CN108623575B - 一种简单而有效的检测亚硫酸盐的荧光探针 - Google Patents

一种简单而有效的检测亚硫酸盐的荧光探针 Download PDF

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CN108623575B
CN108623575B CN201710169562.2A CN201710169562A CN108623575B CN 108623575 B CN108623575 B CN 108623575B CN 201710169562 A CN201710169562 A CN 201710169562A CN 108623575 B CN108623575 B CN 108623575B
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曹晓群
罗京
吉瑞雪
邢旭娇
刘爱坤
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Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于咔唑母体的用于检测亚硫酸盐的新型荧光探针,所述探针化学结构式如式(1)所示。本发明的荧光探针在PBS:DMF=1:1缓冲溶液体系中对亚硫酸盐具有独特的荧光选择性、较高的灵敏度及较强的抗其它离子干扰能力,具有巨大的应用前景。

Description

一种简单而有效的检测亚硫酸盐的荧光探针
技术领域
本发明涉及一种简单而有效的用于检测HSO3 -的荧光探针,具有咔唑-呋喃环结构。尤其涉及基于迈克尔加成机理导致荧光淬灭的HSO3 -探针及其应用;属于有机小分子荧光探针领域。
背景技术
亚硫酸盐广泛的应用于食品和饮料的添加剂中,因为它抑制细菌生长和防止霉变的能力。不管怎样,亚硫酸盐含量过高会导致一些人产生腹泻、低血压、过敏和哮喘等症状。在现代化工业生产进程中,工厂释放大量的亚硫酸盐引起严的环境问题。一些研究者已经证明,在细胞液和线粒体产生的亚硫酸盐可以调节心血管组织和功能,比如降血压、舒张血管、舒张心脏负性肌力作用。然而,不正常的内源性亚硫酸盐水平常常和神经性疾病和肺癌有关。因此,许多分析方法和技术被研制出并用于检测亚硫酸盐。荧光探针因为它的高灵敏度和分辨率,被用作实时检测和生物视觉感知。
目前,检测亚硫酸盐的方法包括光谱学法、电化学法、色谱分析法和毛细管电泳法。在它们当中,荧光光谱法因为其高选择性、低检测限、实时检测的特性被广泛应用。一般来说,检测亚硫酸盐的机理包括脱保护基、亲核加成反应和形成氢键。
最近,咔唑荧光团被引入到荧光探针用于检测离子。基于咔唑母体的荧光传感器来检测亚硫酸盐越来越受人们关注。在这项研究中,我们设计合成了一个检测HSO3 -的荧光探针,它由N-丙基吗啉咔唑醛和2-(3-氰基-4,5,5-三甲基呋喃)丙二腈分子组成。探针可以在PBS:DMF=1:1缓冲体系中通过迈克尔加成反应导致荧光淬灭选择性的检测HSO3 -。此外,该探针可以应用于干白葡萄酒中HSO3 -的检测。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明一是要提供一种简单有效的基于咔唑母体的淬灭型荧光探针,具有选择性高,检测限低的特点。二是提供该探针的制备方法。三是提供该探针在干白葡萄酒HSO3 -检测方面的应用。
本发明的技术方案是:一种简单有效的基于咔唑母体的HSO3 -荧光探针,其化学结构如下式所示。
Figure 409047DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(PML)
本发明还包括基于咔唑母体的亚硫酸盐荧光探针的应用,式(1)化合物在PBS:DMF=1:1溶液体系中对HSO3 -具有特异的荧光选择性。
本发明还包括基于咔唑母体的HSO3 -荧光探针的合成方法,在无水乙醇溶液中,将N-丙基吗啉咔唑醛和呋喃环分子按照1:1投料比例,回流反应3 h,得到探针化合物PML。
本发明所述的淬灭型检测HSO3 -荧光探针的应用。
配制上述咔唑母体的HSO3 -荧光探针的PBS:DMF=1:1溶液,分别加入定量的Br-,CH3COO-, ClO-, CO3 2-, F-, H2O2, H2S, HCO3 -, HSO3 -, I-, SO3 2-, GSH, Hcy, Cys的水溶液,通过荧光光谱测试来研究对不同离子的选择性,测其在618 nm荧光发射强度变化发现:本发明所述基于咔唑母体的淬灭型荧光探针即式(1)化合物对HSO3 -有独特的荧光选择性,如图1所示。随着HSO3 -的不断加入,化合物在618 nm处荧光强度明显降低,可见光下颜色也由红色变为无色,如图2所示。因此,咔唑母体的淬灭型荧光探针具有巨大的应用。在溶液体系中,pH也是一个重要的参数。我们测试了不同pH条件下对荧光探针强度的影响,研究表明,在pH 6.0-9.0时,荧光探针对HSO3 -的响应比较稳定,如图3所示。
本发明提供了一种咔唑母体的HSO3 -型荧光探针,实验证明本发明所述式(1)化合物可与HSO3 -在PBS:DMF=1:1溶液中发生以化学计量比1:1反应,在反应过程中,HSO3 -与双键发生迈克尔加成反应,使共轭体系发生改变而阻止能量传递,导致化合物在618 nm处荧光强度明显降低。由此可证实本发明所述式(1)化合物在PBS:DMF=1:1溶液中对HSO3 -有特异的荧光选择性、较高的灵敏度及较强的抗其它离子干扰能力,具有巨大的应用前景。
附图说明
图1:式(1)化合物(5 μM)的PBS:DMF=1:1溶液中加入等当量的不同离子后的荧光强度变化比例柱状图,图1中纵坐标为618 nm处的荧光强度。(λex = 515 nm, slit: 4 nm/12 nm)
图2:式(1)化合物(5 μM)的PBS:DMF=1:1溶液中进行HSO3 -荧光滴定图。图中Fluorescence intensity为荧光强度,Wavelength为波长,eq为倍数。
图3:式(1)化合物(5 μM)在加或不加HSO3 -的情况下,pH对响应的影响。
图4是式(1)化合物利用内加和外加法来检测干白葡萄酒中HSO3 -含量的回收率。
图5是式(1)化合物合成方法反应式图。
具体实施方式
实施例1:式(1)化合物的合成方案如下式所示:
Figure 866574DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
具体合成步骤如下:
化合物2可以通过在文献中的方法由化合物1和1,3-二溴丙烷反应合成。
DMF(4 ml),POCl3(4 ml)冰浴搅拌0.5 h,将化合物2溶解到5 ml的1,2-二氯乙烷中,然后加入到冰浴混合液中,回流反应2 h并冷却至室温。将所得溶液倒入到150 ml水中,用CH2Cl2(150 ml)萃取三次,收集有机相,干燥,浓缩,然后通过柱色谱纯化(硅胶,石油醚/乙酸乙酯= 6:1,v/v)得到化合物3的白色固体,收率63.5 %。熔点:248-251 ℃。
化合物3 (0.2 g, 0.6 mmol),吗啉(0.15 g, 1.8 mmol),K2CO3 (60 mg, 0.43mmol)溶解到20 ml乙腈中,回流反应3 h,TLC指示终点,将粗产物用二氯甲烷和水萃取,收集有机相,干燥,浓缩,得到乳白色固体化合物4,粗收率73.1 %。
化合物4(85 mg, 0.26 mmol),2-(3-氰基-4,5,5-三甲基呋喃)丙二腈(85 mg,0.42 mmol)溶解到15 ml无水乙醇中,回流反应3 h,固体析出,过滤洗涤,干燥称重,得到化合物PML的红色固体。收率76.9 %。熔点:239-242 ℃。
核磁共振氢谱测定:1HNMR (DMSO-d 6 ,300 MHz) δ (ppm) = 8.80 (s, 1H), 8.28(d, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), 8.22(d, J = 16.2 Hz, 1H), 8.10 (dd, J = 1.5 Hz, J = 1.2Hz, 1H), 7.80 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.56 (t, J = 7.2Hz, 1H), 7.34 (q, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 4.53 (t, J = 6.3 Hz, 2H), 3.55 (t, J = 4.2Hz, 4H), 2.23 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 6H), 2.06 (q, J = 18.0 Hz, 2H), 1.84 (s, 6H)。
核磁共振碳谱测定13C NMR (DMSO-d 6, 75 MHz), δ (ppm) = 25.41, 25.90(2C), 53.47, 53.64 (2C), 55.29, 66.59 (2C), 96.41, 99.43, 110.77, 111.01,111.88, 112.35, 112.65, 113.48, 120.74, 121.28, 122.74, 123.55, 124.21,126.03, 127.20, 128.10, 141.31, 143.50, 1 50.36 (2C), 176.27, 177.80。
红外光谱测定 (KBr), υ/cm-1: 3446, 2929, 2862, 2818, 2775, 2226, 1631,1555, 1375, 1296, 1211, 1140, 964, 755。
质谱测定[M+H]+: calcd for C31H30N5O2, 504.2400, found 504.2339。
实施例2:
向式(1)化合物(5 μM)的PBS:DMF=1:1溶液,分别加入定量的Br-, CH3COO-, ClO-,CO3 2-, F-, H2O2, H2S, HCO3 -, HSO3 -, I-, SO3 2-, GSH, Hcy, Cys的后,测其在618 nm荧光发射强度变化发现:式(1)化合物对HSO3 -有独特的荧光选择性,如图1所示。
实施例3:
向式(1)化合物(5 μM)的PBS:DMF=1:1溶液,分别加入不同当量的HSO3 -后,测其在618 nm荧光发射强度变化,式(1)化合物对不同浓度的HSO3 -表现出良好的线性关系,如图2所示。
实施例4:
向式(1)化合物(5 μM)不同pH的PBS:DMF=1:1 溶液,分别加入等当量的HSO3 -后,测其在618 nm荧光强度变化,显示pH 6.0-9.0表现出较好的稳定性,如图3所示。
实施例5:
为了进一步探索探针在实际中应用,我们用探针来检测干白葡萄酒中的HSO3 -含量,和PBS:DMF=1:1溶液体系相比,葡萄酒有更多的干扰离子,较差的缓冲能力,我们用内加和外加法来检测干白葡萄酒中的HSO3 -含量,具有较好的回收率,如图4所示。

Claims (2)

1.一种检测亚硫酸盐的荧光探针,其特征在于,所述荧光探针基于咔唑母体,化合物的化学结构式如下所示:
Figure FDA0002199999250000011
2.根据权利要求1所述荧光探针的合成方法,其特征在于,在乙醇溶液中,将N-丙基吗啉咔唑醛和2-(3-氰基-4,5,5-三甲基呋喃)丙二腈按照摩尔比13:21投料比例,在氮气保护条件下,回流反应3小时,得到最终化合物。
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