CN108636995A - A method of improving ciliate desert-grass arsenic absorption efficiency - Google Patents
A method of improving ciliate desert-grass arsenic absorption efficiency Download PDFInfo
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- CN108636995A CN108636995A CN201810397988.8A CN201810397988A CN108636995A CN 108636995 A CN108636995 A CN 108636995A CN 201810397988 A CN201810397988 A CN 201810397988A CN 108636995 A CN108636995 A CN 108636995A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods improving ciliate desert-grass arsenic absorption efficiency, belong to soil pollution recovery technique field.This method is by being laid with water-keeping material, prevent soil water evaporation, in conjunction with the activator of screening, the regulation measures such as arsenic in soil activation are controlled by soil moisture, optimize the effective supply environment of arsenic in soil in ciliate desert-grass growth course, ciliate desert-grass is improved to the accumulation ability of arsenic in soil, a kind of new method is provided for As polluted soil phytoremediation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of soil remediation, and in particular to a kind of to improve arsenic pollution using water-keeping material, activator
In soil, method of the ciliate desert-grass to arsenic absorption efficiency.
Background technology
Arsenic (As) is a kind of chemical element being widespread in nature, and arsenic and its soluble compound have very strong poison
Property, the main component of extremely toxic substance arsenic (white arsenic) is As2O3.Arsenic can be connect by respiratory tract, food, drinking water or skin
It touches and enters human body, have prodigious harm to the mankind and animals and plants.Arsenic accumulation reaches a certain level in soil, soil can be caused to move back
The crop yield and quality decline, the arsenic into crops changed and grown can be detrimental to health by food chain.I
State is that arsenic pollution one of the countries with the most serious ..., group arsenic poisoning and arsenic pollution event happen occasionally in the world.
Heavy-metal contaminated soil tradition administration way is mainly engineering control measure and physical chemistry restorative procedure, but cost
Secondary pollution problem that is relatively high, big to environmental perturbation and being likely to cause soil, is not suitable for large area agricultural land soil
In recovery project.In recent years, it is considered as most having for heavy-metal contaminated soil reparation using Phytoremediation of Soils Contaminated by Heavy Metals
Efficacious prescriptions method cannot be only used for serious pollution area（Such as mine）The improvement reclaimed, can be additionally used in slight pollution soil, be a kind of clear
Clean, environmental type heavy-metal contaminated soil treatment technology；For other methods, secondary pollution caused by phytoremediation
It is small, and pollutant can be recycled, bring economic benefit.
It is a kind of Treatment process with development prospect to repair As polluted soil using arsenic super enriching plant ciliate desert-grass, but Wu
Centipede grass is in the wild far below the accumulation ability of arsenic the result of indoor growing.The arsenic content of ciliate desert-grass accessory pinna is up to when indoor growing
4384 mg·kg-1, and the arsenic content of leatherleaf is only 1850 mgkg under the natural growthing condition of field-1Although when artificial cultivation
The soil when soil of use and field investigation is all from same place, but arsenic content when indoor growing than field grown is high
More than 1 times.Thank to scape thousand et al. field in-situ immobilization test result, it was also found that ciliate desert-grass overground part arsenic content only reaches 1412 mg
kg-1.Compared with the accumulation ability of indoor ciliate desert-grass, in the wild during actual repair, accumulation ability of the ciliate desert-grass to arsenic in soil
Still there is the space of promotion.
During actual repair, the remediation efficiency that super enriching plant is improved by enhancements is that phytoremediation technology is answered
Important development direction.Enhancements are mainly realized by three approach：（1）Optimize plant itself by transgenic technology
Performance；（2）The biological effectiveness of heavy metal in soil is improved by the adjusting of Rhizosphere ecosystem environment；（3）By agronomy and
Management measure increases the biomass of super enriching plant and its to the absorption and accumulation of heavy metal.Actual repair process application at present
More enhancements are latter two approach, and the adjusting of wherein Rhizosphere ecosystem environment improves the biologically effective of heavy metal in soil
Property mainly pass through the addition of activator or soil moisture control.
For As polluted soil phytoremediation, it can change the occurrence patterns of arsenic in soil by adjusting root system of plant moisture, carry
The biological effectiveness of high arsenic in soil, and then improve absorbability of the plant to arsenic in soil.Ciliate desert-grass likes warm damp and half cloudy ring
Border, ciliate desert-grass root activity is higher under suitable soil moisture content, can promote accumulation ability of the ciliate desert-grass to arsenic.Liu Qiu is pungent et al.
By indoor pot, rainwater is artificially added, controls soil moisture content.It was found that soil moisture content is under the conditions of 35% ~ 45%, ciliate desert-grass
Remediation efficiency reach 4.48% ~ 5.00%, be significantly higher than other processing.
Ciliate desert-grass is promoted to absorb the method for arsenic in soil mainly by artificially adding rainwater regulation and control soil about soil moisture at present
Earth water content.In the wild in the repair process of field, mainly by natural precipitation or man-made irrigation in terms of water management, arid high
Warm season, rainfall is few, and rainfall is unstable, and natural precipitation is after 1 ~ 2 day, soil water evaporation to 20% hereinafter, soil oxidation
Reducing condition is not improved still in aerobic environment, the activity of arsenic, and then influences removal efficiency of the ciliate desert-grass to arsenic in soil；People
Work is irrigated since long-term flood irrigation can lead to saline Land, waste water resource, it is difficult to lasting to irrigate.Interior is by controlling the soil water
Divide raising ciliate desert-grass that can not be applied to specific crop field to the result of study of arsenic in soil accumulation ability to repair in practice.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome defect existing for above-mentioned technology, from the angle of practical application, propose a kind of
By being laid with water-keeping material, applying activator, optimization ciliate desert-grass absorbs soil arsenic environment, improves the skill that ciliate desert-grass absorbs arsenic efficiency
Art.The present invention reduces the evaporation of soil moisture by being laid with water-keeping material, and soil moisture is persistently maintained certain level, is promoted
Redox of soil condition improves the activity of arsenic in soil from aerobic environment to anaerobic reduction environmental transformation.By controlling soil
Earth moisture promotes the activator filtered out to be combined with soil colloid, with arsenic in soil competitive Adsorption point, is adsorbed on Polluted Soil
The arsenic of earth particle surface improves the bioavailability of arsenic in soil, and then improves the efficiency that ciliate desert-grass absorbs arsenic.
Specific technical solution is：A method of ciliate desert-grass arsenic absorption efficiency is improved, is included the following steps：
Step S1：1 month before ciliate desert-grass is transplanted, arsenic to be repaired is applied according to the activator for applying 50 ~ 150 kg per acre
Contaminated soil, application depth are 10 ~ 20 cm；To intending, rehabilitating soil progress is smooth, loosens the soil simultaneously, it is ensured that activator is mixed with soil
It is mixed even.
Step S2：Activator is laid with water-keeping material after applying 1 ~ 2 week；Ciliate desert-grass seedling replanting is reserved by certain distance between rows and hills
Cavities, distance between rows and hills are（20~40）cm×（20~40）cm.
Step S3：The ciliate desert-grass seedling for growing to 5-15 cm is transplanted by the planting density of spacing 20-40 cm to above-mentioned
In cavities reserved step S2, planting depth is 5-10 cm.
Step S4：When the overground part of ciliate desert-grass grows into 50 ~ 100 cm height, gathers in ciliate desert-grass overground part and make harmless
Change is handled.
Preferably, in the As polluted soil, arsenic concentration is 30 ~ 150 mgkg-1；I.e. arsenic concentration is more than national two level
1 ~ 5 times of soil of standard.
Preferably, before transplanting ciliate desert-grass seedling, 0 ~ 20 cm depth As polluted soils are turned over, ridging, ridge deep 20 ~ 25
Cm, 1 ~ 1.2 meter of row spacing.
Preferably, ciliate desert-grass seedling replanting selects annual 3 ~ April in As polluted soil；It is furthermore preferred that the Ching Ming Festival it is front and back.
Preferably, activator is spread fertilizer over the fields in the form of solid fertilizer.
Preferably, the hole of the transplanting ciliate desert-grass described in the step S2 is 2 × 2 cm sizes, leaks out ciliate desert-grass on the ground
Portion.
Preferably, the water-keeping material is polyethylene or polypropylene material；Selection color is black, monofilament width：1.8~
1.9 mm, monofilament 900 ~ 1200N/100 of pulling force g/m2, infiltration coefficient 10-3 cm/s。
Preferably, the activator meets total phosphorus content：10% ~ 60%, available phosphorus content：10 ~ 20%, calcium content：10%~
35%, pH：6.0~9.0.
It is furthermore preferred that being turned over to arsenic pollution farmland before transplanting ciliate desert-grass, and Activators Activators are uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields, within 1 week
It is laid with water-keeping material, the big osculums of 2 × 2 cm is cut in the place of plantation ciliate desert-grass, ciliate desert-grass overground part is kept to penetrate water-keeping material；
The Ching Ming Festival the front and back seedling by 5 ~ 15 cm according to 30 × 30 cm planting densities of line space transplanting with arsenic pollution agricultural land soil in,
Field is maintained normally to manage and protect.
According to an embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that applied using activator and water-keeping material is laid with collective effect and improves centipede
The method that grass absorbs arsenic in soil efficiency, activator dose are 50 kg mus-1, but it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that it is practical
The activator level of application is accurately not fully 50 kg mus-1, therefore apply on a small quantity or also belong to this more than the horizontal dosage
Within invention protection domain, and water-keeping material does not only have polypropylene material matter, other materials water-keeping material that soil water-containing can be improved
The material of rate also belongs within the scope of the present invention.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention：
The present invention provides a kind of method of raising ciliate desert-grass absorption arsenic in soil efficiency, using ciliate desert-grass as super enriching plant, by right
The dynamic monitoring in situ of ciliate desert-grass overground part arsenic enriched concentration, soil moisture, pH value, available state As concentration, research activator are applied
With the influence being laid with water-keeping material to ciliate desert-grass enrichment arsenic efficiency, the activator type selected in of the invention and water-keeping material
It is cheap, have the characteristics that reduce arsenic pollution farmland cost, improve phytoremediation efficiency, reparative potential is huge, application prospect
It is wide.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of process flow diagram flow chart improving ciliate desert-grass arsenic absorption efficiency method；
Fig. 2 is the influence for being laid with water-keeping material to soil moisture content；
Fig. 3 a, 3b, 3c are influence of the water-keeping material to soil available arsenic；
Fig. 4 a, 4b are influence of the different activators to soil available arsenic.
Specific implementation method
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, a specific embodiment is borrowed below, and with reference to attached
Figure, the present invention is described in more detail.As shown in Figure 1, a kind of side for improving ciliate desert-grass arsenic absorption efficiency of the present invention
Method, process in turn include the following steps：
Step S1：1 month before ciliate desert-grass is transplanted, arsenic to be repaired is applied according to the activator for applying 50 ~ 150 kg per acre
Contaminated soil, application depth are 10 ~ 20 cm；To intending, rehabilitating soil progress is smooth, loosens the soil simultaneously, it is ensured that activator is mixed with soil
It is mixed even.
Step S2：Activator is laid with water-keeping material after applying 1 ~ 2 week；Ciliate desert-grass seedling replanting is reserved by certain distance between rows and hills
Cavities, distance between rows and hills are（20~40）cm×（20~40）cm.
Step S3：The ciliate desert-grass seedling for growing to 5-15 cm is transplanted by the planting density of spacing 20-40 cm to above-mentioned
In cavities reserved step S2, planting depth is 5-10 cm.
Step S4：When the overground part of ciliate desert-grass grows into 50 ~ 100 cm height, gathers in ciliate desert-grass overground part and make harmless
Change is handled.
It is high enriching ciliate desert-grass kind for examination ciliate desert-grass kind, has the characteristics that biomass is big, arsenic accumulation ability is strong.
Four kinds of different type processing of experimental setup, respectively control treatment（CK）, activator 1（Total phosphorus content 15%, effectively
Phosphorus content 12%, calcium content 12%, pH 6.5）, activator 2（Total phosphorus content 55%, available phosphorus content 18%, calcium content 30%, pH
8.0）Three kinds of administration of activated agent processing, setting do not spread the two kinds of moisture regulation processing of water-keeping material and paving water-keeping material.Activator is applied
Dosage is 50 kg mus-1, 6 experiment process groups are set altogether.Each experiment group area is long × wide（15×6 m）, minizone
Using local typical ditch ridge cropping pattern, 6 ridges are shared in each cell, centipede grass planting spacing 30cm in each cell,
As shown in table 1.
1 experimental design of table
Experiment, which is set to, was arranged in Hunan As polluted soil reparation place on July 22, and in-situ acquisition centipede was pinpointed every 1 month
Grass and corresponding rhizosphere soil sample harvested ciliate desert-grass plant and corresponding pedotheque October 30, amount to 3 soil-likes of acquisition
Product.
1, sample collection
（1）Plant sample acquires
3 periods of plant sample acquisition point carry out, respectively ciliate desert-grass growth August, September, three periods of October, and each processing is former
Position acquisition ciliate desert-grass overground part and corresponding plant rhizosphere soil；Each experiment process acquires 4 samples, is taken back immediately after sampling
Plant is rinsed in laboratory well.
(2) pedotheque is collected
Arsenic and soil environment distribution situation at any time are absorbed to study ciliate desert-grass under different control methods, is grown respectively at ciliate desert-grass
August, September, in-situ acquisition in October correspond to ciliate desert-grass sample rhizosphere soil.
2, indices are measured
（1）Soil moisture content：The pedotheque acquired every time is weighed, and soil weight in wet base is obtained, and is all put into freeze-drying
Measurement soil dry weight after drying in machine, soil moisture content=（Soil weight in wet base-soil dry weight）/ (soil dry weight-sampler bag quality) ×
100%。
（3）Soil As concentration：0.2 g of rhizosphere soil sieved with 100 mesh sieve is weighed, is cleared up using nitric acid-hydrogen peroxide method
(USEPA 3050B), the sample dilution cleared up are settled to 50 mL, and setting blank carries out chemical quality control with standard specimen.Using
Atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry（Sea light AFS-9800）Measured concentration.
（4）Soil available As concentration：It weighs 5.00 g and crosses 20 mesh sieve pedotheque, soil ratio 1:10 are added 50 mL
0.5 mol·L-1 NaHCO3(pH=8.3) leaching liquor, it is 250 rmin that rotating speed is placed under the conditions of room temperature (25 ± 2 DEG C)-1It shakes
It swings and vibrates 2 h on machine, cross 0.45 μm of filter membrane, filtered liquid Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometer after oscillation immediately（Sea light
AFS-9800）Measure soil available As concentration.
（5）Plant As enriching quantities：The plant sample after 0.2 g is crushed is weighed, 10 mL nitric acid-perchloric acid (V/V=5 are added:
1) it is cleared up, the sample dilution cleared up is settled to 50 mL, and blank is arranged and carries out chemical quality control with standard specimen.Using
Atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry（Sea light AFS-9800）Measured concentration.
3, data statistic analysis
Test data is handled using Excel, SPSS16.0, Origin8.0 software and draws correlation graph, Multiple range test uses
Duncan is examined.
4, conclusion
Administration of activated agent 2 can significantly improve rhizosphere soil available state As concentration, grow 3 months（October）After administration of activated agent 2
Rhizosphere soil available state As concentration is up to 769.32 ± 11.23 μ gkg-1, improved compared with not applying activating agent experiment group
43.3%, facilitation is most notable；Being laid with water-keeping material can promote soil water content to increase, in 4 months growth courses, soil
Moisture content increases separately 11.11% ~ 21.24%（As shown in Figure 2）, soil available As concentration increase by 11.8% ~ 14.4%（Such as figure
Shown in 3a, 3b and 3c）.Administration of activated agent 2 and laying water-keeping material group ciliate desert-grass overground part As enriched concentrations are apparently higher than other
Experimental group, overground part As enriched concentrations reach as high as 1051.12 ± 84.07 mgkg-1, and do not apply the non-guarantee for a person given by a shopkeeper's water material of activator-
Material experimental group ciliate desert-grass enrichment As concentration is compared, and increases 79.59%；The centipede compared with applying the non-guarantee for a person given by a shopkeeper's water testing of materials group of activator-
Grass enrichment As concentration is compared, and increases 14.04%（As shown in Figs. 4a and 4b）.In conclusion the application of activator 2 and water-keeping material
It is the most notable to ciliate desert-grass absorption arsenic facilitation to be laid with combined regulating.
The present invention absorbs arsenic efficiency as target to improve ciliate desert-grass, it is proposed that applies and be laid with water conservation material using activator 2
Expect that collective effect improves the method that ciliate desert-grass absorbs arsenic efficiency.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is without being limited thereto, it is any ripe
Those skilled in the art are known in the technical scope of careless mistake of the present invention, the letter for the technical solution that can be become apparent to
In altered or the exposed protection scope of the present invention of equivalence replacement.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method improving ciliate desert-grass arsenic absorption efficiency, which is characterized in that this method comprises the following steps：
Step S1：1 month before ciliate desert-grass is transplanted, arsenic to be repaired is applied according to the activator for applying 50 ~ 150 kg per acre
Contaminated soil, application depth are 10 ~ 20 cm；To intending, rehabilitating soil progress is smooth, loosens the soil simultaneously, it is ensured that activator is mixed with soil
It is mixed even；
Step S2：Activator is laid with water-keeping material after applying 1 ~ 2 week；Ciliate desert-grass seedling replanting cave is reserved by certain distance between rows and hills
Hole, distance between rows and hills are（20~40）cm×（20~40）cm；
Step S3：In the cavities that the ciliate desert-grass seedling replanting for growing to 5-15 cm is reserved to above-mentioned steps S2, planting depth is
5-10 cm；
Step S4：When the overground part of ciliate desert-grass grows into 50 ~ 100 cm height, gathers in ciliate desert-grass overground part and make innoxious place
Reason.
2. a kind of method improving ciliate desert-grass arsenic absorption efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The arsenic is dirty
It contaminates in soil, arsenic concentration is 30 ~ 150 mgkg-1。
3. a kind of method improving ciliate desert-grass arsenic absorption efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Transplant ciliate desert-grass
Before seedling, 0 ~ 20 cm depth As polluted soils are turned over, ridging, deep 20 ~ 25 cm in ridge, 1 ~ 1.2 meter of row spacing.
4. a kind of method improving ciliate desert-grass arsenic absorption efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Ciliate desert-grass seedling
It transplants and selects annual 3 ~ April in As polluted soil.
5. a kind of method improving ciliate desert-grass arsenic absorption efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Activator is with solid
Body fertilizer form is spread fertilizer over the fields.
6. a kind of method improving ciliate desert-grass arsenic absorption efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step s 2
The hole of the transplanting ciliate desert-grass is 2 × 2 cm sizes.
7. a kind of method improving ciliate desert-grass arsenic absorption efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The water conservation
Material is polyethylene or polypropylene material.
8. a kind of method improving ciliate desert-grass arsenic absorption efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The activator
Meet：Total phosphorus content 10% ~ 60%, available phosphorus content 10 ~ 20%, calcium content 10% ~ 35%, pH 6.0 ~ 9.0.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110918638A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-03-27 | 湖南超富集生态科技有限公司 | Method for activating and repairing arsenic-polluted soil by using ciliate desert-grass |
| CN113141984A (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2021-07-23 | 南京大学 | Method for realizing soil remediation and safe production of swamp cabbage by combining ciliate desert-grass and foliage calcium spraying |
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| CN113141984A (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2021-07-23 | 南京大学 | Method for realizing soil remediation and safe production of swamp cabbage by combining ciliate desert-grass and foliage calcium spraying |
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