CN113943180B - Macadimia nut green husk matrix organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Macadimia nut green husk matrix organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a macadimia nut green husk matrix organic fertilizer which mainly comprises the following raw materials: bean dregs, corncob powder, macadamia nut green tangerine peel extract, EM microbial inoculum, carpesium abrotanoides extract, pomegranate bark extract, fructus cnidii extract and cortex phellodendri extract. The organic fertilizer provided by the application can provide sufficient fertilizer efficiency for the growth of macadimia nuts by cooperating with a scientific preparation method through mutual synergy among raw materials, and meanwhile, the disease resistance of the roots of the macadimia nuts is enhanced.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to the technical field of planting, and particularly relates to a macadimia nut green husk matrix organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
[ background of the invention ]
Macadamia nuts belong to tropical and subtropical high-grade commercial crops, are rich in nutrition, have the oil content of 70-79 percent, are rich in unsaturated fatty acid, protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and 8 amino acids necessary for human bodies. Meanwhile, the monounsaturated fatty acid in the macadamia nut oil can reduce the content of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in blood, and has higher medicinal value for treating atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, tumors and the like.
However, because the macadamia nut fruit tree has the characteristics of shallow root system and no wind resistance, the macadamia nut fruit tree is suitable for being planted on hills or flat grounds with the altitude of below 1200m, in addition, the applicant finds that the root system of the macadamia nut fruit tree is easy to cause insect damage to the root system, so that a series of problems of fruit tree diseases, low yield, poor nut quality and the like occur.
In addition, as the macadimia nuts are planted in humid and rainy regions such as tropical and subtropical regions and are often planted in southern regions such as Yunnan, Guangxi and the like in China, through years of research, the applicant finds that fungi such as phytophthora cinnamomi and agaricus fungi are easy to breed in soil where the macadimia nuts are planted for a long time, so that the macadimia nuts are prone to stem canker, the cortex of an infected part of a fruit tree becomes hard after the stem canker is infected, and then the cortex becomes concave, the cortex and the xylem become colored, black jelly is exuded, the bark is cracked, the leaf color is faded, the leaves fall off the fruit, and the trunk can wither to death in serious cases.
Based on this, the application provides a macadimia nut green husk matrix organic fertilizer to solve the above problems.
[ summary of the invention ]
In view of the above, the organic fertilizer with the macadimia nut green husk matrix and the preparation method thereof are needed, and the organic fertilizer provided by the application can provide sufficient fertilizer efficiency for the growth of macadimia nuts and enhance the disease resistance of the roots of the macadimia nuts by the mutual cooperation of raw materials and the cooperation with a scientific preparation method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the macadimia nut green husk matrix organic fertilizer mainly comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of bean dregs, 18-28 parts of corncob powder, 8-15 parts of fermented livestock manure, 40-50 parts of macadamia nut green husk extract, 3-5 parts of EM microbial inoculum, 3-8 parts of Carex extract, 2-4 parts of pomegranate bark extract, 1-3 parts of fructus cnidii extract and 4-6 parts of cortex phellodendri extract.
Further, the organic fertilizer mainly comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of corncob powder, 12 parts of fermented livestock manure, 45 parts of macadamia nut green tangerine peel extract, 4 parts of EM microbial inoculum, 6 parts of Carex extract, 3 parts of pomegranate peel extract, 2 parts of fructus cnidii extract and 5 parts of cortex phellodendri extract.
Further, the macadimia nut green husk extract is obtained by the following method: collecting macadimia nut green peel, cleaning the macadimia nut green peel by using running water, crushing the macadimia nut green peel, putting the crushed macadimia nut green peel into a leaching tank, extracting the crushed macadimia nut green peel with water for 12-20 hours, and filtering the water to obtain water extract; and then leaching the filter residue with 75% ethanol by volume for 10-15 hours, filtering to obtain ethanol leaching liquor, and mixing the water leaching liquor and the ethanol leaching liquor to obtain the extract of the green tangerine orange peel of the macadimia nut.
Furthermore, the carpesium abrotanoides extract, the pomegranate bark extract, the fructus cnidii extract and the cortex phellodendri extract are all prepared by alcohol extraction.
Further, the fermented livestock manure is obtained by the following method: putting the livestock manure into a microbial pretreatment pool, adding EM bacterial liquid accounting for 1/500-1/700 of the mass of the livestock manure, and then adjusting the pH value to 5-7 to obtain pretreated mixed manure; then transferring into a fermentation methane tank, and fermenting for 2-3 days at 25-28 deg.C.
The application also provides a method for preparing the organic fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
(1) fermentation: adding EM microbial inoculum with the weight part of 0.1-0.3 times of that of the extract of the green tangerine orange peel of the macadimia nut to obtain a fermentation raw material; fermenting the fermentation raw material at 25-26 deg.C for 2-3 days, fermenting at 16-19 deg.C for 2-4 days, adding radix Carpesii extract, pericarpium Granati extract, fructus Cnidii extract and cortex Phellodendri extract, and fermenting at 31-33 deg.C for 3-5 days to obtain fermented extract;
(2) mixing materials: adding bean dregs, corncob powder and fermented livestock manure into the fermented extract obtained in the step (1), mixing, stacking into a pile, covering the material with rice straw, and standing for 1-2 days to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Further, after the straws are covered on the material in the step (2), the straws are lifted and turned over every 2 to 3 hours.
The application also comprises the application of the organic fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: before macadimia nut field planting, after a field planting hole is dug, the organic fertilizer is buried in the field planting hole, 1/2 field planting holes are filled with the organic fertilizer after macadimia nut field planting, and then a proper amount of soil is covered.
Further, the application also comprises applying the organic fertilizer around the roots of the macadimia nut plants every 5-7 months from the day of the macadimia nut colonization.
The invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the macadimia nut green husk matrix organic fertilizer is adopted, the macadimia nut green husk is taken as a main raw material, one purpose of the organic fertilizer is to realize the reutilization of wastes of macadimia nut peel, and researches show that the macadimia nut green husk extract has a certain inhibition effect on the growth of plants.
2. The organic fertilizer does not contain any chemical agent, is safe in components and friendly to soil, and the macadimia nuts obtained by cultivating the organic fertilizer grow well and are high in yield, and all qualities of the obtained macadimia nuts are good.
3. The macadimia nut green husk matrix organic fertilizer can provide nutrients for growth of macadimia nuts, can kill diseases and pests carried by soil, environment and the like, does not need additional pesticides, saves breeding cost, avoids pesticide residues generated by the nuts due to the use of chemical pesticides, and avoids soil pollution; the fertilizer has multiple effects and good application prospect.
4. According to the application, the extract of the green tangerine orange peel of the macadimia nut is fermented by adopting EM (effective microorganisms) which is divided into three temperature stages, wherein the first stage is fermented at 25-26 ℃ for 2-3 days, the second stage is fermented at 16-19 ℃ for 2-4 days, the EM can still keep good growth rate in the fermentation process of the two stages, so that the acid production capacity is stronger and stronger in the low-temperature fermentation process of the first two stages, then the celestial extract, the pomegranate rind extract, the fructus cnidii extract and the cortex phellodendri extract are added into the fermented material after the two times of fermentation, the fermentation is carried out at 31-33 ℃ for 3-5 days, and when the temperature is raised for fermentation in the third stage, on one hand, the components which can inhibit the growth of plants in the green tangerine orange peel of the macadimia nut can be decomposed through fermentation, or the components can be converted into active components which can promote the growth of the macadimia nut, on the other hand, more generated organic acids can inhibit and even kill germs, in addition, the traditional Chinese medicine extract is added, firstly, the effects of sterilization and deinsectization can be further realized, the traditional Chinese medicine extract has the effects of sterilization and disease prevention, and secondly, the fermentation effect of EM bacteria on the extract of the green tangerine orange peel of the macadimia nut can be further promoted, so that effective components which are beneficial to plant growth in the extract of the green tangerine orange peel of the macadimia nut can be fully excited; the traditional Chinese medicine additive is preferably obtained by the applicant through a plurality of tests, and the applicant tests show that the traditional Chinese medicine has different influences on the growth of the EM microbial inoculum, including inhibition/promotion effects, so that the inventor conducts a plurality of times to finally find the traditional Chinese medicine composition: the carpesium abrotanoides extract, the pomegranate bark extract, the fructus cnidii extract and the cortex phellodendri extract can improve the activity of the strain and promote the growth of EM strain, thereby improving the fermentation effect.
5. This application uses gained fertilizer before the field planting of Australian nut, after digging the field planting cave, will the fertilizer buries in the field planting cave to will behind the field planting of Australian nut 1/2's field planting cave is filled up to the fertilizer, covers proper amount earth after that, so, can fully kill the disease of sapling root, has avoided the emergence of fruit tree disease from the root cause.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract) is merely an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless explicitly described as such.
Example 1:
the raw materials of the macadimia nut green husk matrix organic fertilizer are as follows:
the embodiment provides a macadimia nut green husk matrix organic fertilizer which mainly comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of bean dregs, 18 parts of corncob powder, 8 parts of fermented livestock manure, 40 parts of macadamia nut green husk extract, 3 parts of EM microbial inoculum, 3 parts of Carex extract, 2 parts of pomegranate bark extract, 1 part of fructus cnidii extract and 4 parts of cortex phellodendri extract;
wherein the extract of the green tangerine orange peel of the macadimia nut is obtained by the following method: collecting green peel of macadimia nut, cleaning the green peel with running water, crushing the green peel of the macadimia nut, putting the crushed green peel into a leaching tank, extracting the crushed green peel of the macadimia nut with water for 12 hours, and filtering the water to obtain water extract; then leaching the filter residue with 75% ethanol by volume for 10 hours, filtering to obtain ethanol leaching liquor, and mixing the water leaching liquor and the ethanol leaching liquor to obtain the extract of the green tangerine orange peel of the macadimia nut;
the radix Carpesii extract, pericarpium Granati extract, fructus Cnidii extract and cortex Phellodendri extract are obtained by extracting with ethanol; the specific alcohol extraction method comprises the following steps: adding 75% ethanol into the raw materials (radix Carpesii/pericarpium Granati/fructus Cnidii/cortex Phellodendri) at a ratio of 1:4, respectively, extracting at 55 deg.C for 100min, concentrating the extractive solution to 1/6 of the original volume, and cooling to room temperature to obtain ethanol extract of each raw material;
the fermented livestock and poultry manure is obtained by the following method: putting the livestock manure into a microbial pretreatment pool, adding EM bacterial liquid accounting for 1/500 of the mass of the livestock manure, and then adjusting the pH value to 5 to obtain pretreated mixed manure; then transferring the mixture into a fermentation methane tank, and fermenting for 2 days at the temperature of 25 ℃.
Example 2:
the macadimia nut green husk matrix organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials:
the embodiment provides a macadimia nut green husk matrix organic fertilizer which mainly comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of bean dregs, 23 parts of corncob powder, 12 parts of fermented livestock manure, 45 parts of macadamia nut green husk extract, 4 parts of EM microbial inoculum, 6 parts of Carex extract, 3 parts of pomegranate bark extract, 2 parts of fructus cnidii extract and 5 parts of cortex phellodendri extract;
wherein the extract of the green tangerine orange peel of the macadimia nut is obtained by the following method: collecting macadimia nut green peel, cleaning the macadimia nut green peel by using running water, crushing the macadimia nut green peel, putting the crushed macadimia nut green peel into a leaching tank, extracting the crushed macadimia nut green peel with water for 16 hours, and filtering the water to obtain water extract; leaching the filter residue with 75% ethanol for 12 hr, filtering to obtain ethanol leaching solution, and mixing the water leaching solution and the ethanol leaching solution to obtain macadimia nut green husk extract;
the radix Carpesii extract, pericarpium Granati extract, fructus Cnidii extract and cortex Phellodendri extract are obtained by extracting with ethanol; the specific alcohol extraction method comprises the following steps: adding 75% ethanol into the raw materials (radix Carpesii/pericarpium Granati/fructus Cnidii/cortex Phellodendri) at a ratio of 1:4, respectively, extracting at 55 deg.C for 100min, concentrating the extractive solution to 1/6 of the original volume, and cooling to room temperature to obtain ethanol extract of each raw material;
the fermented livestock manure is obtained by the following method: putting the livestock manure into a microbial pretreatment pool, adding EM bacterial liquid accounting for 1/600 of the mass of the livestock manure, and then adjusting the pH value to 6 to obtain pretreated mixed manure; then transferring the mixture into a fermentation methane tank, and fermenting for 2 days at the temperature of 26 ℃.
Example 3:
the raw materials of the macadimia nut green husk matrix organic fertilizer are as follows:
the embodiment provides a macadimia nut green husk matrix organic fertilizer which mainly comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of bean dregs, 28 parts of corncob powder, 15 parts of fermented livestock manure, 50 parts of macadamia nut green husk extract, 5 parts of EM microbial inoculum, 3-8 parts of Carex extract, 4 parts of pomegranate bark extract, 3 parts of fructus cnidii extract and 6 parts of cortex phellodendri extract;
wherein the extract of the green tangerine orange peel of the macadimia nut is obtained by the following method: collecting green peel of macadimia nut, cleaning the green peel with running water, crushing the green peel of the macadimia nut, putting the crushed green peel into a leaching tank, extracting the crushed green peel of the macadimia nut with water for 20 hours, and filtering the water to obtain water extract; leaching the filter residue with 75% ethanol by volume for 15 hours, filtering to obtain ethanol leaching liquor, and mixing the water leaching liquor and the ethanol leaching liquor to obtain a macadimia nut green husk extract;
the radix Carpesii extract, pericarpium Granati extract, fructus Cnidii extract and cortex Phellodendri extract are obtained by extracting with ethanol; the specific alcohol extraction method comprises the following steps: adding 75% ethanol into the raw materials (radix Carpesii/pericarpium Granati/fructus Cnidii/cortex Phellodendri) at a ratio of 1:4, respectively, extracting at 55 deg.C for 100min, concentrating the extractive solution to 1/6, and cooling to room temperature to obtain ethanol extract of each raw material;
the fermented livestock manure is obtained by the following method: putting the livestock manure into a microbial pretreatment pool, adding EM bacterial liquid accounting for 1/700 of the mass of the livestock manure, and then adjusting the pH value to 7 to obtain pretreated mixed manure; then transferring the mixture into a fermentation methane tank, and fermenting for 3 days at the temperature of 28 ℃.
Example 4:
the preparation method of the macadimia nut green husk matrix organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
the embodiment provides a preparation method of an organic fertilizer with macadimia nut green husk matrix, wherein the organic fertilizer raw materials are the same as those of the organic fertilizer raw materials in embodiment 2, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) fermentation: adding 0.1 times of EM microbial inoculum in weight part into the extract of the green tangerine orange peel of the macadimia nut to obtain a fermentation raw material; then fermenting the fermentation raw material at 25 deg.C for 2 days, fermenting at 16 deg.C for 2 days, adding radix Carpesii extract, pericarpium Granati extract, fructus Cnidii extract and cortex Phellodendri extract into the fermented material, and fermenting at 31 deg.C for 3 days to obtain fermented extract;
(2) mixing materials: adding bean dregs, corncob powder and fermented livestock manure into the fermented extract obtained in the step (1), mixing, stacking into a pile, covering the material with rice straw, and standing for 1 day to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Example 5:
the preparation method of the macadimia nut green husk matrix organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
the embodiment provides a preparation method of an organic fertilizer with macadimia nut green husk matrix, wherein the organic fertilizer raw materials are the same as those of the organic fertilizer raw materials in embodiment 2, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) fermentation: adding 0.2 times of EM microbial inoculum in weight part into the extract of the green tangerine orange peel of the macadimia nut to obtain a fermentation raw material; then fermenting the fermentation raw material at 25 deg.C for 3 days, fermenting at 18 deg.C for 3 days, adding radix Carpesii extract, pericarpium Granati extract, fructus Cnidii extract and cortex Phellodendri extract into the fermented material, and fermenting at 32 deg.C for 4 days to obtain fermented extract;
(2) mixing materials: adding bean dregs, corncob powder and fermented livestock manure into the fermented extract obtained in the step (1), mixing, stacking into a pile, covering the material with rice straw, and standing for 1 day to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Example 6:
the preparation method of the macadimia nut green husk matrix organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
the embodiment provides a preparation method of an organic fertilizer with macadimia nut green husk matrix, wherein the organic fertilizer raw materials are the same as those of the organic fertilizer raw materials in embodiment 2, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) fermentation: adding 0.3 times of EM microbial inoculum by weight of the extract of the green tangerine orange peel of the macadimia nut to obtain a fermentation raw material; then fermenting the fermentation raw material at 26 deg.C for 3 days, fermenting at 19 deg.C for 4 days, adding radix Carpesii extract, pericarpium Granati extract, fructus Cnidii extract and cortex Phellodendri extract into the fermented material, and fermenting at 33 deg.C for 5 days to obtain fermented extract;
(2) mixing materials: adding bean dregs, corncob powder and fermented livestock manure into the fermented extract obtained in the step (1), mixing, stacking into a pile, covering the material with rice straw, and standing for 2 days to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Example 7:
this embodiment provides an application of an organic fertilizer, where the organic fertilizer is prepared in the manner described in any one of embodiments 4 to 6, and the application includes: (1) digging a planting hole before planting macadimia nuts, burying the organic fertilizer into the planting hole, filling 1/2 planting holes with the organic fertilizer after planting the macadimia nuts, and then covering a proper amount of soil; (2) the organic fertilizer is applied around the roots of macadamia nut plants every 5-7 months from the day of macadamia nut colonization.
Effect verification:
in order to verify the practical value of the application, the applicant carries out a plurality of batches of experiments before the application date, and finds that the extract of the green tangerine orange peel of the macadimia nut has good insecticidal activity, but the insecticidal effect of the extract is single, and only part of insect pests can be killed, more importantly, the extract of the green tangerine orange peel of the macadimia nut has an inhibition effect on the growth of the macadimia nut fruit tree besides the insecticidal effect of the extract, so that how to effectively utilize the extract of the green tangerine orange peel of the macadimia nut is the general purpose of all the following experiments of the applicant, and the experiments comprise:
test one: testing the influence of the extract of green tangerine peel of macadimia nut on the growth of macadimia nut trees
The test is divided into the following groups, 20 macadimia nut tree seedlings with the same and healthy growth conditions are tested in each group, the following macadimia nut green husk extracts are adopted to fertilize the fixedly planted macadimia nut tree seedlings, and the fertilization mode is that the macadimia nut green husk extracts are uniformly sprayed along the periphery of the tree seedlings:
a first group: the group of macadimia nut green husk extracts is obtained by the following method: collecting green husks of macadimia nuts, cleaning the green husks with running water, crushing the green husks of the macadimia nuts, putting the crushed green husks of the macadimia nuts into a leaching tank, extracting the crushed green husks of the macadimia nuts with water for 16 hours, and filtering the crushed green husks of the macadimia nuts to obtain water extract; leaching the filter residue with 75% ethanol for 12 hr, filtering to obtain ethanol leaching solution, and mixing the water leaching solution and the ethanol leaching solution to obtain macadimia nut green husk extract;
second group: the group of macadimia nut green husk extracts is obtained by the following method: collecting green husks of macadimia nuts, cleaning the green husks with running water, crushing the green husks of the macadimia nuts, putting the crushed green husks of the macadimia nuts into a leaching tank, extracting the crushed green husks of the macadimia nuts with water for 16 hours, and filtering the crushed green husks of the macadimia nuts to obtain an extract of the green husks of the macadimia nuts;
third group: the group of macadimia nut green husk extracts is obtained by the following method: collecting macadimia nut green husks, cleaning the macadimia nut green husks with running water, crushing the macadimia nut green husks, putting the crushed macadimia nut green husks into a leaching tank, leaching the crushed macadimia nut green husks for 12 hours by using 75% ethanol in volume concentration, filtering the leached solution to obtain ethanol leaching liquor, and mixing the water leaching liquor and the ethanol leaching liquor to obtain a macadimia nut green husk extract;
and a fourth group: the extract of green tangerine orange peel of macadimia nut is obtained by the following method: collecting macadimia nut green peel, cleaning the macadimia nut green peel by using running water, crushing the macadimia nut green peel, putting the crushed macadimia nut green peel into a leaching tank, extracting the crushed macadimia nut green peel with water for 16 hours, and filtering the water to obtain water extract; leaching the filter residue with 75% ethanol for 12 hr, filtering to obtain ethanol leaching solution, and mixing the water leaching solution and the ethanol leaching solution to obtain macadimia nut green husk extract; then, fermenting the extract of the green tangerine orange peel of the macadimia nut by adopting the mode described in the embodiment 5 to obtain a fermented product which is the extract of the green tangerine orange peel of the macadimia nut of the group;
and a fifth group: different from the fourth group, the carpesium abrotanoides extract, the pomegranate rind extract, the fructus cnidii extract and the cortex phellodendri extract are removed, and other modes are the same as the fourth group;
a sixth group: blank control group: replacing the extract of green tangerine peel of macadamia nut with water.
The above groups were tested for seedling growth in the same manner except that the macadamia nut green husk extract was prepared in a different manner and is reported in table 1:
wherein, the root depth difference is: root system depth after planting for 1 month-root system depth at planting time;
the width difference of the saplings is as follows: width of the sapling after planting for 1 month-width of the sapling at the time of field planting;
the height difference of the saplings is as follows: height of the seedling after planting for 1 month-height of the seedling at the time of field planting;
the three indexes are the average value of 20 seedlings.
TABLE 1 growth of Australian nut trees in each group
As can be seen from the results in table 1, the first to third groups of the extract of green husk of macadimia nut all have inhibitory effect on the growth of macadimia nut trees, which indicates that the extract of green husk of macadimia nut, even if it has insecticidal effect or contains a large amount of organic matter, cannot be directly applied to the planting of macadimia nut trees, and after the fourth group is fermented by EM microbial inoculum and is matched with the fermentation treatment of the traditional Chinese medicine composition, the obtained extract of the green tangerine orange peel of the macadimia nut has no inhibition effect on the seedling of the macadimia nut but has promotion effect, therefore, the applicant uses the conclusion that the product obtained by subjecting the extract of green husk of macadimia nut to a series of treatments is applied to the planting of macadimia nuts, in addition, the EM microbial inoculum is used alone for fermentation, so that organic matters of the green tangerine orange peel extract of the macadimia nut cannot be fully exerted, and the compounded traditional Chinese medicine extract can bring unexpected effects.
And (2) test II: testing the influence of the traditional Chinese medicine components on the EM microbial inoculum:
according to the result of the first test, the applicant further discusses the influence of the traditional Chinese medicine extracting agent on the EM microbial inoculum, and the specific mode is as follows: aiming at the organic fertilizer described in the above embodiments 1-3, the influence of the traditional Chinese medicine components in the organic fertilizer on the EM microbial inoculum is mainly tested:
in the prior art, some traditional Chinese medicines have antibacterial effects and correspondingly may influence the growth of a microbial agent (EM microbial agent), so that the applicant selects a plurality of traditional Chinese medicines commonly used for planting in the prior art and tests the influence of the plurality of traditional Chinese medicines on the EM microbial agent, and the selected traditional Chinese medicine extracts comprise: radix Carpesii extract, pericarpium Granati extract, fructus Cnidii extract, cortex Phellodendri extract, fructus Schisandrae chinensis extract, folium Isatidis extract, and fructus Cannabis extract;
wherein, the extracts are all prepared by alcohol extraction, and the alcohol extraction method comprises the following steps: adding 75% ethanol into the raw materials (radix Carpesii/pericarpium Granati/fructus Cnidii/cortex Phellodendri/fructus Schisandrae chinensis/folium Isatidis/fructus Cannabis) at a ratio of 1:4, respectively, leaching at 55 deg.C for 100min, concentrating the leaching solution to 1/6 of the original volume, and cooling to room temperature to obtain ethanol extract of each raw material.
The extracts are respectively applied to the step (1) in the embodiment 5, namely after two times of fermentation, the extracts are respectively added and mixed, standing culture is carried out for 1h after mixing, and then the effective viable count of EM (effective microorganisms) in the materials before and after mixing is tested to judge the promotion/inhibition effect of the medicament on the growth of EM microbial inoculum; specifically, as shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2 influence of different Chinese medicinal activation media on effective viable count of EM microbial inoculum
As can be seen from table 2, the effective viable counts of EM bacteria were decreased without increasing the effective viable counts of the EM bacteria by adding the schisandra extract, isatis leaf extract, hemp seed extract, and carpesium abrotanoides extract, pomegranate rind extract, cnidium fruit extract, and phellodendron bark extract, all of which were able to increase the effective viable counts of the EM bacteria.
The results show that different traditional Chinese medicines have different effects on EM microbial inoculum, and the differences can be screened only through tests and cannot be reported only by documents, and the main reasons include: the prior art reports about traditional Chinese medicine bacteriostat, but actually, the traditional Chinese medicine with bacteriostasis capability reported in the prior art has different influences on the growth capability of different strains.
By combining the tests, the applicant adopts the carpesium abrotanoides extract, the pomegranate rind extract, the fructus cnidii extract and the cortex phellodendri extract as the raw materials of the organic fertilizer, the effect of the extract fermented by EM bacteria cannot be influenced, and the organic fertilizer can also have a certain insecticidal and bactericidal effect. The added traditional Chinese medicine extractant can improve the effective viable count of the EM microbial inoculum, so that the effective components in the green tangerine orange peel extract of the macadimia nuts can be more efficiently decomposed by the EM microbial inoculum to obtain organic matters which can be utilized by the macadimia nut fruit trees.
And (3) test III: testing the planting effect of the macadimia nuts under different treatment modes:
a first group: the organic fertilizer in the embodiment 5 of the application is adopted, and meanwhile, the fertilization mode in the embodiment 7 is adopted for fertilization;
second group: the fertilizing mode is changed to that the organic fertilizer is applied around the roots of the macadimia nuts every 5-7 months from the day of the field planting of the macadimia nuts, and other modes are the same as the first group;
third group: before applying the organic fertilizer, spraying a chemical insecticide near the roots of the plants to kill diseases, wherein other modes are the same as those of the first group;
and a fourth group: the fertilizer described in patent CN202010768909.7 is used to replace the organic fertilizer, and the other modes are the same as the first group;
a fifth group: the fermentation step was eliminated, and the other modes were the same as in the first group.
In addition to the differences noted above, the above-mentioned several groups of other planting operations and parameters were the same, and the growth status of macadamia nuts after harvest was recorded as follows:
TABLE 3 macadimia nut planting quality comparison table
As can be seen from the comparison of the data in the table 3, when the organic fertilizer disclosed by the invention is used, compared with conventional fertilizer planting, the disease rate is reduced, the acre yield is obviously improved, the growth effect in all aspects is very obvious, and the soil does not contain harmful components, so that the fertilizer is green, safe and harmless to the soil, can obtain obvious synergistic effect on common plant fungal diseases, prolongs the lasting period, and has a better effect on pathogenic bacteria with drug resistance.
In addition, according to the result of the fifth group, the first test result is combined, it is known that the green husk extract of macadimia nut, which is not subjected to the fermentation treatment of the application, can inhibit the growth of the macadimia nut, therefore, the application aims to solve the technical problem that how to scientifically and reasonably effectively treat the green husk extract of the macadimia nut to enable the green husk extract to be applied to the planting of the macadimia nut, and obtains the effect that after the pretreatment of the green husk extract of the macadimia nut is carried out by the method of the application, other organic fertilizer raw materials are compounded, the finally obtained fertilizer can effectively realize the nutrient supply to the macadimia nut, and meanwhile, the organic fertilizer has the effects of killing insects and sterilizing, and does not need to additionally apply insecticides in the planting process.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The macadimia nut green husk matrix organic fertilizer is characterized by mainly comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of bean dregs, 18-28 parts of corncob powder, 8-15 parts of fermented livestock manure, 40-50 parts of fermentation product, 3-5 parts of EM microbial inoculum, 3-8 parts of Carex extract, 2-4 parts of pomegranate bark extract, 1-3 parts of fructus cnidii extract and 4-6 parts of cortex phellodendri extract;
the fermentation product is obtained by the following method: collecting green peel of macadimia nut, cleaning the green peel with running water, crushing the green peel of the macadimia nut, putting the crushed green peel into a leaching tank, extracting the crushed green peel of the macadimia nut with water for 12 to 20 hours, and filtering the water to obtain water extract; then leaching the filter residue with 75% ethanol by volume for 10-15 hours, filtering to obtain ethanol leaching liquor, and mixing the water leaching liquor and the ethanol leaching liquor to obtain the extract of the green tangerine orange peel of the macadimia nut; adding 0.1-0.3 times of EM microbial inoculum by weight of the extract of the green tangerine orange peel of the macadimia nut to obtain a fermentation raw material; fermenting the fermentation raw material at 25-26 deg.C for 2-3 days, fermenting at 16-19 deg.C for 2-4 days, adding radix Carpesii extract, pericarpium Granati extract, fructus Cnidii extract and cortex Phellodendri extract, and fermenting at 31-33 deg.C for 3-5 days to obtain fermented product;
the Carpesium abrotanoides extract, the pomegranate bark extract, the fructus cnidii extract and the cortex phellodendri extract are all prepared by alcohol extraction.
2. The macadimia nut green husk matrix organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of bean dregs, 23 parts of corncob powder, 12 parts of fermented livestock and poultry manure, 45 parts of fermentation product, 4 parts of EM microbial inoculum, 6 parts of Carex extract, 3 parts of pomegranate bark extract, 2 parts of fructus cnidii extract and 5 parts of cortex phellodendri extract.
3. The macadimia nut green husk matrix organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fermented poultry and livestock manure is obtained by the following method: putting the livestock manure into a microbial pretreatment pool, adding EM bacterial liquid accounting for 1/500-1/700 of the mass of the livestock manure, and then adjusting the pH value to 5-7 to obtain pretreated mixed manure; then transferring into a fermentation methane tank, and fermenting for 2-3 days at 25-28 deg.C.
4. A method for preparing the organic fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting green peel of macadimia nut, cleaning the green peel with running water, crushing the green peel of the macadimia nut, putting the crushed green peel into a leaching tank, extracting the crushed green peel of the macadimia nut with water for 12 to 20 hours, and filtering the water to obtain water extract; then leaching the filter residue with 75% ethanol by volume for 10-15 hours, filtering to obtain ethanol leaching liquor, and mixing the water leaching liquor and the ethanol leaching liquor to obtain the extract of the green tangerine orange peel of the macadimia nut;
(2) fermentation: adding 0.2 times of EM microbial inoculum in weight part into the extract of the green tangerine orange peel of the macadimia nut to obtain a fermentation raw material; then fermenting the fermentation raw material at 25 deg.C for 3 days, fermenting at 18 deg.C for 3 days, adding radix Carpesii extract, pericarpium Granati extract, fructus Cnidii extract and cortex Phellodendri extract into the fermented material, and fermenting at 32 deg.C for 4 days to obtain fermented product;
(3) mixing materials: adding bean dregs, corncob powder and fermented livestock manure into the fermented extract obtained in the step (1), mixing, stacking into a pile, covering the material with rice straw, and standing for 1-2 days to obtain the organic fertilizer.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the step (2) is carried out by turning the straw into a pile every 2-3 hours after the straw is coated on the material.
6. The application of the organic fertilizer prepared by the method in claim 4, which comprises the following steps: before macadimia nut field planting, after a field planting hole is dug, the organic fertilizer is buried in the field planting hole, 1/2 field planting holes are filled with the organic fertilizer after macadimia nut field planting, and then a proper amount of soil is covered.
7. The use of claim 6, further comprising applying said organic fertilizer around the roots of macadamia nut plants every 5-7 months from the date of macadamia nut colonization.
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