CN108575240B - Optimized recommended fertilization method for potatoes in dry land based on model - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements
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Abstract
The invention relates to an optimized recommended fertilization method for potatoes. The recommended fertilizing method comprises the following steps: step 1) determining a target yield; step 2) determining the grade of the basic nutrient supply level of the soil of the known land parcel; step 3) calculating the yield response of the known land parcel according to a multi-point element reduction test for many years; or estimating the yield response of the known plots according to the soil basic nutrient supply level grade of the known plots and the potato yield response coefficient; and 4) respectively calculating the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer dosage required for obtaining the target yield of the known potato in the field by combining the optimal nutrient absorption of the potato obtained based on the QUEFTS model and the target yield, the fertilizer application yield reaction and the agronomic efficiency. The method is suitable for the operation mode of China mainly using small farmers, can realize regional scale fertilizer recommendation, and is an important way for realizing yield increase and efficiency increase of potatoes and improving comparative advantages of potatoes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a model-based dry land potato optimized recommended fertilization method, and belongs to the field of agricultural resource environments.
Background
China is the biggest potato producing country in the world, the planting area and the total yield are at the top of the world, but the yield per unit area has a certain gap with developed countries. The improvement of the nutrient management level is an effective way for further improving the yield of potatoes, however, the problems of partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, unbalance of phosphorus and potassium nutrients and the like commonly exist in the potatoes in China at present, and the unreasonable application of the fertilizer not only influences the further improvement of the yield of the potatoes, but also causes the problems of low fertilizer utilization rate, environmental pollution and the like. Therefore, establishing a scientific and effective recommended fertilization method has important significance for improving the yield of potatoes, improving the income of farmers and protecting the environment.
At present, for the research of the recommended fertilization method, a soil testing formula fertilization method, a fertilizer effect function method and the like are mostly adopted at home and abroad, and the soil testing formula fertilization plan is started in 2005 by the Ministry of agriculture in China, so that the method plays an important role in increasing the yield and the income of potatoes. However, the reality is that: the soil testing and testing analysis is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and needs a certain financial investment, and the soil testing formula fertilization of one family is difficult to be carried out in a mode that small farmers are main operation subjects in China; in addition, the soil nutrient test value cannot completely reflect the soil nutrient supply condition under the influence of the limitations of the current test method. Therefore, a scientific, effective and convenient fertilization method aiming at the potatoes is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a recommended potato fertilization method. On the basis of utilizing a QUEFTS (quantitative Evaluation of the Fertility of nutritional soils) model, the method combines the soil basic nutrient supply, the potato nutrient demand, the fertilizer yield response and the agricultural efficiency, takes the optimal nutrient management of nutrient synergy optimization as the principle, simultaneously considers the balanced application of the nutrients, and finally gives out a reasonable recommended fertilizing amount. The method is suitable for planting mode of China with small farmers as main operation bodies, and overcomes the technical problem of the existing fertilizing method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an optimized recommended fertilization method for potatoes, comprising the following steps:
step 1) determining a target yield;
step 2) determining the grade of the basic nutrient supply level of the soil of the known land parcel;
step 3) calculating the yield response of the known land parcel according to a multi-point element reduction test for many years; or estimating the yield response of the known plots according to the soil basic nutrient supply level grade of the known plots and the potato yield response coefficient;
and 4) respectively calculating the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer dosage required for obtaining the target yield of the known potato in the field by combining the optimal nutrient absorption of the potato obtained based on the QUEFTS model and the target yield, the fertilizer application yield reaction and the agronomic efficiency.
In the recommended fertilizing method, in the step 1), the target yield is 10% increased on the basis of the average yield of the soil without the abiotic adversity stress in the known land plots in the past 3-5 years.
In the recommended fertilizing method, in the step 2), the grade of the supply level of the basic nutrients (mainly nitrogen N) of the soil is judged, and the judgment is mainly carried out according to the soil characteristics (such as soil texture, color, organic matter content and the like) of the potato planting area or the test results of the levels of the nutrients (mainly organic matter, quick-acting N, quick-acting P and quick-acting K) of the soil.
According to the soil characteristics of the potato planting area, the levels of the basic nutrient supply level of the soil are respectively as follows:
low: sandy soil (irrespective of soil colour) or reddish/yellowish loam or clay;
the method comprises the following steps: gray/brown loam or clay;
high: black loam or clay with high organic matter content.
According to the soil nutrient level test result, the levels of the soil nitrogen nutrient supply level are respectively as follows:
low: the soil organic matter is less than or equal to 1 percent, and the soil quick-acting nitrogen is less than or equal to 100 kg/kg;
the method comprises the following steps: 1-3% of soil organic matter and 100-180 kg/kg of soil quick-acting nitrogen;
high: the organic matter of the soil is more than or equal to 3 percent, and the quick-acting nitrogen of the soil is more than or equal to 180 kg/kg.
Meanwhile, if the quick-acting nitrogen is more than or equal to 180mg/kg, the grade is upgraded to the grade of medium or high according to the low or medium grade of the organic matter test value; if the quick-acting nitrogen is less than or equal to 100mg/kg, the high grade is degraded to the medium grade according to the organic matter test value.
According to the soil nutrient level test result, the levels of the soil phosphorus nutrient supply level are respectively as follows:
low: p is less than or equal to 10 mg/kg;
the method comprises the following steps: p is between 10 and 25 mg/kg;
high: p is more than or equal to 25 mg/kg.
According to the soil nutrient level test result, the levels of the soil potassium nutrient supply level are respectively as follows:
low: k is less than or equal to 80 mg/kg;
the method comprises the following steps: k is between 80 and 150 mg/kg;
high: k is more than or equal to 150 mg/kg.
In the recommended fertilization method, in the step 3), the yield response is defined as: the yield difference between the land plot where the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are applied and the land plot where certain nutrients are not applied; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
if the fertilizer-reducing plot yield is determined to be the same as the fertilizer-reducing plot yield, calculating a yield response according to the fertilizer-reducing plot yield;
if the plots were known to have not been tested for nutrient loss, the yield response was estimated based on the soil basal nutrient supply level rating and the potato yield response coefficient for the different potato growing areas (i.e., yield response (t/ha) ═ target yield × yield response coefficient. the soil potato yield response coefficients for the different grade basal nutrient supply levels are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 yield response coefficients of different potato growing areas on different grades of soil with basic nutrient supply levels
TABLE 2 Potato plantation area Classification
| Planting area | Province of labor |
| Northeast | Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning |
| Northwest of China | Gansu, inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shanxi and Xinjiang |
| North China | Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, Henan, Beijing, Tianjin |
| Southeast China | Anhui, Zhejiang, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and Shanghai |
| Southwest | Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Chongqing, Tibet |
Note: each potato planting area corresponds to respective corresponding parameters.
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the potato planting areas are divided into 5 ecological areas of northeast, northwest, southeast and southwest, each area is divided into three levels of basic nutrient supply levels of low, medium and high, and yield reaction coefficients corresponding to different levels are calculated respectively.
Wherein, the yield reaction coefficient is calculated mainly according to the level of soil nutrient supply level and multi-year and multi-point historical data. The historical data is the data of the yield of the element reduction treatment and the yield of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilization obtained by the fertilizer test of the potato field in recent ten years (such as 2000-2016). The yield ratio of the element reduction treatment to the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization treatment is relative yield, and the yield reaction coefficient is obtained from (1-relative yield).
According to the fertilization method, 25th percentiles, 50th percentiles and 75th percentiles of relative yield are respectively defined as low, medium and high grades of soil basic nutrient supply, and the low, medium and high grades of the soil basic nutrient supply correspond to high, medium and low yield reaction coefficients respectively.
In the recommended fertilizing method, in the step 4), the dosage of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers required for obtaining the target yield of the known potato parcel is respectively calculated based on the optimal nutrient absorption of the potato obtained by the QUEFTS model and by combining the target yield, the fertilizing yield reaction and the agronomic efficiency.
The above-mentionedThe nitrogen application (kg N/ha) is mainly calculated based on the yield response and the preset agronomic efficiency, and specifically, the nitrogen application (FN, kg N/ha) ═ A × 1000/(-0.094 × A)2+5.7021 × A + 6.8869). A is the yield response in t/ha.
The phosphorus application amount is formed by two parts of phosphate fertilizer yield reaction and soil foundation fertility phosphorus balance maintenance, and the part for maintaining the soil foundation fertility phosphorus balance is equivalent to the phosphorus nutrient amount taken away by tubers and straws needing to return to maintain the foundation fertility yield due to harvesting. Specifically, the phosphorus application amount of the present invention is determined as follows:
the phosphorus application amount is mainly considered according to yield reaction, crop removal amount (maintaining the phosphorus demand of basic fertility part) and quaternary phosphorus residual effect.
Phosphorus application amount (FP, kg P) to potatoes2O5The output reaction requires phosphorus + (amount of removed crop-residual effect of quaternary phosphorus);
or, phosphorus amount (FP, kg P) applied to potato2O5The yield reaction requires phosphorus + [ tuber phosphorus removal amount + straw phosphorus removal amount ] -top season phosphorus residual effect ];
or, phosphorus amount (FP, kg P) applied to potato2O5Yield reaction × 10 & lt 10+ & gt [ target yield-yield reaction) × RIEp × HIP × 2.292& lt + & gt (target yield-yield reaction) × RIEp × (1-HIP) × 2.292 × (1-straw returning rate) ] -quaternary phosphorus residual effect, wherein RIEp & lt 0.81, and HIP & lt 0.75;
or, phosphorus amount (FP, kg P) applied to potato2O5Yield reaction × 10+ [ × 1.392.392 + (target yield-yield reaction) × 0.464 × (1-straw returning rate) ] -last season phosphorus residual effect.
The recommended method of fertilizing potatoes takes into account that 50% of the balance of the quaternary phosphorus is carried over as residual nutrient from the upper crop into the lower potatoes. Deducted in the recommended amount of potatoes and counted as "zero" if the calculation is negative.
× 0.5.5 percent of residual phosphorus effect (the input amount of organic fertilizer and fertilizer nutrients of the top-season crops-the nutrient removal amount of the top-season crops);
the method comprises the following steps of obtaining the input amount of organic fertilizer and fertilizer nutrients of crops in the previous season according to actual survey data;
the previous season nutrient removal amount is the economic yield removal amount of the previous season crop plus the straw removal amount of the previous season crop;
the economic yield removal amount of the upper-season crops is equal to the phosphorus conversion coefficient of the upper-season yield × RIEP × HIP ×;
the straw removal amount of the crops in the previous season is equal to the conversion coefficient of phosphorus of the economic yield × RIEP × (1-HIP) × (1-field returning ratio) × in the previous season.
The potassium applying amount is formed by potassium fertilizer yield reaction and basic soil fertility balance maintaining, and the part for maintaining the soil potassium balance is equivalent to the potassium nutrient amount taken away by tubers and straws needing to return to maintain the basic soil fertility yield. Specifically, the potassium application amount of the invention is determined as follows:
the potassium application is mainly considered according to yield reaction, crop removal (maintaining soil balance) and quaternary potassium residual effect. The method comprises the following specific steps:
potassium addition to potatoes (FP, kg K)2O/ha) — yield reaction potassium requirement + (crop removal-quaternary potassium residual effect);
or, potassium addition to potato (FP, kg K)2O/ha) — yield reaction potassium demand + tuber removal + straw removal-quaternary potassium residual effect;
or, potassium addition to potato (FP, kg K)2O/ha) ═ yield reaction × 15+ × RIEk × HIk × 1.205.205 + (target yield-yield reaction) × RIEk × (1-HIk) × 1.205.205 1.205 × (1-straw returning rate) -last season potash residual effect, wherein potato RIEk ═ 3.5 and HIK ═ 0.78;
or, potassium addition to potato (FP, kg K)2O/ha) ═ yield reaction × 15+ [ yield-yield reaction (target yield-yield reaction) × 3.478+ (target yield-yield reaction) × 0.981.981 0.981 × (1-straw returning rate) ] -last season potassium residual effect.
The recommended method of fertilizing potatoes takes into account that 80% of the potassium balance in the upper season is carried over as residual nutrients of the upper season crop into the lower season potatoes. Deducted in the recommended amount of potatoes and counted as "zero" if the calculation is negative.
Residual potassium (amount of organic fertilizer and fertilizer nutrients added to the top crop-amount of nutrients removed from the top crop) × 0.8.8;
the method comprises the following steps of obtaining the input amount of organic fertilizer and fertilizer nutrients of crops in the previous season according to actual survey data;
the previous season nutrient removal amount is the economic yield removal amount of the previous season crop plus the straw removal amount of the previous season crop;
the economic yield removal amount of the upper-season crops is the potassium conversion coefficient of the upper-season economic yield × RIEK × HIK ×;
the straw removal amount of the crops in the previous season is equal to the conversion coefficient of potassium in the previous season, namely the economic yield × RIEK × (1-HIK) × (1-returning-to-field ratio) ×.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects:
1. compared with the habit of farmers and the fertilization by soil testing formula, the recommended fertilization method overcomes the blindness of the habit of farmers and the complexity and difficult operability of the fertilization by soil testing formula, and is time-saving, labor-saving and strong in operability. Meanwhile, the method optimizes the input amount of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, improves the input proportion of nutrients, and is more favorable for keeping the nutrient balance of soil and crops, thereby promoting the virtuous cycle and utilization of the nutrients and reducing the risk of agricultural non-point source pollution caused by excessive fertilization.
2. The recommended fertilization method is recommended according to the yield response of fertilization of different farmers, accords with the operation mode of China mainly comprising small farmers, can achieve one-family-one-formula and has pertinence in fertilization; according to the method, a user only needs to answer some simple questions aiming at the known plots, and then a reasonable fertilization scheme can be obtained through ready-made formula calculation, so that the method is simple and convenient, and easy to learn and master.
3. The recommended fertilization method is mainly based on a potato nutrient demand rule obtained through simulation of a model and a large amount of historical data, parameters include information of wide varieties and environmental conditions in China, the method has general guiding significance, can be applied to potato planting areas in various places in China, is high in applicability, and can meet fertilization recommendation of regional scales.
4. The field verification experiment proves that the recommended fertilizing method is adopted for fertilizing, the yield of the potatoes is improved, the income of farmers is increased, and the purposes of increasing the yield and the efficiency and improving the comparative advantages of the potatoes are achieved.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1 field validation test
Tests in 2017, in 1-12 months, 46 potato recommended fertilization method tests are developed in six provinces of Heilongjiang, Jilin, Gansu, Nemontmorion, Shanxi and Jiangxi. Before potato planting, the planting condition of plots of each test site is investigated, the fertilization and yield condition in the past year is known, the target yield and the level of the basic nutrient supply level of soil are determined according to the investigation result, the yield response recommended fertilization amount is calculated by the optimized recommended fertilization method (NE) (see table 3), and meanwhile, the local soil testing formula fertilization treatment (ST) and the farmer habit treatment (FP) are set as controls (26 test points in three places). The area of the small area is 30m2, and farmers are used for selecting local potato growers to carry out experimental arrangement and investigation and yield measurement.
The results of the fertilizer application rates show (table 3) that the average nitrogen application rates of the nutrient application rates in various regions have significant differences (P <0.05) in order of magnitude, namely FP > ST > NE, and the phosphorus and potassium application rates of different management measures have no significant difference. Except Gansu and Heilongjiang, the FP treatment nitrogen and phosphorus of each province are higher than those of NE treatment. But FP treatments in the Jilin province and Shanxi province applied potassium in an amount higher than NE treatments.
Comparative analysis of fertilizer usage amount of each treatment
As can be seen from the table 3, the dosage of the NE fertilization nitrogen fertilizer is 161-240 kg/ha, and the average value is 191 kg/ha; the using amount of the phosphate fertilizer is 90-135 kg/ha, and the average value is 112 kg/ha; the dosage of the potash fertilizer is 90-240 kg/ha, and the average value is 159 kg/ha. The dosage of the FP treatment nitrogen fertilizer is 141-339 kg N/ha, and the average value is 241 kg/ha; the application amount of the phosphate fertilizer is 60-210 kg P2O5A/ha average of 124 kg/ha; the dosage of the potash fertilizer is 0-243 kg K2Between O/ha, the average was 138 kg/ha.
Compared with the fertilizer application habit of farmers, the NE fertilizer application treatment reduces the input of nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer and increases the input of potash fertilizer; the nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer dosage are respectively increased by 9.5 percent and 9.6 percent on average, and the phosphate fertilizer dosage is reduced by 15.2 percent on average (table 3).
TABLE 3 comparison of fertilizer application and fertilizer application rates recommended by potato nutrient expert system
Comparative analysis of final yields for each treatment
As can be seen from Table 4, the yield variation of the potatoes subjected to the NE fertilization treatment is 19.5-55.5 t/ha, and the average value is 38.0 t/ha; the yield variation of the potatoes subjected to FP fertilization treatment is 17.4-48.3 t/ha, and the average value is 34.6 t/ha. Wherein the NE fertilization treatment can averagely increase the yield by 9.8 percent compared with the habitual fertilization of farmers.
TABLE 4 comparison of Fertilizer application yield, economic benefit and nitrogen fertilizer agronomic efficiency recommended by Potato nutrient expert System
Comparative analysis of economic benefits of each treatment
From the economic benefit analysis of Table 4, the net income of the NE fertilization treatment is 18837-63278 yuan/ha, and the average income is 44523 yuan/ha (six provinces); the method is characterized in that farmers are used to fertilize and treat the pure income of 16574-57643 yuan/ha, and average 40765 yuan/ha (six provinces). The NE fertilization treatment showed an increase in income compared to the FP fertilization treatment, with the average income increase of 9.2% or 3758 yuan/ha, respectively (compare of six provinces). Table 4 also shows that NE treatment not only improves farmer yield and income, but also increases nitrogen agronomic efficiency and reduces potential environmental risks from improper fertilization.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (6)
1. An optimized recommended fertilization method for potatoes, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1) determining a target yield;
step 2) determining the grade of the basic nutrient supply level of the soil of the known land parcel;
step 3) calculating the yield response of the known land parcel according to a multi-point element reduction test for many years; or estimating the yield response of the known plots according to the soil basic nutrient supply level grade of the known plots and the potato yield response coefficient;
step 4) respectively calculating the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer dosage required for obtaining the target yield of the known potato in the field by combining the optimal nutrient absorption of the potato obtained based on the QUEFTS model and the target yield, the fertilizer application yield reaction and the agronomic efficiency;
in the above step 4), the nitrogen application amount is a × 1000/(-0.094 × a)2+5.7021 × A +6.8869) in kg N/ha, wherein A is the yield difference between the land blocks applied with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and the land blocks not applied with nitrogen nutrients, and the unit is t/ha;
in the step 4), the phosphorus application amount is determined as follows:
the phosphorus application amount of the potatoes is equal to the phosphorus demand of yield reaction + (the crop removal amount-the quaternary phosphorus residual effect);
or the phosphorus application amount of the potatoes is equal to the phosphorus demand of yield reaction + [ tuber phosphorus removal amount + straw phosphorus removal amount ] -quaternary phosphorus residual effect ], and the unit is kg P2O5/ha；
Or, the phosphorus application amount of the potatoes is × 10+ [ yield reaction (target yield-yield reaction) × RIEp × HIP × 2.292+ (target yield-yield reaction) × RIEp × (1-HIP) × 2.292 × (1-straw returning rate) ] -the residual effect of the quaternary phosphorus in unit of kgP2O5A/ha; wherein, RIEp is 0.81, and HIP is 0.75;
or, yield reaction × 10+ [ × 1.392.1 + (target yield-yield reaction) 3532.392 + (target yield-yield reaction) × 0.464.464 0.464 × (1-straw returning rate) ] for applying phosphorus to potatoes-last season phosphorus residual effect, wherein the unit is kg P2O5/ha；
When the phosphorus application amount is calculated, the yield reaction is the yield difference between a plot where the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are applied and a plot where the phosphorus nutrients are not applied;
in the step 4), the potassium applying amount is determined as follows:
the potassium application amount of the potato is equal to the potassium demand of the yield reaction (the amount of the removed crop-the residual effect of the quaternary potassium) and the unit is kg K2O/ha；
Or, the potassium application amount of the potato is the potassium amount required by the yield reaction, the tuber removal amount, the straw removal amount and the quaternary potassium residual effect, and the unit is kg K2O/ha；
Or, the potassium application amount of the potatoes is × 15+ [ yield reaction (target yield-yield reaction) × RIEk × HIk × 1.205+ (target yield-yield reaction) × RIEk × (1-HIk) × 1.205 × (1-straw returning rate) ] -last season potassium residual effect, and the unit is kgK2O/ha; wherein, potato RIEK is 3.5, HIK is 0.78;
or, the potassium application amount of the potatoes is × 15+ [ yield reaction (target yield-yield reaction) × 3.478+ (target yield-yield reaction) × 0.981.981 0.981 × (1-straw returning rate) ] -the residual effect of the quaternary potassium in kg K2O/ha；
And when calculating the potassium application amount, the yield reaction is the yield difference between the land where the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is applied and the land where the potassium nutrient is not applied.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 1), the target yield is a 10% increase in yield over the past 3-5 years average yield of soil in a known plot without abiotic stress.
3. The recommended fertilizing method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in step 2), the grade of the basic nutrient supply level of the soil is judged according to the soil characteristics of the potato planting area or the soil nutrient level test result.
4. The recommended fertilization method of claim 3, wherein the levels of the basal nutrient supply level of the soil are, according to the soil characteristics of the potato growing area, respectively:
low: sandy or reddish/yellowish loam or clay;
the method comprises the following steps: gray/brown loam or clay;
high: black loam or clay with high organic matter content.
5. The recommended fertilization method of claim 3, wherein, in accordance with a soil nutrient level test result,
(1) the levels of the soil nitrogen nutrient supply level are respectively as follows:
low: the soil organic matter is less than or equal to 1 percent, and the soil quick-acting nitrogen is less than or equal to 100 kg/kg;
the method comprises the following steps: 1-3% of soil organic matter and 100-180 kg/kg of soil quick-acting nitrogen;
high: the soil organic matter is more than or equal to 3 percent, and the soil quick-acting nitrogen is more than or equal to 180 kg/kg;
(2) the levels of the soil phosphorus nutrient supply level are respectively as follows:
low: p is less than or equal to 10 mg/kg;
the method comprises the following steps: p is between 10 and 25 mg/kg;
high: p is more than or equal to 25 mg/kg;
(3) the levels of the soil potassium nutrient supply level are respectively as follows:
low: k is less than or equal to 80 mg/kg;
the method comprises the following steps: k is between 80 and 150 mg/kg;
high: k is more than or equal to 150 mg/kg.
6. The recommended fertilization method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in step 3), if a subtractive test is performed on a known plot, a yield response is calculated according to the subtractive test, i.e. yield response is fertilization plot yield-subtractive plot yield;
if the plots are known not to be subjected to the nutrient reduction test, estimating the yield response according to the soil basic nutrient supply level grades and the potato yield response coefficients of different potato planting areas, namely the yield response is the target yield × yield response coefficient;
wherein, the yield reaction coefficient is calculated according to the level of the soil nutrient supply level and multi-year and multi-point historical data;
historical data are data of the yield of the element reduction treatment and the yield of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization obtained by a multi-year multi-point fertilizer test in the potato field;
the yield ratio of the element reduction treatment to the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization treatment is relative yield, and the yield reaction coefficient is 1-relative yield.
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| CN112005683B (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2022-10-21 | 新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所(新疆维吾尔自治区新型肥料研究中心) | Xinjiang cotton phosphate fertilizer recommended fertilization method |
| CN112005682B (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2022-10-21 | 新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所(新疆维吾尔自治区新型肥料研究中心) | Xinjiang cotton potassium fertilizer recommended fertilization method |
| CN112655343A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-16 | 广东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Simple and efficient sugarcane nitrogenous fertilizer recommended fertilization method |
| CN113141837A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-23 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Special fertilizer for regional Chinese cabbage based on QUEFTS model and application method |
| CN113661821B (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2022-11-25 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Special fertilizer for greenhouse tomatoes based on yield response and soil fertility and recommended application method thereof |
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