CN108587113B - 一种自洁性聚氨酯弹性体膜的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种自洁性聚氨酯弹性体膜的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108587113B
CN108587113B CN201810230183.4A CN201810230183A CN108587113B CN 108587113 B CN108587113 B CN 108587113B CN 201810230183 A CN201810230183 A CN 201810230183A CN 108587113 B CN108587113 B CN 108587113B
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费正东
应颂颂
范萍
陈枫
钟明强
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种自洁性聚氨酯弹性体膜的制备方法,它将含氟聚合物与TPU树脂混合均匀后,通过挤出机流延成膜。该方法所制备的共混TPU膜表面能低,不易落灰,且污染物易被水洗,从而使其具有防污自洁功能,改善实际使用效果,进一步拓展其在包装材料、车衣、服装面料等等领域的应用,所述共混膜的制备方法工艺简单,易于操作,具有较大的市场前景。

Description

一种自洁性聚氨酯弹性体膜的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于高性能膜材料技术领域,具体涉及一种制备简单、表面能低、自清洁,并能较好保持材料性能的一种自洁性聚氨酯弹性体膜的制备方法。
背景技术
聚氨酯弹性体(简称TPU弹性体,下同)薄膜因其具有高强度、高伸长率、耐磨损、耐穿刺、耐化学腐蚀、耐低温以及防水透湿、防风、抗菌等优异特性,逐渐被用来取代传统的橡胶和塑料,广泛应用于衣服面料、鞋材、汽车零部件、电子产品、光学产品、户外用品、医疗用品以及工业制品等领域。
TPU弹性体薄膜可以替代目前广泛使用的聚氯乙烯薄膜,且性能更为优越。此外,TPU弹性体薄膜可回收再利用且无毒环保可降解,将其掩埋于土壤中几年可自然分解,这是PVC 等其他薄膜所不具备的。正基于此,TPU膜应用市场发展非常迅速。但是由于TPU结构中含有大量的极性基团,导致其表面能极大,易落灰,使其表面污染,影响美观,使其应用体验效果不佳,限制了其进一步推广应用。目前还未有共混改性制备自洁性TPU的相关报道。
发明内容
针对上述所描述的聚氨酯弹性体膜表面易落灰的性能缺陷,本发明的目的在于提供一种自洁性聚氨酯弹性体膜的制备方法。
所述的一种自洁性聚氨酯弹性体膜的制备方法,其特征在于将含氟聚合物与聚氨酯共混改性工艺制备得到自洁性聚氨酯弹性体膜。
所述的一种自洁性聚氨酯弹性体膜的制备方法,其特征在于含氟聚合物为直链或支链结构,其氟含量为20 wt.% - 70 wt.%,分子量为1×103-1×105
所述的一种自洁性聚氨酯弹性体膜的制备方法,其特征在于含氟聚合物为含氟丙烯酸酯聚合物、四氟乙烯-全氟正丙基乙烯基醚共聚物或三氟氯乙烯共聚物。
所述的一种自洁性聚氨酯弹性体膜的制备方法,其特征在于聚氨酯与含氟聚合物的共混质量比为50:1-10:1。
所述的一种自洁性聚氨酯弹性体膜的制备方法,其特征在于共混改性工艺包括共混、挤出、压延成膜、定型四部分。
所述的一种自洁性聚氨酯弹性体膜的制备方法,其特征在于挤出机温度为60℃-180℃;压延成膜时压延机温度为40℃-80℃;定型温度为40℃-80℃。
所述的一种自洁性聚氨酯弹性体膜的制备方法,其特征在于压延成膜后在40℃-80℃下存放24-72进行定型处理。
通过采用上述技术,与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果如下:本发明采用含氟聚合物与聚氨酯在本发明限定的条件下经共混压延成膜,其所制备得到的膜具有表面能低、不易落灰,且用水易清洗干净等优点与未改性TPU膜的性能对比,本发明的改性TPU膜接触角大大高于未改性膜,其疏水性好,且其表面不易留有划痕;从而实现自洁功能;本发明工艺简单,效果持久,在改善表面自洁功能同时,且能较好的保持TPU本身性能,产品具有较好的市场应用前景,可广泛用于服装面料、鞋底基材、车衣及其太阳能封装膜等领域。
附图说明
图1为未改性TPU膜接触角图;
图2为实施例1改性TPU膜接触角图;
图3为未改性TPU膜的表面划痕效果图;
图4为实施例1改性后的TPU膜难表面划痕效果图。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步的描述,但本发明的保护范围并不仅限于此。
实施例1
1)将TPU粉末与聚甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯置于搅拌机中高速混合5 min,TPU与聚甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯的质量比为10:1。
2)步骤1中所采用的聚甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯的分子量为1×103
3) 将步骤1中得到的混合物置于螺杆机中挤出流延成膜,螺杆温度范围为60℃-180℃,压延机辊筒的温度为40℃。
4) 将步骤3所得共混TPU膜置于40℃环境中放置72小时,退火定型。
本实施案例所制备得到的共混改性TPU膜表面接触角为102°,用油性水笔难以书写,其痕迹可用湿巾直接擦洗干净,室内放置7天后表面无明显灰尘,放置30天,表面有少量灰尘,用水可直接清洗干净。
图1和图2为本发明得到的共混改性TPU膜与未改性的TPU膜的接触角图,图1为未改性TPU膜的接触角为79°,图2为实施例1改性TPU膜接触角为102°,本发明的接触角更大,说明其疏水性更好。
图3为未改性TPU膜的表面划痕效果图;图4为实施例1改性后的TPU膜难表面划痕效果图,从图3和图4可以看出,未改性TPU膜能较易在表面划痕,而改性后的TPU膜难以在表面划痕。
实施例2
1)将TPU粉末与四氟乙烯-全氟正丙基乙烯基醚共聚物置于搅拌机中高速混合5min,TPU与四氟乙烯-全氟正丙基乙烯基醚共聚物的质量比为50:1。
2)步骤1中所采用的四氟乙烯-全氟正丙基乙烯基醚共聚物的分子量为1×105
3) 将步骤1中得到的混合物置于螺杆机中挤出流延成膜。螺杆温度范围为60℃-180℃,压延机辊筒的温度为80℃。
4) 将步骤3所得共混TPU膜置于80℃环境中放置24小时,退火定型。
本实施案例所制备得到的共混改性TPU膜表面接触角为95°,用油性水笔难以书写,其痕迹可用湿巾直接擦洗干净。室内放置7天后表面无明显灰尘,放置30天,表面有少量灰尘,用水可直接清洗干净。
实施例3
1)将TPU粉末与三氟氯乙烯共聚物置于搅拌机中高速混合5 min,TPU与三氟氯乙烯共聚物的质量比为25:1。
2)步骤1中所采用的三氟氯乙烯共聚物的分子量为1×104
3) 将步骤1中得到的混合物置于螺杆机中挤出流延成膜。螺杆温度范围为60℃-180℃,压延机辊筒的温度为60℃。
4) 将步骤3所得共混TPU膜置于60℃环境中放置48小时,退火定型。
本实施案例所制备得到的共混改性TPU膜表面接触角为97°,用油性水笔难以书写,其痕迹可用湿巾直接擦洗干净。室内放置7天后表面无明显灰尘,放置30天,表面有少量灰尘,用水可直接清洗干净。

Claims (5)

1. 一种自洁性聚氨酯弹性体膜的制备方法,其特征在于将含氟聚合物与聚氨酯共混改性工艺制备得到自洁性聚氨酯弹性体膜;所述含氟聚合物为直链或支链结构的四氟乙烯-全氟正丙基乙烯基醚共聚物或三氟氯乙烯共聚物,其氟含量为20 wt.% - 70 wt.%,分子量为1×103-1×105
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种自洁性聚氨酯弹性体膜的制备方法,其特征在于聚氨酯与含氟聚合物的共混质量比为50:1-10:1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种自洁性聚氨酯弹性体膜的制备方法,其特征在于共混改性工艺包括共混、挤出、压延成膜、定型四部分。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种自洁性聚氨酯弹性体膜的制备方法,其特征在于挤出机温度为60℃-180℃;压延成膜时压延机温度为40℃-80℃;定型温度为40℃-80℃。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种自洁性聚氨酯弹性体膜的制备方法,其特征在于压延成膜后在40℃-80℃下存放24-72h进行定型处理。
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