with drip irrigation zone by the way of " two rows one pipe ", is i.e. is laid with a line between two row clovers
Drip irrigation zone, drip irrigation zone spacing 60cm, water dropper on drip irrigation belt spacing 30cm, douche flow control is in 2.5L/h.After planting start to drip
It fills, 1 day trickle irrigation 1 time, 1 trickle irrigation 4h, until emergence.
Field management：1.5kg/hm is sprayed when clover plant height reaches 10cm2" lucerne grass is net " carries out weed control, notes simultaneously
Meaning pest and disease damage prevents in time.
It cradles：Florescence in alfalfa growing beginning starts to cradle, and toothing 5cm, planting current year adds up to cradle 3 times.
Winter irrigation：Planting last stubble of current year cradles the height for the stubble left to 10cm, is convenient for clover overwintering.It is irrigated before frost
Overwintering water, overwintering water irrigation volume control is in 4500m3/hm2, not freeze in surface pond, avoid causing root hypoxia death.
It turns green management：Water of turning green is irrigated when spring turns green, water irrigation volume of turning green is controlled in 3000m3/hm2, in conjunction with water of turning green
It synchronizes and applies Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 300kg/ hm2。
Effect assessment：Alfalfa grasslands success planting, current year grass yield reach 9.5t/ hm2, second year is turned green all right.
Embodiment 3：
Salt-soda soil clover build and plant technology, enforcement place are two branch of the farms Dongying City Guang Bei, and selection alfalfa variety is middle lucerne 3,
Include the following steps：
It applies fertilizer to the subsoil：The saline and alkaline soil for selecting topography smooth, the slight alkaline land block that 0-20cm soil salt contents are 0.25%, per acre
Uniformly humic acid 200kg, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 50kg, potash fertilizer 30kg are spread fertilizer over the fields in upper soll layer.
Site preparation：Soil to spreading fertilizer over the fields base fertilizer is turned over, and ploughed depth makes base fertilizer mix well in soil in 40cm.
Sowing：Drilling, the amount of broadcasting is in 1.5kg per acre, and line-spacing is in 20cm, seed level 1.5cm.
It irrigates：Clover after planting, is laid with drip irrigation zone by the way of " two rows one pipe ", is i.e. is laid with a line between two row clovers
Drip irrigation zone, drip irrigation zone spacing 40cm, water dropper on drip irrigation belt spacing 30cm, douche flow control is in 2.5L/h.After planting start to drip
It fills, 1 day trickle irrigation 1 time, 1 trickle irrigation 4h, until emergence.
Field management：1.5kg/hm is sprayed when clover plant height reaches 10cm2" lucerne grass is net " carries out weed control, notes simultaneously
Meaning pest and disease damage prevents in time.
It cradles：Florescence in alfalfa growing beginning starts to cradle, and toothing 5cm, planting current year adds up to cradle 3 times.
Winter irrigation：Planting last stubble of current year cradles the height for the stubble left to 10cm, is convenient for clover overwintering.It is irrigated before frost
Overwintering water, overwintering water irrigation volume control is in 4500m3/hm2, not freeze in surface pond, avoid causing root hypoxia death.
It turns green management：Water of turning green is irrigated when spring turns green, water irrigation volume of turning green is controlled in 3000m3/hm2, in conjunction with water of turning green
It synchronizes and applies Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 300kg/ hm2。
Effect assessment：Alfalfa grasslands success planting, current year grass yield reach 12t/ hm2, second year is turned green all right.
Embodiment 4：
Salt-soda soil clover build and plant technology, enforcement place are two branch of the farms Dongying City Guang Bei, and selection alfalfa variety is middle lucerne 3,
Include the following steps：
It applies fertilizer to the subsoil：The saline and alkaline soil for selecting topography smooth, the moderate saline-alkali soil block that 0-20cm soil salt contents are 0.35%, per acre
Uniformly humic acid 200kg, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 50kg, potash fertilizer 30kg are spread fertilizer over the fields in upper soll layer.
Site preparation：Soil to spreading fertilizer over the fields base fertilizer is turned over, and ploughed depth makes base fertilizer mix well in soil in 40cm.
Sowing：Drilling, the amount of broadcasting is in 1.2kg per acre, and line-spacing is in 30cm, seed level 1.5cm.
It irrigates：Clover after planting, is laid with drip irrigation zone by the way of " two rows one pipe ", is i.e. is laid with a line between two row clovers
Drip irrigation zone, drip irrigation zone spacing 60cm, water dropper on drip irrigation belt spacing 30cm, douche flow control is in 2.5L/h.After planting start to drip
It fills, 1 day trickle irrigation 1 time, 1 trickle irrigation 4h, until emergence.
Field management：1.5kg/hm is sprayed when clover plant height reaches 10cm2" lucerne grass is net " carries out weed control, notes simultaneously
Meaning pest and disease damage prevents in time.
It cradles：Florescence in alfalfa growing beginning starts to cradle, and toothing 5cm, planting current year adds up to cradle 3 times.
Winter irrigation：Planting last stubble of current year cradles the height for the stubble left to 10cm, is convenient for clover overwintering.It is irrigated before frost
Overwintering water, overwintering water irrigation volume control is in 4500m3/hm2, not freeze in surface pond, avoid causing root hypoxia death.
It turns green management：Water of turning green is irrigated when spring turns green, water irrigation volume of turning green is controlled in 3000m3/hm2, in conjunction with water of turning green
It synchronizes and applies Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 300kg/ hm2。
Effect assessment：Alfalfa grasslands success planting, current year grass yield reach 10t/ hm2, second year is turned green all right.
The foregoing is merely the preferred embodiment of the present invention, are not intended to restrict the invention, for those skilled in the art
It, still can be or special to which part technology with technical scheme described in the above embodiments is modified for member
Sign carries out equivalent replacement.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on, should all
It is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Comparative example 1：
A kind of salt-soda soil clover planting and establishing method, with embodiment 1, the difference is that：
This method does not apply humic acid, applies Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 50kg, potash fertilizer 30kg in conjunction with site preparation, other conditions are by embodiment 1
It carries out.
Comparative example 2：
A kind of salt-soda soil clover planting and establishing method, with embodiment 1, the difference is that：
Pressure salt, irrigation quantity 4500m are carried out using the method for flood irrigation before this method sowing3/hm2, other conditions are by embodiment 1
It carries out.
Comparative example 3：
A kind of salt-soda soil clover planting and establishing method, with embodiment 1, the difference is that：
Alfalfa variety selected by this method is U.S. variety WL343HQ, and other conditions press the progress of embodiment 1.
Comparative example 4：
A kind of salt-soda soil clover planting and establishing method, with embodiment 1, the difference is that：
This method does not pour winter irrigation water and water of turning green, and other conditions press the progress of embodiment 1.
The different embodiments of table 1 and influence of the comparative example to clover water consumption, wintering rate and yield
| Project | Water consumption（m3/hm2） | Wintering rate（%） | Alfalfa hay yield（t/ hm2） |
| Embodiment 1 | 9000 | 94 | 10.5 |
| Embodiment 2 | 9000 | 92 | 9.5 |
| Embodiment 3 | 9000 | 95 | 12 |
| Embodiment 4 | 9000 | 93 | 10 |
| Comparative example 1 | 9000 | 92 | 8 |
| Comparative example 2 | 37500 | 90 | 10 |
| Comparative example 3 | 9000 | 78 | 7 |
| Comparative example 4 | 9000 | 70 | 6 |
As can be seen from the above table, humic acid organic fertilizer can effectively improve soil texture, increase soil organic matter content, alfalfa output
Improve 20% or more（Comparative example 1）.Either trickle irrigation or flood irrigation can effectively reduce soil salt content, improve clover planting
Success rate, relative to flood irrigation（Comparative example 2）, trickle irrigation can save 80% water consumption, effectively reduce the soil during germination of Alfalfa seed
Earth salt content.An important factor for saline-alkali tolerant alfalfa variety is also salt-soda soil clover planting selects not enduring alkali variety, leads to clover
Survival rate reduces, and yield declines（Comparative example 3）.Winter irrigation water and water of turning green are to ensure the overwintering premise with high yield of clover, in clover
It is most important in planting management, winter irrigation water is not poured and water of turning green, the reduction of clover survival rate, yield will be caused to decline（Comparative example 4）.
Certainly, above description is also not limited to the example above, technical characteristic of the present invention without description can by or
It is realized using the prior art, details are not described herein；It is not to this that above example, which is only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention,
The limitation of invention, describes the invention in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, and those skilled in the art should
Understand, the variations, modifications, additions or substitutions that those skilled in the art are made in the essential scope of the present invention
Without departure from spirit of the invention, it should also belong to the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of salt-soda soil clover planting and establishing method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
（1）Base fertilizer deep placement：The saline and alkaline soil for selecting topography smooth, uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields the organic fertilizer containing humic acid in soil table
Layer；Then the soil for spreading fertilizer over the fields base fertilizer is turned over, ploughed depth is in 30-40cm；Then carrying out site preparation keeps topsoil smooth
It is fine crushing；
（2）Sowing：Drilling clover is carried out after site preparation；
（3）It irrigates：Clover after planting, drip irrigation zone is laid with by the way of " two rows one pipe " in the line；After planting start trickle irrigation, 1
Its trickle irrigation 1 time, 1 trickle irrigation 4h, until emergence；
（4）Field management：After spring planting clover, herbicide is spilt when clover plant height reaches 8-12cm and carries out weed control, disease
Insect pest prevents in time；
（5）It cradles：Clover initial bloom stage starts to cradle, height for the stubble left 3-6cm, and planting current year cradles 2-3 times；
（7）Winter irrigation：Planting last stubble of current year cradles the height for the stubble left to 8-12cm, carries out overwintering；It is irrigated more before frost
Winter water；
（8）It turns green management：Water of turning green is irrigated when spring turns green, water synchronizes fertilising in conjunction with turning green.
2. salt-soda soil clover planting and establishing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the base fertilizer is based on humic acid
Organic fertilizer, wherein per acre dosage be humic acid 150-200kg, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 40-60kg, potash fertilizer 20-40kg.
3. salt-soda soil clover planting and establishing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the alfalfa variety be China from
The saline-alkali tolerant alfalfa cultivars of main selection and breeding, recommended varieties are one kind in middle lucerne 1, middle lucerne 3, Shandong lucerne 1.
4. salt-soda soil clover planting and establishing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sowing：The amount of broadcasting exists per acre
1.2-1.5kg, line-spacing is in 20-30cm, seed level 1-2cm.
5. salt-soda soil clover planting and establishing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pipe of two row one is two row clovers
Between be laid with a line drip irrigation zone, drip irrigation zone spacing 40-60cm.
6. salt-soda soil clover planting and establishing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the water dropper on drip irrigation belt spacing
30cm, douche flow control is in 2-3L/h.
7. salt-soda soil clover planting and establishing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the overwintering water irrigation volume control
In 4200-5250m3/hm2。
8. salt-soda soil clover planting and establishing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the water irrigation volume control of turning green
In 2700-3900m3/hm2, fertilizing systems Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 300kg/ hm of turning green2。
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| CN112753515A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-07 | 青海省水利水电科学研究院有限公司 | Cultivation method for interplanting Chinese wolfberry and alfalfa |
| CN113207560A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-06 | 河南青源天仁生物技术有限公司 | Alfalfa planting method with full-biodegradable mulching film covering |
| CN114375635A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-04-22 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Application of bacterial manure matrix in vegetation restoration of open pit coal mine waste dump in arid region |
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