CN108605840A - Icy hybridizes the inoculation method of apple with the new Red Star in the U.S. - Google Patents
Icy hybridizes the inoculation method of apple with the new Red Star in the U.S. Download PDFInfo
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- CN108605840A CN108605840A CN201810315767.1A CN201810315767A CN108605840A CN 108605840 A CN108605840 A CN 108605840A CN 201810315767 A CN201810315767 A CN 201810315767A CN 108605840 A CN108605840 A CN 108605840A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
A kind of icy hybridizes the inoculation method of apple with the new Red Star in the U.S., belong to the breeding technique field of fruit new varieties, the present invention cultivates nutritional ingredient height and mouthfeel more preferably new varieties by being hybridized icy apple tree and U.S.'s Starkrimson Apple Trees, hybrid seed takes the inoculation method for helping that straight center is dry, inhibits major branch growth, the trimming of auxiliary support branch and the growth of regulation and control tree when transplanting, the yield that apple tree can be effectively improved, the high mouthfeel simultaneously of apple tree yield cultivated using this method are all good.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the breeding technique fields of fruit new varieties, and in particular to a kind of icy hybridizes apple with the new Red Star in the U.S.
The inoculation method of fruit.
Background technology
Apple is the maximum fruit tree species of northern China cultivated area, and it is the first that yield and area occupy national fruit.Product
Kind improvement is significant to apple production.Fruit quality is the primary goal of apple variety improvement.
Icy Apple color is gorgeous, fruit shape is rectified, fruit is neat, high yield high yield, resistance, maturity period are moderate, comprehensive
It is good to close character, is all good Mid-late ripening apple breeding of color, smell and taste, U.S. Starkrimson fruit face is dense red, beautiful in colour, fruit shape
High stake, five ribs protrude, and appearance is beautiful, sweet and dilitious.Therefore Huimin brachyplast is carried out hybridizing cultivation with the new Red Star in the U.S., to improve apple
The mouthfeel and nutritive value of fruit.
Invention content
Hybridize the cultivation side of apple with the new Red Star in the U.S. in view of this, it is necessary to provide a kind of icys of high nutrition high yield
Method specifically includes following steps：
（1）Hybridization pollination：More plants of icy apple trees and U.S.'s Starkrimson Apple Trees are chosen, is divided into two groups and is respectively labeled as icy apple
Fruit tree A groups, U.S.'s Starkrimson Apple Trees B groups, First Year is in icy apple tree and U.S.'s Starkrimson Apple Trees florescence, with icy
Apple tree A groups carry out hybridization pollination as male parent, U.S.'s Starkrimson Apple Trees B groups as maternal；Choose U.S.'s Starkrimson
The top fruit branch of tree is female parent, and in initial bloom stage anther prematurity, the flower for carrying anther is removed in maternal fruit branch petal with tweezers folder
Silk retains gynoecium, and bagging isolation from bottom to top, and bag is interior, and there are gaps, and icy apple tree on grafting fruit branch is taken in bud stage
Pollen, dried under 35-37 DEG C of temperature condition, it is spare；The flower gynoecium maturity period pollinates on maternal fruit branch, takes and gets ready
Pollen, be coated on maternal pistil stigma, in one day interval pollination 2 times, the next day repeat pollinate after bagging isolation, pollinate 7-10
After it, bagging is removed；
（2）Fruit acquires：After First Year autumn U.S. Starkrimson fallen leaves, the fruit of U.S.'s Starkrimson is adopted down, is used
Woven bag is held, and woven bag is placed on outdoor and refrigerated by First Year winter；
（3）Presprouting of seeds：After the second year beginning of spring, autumn richness fruit is broken into pieces taking-up Apple Seeds, Apple Seeds, which are put into water temperature, is
Impregnate 2h in 40 DEG C of water, water poured out, with the sandy soil of moistening mix it is even be placed on shady spot's sand storage, carry out vernalization, while will take out
To promote seed hair as nutriment when presprouting of seeds in incorporation sandy soil after remaining pulp and pericarp after seed pulverize
Bud；
（4）Seeding and seedling raising：The Apple Seeds of sand storage are turned over one time every 5-8 days, when Apple Seeds show money or valuables one carries unintentionally germination more than 80%,
Apple Seeds are sown into big Tanaka and carry out transplanting emergence, select landform is flat, environmental pollution is small, soil pH 6.5 ~ 7.2 it is micro-
Plantation soil of the acid soil as apple tree, is transplanted, while being mixed into growth promoting substance in the soil of covering, by growth promotion
Substance is uniformly mixed with the soil of covering, is filled out and is covered in the top of Apple Seeds, transplants 83 per acre；
（5）Seedling management：Apple kind germinating to seedling wood, carries out final singling when apple nursery stock height reaches 10 centimetres, is opened after final singling
Begin every the 800 times of Fluoxastrobins of spray in 8-10 days to apple seedling, until stop-spraying when the height of apple seedling reaches 40 centimetres；In apple seedling height
When reaching 20 centimetres or more, start top dressing；
（6）Shaping and trimming：When apple branch trunk is grown to 2-3m, pruning, specific steps packet are carried out to apple branch
Include the growth for helping that straight center is dry, inhibits major branch growth, the trimming of auxiliary support branch and regulation and control tree；
It helps straight center to do step to specifically include：When First Year trunk height reaches 2-3m, the center for tilting and growing is stretched with rope and is done,
Stalwartness vertical growth is done in holding；
Major branch growth step is inhibited to specifically include：In the 3-4 months of the 2nd year phase of tree, the side strong to the growing way on apple tree treelet
Raw branch, is cut, light cutting back is done to center, again to promote apple sprout to grow tall；
The trimming of auxiliary support branch：Trimming for auxiliary support branch, except every year carry out cutting back in addition to, during treelet generally need not too many cutting back,
With light pruning or it is slow put instead of part cutting back, branch quantity controls the branch other than 45-55, major branch, all as auxiliary support branch
Processing, pulls into horizontal, sagging type by the strong prosperous branch in auxiliary support branch, inspires middle brachyplast.
Regulate and control the growth of tree：Cold region apple apple tree enters fruiting period in apple tree, big to forming the excessive result of bud
Nian Shu adjusts the fruiting amount of tree, prunes or cut the excessive fruitful branch of bud off, and the nutrient growth of tree and reproductive growth is made to keep steady
Allocate weighing apparatus.
Preferably, the growth promoting substance arrived used in seeding and seedling raising step includes 1 part of IBA indoles by weight
Butyric acid and 2 parts of NAA methyl α-naphthyl acetates further include 0.3 part of vitamin, 0.5 part of monosaccharide and 0.3 part of bleeding agent.
The present invention uses above-mentioned technical proposal, advantage to be：The present invention passes through icy apple tree and the U.S. is new
Starking Apple Tree is hybridized to cultivate nutritional ingredient height and mouthfeel more preferably new varieties, and hybrid seed is taken when transplanting to be helped directly
Center is dry, inhibits major branch growth, the trimming of auxiliary support branch and the inoculation method for regulating and controlling the growth set, and can effectively improve apple tree
Yield, the high mouthfeel simultaneously of apple tree yield cultivated using this method are all good.
Specific implementation mode
An embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of icys of high nutrition high yield to hybridize the cultivation side of apple with the new Red Star in the U.S.
Method specifically includes following steps：
（1）Hybridization pollination：More plants of icy apple trees and U.S.'s Starkrimson Apple Trees are chosen, is divided into two groups and is respectively labeled as icy apple
Fruit tree A groups, U.S.'s Starkrimson Apple Trees B groups, First Year is in icy apple tree and U.S.'s Starkrimson Apple Trees florescence, with icy
Apple tree A groups carry out hybridization pollination as male parent, U.S.'s Starkrimson Apple Trees B groups as maternal；Choose U.S.'s Starkrimson
The top fruit branch of tree is female parent, and in initial bloom stage anther prematurity, the flower for carrying anther is removed in maternal fruit branch petal with tweezers folder
Silk retains gynoecium, and bagging isolation from bottom to top, and bag is interior, and there are gaps, and icy apple tree on grafting fruit branch is taken in bud stage
Pollen, dried under 35-37 DEG C of temperature condition, it is spare；The flower gynoecium maturity period pollinates on maternal fruit branch, takes and gets ready
Pollen, be coated on maternal pistil stigma, in one day interval pollination 2 times, the next day repeat pollinate after bagging isolation, pollinate 7-10
After it, bagging is removed；
（2）Fruit acquires：After First Year autumn U.S. Starkrimson fallen leaves, the fruit of U.S.'s Starkrimson is adopted down, is used
Woven bag is held, and woven bag is placed on outdoor and refrigerated by First Year winter；
（3）Presprouting of seeds：After the second year beginning of spring, autumn richness fruit is broken into pieces taking-up Apple Seeds, Apple Seeds, which are put into water temperature, is
Impregnate 2h in 40 DEG C of water, water poured out, with the sandy soil of moistening mix it is even be placed on shady spot's sand storage, carry out vernalization, while will take out
To promote seed hair as nutriment when presprouting of seeds in incorporation sandy soil after remaining pulp and pericarp after seed pulverize
Bud；
（4）Seeding and seedling raising：The Apple Seeds of sand storage are turned over one time every 5-8 days, when Apple Seeds show money or valuables one carries unintentionally germination more than 80%,
Apple Seeds are sown into big Tanaka and carry out transplanting emergence, select landform is flat, environmental pollution is small, soil pH 6.5 ~ 7.2 it is micro-
Plantation soil of the acid soil as apple tree, is transplanted, while growth promoting substance is mixed into the soil of covering, growth-promoting surplus
Matter by weight include 1 part of IBA indolebutyric acids and 2 parts of NAA methyl α-naphthyl acetates, further include 0.3 part vitamin, 0.5 part
Growth promoting substance is uniformly mixed with the soil of covering, fills out and cover in the top of Apple Seeds, per acre by monosaccharide and 0.3 part of bleeding agent
Plant 83；
（5）Seedling management：Apple kind germinating to seedling wood, carries out final singling when apple nursery stock height reaches 10 centimetres, is opened after final singling
Begin every the 800 times of Fluoxastrobins of spray in 8-10 days to apple seedling, until stop-spraying when the height of apple seedling reaches 40 centimetres；In apple seedling height
When reaching 20 centimetres or more, start top dressing；
（6）Shaping and trimming：When apple branch trunk is grown to 2-3m, pruning, specific steps packet are carried out to apple branch
Include the growth for helping that straight center is dry, inhibits major branch growth, the trimming of auxiliary support branch and regulation and control tree；
It helps straight center to do step to specifically include：When First Year trunk height reaches 2-3m, the center for tilting and growing is stretched with rope and is done,
Stalwartness vertical growth is done in holding；
Major branch growth step is inhibited to specifically include：In the 3-4 months of the 2nd year phase of tree, the side strong to the growing way on apple tree treelet
Raw branch, is cut, light cutting back is done to center, again to promote apple sprout to grow tall；
The trimming of auxiliary support branch：Trimming for auxiliary support branch, except every year carry out cutting back in addition to, during treelet generally need not too many cutting back,
With light pruning or it is slow put instead of part cutting back, branch quantity controls the branch other than 45-55, major branch, all as auxiliary support branch
Processing, pulls into horizontal, sagging type by the strong prosperous branch in auxiliary support branch, inspires middle brachyplast.
Regulate and control the growth of tree：Cold region apple apple tree enters fruiting period in apple tree, big to forming the excessive result of bud
Nian Shu adjusts the fruiting amount of tree, prunes or cut the excessive fruitful branch of bud off, and the nutrient growth of tree and reproductive growth is made to keep steady
Allocate weighing apparatus.
The above disclosure is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, cannot limit the right model of the present invention with this certainly
It encloses, those skilled in the art can understand all or part of the processes for realizing the above embodiment, and is wanted according to right of the present invention
Equivalent variations made by asking, still belong to the scope covered by the invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of icy hybridizes the inoculation method of apple with the new Red Star in the U.S., it is characterised in that：Specifically include hybridization fruit-tree breeding
Two steps are planted with further expand；
Wherein hybridization fruit-tree breeding specifically includes following steps：
（1）Hybridization pollination：More plants of icy apple trees and U.S.'s Starkrimson Apple Trees are chosen, is divided into two groups and is respectively labeled as icy apple
Fruit tree A groups, U.S.'s Starkrimson Apple Trees B groups, First Year is in icy apple tree and U.S.'s Starkrimson Apple Trees florescence, with icy
Apple tree A groups carry out hybridization pollination as male parent, U.S.'s Starkrimson Apple Trees B groups as maternal；Choose U.S.'s Starkrimson
The top fruit branch of tree is female parent, and in initial bloom stage anther prematurity, the flower for carrying anther is removed in maternal fruit branch petal with tweezers folder
Silk retains gynoecium, and bagging isolation from bottom to top, and bag is interior, and there are gaps, and icy apple tree on grafting fruit branch is taken in bud stage
Pollen, dried under 35-37 DEG C of temperature condition, it is spare；The flower gynoecium maturity period pollinates on maternal fruit branch, takes and gets ready
Pollen, be coated on maternal pistil stigma, in one day interval pollination 2 times, the next day repeat pollinate after bagging isolation, pollinate 7-10
After it, bagging is removed；
（2）Fruit acquires：After First Year autumn U.S. Starkrimson fallen leaves, the fruit of U.S.'s Starkrimson is adopted down, is used
Woven bag is held, and woven bag is placed on outdoor and refrigerated by First Year winter；
（3）Presprouting of seeds：After the second year beginning of spring, autumn richness fruit is broken into pieces taking-up Apple Seeds, Apple Seeds, which are put into water temperature, is
Impregnate 2h in 40 DEG C of water, water poured out, with the sandy soil of moistening mix it is even be placed on shady spot's sand storage, carry out vernalization, while will take out
To promote seed hair as nutriment when presprouting of seeds in incorporation sandy soil after remaining pulp and pericarp after seed pulverize
Bud；
（4）Seeding and seedling raising：The Apple Seeds of sand storage are turned over one time every 5-8 days, when Apple Seeds show money or valuables one carries unintentionally germination more than 80%,
Apple Seeds are sown into big Tanaka and carry out transplanting emergence, select landform is flat, environmental pollution is small, soil pH 6.5 ~ 7.2 it is micro-
Plantation soil of the acid soil as apple tree, is transplanted, while being mixed into growth promoting substance in the soil of covering, by growth promotion
Substance is uniformly mixed with the soil of covering, is filled out and is covered in the top of Apple Seeds, transplants 83 per acre；
（5）Seedling management：Apple kind germinating to seedling wood, carries out final singling when apple nursery stock height reaches 10 centimetres, is opened after final singling
Begin every the 800 times of Fluoxastrobins of spray in 8-10 days to apple seedling, until stop-spraying when the height of apple seedling reaches 40 centimetres；In apple seedling height
When reaching 20 centimetres or more, start top dressing；
（6）Shaping and trimming：When apple branch trunk is grown to 2-3m, pruning, specific steps packet are carried out to apple branch
Include the growth for helping that straight center is dry, inhibits major branch growth, the trimming of auxiliary support branch and regulation and control tree；
It helps straight center to do step to specifically include：When First Year trunk height reaches 2-3m, the center for tilting and growing is stretched with rope and is done,
Stalwartness vertical growth is done in holding；
Major branch growth step is inhibited to specifically include：In the 3-4 months of the 2nd year phase of tree, the side strong to the growing way on apple tree treelet
Raw branch, is cut, light cutting back is done to center, again to promote apple sprout to grow tall；
The trimming of auxiliary support branch：Trimming for auxiliary support branch, except every year carry out cutting back in addition to, during treelet generally need not too many cutting back,
With light pruning or it is slow put instead of part cutting back, branch quantity controls the branch other than 45-55, major branch, all as auxiliary support branch
Processing, pulls into horizontal, sagging type by the strong prosperous branch in auxiliary support branch, inspires middle brachyplast.
Regulate and control the growth of tree：Cold region apple apple tree enters fruiting period in apple tree, the result good year excessive to forming bud
Tree, adjusts the fruiting amount of tree, prunes or cut the excessive fruitful branch of bud off, and the nutrient growth of tree and reproductive growth is made to keep stablizing
Balance.
2. icy as described in claim 1 hybridizes the inoculation method of apple with the new Red Star in the U.S., it is characterised in that：It is educated in sowing
The growth promoting substance arrived used in seedling step includes 1 part of IBA indolebutyric acids and 2 parts of NAA methyl α-naphthyl acetates by weight, is gone back
Including 0.3 part of vitamin, 0.5 part of monosaccharide and 0.3 part of bleeding agent.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810315767.1A CN108605840A (en) | 2018-04-10 | 2018-04-10 | Icy hybridizes the inoculation method of apple with the new Red Star in the U.S. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810315767.1A CN108605840A (en) | 2018-04-10 | 2018-04-10 | Icy hybridizes the inoculation method of apple with the new Red Star in the U.S. |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108605840A true CN108605840A (en) | 2018-10-02 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810315767.1A Pending CN108605840A (en) | 2018-04-10 | 2018-04-10 | Icy hybridizes the inoculation method of apple with the new Red Star in the U.S. |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102960239A (en) * | 2012-11-25 | 2013-03-13 | 于京香 | Cultivating method of red-flesh apples |
| CN103918464A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-07-16 | 淄博侨家农业科技开发有限责任公司 | Hybridization seedling culturing method for malus spectabilis and apples |
| CN107041267A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-08-15 | 河南省莱恩月季繁育有限公司 | A kind of method of the various fruit kind of apple grafting |
-
2018
- 2018-04-10 CN CN201810315767.1A patent/CN108605840A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102960239A (en) * | 2012-11-25 | 2013-03-13 | 于京香 | Cultivating method of red-flesh apples |
| CN103918464A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-07-16 | 淄博侨家农业科技开发有限责任公司 | Hybridization seedling culturing method for malus spectabilis and apples |
| CN107041267A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-08-15 | 河南省莱恩月季繁育有限公司 | A kind of method of the various fruit kind of apple grafting |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 葛世康: "矮化密植苹果树的整形修剪", 《果农之友》 * |
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Application publication date: 20181002 |
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