CN108575811A - A kind of preparation method of Juncao fermentation bed - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of Juncao fermentation bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN108575811A CN108575811A CN201810360470.7A CN201810360470A CN108575811A CN 108575811 A CN108575811 A CN 108575811A CN 201810360470 A CN201810360470 A CN 201810360470A CN 108575811 A CN108575811 A CN 108575811A
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- juncao
- fermentation bed
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- bedding
- fermentation
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 182
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 182
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 241000286209 Phasianidae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 33
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 31
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 15
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 231100000820 toxicity test Toxicity 0.000 description 8
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 5
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000505 pernicious effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 3
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000030303 breathing problems Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002550 fecal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001484259 Lacuna Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003359 percent control normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K31/00—Housing birds
- A01K31/04—Dropping-boards; Devices for removing excrement
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
- A01K1/0155—Litter comprising organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K31/00—Housing birds
- A01K31/002—Poultry cages, e.g. transport boxes
- A01K31/007—Floors
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of Juncao fermentation bed, specifically include following steps：The special bacterium solution of fermentation bed is configured, Juncao bedding and padding is prepared, weighs remaining bedding and padding, each bedding and padding are uniformly mixed, Juncao bedding and padding mixture is made, Juncao fermentation bed finished product is made, Juncao fermentation bed finished product is moved into Heptacoloured pheasant breeding house, is laid in breeding house ground to get Juncao fermentation bed.Solve traditional zymotic bed padding existing in the prior art obtain it is difficult big, of high cost, ferment effect is bad and existing cultural technique present in excrement endanger big, intractable problem.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cultural technique fields, are related to a kind of preparation method of Juncao fermentation bed.
Background technology
The foul gas such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide that feces of livestock and poultry distributes can make the livestock and poultry of raising be susceptible to suffer from breathing problem, cause
The problems such as death rate increases, and immunity of organism reduces, and production performance reduces, and meat quality reduces, in addition, the environment of breeding house also can
It is heavily contaminated.2010, the discharge capacity of national feces of livestock and poultry was up to 4,500,000,000 tons, with the development of aquaculture, feces of livestock and poultry
Discharge capacity can also increase, if so huge excreta deal with improperly, serious ecological environment problem and society certainly will be brought
It can problem.The difficult point of poultry excrement and urine disposal：1. the commodity value of feces of livestock and poultry is relatively low；2. the moisture content of feces of livestock and poultry is high, viscosity
Greatly, impurity is more, smell is big, and working process difficulty is big；3. feces of livestock and poultry generates, speed is fast, amount is big, deals with time-consuming and laborious.
Feces of livestock and poultry can all generate serious harm to livestock and poultry and environment, and huge damage is all brought to aquaculture and ecological environment
It loses, excessive human and material resources and financial resources is consumed in the processing procedure to feces of livestock and poultry, increase aquaculture cost, reduce
Economic benefit.
Ferment bed cultural technique can solve various harm that feces of livestock and poultry is brought, and the beneficial bacterium in fermentation bed can decompose livestock and poultry
The excrement of generation generates beneficial mycoprotein using the remaining nutrition in feces of livestock and poultry, has efficiently controlled ammonia and vulcanization
The discharge of the pernicious gases such as hydrogen not only makes the air environment of breeding house improve, and also reduces livestock and poultry because pernicious gas obtains respiratory tract
The probability of disease.
But the bedding and padding of existing traditional zymotic bed mostly use greatly sawdust sawdust, in recent years, country is stringent to timber cutting capacity
It limits, is recycled to sawdust sawdust in woodenware processing industry, and a large amount of cost problems brought using sawdust so that saw
Bits sawdust takes that there are some Difficulties.And there is the problems such as of high cost, ferment effect is bad using sawdust sawdust.
Currently, China's most area is all in largely plantation Juncao, 2013, Yan'an was for the first time from state of University Of Agriculture and Forestry In Fujian
Family's Juncao Engineering Technical Research Centre introduces Juncao technology, is promoted by nearly 4 years experiment and demonstrations, has built Juncao Demonstration Base 20
It is a, grass industry leading enterprise and Specialty Co-operative Organization 15 are cultivated, cultivated area cultivates 103 canopy of seedling up to more than 40,000 mus, solves
Juncao is overwintering and the problem of seedling is transferred in northern area, covers the whole city 13 counties and districts.Strive the year two thousand twenty, allows whole city's Juncao
Cultivated area reaches ten thousand mu of 5-10 or more.Juncao is resourceful in Yan'an area, and industrial chain development prospect is considerable.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation methods of Juncao fermentation bed, solve tradition existing in the prior art
Fermentation bed fermenting bed padding obtain it is difficult, of high cost, ferment effect is bad and existing cultural technique present in excrement danger
Big, the intractable problem of evil.
The technical scheme is that a kind of preparation method of Juncao fermentation bed, specifically includes following steps：
Step 1, the configuration special bacterium solution of fermentation bed
Step 2 prepares Juncao bedding and padding
It chooses fresh Juncao and is crushed to the filament shape that about length is 3cm~5cm with wire kneading machine, then the Juncao crushed is put down
It is layered on ventilation, dries surface moisture to the not group of rising；
Step 3 weighs remaining bedding and padding
Every bedding and padding of Juncao fermentation bed are weighed according to mass percent：Juncao 10%~50%, sawdust 40%~72%,
Wheat bran 5%~9%, maize flour 5%~9%, the sum of mass percent of the above bedding and padding are 100%；
Step 4 uniformly mixes each bedding and padding, and Juncao bedding and padding mixture is made
Juncao fermentation bed finished product is made in step 5
Juncao bedding and padding mixture accumulation made from step 4 is tapered, cover breathable film, heap fermentation 5-7 days, i.e.,
Obtain Juncao fermentation bed finished product；
Juncao fermentation bed finished product made from step 5 is moved into Heptacoloured pheasant breeding house by step 6, is laid in breeding house ground,
Up to Juncao fermentation bed.
The features of the present invention also characterized in that
Step 1 specifically includes following steps：
Step 1.1, according to mass percent, weigh EM bacterium powders 5%~6%, brown sugar powder 11%~12% respectively, surplus is
Sterile water, the sum of the above EM bacterium powders, mass percent of brown sugar powder and sterile water are 100%；
The brown sugar powder that step 1.1 weighs is put into beaker a small amount of hot water dissolving is added by step 1.2, is added after dissolving
80%~85% sterile water, stirs evenly postcooling；
The EM bacterium powders that step 1.1 has measured are put into another beaker by step 1.3, add 5%~10% it is sterile water-soluble
Solution；
Step 1.4 pours into the solvent brown sugar water of step 1.2 and step 1.3 solvent bacterium solution in fermentation flask, is added remaining
Sterile water, then will fermentation flask it is disposed within the moon at ferment 3~5 days to get the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed.
Step 4 specifically includes following steps：
Step 4.1 takes the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed made from step 1, according to the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed：Sterile water=1:50~
1:40 volume ratio is diluted；
The special bacterium solution of fermentation bed after step 4.1 dilution is added in the mixing bedding and padding that step 3 weighs step 4.2, is adjusted to
Bedding and padding mixing water content of matter is 40%~50% to get Juncao bedding and padding mixture.
Step 4.2 specifically includes following steps：
Step 4.2.1, sawdust and Juncao that step 3 weighs are uniformly mixed；
Step 4.2.2, it adds wheat bran that step 3 weighs and maize flour is uniformly mixed, mixing bedding and padding are made；
Step 4.2.3, the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed after diluting step 4.1, which is slowly added into made from step 4.2.2, to be mixed
In bedding and padding, while mixture is kept stirring, mixture not made to play group, is adjusted to mixing water content of matter in 40%-50%.
10~15 apertures of cone side surface radom insertion of taper deposit are needed to be on step 5 middle cover before breathable film
4cm~6cm, the hole that depth is 15cm~20cm.
In step 5, the temperature of heap fermentation is 23 DEG C~27 DEG C.
In step 6, the laying depth of Juncao fermentation bed finished product is 25cm~35cm.
The invention has the advantages that
1. a kind of preparation method of Juncao fermentation bed, the method using Juncao partial alternative traditional zymotic bed padding sawdust makes
The bedding and padding cost reduction of fermentation bed is obtained, nutrition improves, ferment effect enhancing.The zymocyte liquid of configuration is at low cost, and probiotics are more,
Bacterium solution makes Juncao fermentation bed after bedding and padding are added, and probiotics can absorb sufficient nutrition in Juncao fermentation bed, send out
The conditions such as ferment bed temperature humidity, PH mass propagation suitable under conditions of.After prior fermentation, it will be moved into breeding house in Juncao fermentation bed
It is laid in breeding house ground 30cm thickness, livestock and poultry are raised in fermentation bed.Beneficial bacterium in fermentation bed can decompose livestock and poultry discharge
Excrement generates beneficial mycoprotein using the remaining nutrition in excrement, and it is harmful can to efficiently control ammonia and hydrogen sulfide etc.
The discharge of gas reduces harm of the pernicious gas to livestock and poultry and environment.Meanwhile excrement is by decomposing, the livestock and poultry of cultivation can be with
Edible mushroom grass comprehensive body fermentation bed mixes the excrement after bedding and padding and decomposition, includes very big nutritive value, moreover it is possible to improve the life of livestock and poultry
Produce performance and immunity of organisms.The present invention solves the problems, such as poultry excrement and urine disposal hardly possible, reduces environmental pollution, in addition, reducing
Aquaculture cost, saves labour, improves livestock and poultry immunity of organisms and meat quality, increases the economic effect of livestock and poultry cultivation
Benefit；
2. a kind of preparation method of Juncao fermentation bed of the present invention, the planting cost of material Juncao is low, and yield is high, growth cycle
Short, resistance is strong, and crude protein and sugar content are high.The various features and advantage of Juncao are all shown can partial alternative traditional zymotic
Bed padding sawdust；
3. a kind of preparation method of Juncao fermentation bed of the present invention, Juncao fermentation bed obtained can solve feces of livestock and poultry and bring
Various harm, the beneficial bacterium in fermentation bed can decompose the excrement of livestock and poultry generation, the remaining nutrition in feces of livestock and poultry is utilized to generate
Beneficial mycoprotein, has efficiently controlled the discharge of the pernicious gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, not only makes the air ring of breeding house
Border improves, and also reduces livestock and poultry because pernicious gas obtains the probability of breathing problem.Meanwhile excrement is by decomposition, the livestock and poultry of cultivation
Excrement after can be consumed by Juncao fermentation bed mixing bedding and padding and decomposing, includes very big nutritive value, moreover it is possible to improve the life of livestock and poultry
Produce performance and immunity of organisms.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the normal fermentation bed of the ripe process of bedding and padding ferment in a kind of preparation method of Juncao fermentation bed of the present invention in early period 22
The temperature changing curve diagram in its winter and summer；
Fig. 2 be in a kind of preparation method of Juncao fermentation bed of the present invention each group fermenting bed padding in the toxicity test of plant
The germination figure of control group；
Fig. 3 be in a kind of preparation method of Juncao fermentation bed of the present invention each group fermenting bed padding in the toxicity test of plant
The germination figure of traditional group；
Fig. 4 be in a kind of preparation method of Juncao fermentation bed of the present invention each group fermenting bed padding in the toxicity test of plant
The germination figure of 10% Juncao group；
Fig. 5 be in a kind of preparation method of Juncao fermentation bed of the present invention each group fermenting bed padding in the toxicity test of plant
The germination figure of 30% Juncao group；
Fig. 6 be in a kind of preparation method of Juncao fermentation bed of the present invention each group fermenting bed padding in the toxicity test of plant
The germination figure of 50% Juncao group.
Specific implementation mode
The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
A kind of preparation method of Juncao fermentation bed of the present invention, specifically includes following steps：
Step 1, the configuration special bacterium solution of fermentation bed
Step 2 prepares Juncao bedding and padding
It chooses fresh Juncao and is crushed to the filament shape that about length is 3cm~5cm with wire kneading machine, then the Juncao crushed is put down
It is layered on ventilation, dries surface moisture to the not group of rising；
Step 3 weighs remaining bedding and padding
Every bedding and padding of Juncao fermentation bed are weighed according to mass percent：Juncao 10%~50%, sawdust 40%~72%,
Wheat bran 5%~9%, maize flour 5%~9%, the sum of mass percent of the above bedding and padding are 100%；
Step 4 uniformly mixes each bedding and padding, and Juncao bedding and padding mixture is made
Juncao fermentation bed finished product is made in step 5
Juncao bedding and padding mixture accumulation made from step 4 is tapered, cover breathable film, heap fermentation 5-7 days, i.e.,
Obtain Juncao fermentation bed finished product；
Juncao fermentation bed finished product made from step 5 is moved into Heptacoloured pheasant breeding house by step 6, is laid in breeding house ground,
Up to Juncao fermentation bed.
Step 1 specifically includes following steps：
Step 1.1, according to mass percent, weigh EM bacterium powders 5%~6%, brown sugar powder 11%~12% respectively, surplus is
Sterile water, the sum of the above EM bacterium powders, mass percent of brown sugar powder and sterile water are 100%；
The brown sugar powder that step 1.1 weighs is put into beaker a small amount of hot water dissolving is added by step 1.2, is added after dissolving
80%~85% sterile water, stirs evenly postcooling；
The EM bacterium powders that step 1.1 has measured are put into another beaker by step 1.3, add 5%~10% it is sterile water-soluble
Solution；
Step 1.4 pours into the solvent brown sugar water of step 1.2 and step 1.3 solvent bacterium solution in fermentation flask, is added remaining
Sterile water, then will fermentation flask it is disposed within the moon at ferment 3~5 days to get the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed.
Step 4 specifically includes following steps：
Step 4.1 takes the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed made from step 1, according to the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed：Sterile water=1:50~
1:40 volume ratio is diluted；
The special bacterium solution of fermentation bed after step 4.1 dilution is added in the mixing bedding and padding that step 3 weighs step 4.2, is adjusted to
Bedding and padding mixing water content of matter is 40%~50% to get Juncao bedding and padding mixture.
Step 4.2 specifically includes following steps：
Step 4.2.1, sawdust and Juncao that step 3 weighs are uniformly mixed；
Step 4.2.2, it adds wheat bran that step 3 weighs and maize flour is uniformly mixed, mixing bedding and padding are made；
Step 4.2.3, the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed after diluting step 4.1, which is slowly added into made from step 4.2.2, to be mixed
In bedding and padding, while mixture is kept stirring, mixture not made to play group, is adjusted to mixing water content of matter in 40%-50%.
10~15 apertures of cone side surface radom insertion of taper deposit are needed to be on step 5 middle cover before breathable film
4cm~6cm, the hole that depth is 15cm~20cm.
In step 5, the temperature of heap fermentation is 23 °~27 DEG C.
In step 6, the laying depth of Juncao fermentation bed finished product is 25cm~35cm.
A kind of preparation method of Juncao fermentation bed of the present invention, uses the innovative approach of Juncao partial alternative sawdust, in conjunction with
Best substitution ratio produces the significantly excellent Juncao fermentation bed of ferment effect and culture efficiency, has both solved traditional aquaculture
Economic loss problem and problem of environmental pollution, also saved cost and resource on original traditional zymotic bed, and optimize
The culture efficiency of traditional zymotic bed.
Embodiment 1
Configure the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed：According to mass percent, EM bacterium powders 5%, brown sugar powder 12% are weighed respectively, and surplus is
Sterile water, the sum of the above EM bacterium powders, mass percent of brown sugar powder and sterile water are 100%, and brown sugar powder is put into beaker and is added
Enter a small amount of hot water dissolving, 83% sterile water be added after dissolving, stirs evenly postcooling, EM bacterium powders is put into another beaker,
8% sterile water dissolution is added, solvent brown sugar water and bacterium solution are poured into fermentation flask, remaining sterile water is added, then will
4 days are fermented to get the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed at fermentation flask the moon disposed within；
Prepare Juncao bedding and padding：It chooses fresh Juncao and is crushed to the filament shape that about length is 4cm with wire kneading machine, then will crush
Juncao be laid in ventilation, dry surface moisture to the not group of rising；
Weigh remaining bedding and padding：Every bedding and padding of Juncao fermentation bed are weighed according to mass percent：Juncao 30%, sawdust
56%, wheat bran 7%, maize flour 7%；
Each bedding and padding are uniformly mixed, Juncao bedding and padding mixture is made：The special bacterium solution of fermentation bed is taken, according to fermentation bed special bacterium
Liquid：Sterile water=1:45 volume ratio is diluted, and the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed after dilution is slowly added into mixing bedding and padding, together
When keep stirring mixture, not make mixture rise group, be adjusted to mixing water content of matter 45% to get Juncao bedding and padding mix
Object；
Juncao fermentation bed finished product is made：Juncao bedding and padding mixture is accumulated into tapered, the radom insertion 15 in cone side surface
The hole that a aperture is 6cm, depth is 20cm, covers breathable film, and in 25 DEG C of environment, heap fermentation 6 days is to get Juncao
Fermentation bed finished product；
Juncao fermentation bed finished product is moved into Heptacoloured pheasant breeding house, is laid in breeding house ground, thickness is 30cm to get bacterium
Careless fermentation bed.
Embodiment 2
Configure the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed：According to mass percent, EM bacterium powders 6%, brown sugar powder 11% are weighed respectively, and surplus is
Sterile water, the sum of the above EM bacterium powders, mass percent of brown sugar powder and sterile water are 100%, and brown sugar powder is put into beaker and is added
Enter a small amount of hot water dissolving, 80% sterile water be added after dissolving, stirs evenly postcooling, EM bacterium powders is put into another beaker,
Solvent brown sugar water and bacterium solution are poured into fermentation flask, remaining sterile water are added by the sterile water dissolution for adding 5%, then will hair
3 days are fermented to get the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed at ferment bottle the moon disposed within；
Prepare Juncao bedding and padding：It chooses fresh Juncao and is crushed to the filament shape that about length is 3cm with wire kneading machine, then will crush
Juncao be laid in ventilation, dry surface moisture to the not group of rising；
Weigh remaining bedding and padding：Every bedding and padding of Juncao fermentation bed are weighed according to mass percent：Juncao 10%, sawdust
72%, wheat bran 9%, maize flour 9%；
Each bedding and padding are uniformly mixed, Juncao bedding and padding mixture is made：The special bacterium solution of fermentation bed is taken, according to fermentation bed special bacterium
Liquid：Sterile water=1:50 volume ratio is diluted, and the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed after dilution is slowly added into mixing bedding and padding, together
When keep stirring mixture, not make mixture rise group, be adjusted to mixing water content of matter 40% to get Juncao bedding and padding mix
Object；
Juncao fermentation bed finished product is made：Juncao bedding and padding mixture is accumulated into tapered, the radom insertion 10 in cone side surface
The hole that a aperture is 4cm, depth is 20cm, covers breathable film, and in 23 ° of environment, heap fermentation 5 days is to get Juncao
Fermentation bed finished product；
Juncao fermentation bed finished product is moved into Heptacoloured pheasant breeding house, is laid in breeding house ground, thickness is 25cm to get bacterium
Careless fermentation bed.
Embodiment 3
Configure the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed：According to mass percent, EM bacterium powders 6%, brown sugar powder 11% are weighed respectively, and surplus is
Sterile water, the sum of the above EM bacterium powders, mass percent of brown sugar powder and sterile water are 100%, and brown sugar powder is put into beaker and is added
Enter a small amount of hot water dissolving, 85% sterile water is added after dissolving, stirs evenly postcooling；EM bacterium powders are put into another beaker,
Solvent brown sugar water and bacterium solution are poured into fermentation flask, remaining sterile water are added by the sterile water dissolution for adding 10%, then will hair
5 days are fermented to get the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed at ferment bottle the moon disposed within；
Prepare Juncao bedding and padding：It chooses fresh Juncao and is crushed to the filament shape that about length is 5cm with wire kneading machine, then will crush
Juncao be laid in ventilation, dry surface moisture to the not group of rising；
Weigh remaining bedding and padding：Every bedding and padding of Juncao fermentation bed are weighed according to mass percent：Juncao 50%, sawdust
40%, wheat bran 5%, maize flour 5%；
Each bedding and padding are uniformly mixed, Juncao bedding and padding mixture is made：The special bacterium solution of fermentation bed is taken, according to fermentation bed special bacterium
Liquid：Sterile water=1:40 volume ratio is diluted, and the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed after dilution is slowly added into mixing bedding and padding, together
When keep stirring mixture, not make mixture rise group, be adjusted to mixing water content of matter 50% to get Juncao bedding and padding mix
Object；
Juncao fermentation bed finished product is made：Juncao bedding and padding mixture is accumulated into tapered, the radom insertion 15 in cone side surface
The hole that a aperture is 6cm, depth is 15cm, covers breathable film, and in 27 DEG C of environment, heap fermentation 7 days is to get Juncao
Fermentation bed finished product；
Juncao fermentation bed finished product is moved into Heptacoloured pheasant breeding house, is laid in breeding house ground, thickness is 35cm to get bacterium
Careless fermentation bed.
Embodiment 4
Configure the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed：According to mass percent, EM bacterium powders 5.5%, brown sugar powder 11.5% are weighed respectively, it is remaining
Amount is sterile water, and the sum of the above EM bacterium powders, mass percent of brown sugar powder and sterile water are 100%, and brown sugar powder is put into beaker
It is interior that a small amount of hot water dissolving is added, 81% sterile water is added after dissolving, stirs evenly postcooling；EM bacterium powders are put into another burning
Cup, adds 6% sterile water dissolution, solvent brown sugar water and bacterium solution is poured into fermentation flask, remaining sterile water is added, and then will
3 days are fermented to get the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed at fermentation flask the moon disposed within；
Prepare Juncao bedding and padding：It chooses fresh Juncao and is crushed to the filament shape that about length is 3cm with wire kneading machine, then will crush
Juncao be laid in ventilation, dry surface moisture to the not group of rising；
Weigh remaining bedding and padding：Every bedding and padding of Juncao fermentation bed are weighed according to mass percent：Juncao 20%, sawdust
64%, wheat bran 8%, maize flour 8%；
Each bedding and padding are uniformly mixed, Juncao bedding and padding mixture is made：The special bacterium solution of fermentation bed is taken, according to fermentation bed special bacterium
Liquid：Sterile water=1:42 volume ratio is diluted, and the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed after dilution is slowly added into mixing bedding and padding, together
When keep stirring mixture, not make mixture rise group, be adjusted to mixing water content of matter 42% to get Juncao bedding and padding mix
Object；
Juncao fermentation bed finished product is made：Juncao bedding and padding mixture is accumulated into tapered, the radom insertion 12 in cone side surface
The hole that a aperture is 4cm, depth is 20cm, covers breathable film, and in 24 DEG C of environment, heap fermentation 6 days is to get Juncao
Fermentation bed finished product；
Juncao fermentation bed finished product is moved into Heptacoloured pheasant breeding house, is laid in breeding house ground, thickness is 28cm to get bacterium
Careless fermentation bed.
Embodiment 5
Configure the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed：According to mass percent, EM bacterium powders 6%, brown sugar powder 12% are weighed respectively, and surplus is
Sterile water, the sum of the above EM bacterium powders, mass percent of brown sugar powder and sterile water are 100%, and brown sugar powder is put into beaker and is added
Enter a small amount of hot water dissolving, 84% sterile water is added after dissolving, stirs evenly postcooling；EM bacterium powders are put into another beaker,
Solvent brown sugar water and bacterium solution are poured into fermentation flask, remaining sterile water are added by the sterile water dissolution for adding 9%, then will hair
5 days are fermented to get the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed at ferment bottle the moon disposed within；
Prepare Juncao bedding and padding：It chooses fresh Juncao and is crushed to the filament shape that about length is 5cm with wire kneading machine, then will crush
Juncao be laid in ventilation, dry surface moisture to the not group of rising；
Weigh remaining bedding and padding：Every bedding and padding of Juncao fermentation bed are weighed according to mass percent：Juncao 40%, sawdust
48%, wheat bran 6%, maize flour 6%；
Each bedding and padding are uniformly mixed, Juncao bedding and padding mixture is made：The special bacterium solution of fermentation bed is taken, according to fermentation bed special bacterium
Liquid：Sterile water=1:48 volume ratio is diluted, and the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed after dilution is slowly added into mixing bedding and padding, together
When keep stirring mixture, not make mixture rise group, be adjusted to mixing water content of matter 48% to get Juncao bedding and padding mix
Object；
Juncao fermentation bed finished product is made：Juncao bedding and padding mixture is accumulated into tapered, the radom insertion 14 in cone side surface
The hole that a aperture is 6cm, depth is 18cm, covers breathable film, and in 26 DEG C of environment, heap fermentation 7 days is to get Juncao
Fermentation bed finished product；
Juncao fermentation bed finished product is moved into Heptacoloured pheasant breeding house, is laid in breeding house ground, thickness is 34cm to get bacterium
Careless fermentation bed.
Each item data of Juncao fermentation bed and traditional zymotic bed made from a kind of preparation method of Juncao fermentation bed of the present invention
Comparison is as follows：
1. the comparison of each group fermentation bed total difference is as shown in table 1：
Table 1：Each group fermentation bed total difference compares
Each group fermentation bed total difference comparison listed by table 1, it can be seen that the fermentation bed organic matter of 30% Juncao group
Content is slightly below traditional group, but is higher than other two Juncao group, illustrates that the organic matter in the 30% Juncao fermentation bed of the application is supported
Point content is suitable with traditional zymotic bed, and according to the ferment effect in later stage from the point of view of, the organic matter maintenance of 30% Juncao group fermentation bed
Ground is more longlasting；The content of beary metal of Juncao group is above traditional group, but from the point of view of fermentation bed ferment effect and culture efficiency, contains
Amount within the allowable range, is not influenced to ferment and be cultivated；From the point of view of total nitrogen content, Juncao group fermentation bed all higher than traditional group,
And the total nitrogen content of the 30% Juncao group of the application is 2 times of traditional group, for probiotics growth and breeding provide it is enough
Nitrogen source, and find that the nitrogen loss of 30% Juncao group fermentation bed is minimum by the culture experiment in later stage, excessive Juncao replacement amount
Nitrogen loss can be increased；Bedding and padding cost can be also substantially reduced by the partial alternative of Juncao.
2. heap fermentation temperature change early period is as shown in table 2：
| 1d | 2d | 3d | 4d | 5d | 6d | 7d | |
| Traditional group | 28℃ | 47℃ | 71℃ | 69℃ | 54℃ | 44℃ | 45℃ |
| 10% Juncao group | 27℃ | 45℃ | 68℃ | 67℃ | 52℃ | 43℃ | 42℃ |
| 30% Juncao group | 27℃ | 44℃ | 70℃ | 71℃ | 56℃ | 46℃ | 45℃ |
| 50% Juncao group | 26℃ | 46℃ | 69℃ | 68℃ | 53℃ | 40℃ | 39℃ |
Table 2：Heap fermentation temperature change early period
From the point of view of 2 result of table, the prior fermentation temperature of Juncao group and traditional group first increases to be declined afterwards, and maximum temperature is equal
More than 60 DEG C, show that bedding and padding have been enter into yeastiness, and can be seen that 30% Juncao group with traditional group in temperature raising period and cooling
Phase temperature difference is smaller, illustrates the prior fermentation temperature of the 30% Juncao group of the application closer to traditional group.
3. bedding and padding temperature change is as shown in table 3 during fermentation bed cultivation：
Table 3：Bedding and padding temperature change during fermentation bed cultivation
It is equal in preceding 20d that Juncao group and traditional group are can be seen that from central core (20cm) DIE Temperature mutation analysis of bedding and padding
Belong to temperature raising period, reaches peak in 20d central temperatures, then begin to reduce, the 30% Juncao group heating rate of the application
Most fast, temperature rise amplitude is maximum；20d to 40d, each group temperature is on a declining curve, wherein 10% Juncao group and 30% bacterium
Grass group remains basically stable with traditional group temperature；There is significant difference compared with 3 Juncao groups in 60d, traditional group, 10% Juncao group and
50% Juncao group temperature is below traditional group, and the 30% Juncao group temperature of the application is higher than traditional group, this significant difference
It is to be conducive to microbial activities after being mixed with Animal fecal pollution instead of sawdust due to the Juncao of certain proportion (30%), it is lasting to produce
Heat, and excessive Juncao substitution ratio can be such that the interporal lacuna of fermenting bed padding increases, the heat that microbial activities generates can be with
Air flows the activity with livestock and poultry and scatters and disappears, and the heat insulation effect of fermentation bed is made to decline.
4. the normal fermentation bed of the ripe process of bedding and padding ferment is in temperature variation curve such as Fig. 1 institutes in winter 22 day early period and summer
Show：Normal fermentation bed is obvious in earlier fermentation temperature change, is raised to maximum temperature in 5d or so, then gradually cools down,
40 DEG C or so are ultimately maintained at, the test group in the present invention meets the temperature changing trend and range of this curve with traditional group.
5. water-cut variation is as shown in table 4 during fermentation bed cultivation,
| 0th day | 10th day | 20th day | 40th day | 60th day | |
| Traditional group | 47.31% | 44.42% | 42.66% | 35.57% | 30.82% |
| 10% Juncao | 48.87% | 45.12% | 40.02% | 36.75% | 32.37% |
| 30% Juncao | 47.62% | 45.34% | 41.99% | 32.13% | 30.96% |
| 50% Juncao | 48.54% | 40.64% | 35.11% | 30.79% | 21.77% |
Table 4：Water-cut variation during fermentation bed cultivation
It is whole on a declining curve between each processing group moisture maintains 20%-50% in 60 days experimental periods.
Traditional group has dropped 16.49% in 60 day in-test, moisture content；10% Juncao has dropped in 60 day in-test, moisture content
16.5%；30% Juncao group has dropped 16.66% in 60 day in-test, moisture content；+ 50% control group of 50% Juncao was at 60 days
In-test, moisture content have dropped 26.77%.Temperature drastically increases when due to fermentation, causes moisture to decline, with temperature
It reducing, the moisture for being attached to film is absorbed by bedding and padding again so that moisture is slowly gone up, at the 0th day to the 10th day, with
Animal fecal pollution is initially added, and fermentation accelerates to start, and the water content of loss is offseted with the additive amount that chicken manure is urinated, and water-cut variation is not
Greatly.After 20th day, fermentation bed the operation is stable, the activities of large scale Juncao processing group and livestock and poultry be the key that water-cut variation because
Element.60th day, 10% Juncao group, 30% Juncao group moisture content remained at 30% or more, close with the moisture content of traditional group,
50% Juncao group moisture content is minimum.The result shows that showing that the Juncao additive amount of certain proportion (30%) has preferable water retention property, mistake
The Juncao of amount accelerates the water loss of fermenting bed padding than regular meeting.
6. a pair each group fermenting bed padding tests the toxicity of plant, as a result as shown in Fig. 2~Fig. 6, toxicity test number
According to as shown in table 5, as a result it is summarized as follows：
Control group distilled water plants rape seed, sows 60 grain germination 16, and longest root long is 75.79mm；
Traditional group sows 60 grain germination 4, and longest root long is 109.36mm；
10% Juncao group sows 60 grain germination 6, and longest root long is 61.43mm；
30% Juncao group sows 60 grain germination 14, and longest root long is 118.59mm；
50% Juncao group sows 60 grain germination 6, and longest root long is 5.86mm.
Table 5：Toxicity test tables of data
30% Juncao group of the application is minimum to the toxicity of seed as can be seen from the above table, illustrates that 30% Juncao fermentation bed makes
It is alternatively arranged as plantation fertilizer after, plays its follow-up utility value.
Shown according to the above integrated data：The fermentation temperature variation of 30% Juncao group fermenting bed padding follows the ripe mistake of bedding and padding ferment
Journey curve；Bedding and padding temperature change in the breeding process can be seen that 30% Juncao group to hold temp effect best, be conducive to beneficial to micro-
The mass propagation of biological inoculum accelerates the speed for decomposing feces of livestock and poultry；It can from the bedding and padding water-cut variation in breeding process
It is optimal to go out 30% Juncao group water retention property, slightly above traditional group, bedding and padding nutritional ingredient is not easy the activity with air flowing and livestock and poultry
And it volatilizees；30% Juncao group fermenting bed padding later use value height is can be seen that from toxicity test result, its plantation is utilized to plant
Object, nutritional ingredient highest minimum to the toxicity of plant, plant germination rate highest, and root long is longer.Therefore, serial experiment explanation
The fermentation bed resultant effect of 30% Juncao group is best.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of preparation method of Juncao fermentation bed, which is characterized in that specifically include following steps：
Step 1, the configuration special bacterium solution of fermentation bed
Step 2 prepares Juncao bedding and padding
It chooses fresh Juncao and is crushed to the filament shape that about length is 3cm~5cm with wire kneading machine, then the Juncao crushed is laid in
Surface moisture is dried to the not group of rising in ventilation；
Step 3 weighs remaining bedding and padding
Every bedding and padding of Juncao fermentation bed are weighed according to mass percent：Juncao 10%~50%, sawdust 40%~72%, wheat bran
5%~9%, maize flour 5%~9%, the sum of mass percent of the above bedding and padding is 100%；
Step 4 uniformly mixes each bedding and padding, and Juncao bedding and padding mixture is made
Juncao fermentation bed finished product is made in step 5
Juncao bedding and padding mixture accumulation made from step 4 is tapered, cover breathable film, heap fermentation 5-7 days is to get bacterium
Careless fermentation bed finished product；
Step 6, by made from step 5 Juncao fermentation bed finished product move into Heptacoloured pheasant breeding house, be laid in breeding house ground to get
Juncao fermentation bed.
2. a kind of preparation method of Juncao fermentation bed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 1 is specifically wrapped
Include following steps：
Step 1.1, according to mass percent, weigh EM bacterium powders 5%~6%, brown sugar powder 11%~12% respectively, surplus is sterile
Water, the sum of the above EM bacterium powders, mass percent of brown sugar powder and sterile water are 100%；
The brown sugar powder that step 1.1 weighs is put into beaker a small amount of hot water dissolving is added by step 1.2, it is added 80% after dissolving~
85% sterile water, stirs evenly postcooling；
The EM bacterium powders that step 1.1 has measured are put into another beaker by step 1.3, add 5%~10% sterile water dissolution；
Step 1.4 pours into the solvent brown sugar water of step 1.2 and step 1.3 solvent bacterium solution in fermentation flask, and remaining nothing is added
Then bacterium water will ferment 3~5 days to get the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed at fermentation flask the moon disposed within.
3. a kind of preparation method of Juncao fermentation bed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 4 is specifically wrapped
Include following steps：
Step 4.1 takes the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed made from step 1, according to the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed：Sterile water=1:50~1:40
Volume ratio be diluted；
The special bacterium solution of fermentation bed after step 4.1 dilution is added in the mixing bedding and padding that step 3 weighs step 4.2, is adjusted to bedding and padding
Water content of matter is mixed 40%~50% to get Juncao bedding and padding mixture.
4. a kind of preparation method of Juncao fermentation bed according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the step 4.2 is specific
Include the following steps：
Step 4.2.1, sawdust and Juncao that step 3 weighs are uniformly mixed；
Step 4.2.2, it adds wheat bran that step 3 weighs and maize flour is uniformly mixed, mixing bedding and padding are made；
Step 4.2.3, the special bacterium solution of fermentation bed after diluting step 4.1, which is slowly added into made from step 4.2.2, mixes bedding and padding
In, while mixture is kept stirring, it so that mixture is played group, be adjusted to mixing water content of matter in 40%-50%.
5. a kind of preparation method of Juncao fermentation bed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that on step 5 middle cover
10~15 apertures of cone side surface radom insertion of taper deposit are needed before breathable film is 4cm~6cm, depth 15cm
The hole of~20cm.
6. a kind of preparation method of Juncao fermentation bed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 5, accumulation
The temperature of fermentation is 23 °~27 DEG C.
7. a kind of preparation method of Juncao fermentation bed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 6, Juncao
The laying depth of fermentation bed finished product is 25cm~35cm.
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Application publication date: 20180928 Assignee: Yan'an Keyu Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: YAN'AN University Contract record no.: X2022980003365 Denomination of invention: A preparation method of mycorrhizal fermentation bed Granted publication date: 20210514 License type: Common License Record date: 20220328 |