CN108640768A - A kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof of prevention cucumber anthracnose - Google Patents
A kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof of prevention cucumber anthracnose Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/20—Fabaceae or Leguminosae [Pea or Legume family], e.g. pea, lentil, soybean, clover, acacia, honey locust, derris or millettia
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/28—Myrtaceae [Myrtle family], e.g. teatree or clove
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/42—Aloeaceae [Aloe family] or Liliaceae [Lily family], e.g. aloe, veratrum, onion, garlic or chives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A01N65/48—Zingiberaceae [Ginger family], e.g. ginger or galangal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of fertilizers, specially a kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof of prevention cucumber anthracnose, by Pharmaceutical ingredients and nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium nutrition component according to 1：The mass ratio of (6 8) forms, and the Pharmaceutical ingredients include：Husky ginger, psoralea corylifolia, cloves, cuckoo, garlic, tea root, cordate houttuynia；Nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium nutrition the component includes：Soybean stalk, rice husk, brown coal powder, lysine hydrochloride, potassium nitrate, monoammonium phosphate, multi-vitamins, sweet potato starch, ardealite, goose excrement, humic acid；The fertilizer of the prevention cucumber anthracnose of the present invention, it is added to traditional Chinese medicine ingredients, bactericidal range is wide, is not easy to produce resistance, wherein, the control effect of anthracnose is notable, and multi-vitamins, humic acid can promote the balanced of active ingredient to absorb, and then peomotes plant growth, also help keep soil from packing together, improves edaphon distribution situation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of fertilizers, specially a kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof of prevention cucumber anthracnose.
Background technology
Plant anthracnose is a kind of fungi, and distribution is very wide, is grown in the torrid zone, the area such as subtropical zone even temperate zone is suitable for true
Bacterium breeding plant can become its host, anthracnose is induced by the fungi of a variety of colletotrichums, have confirmed that including grain,
600 various plants such as vegetables, fruit tree, flowers are endangered by it.Anthracnose main harm fruit, blade, carpopodium also can be aggrieved, fruit
Catch an illness in fact, begin to show water soaking mode yellowish-brown round spot, edge brown, center is in taupe, the bossed concentric wheel stripe in surface, often by
Many dots are integrated, and dot is black sometimes.
Cucumber anthracnose is a kind of important cucumber disease, mainly cause harm cucumber leaves, vines and fruit, and the time of infertility is equal
It can fall ill, currently, chemical pesticide is mainly also to rely on to the prevention of cucumber anthracnose in production, but chemical pesticide control is deposited
The problems such as of high cost, pesticide residue, environmental pollution, cause of disease drug resistance enhance.
Invention content
The present invention is in order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of fertilizer of prevention cucumber anthracnose and its preparations
Method.
Specifically realized according to following technical scheme：
A kind of fertilizer of prevention cucumber anthracnose, by Pharmaceutical ingredients and nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium nutrition component according to 1：The matter of (6-8)
Amount is than composition, wherein
Pharmaceutical ingredients include following component in parts by weight：3-6 parts of husky ginger, 5-9 parts of psoralea corylifolia, 7-10 parts of cloves, Du
3-9 parts of cuckoo, 10-13 parts of garlic, 1-2 parts of tea root, 2-4 parts of cordate houttuynia；
Nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium nutrition component includes following component in parts by weight：70-80 parts of soybean stalk, rice husk 40-50
Part, 30-40 parts of brown coal powder, 8-18 parts of lysine hydrochloride, 20-30 parts of potassium nitrate, 30-40 parts of monoammonium phosphate, multi-vitamins
5-10 parts, 20-25 parts of sweet potato starch, 15-25 parts of ardealite, 40-50 parts of goose excrement, 10-20 parts of humic acid.
The multi-vitamins include following component in parts by weight：- 2 parts of retinol1,2-3 parts of vitamine D3, dimension
Raw 1.5-4 parts of element E, 0.1-0.2 parts of Vitamin K3,0.5-0.7 parts of riboflavin, 0.8-1.1 parts of pantothenic acid, vitamin B12 0.1-
0.2 part, 8-10 parts of vitamin C.
The Pharmaceutical ingredients, preparation method include the following steps：
S1 psoralea corylifolias extract：Psoralea corylifolia is weighed, mass concentration is added as 50-60% edible ethanols to solid-liquid ratio (mass body
Product ratio) it is 1:(6-7) is placed under the conditions of temperature is 42-46 DEG C and extracts 2-3h, then extract 1-2h at normal temperatures, filter, take filter
Liquid obtains Fructus Psoraleae extract；
S2 husky gingers, cordate houttuynia extraction：Husky ginger, cordate houttuynia are weighed, mass concentration is added as 50-60% edible ethanols to feed liquid
It is 1 than (mass volume ratio):(2.3-3.6) is placed under the conditions of temperature is 80-90 DEG C and extracts 30-45min, filter, filtrate is taken to obtain
Husky ginger/houttuynia extract；
S3 cuckoos, cloves extraction：Cuckoo, cloves are weighed, mass concentration is added as 50-60% edible ethanols to solid-liquid ratio
(mass volume ratio) is 1:(2.5-3.2), be placed in temperature be 36-40 DEG C under the conditions of extract 3-4h, filter, take filtrate obtain cuckoo/
White flower Flos Caryophylli extract；
S4 tea roots, garlic extraction：It is 50- that tea root, garlic mixed grinding, which are weighed, to 60 mesh sieve, addition mass concentration is crossed
60% edible ethanol to solid-liquid ratio (mass volume ratio) is 1:(1.8-2.3) is placed under the conditions of temperature is 80-85 DEG C and extracts 20-
30min, then be placed under the conditions of temperature is 54-66 DEG C and extract 20-30min, it filters, filtrate is taken to obtain husky ginger/houttuynia extract；
S5 distills：S1-S4 step gains are uniformly mixed, it is 36-40Pa, vapo(u)rizing temperature 77- to be placed in distillation pressure
10-15min is distilled under the conditions of 86 DEG C, then it is 55-62Pa to be placed in distillation pressure, vapo(u)rizing temperature distills 8- under the conditions of being 48-54 DEG C
12min merges distillate, obtains Pharmaceutical ingredients.
Further preferably, edible ethanol mass concentration is 56%.
The fertilizer of the prevention cucumber anthracnose, is prepared by following steps：
(1) it after mixing soybean stalk, rice husk, ardealite, brown coal powder, is warming up to the heating rate of 5-8 DEG C/min
450-500 DEG C, heat preservation anoxybiotic cracks 1-2h, and anoxybiotic is cooled to room temperature, and 60-80 mesh sieve is crossed after grinding；
(2) after mixing by lysine hydrochloride, potassium nitrate, monoammonium phosphate, multi-vitamins, humic acid, grounds travel
It was broken to 60-80 mesh sieve；
(3) sweet potato starch, Pharmaceutical ingredients, goose excrement are dissolved in the drinking water for being equivalent to 5-6 times of goose excrement quality and are stirred
Even, step (1) gains are added in isothermal holding 1-2h after being heated to 70-80 DEG C, stir 20-30min, ultrasonic disperse 10-
15min, then it is warming up to 85-90 DEG C, step (2) gains are added, stir 20-30min, ultrasonic disperse 10-15min, then be placed in
Under the conditions of 0-4 DEG C be lyophilized to get.
The stirring, rate 1000-1500r/min.
The present invention by with resist anthracnose Chinese medicine screen, filter out purple perilla, peppermint, matrimony vine, Cortex Eucommiae,
Chinese cassia tree, argy wormwood, Siberian cocklebur, cloves, radix scutellariae, kuh-seng, grass-leaved sweetflag etc. resist anthracnose to cucumber has control effect, based on Chinese medicine
Learn, it is phytological on the basis of, advanced optimize and obtain：Husky ginger, psoralea corylifolia, cloves, cuckoo, garlic, tea root, cordate houttuynia it is pre-
Anti- anthracnose composition；Wherein, husky ginger pharmacological property temperature, flavour of a drug are pungent, contain methoxy cinnamic acid ester；Psoralea corylifolia pharmacological property temperature, flavour of a drug
It is pungent, contain Coumarins, flavonoids and monoterpene phenols；Cloves pharmacological property temperature, flavour of a drug are pungent, contain caryophyllus oil；Cuckoo mild in medicine property, flavour of a drug are sweet,
Containing tannin, reducing substances, cardiac glycoside, flavonoids, resinene, acidic resins, grease and volatile oil etc., flavonoids has cuckoo
Element, cuckoo B prime, myricetin and dihydroquercetin；Garlic pharmacological property temperature, flavour of a drug are pungent, containing allicin, citral；Tea root pharmacological property
Cool, flavour of a drug are bitter, containing carbohydrates such as stachyose, gossypose, sucrose, glucose, fructose；Cordate houttuynia pharmacological property is cold, and flavour of a drug are pungent, second containing caprinoyl
Aldehyde, lauryl aldehyde, a- firpenes and linalool etc..
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The fertilizer of the prevention cucumber anthracnose of the present invention, is added to traditional Chinese medicine ingredients, and bactericidal range is wide, is not easy to produce resistance,
Wherein, the control effect of anthracnose is notable, and multi-vitamins, humic acid can promote the balanced of active ingredient to absorb, into
And plant growth is peomoted, also help keep soil from packing together, improves edaphon distribution situation.
The present invention is by being added to the controlled releases such as soybean stalk, rice husk, sorbing material so that and fertilizer can discharge for a long time,
And then reduce fertilising cost, while being added to ardealite, goose excrement etc., the mineral element of fertilizer is enriched, and improve life
Porosity, specific surface area and surface charge density of substance charcoal etc., and then help to reduce heavy metal and organic pollution.
The present invention from terms of anthracnose inhibiting rate to the invention in Pharmaceutical ingredients collocation verify；
One, raw material screening
1.1 cucumber anthracnose germ mycelia growth inhibitory effects
Disease Beijing research method [M] (is planted up in side using mycelial growth rate method：Chinese agriculture publishing house, 1999) it surveys
The bacteriostatic activity of fixed different Pharmaceutical ingredients formulas：
Step 1：Take the composition 1ml of formula group 1- formulas group 9, respectively with 9mlPDA culture mediums in culture dish mixing,
The PDA culture medium (being shown in Table 1) containing different components is made, blank control is made with sterile water；
Step 2：The cucumber anthracnose of reservation is transferred in PDA plates, 96h is activated at 25 DEG C, then in nearly bacterium colony
The bacteria cake of a diameter of 5mm is produced at edge with card punch, and is transferred in the PDA culture medium of step 1, is activated 96h at 25 DEG C, is waited for
When bacterium colony is grown to the 4/5 of about plate diameter in control, colony diameter is measured using " ten " word interior extrapolation method, actuarial colony diameter is average
Value, and calculate mycelia according to following public affair and grow average inhibition：Mycelia grows average inhibition γ=(control colony diameter-
Formula group colony diameter)/(control colony diameter-bacteria cake diameter) × 100%, it the results are shown in Table 2；
1.2 indoor pot experiment
The consistent cucumber seeds of bud gesture are sowed in flowerpot, when plant grows to 21 heart of leaf, spray 1 medicine company of table, and set
Sterile water compares.After air-drying for 24 hours, cucumber anthracnose spore suspension is uniformly sprayed on pillar.Examination material after inoculation is placed
Cultivated in dense fog climate box, 28-30 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity RH be 100%, inoculation for 24 hours in ensure dark condition, for 24 hours it
Illumination afterwards：Dark=12h:12h processing；10 plants of cucumber seedlings are often handled, are repeated 3 times；Diseases prevention is investigated after the onset of waiting for control group fully
Effect, investigation grade scale use《Pesticide field efficacy medicine test》Standard.
Cucumber anthracnose grade scale：0 grade is blade disease-free spot；1 grade accounts for 5% or less entire leaf area for lesion area；3
Grade is that lesion area accounts for entire leaf area 6-10%；5 grades account for entire leaf area 11-25% for lesion area；7 grades are lesion area
Account for entire leaf area 26-50%；9 grades account for 50% or more entire leaf area for lesion area.The state of an illness is calculated according to following formula to refer to
Number and relative control effect：
Disease index=Σ [diseased plant numbers at different levels × corresponding representative and number]/(representative of the most heavy pole of investigation number summation × morbidity
Value) × 100%；
Preventive effect η=(control disease index-processing disease index)/control disease index × 100%；
It the results are shown in Table 2
Table 1
Table 2
Specific implementation mode
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below, but the invention is not limited in these realities
Mode is applied, it is claimed to still fall within the claims in the present invention for any improvement or replacement on the present embodiment essence spirit
Range.
Embodiment 1
A kind of fertilizer of prevention cucumber anthracnose, by Pharmaceutical ingredients and nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium nutrition component according to 1：8 mass ratio
Composition, wherein
Pharmaceutical ingredients include following component：Husky ginger 6g, psoralea corylifolia 9g, cloves 10g, cuckoo 9g, garlic 13g, tea root 2g,
Cordate houttuynia 4g；
Nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium nutrition component includes following component：Soybean stalk 80g, rice husk 50g, brown coal powder 40g, lysine salt
Hydrochlorate 18g, potassium nitrate 30g, monoammonium phosphate 40g, multi-vitamins 10g, sweet potato starch 25g, ardealite 25g, goose excrement 50g, corruption
Grow sour 20g；
The multi-vitamins include following component：Dehydroretinol g, vitamine D3 3g, vitamin E 4g, Vitamin K3
0.2g, riboflavin 0.7g, pantothenic acid 1.1g, vitamin B12 0.2g, vitamin C 10g.
Embodiment 2
A kind of fertilizer of prevention cucumber anthracnose, by Pharmaceutical ingredients and nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium nutrition component according to 1：7 mass ratio
Composition, wherein
Pharmaceutical ingredients include following component：Husky ginger 3g, psoralea corylifolia 5g, cloves 7g, cuckoo 3g, garlic 10g, tea root 1g,
Cordate houttuynia 2g；
Nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium nutrition component includes following component：Soybean stalk 70g, rice husk 40g, brown coal powder 30g, lysine salt
Hydrochlorate 8g, potassium nitrate 20g, monoammonium phosphate 30g, multi-vitamins 5g, sweet potato starch 20g, ardealite 15g, goose excrement 40g, humic
Sour 10g；
The multi-vitamins include following component：Retinol1 g, vitamine D3 2g, vitamin E 1.5g, vitamin
K3 0.1g, riboflavin 0.5g, pantothenic acid 0.8g, vitamin B12 0.1g, vitamin C 8g.
Embodiment 3
A kind of fertilizer of prevention cucumber anthracnose, by Pharmaceutical ingredients and nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium nutrition component according to 1：7 mass ratio
Composition, wherein
Pharmaceutical ingredients include following component：Husky ginger 5g, psoralea corylifolia 7g, cloves 8g, cuckoo 6g, garlic 12g, tea root 1g,
Cordate houttuynia 3g；
Nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium nutrition component includes following component：Soybean stalk 75g, rice husk 45g, brown coal powder 35g, lysine salt
13 parts of hydrochlorate, potassium nitrate 25g, monoammonium phosphate 35g, multi-vitamins 7g, sweet potato starch 22g, ardealite 20g, goose excrement 45g, corruption
Grow sour 15g；
The multi-vitamins include following component：Retinol1 g, vitamine D3 2g, vitamin E 3g, Vitamin K3
0.2g, riboflavin 0.6g, pantothenic acid 1.0g, vitamin B12 0.2g, vitamin C 9g.
Embodiment 4
A kind of fertilizer of prevention cucumber anthracnose, by Pharmaceutical ingredients and nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium nutrition component according to 1：6 mass ratio
Composition, wherein
Pharmaceutical ingredients include following component：Husky ginger 6g, psoralea corylifolia 9g, cloves 10g, cuckoo 9g, garlic 13g, tea root 2g,
Cordate houttuynia 4g；
Nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium nutrition component includes following component：Soybean stalk 75g, rice husk 45g, brown coal powder 35g, lysine salt
13 parts of hydrochlorate, potassium nitrate 25g, monoammonium phosphate 35g, multi-vitamins 7g, sweet potato starch 22g, ardealite 20g, goose excrement 45g, corruption
Grow sour 15g；
The multi-vitamins include following component：Retinol1 g, vitamine D3 2g, vitamin E 1.5g, vitamin
K3 0.1g, riboflavin 0.5g, pantothenic acid 0.8g, vitamin B12 0.1g, vitamin C 8g.
Embodiment 5-8
On the basis of embodiment 1-4, a kind of preparation method of the fertilizer of prevention cucumber anthracnose is provided：
The fertilizer of the prevention cucumber anthracnose, is prepared by following steps：
(1) after mixing soybean stalk, rice husk, ardealite, brown coal powder, 500 are warming up to the heating rate of 6 DEG C/min
DEG C, heat preservation anoxybiotic cracks 1h, and anoxybiotic is cooled to room temperature, and 80 mesh sieve is crossed after grinding；
(2) after mixing by lysine hydrochloride, potassium nitrate, monoammonium phosphate, multi-vitamins, humic acid, grounds travel
It was broken to 80 mesh sieve；
(3) sweet potato starch, Pharmaceutical ingredients, goose excrement are dissolved in the drinking water for being equivalent to 5.5 times of goose excrement quality and are stirred
Even, step (1) gains are added in isothermal holding 2h after being heated to 75 DEG C, stir 25min, ultrasonic disperse 10min, then be warming up to
90 DEG C, step (2) gains are added, stir 20min, ultrasonic disperse 15min, then under the conditions of being placed in 0-4 DEG C freeze-drying to get.
The stirring, rate 1000r/min；
The Pharmaceutical ingredients, preparation method include the following steps：
S1 psoralea corylifolias extract：Psoralea corylifolia is weighed, mass concentration is added as 56% edible ethanol to solid-liquid ratio (quality volume
Than) it is 1:6.2, it is placed under the conditions of temperature is 42 DEG C and extracts 3h, then extract 1.5h at normal temperatures, filter, filtrate is taken to obtain Psoralen
Fat extract；
S2 husky gingers, cordate houttuynia extraction：Husky ginger, cordate houttuynia are weighed, mass concentration is added as 56% edible ethanol to solid-liquid ratio
(mass volume ratio) is 1:2.5, it is placed under the conditions of temperature is 88 DEG C and extracts 35min, filter, take filtrate to obtain husky ginger/cordate houttuynia and carry
Take object；
S3 cuckoos, cloves extraction：Cuckoo, cloves are weighed, mass concentration is added as 56% edible ethanol to solid-liquid ratio (quality
Volume ratio) it is 1:2.5, it is placed under the conditions of temperature is 40 DEG C and extracts 3h, filter, filtrate is taken to obtain cuckoo/white flower Flos Caryophylli extract；
S4 tea roots, garlic extraction：Tea root, garlic mixed grinding are weighed to 60 mesh sieve is crossed, mass concentration, which is added, is
56% edible ethanol to solid-liquid ratio (mass volume ratio) is 1:2, it is placed under the conditions of temperature is 80 DEG C and extracts 30min, then be placed in temperature
Degree extracts 30min under the conditions of being 65 DEG C, filters, filtrate is taken to obtain husky ginger/houttuynia extract；
S5 distills：S1-S4 step gains are uniformly mixed, it is 40Pa to be placed in distillation pressure, and vapo(u)rizing temperature is 85 DEG C of items
10min is distilled under part, then it is 60Pa to be placed in distillation pressure, vapo(u)rizing temperature distills 10min under the conditions of being 50 DEG C, merges distillate,
Obtain Pharmaceutical ingredients.
Test example 1
Indoor pot experiment
The consistent cucumber seeds of bud gesture are sowed in flowerpot, when plant grows to 21 heart of leaf, apply the fertilizer of embodiment 5-8
Material, and goose muck is set as control.After air-drying for 24 hours, cucumber anthracnose spore suspension is uniformly sprayed on pillar.After inoculation
Examination material, which is placed in dense fog climate box, to be cultivated, and 28-30 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity RH is 100%, ensures dark item in inoculation for 24 hours
Part, for 24 hours illumination later：Dark=12h:12h processing；10 plants of cucumber seedlings are often handled, are repeated 3 times；After the onset of waiting for that control group is abundant
Protection effect is investigated, investigation grade scale uses《Pesticide field efficacy medicine test》Standard.
Cucumber anthracnose grade scale：0 grade is blade disease-free spot；1 grade accounts for 5% or less entire leaf area for lesion area；3
Grade is that lesion area accounts for entire leaf area 6-10%；5 grades account for entire leaf area 11-25% for lesion area；7 grades are lesion area
Account for entire leaf area 26-50%；9 grades account for 50% or more entire leaf area for lesion area.The state of an illness is calculated according to following formula to refer to
Number and relative control effect：
Disease index=Σ [diseased plant numbers at different levels × corresponding representative and number]/(representative of the most heavy pole of investigation number summation × morbidity
Value) × 100%；
Preventive effect η=(control disease index-processing disease index)/control disease index × 100%；
It the results are shown in Table 3：
Table 3
| Embodiment 5 | Embodiment 6 | Embodiment 7 | Embodiment 8 | |
| Preventive effect η (%) | 92.5 | 94.1 | 95.4 | 90.2 |
Claims (7)
1. a kind of fertilizer of prevention cucumber anthracnose, by Pharmaceutical ingredients and nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium nutrition component according to 1：The quality of (6-8)
Than composition, which is characterized in that the Pharmaceutical ingredients include following component in parts by weight：3-6 parts of husky ginger, 5-9 parts of psoralea corylifolia,
7-10 parts of cloves, 3-9 parts of cuckoo, 10-13 parts of garlic, 1-2 parts of tea root, 2-4 parts of cordate houttuynia；Nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium nutrition the component
Including：Soybean stalk, rice husk, brown coal powder, lysine hydrochloride, potassium nitrate, monoammonium phosphate, multi-vitamins, sweet potato starch,
Ardealite, goose excrement, humic acid.
2. the fertilizer of prevention cucumber anthracnose as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium nutrition component is pressed
Include following component according to parts by weight meter：70-80 parts of soybean stalk, 40-50 parts of rice husk, 30-40 parts of brown coal powder, lysine hydrochloric acid
8-18 parts of salt, 20-30 parts of potassium nitrate, 30-40 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 5-10 parts of multi-vitamins, 20-25 parts of sweet potato starch, phosphorus stone
15-25 parts of cream, 40-50 parts of goose excrement, 10-20 parts of humic acid.
3. the fertilizer of prevention cucumber anthracnose as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the multi-vitamins are according to weight
Part meter includes following component：- 2 parts of retinol1,2-3 parts of vitamine D3,1.5-4 parts of vitamin E, Vitamin K3 0.1-0.2
Part, 0.5-0.7 parts of riboflavin, 0.8-1.1 parts of pantothenic acid, 0.1-0.2 parts of vitamin B12,8-10 parts of vitamin C.
4. the fertilizer of prevention cucumber anthracnose as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the Pharmaceutical ingredients, preparation side
Method includes the following steps：
S1 psoralea corylifolias extract：Psoralea corylifolia is weighed, mass concentration is added as 50-60% edible ethanols to solid-liquid ratio (mass volume ratio)
It is 1:(6-7) is placed under the conditions of temperature is 42-46 DEG C and extracts 2-3h, then extract 1-2h at normal temperatures, filter, filtrate is taken to obtain
Fructus Psoraleae extract；
S2 husky gingers, cordate houttuynia extraction：Husky ginger, cordate houttuynia are weighed, mass concentration is added as 50-60% edible ethanols to solid-liquid ratio
(mass volume ratio) is 1:(2.3-3.6) is placed under the conditions of temperature is 80-90 DEG C and extracts 30-45min, filter, take filtrate to obtain husky
Ginger/houttuynia extract；
S3 cuckoos, cloves extraction：Cuckoo, cloves are weighed, mass concentration is added as 50-60% edible ethanols to solid-liquid ratio (quality
Volume ratio) it is 1:(2.5-3.2) is placed under the conditions of temperature is 36-40 DEG C and extracts 3-4h, filter, filtrate is taken to obtain cuckoo/white flower fourth
Fragrant extract；
S4 tea roots, garlic extraction：It is 50-60% that tea root, garlic mixed grinding, which are weighed, to 60 mesh sieve, addition mass concentration is crossed
Edible ethanol to solid-liquid ratio (mass volume ratio) is 1:(1.8-2.3) is placed under the conditions of temperature is 80-85 DEG C and extracts 20-
30min, then be placed under the conditions of temperature is 54-66 DEG C and extract 20-30min, it filters, filtrate is taken to obtain husky ginger/houttuynia extract；
S5 distills：S1-S4 step gains are uniformly mixed, it is 36-40Pa to be placed in distillation pressure, and vapo(u)rizing temperature is 77-86 DEG C
Under the conditions of distill 10-15min, then be placed in distillation pressure be 55-62Pa, vapo(u)rizing temperature be 48-54 DEG C under the conditions of distill 8-
12min merges distillate, obtains Pharmaceutical ingredients.
5. the fertilizer of prevention cucumber anthracnose as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the edible ethanol mass concentration is
56%.
6. the preparation method of the fertilizer of prevention cucumber anthracnose as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that by following steps system
It is standby to form：
(1) after mixing soybean stalk, rice husk, ardealite, brown coal powder, 450- is warming up to the heating rate of 5-8 DEG C/min
500 DEG C, heat preservation anoxybiotic cracks 1-2h, and anoxybiotic is cooled to room temperature, and 60-80 mesh sieve is crossed after grinding；
(2) after mixing by lysine hydrochloride, potassium nitrate, monoammonium phosphate, multi-vitamins, humic acid, grind to
Cross 60-80 mesh sieve；
(3) sweet potato starch, Pharmaceutical ingredients, goose excrement are dissolved in the drinking water for being equivalent to 5-6 times of goose excrement quality and are stirred evenly, added
Step (1) gains are added to isothermal holding 1-2h after 70-80 DEG C in heat, stir 20-30min, ultrasonic disperse 10-15min, then
It is warming up to 85-90 DEG C, step (2) gains are added, stirs 20-30min, ultrasonic disperse 10-15min, then be placed in 0-4 DEG C of condition
Lower freeze-drying to get.
7. the preparation method of the fertilizer of prevention cucumber anthracnose as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the stirring,
Rate is 1000-1500r/min.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN113475534A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-10-08 | 海南师范大学 | Morinda citrifolia sterilizing preparation and preparation method thereof |
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