CN110073791A - It is a kind of based on straw-returning one season rice Potassium Fertilizer method of adjustment and device - Google Patents
It is a kind of based on straw-returning one season rice Potassium Fertilizer method of adjustment and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110073791A CN110073791A CN201910461369.5A CN201910461369A CN110073791A CN 110073791 A CN110073791 A CN 110073791A CN 201910461369 A CN201910461369 A CN 201910461369A CN 110073791 A CN110073791 A CN 110073791A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements
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Abstract
The embodiment of the present invention provide it is a kind of based on straw-returning one season rice Potassium Fertilizer method of adjustment and device, potassium amount, seed are needed according to the yield response in any plot and does not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing and residual effect of potash amount of upper season, obtain the recommendation Potassium Fertilizer in any plot.During straw-returning is applied to Potassium Fertilizer by the embodiment of the present invention, the Potassium Fertilizer in any plot can be accordingly adjusted according to straw-returning ratio, guarantee that the high yield of crop production with efficiently, is easy to study and practical operation；It is reacted according to different plot potash fertilizer yields and carries out specific aim recommendation, overcome the blindness of peasant habit fertilising, avoided excessively waning or surplus for soil potassium balance, crop yield is improved, to increase the income of peasant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Agricultural resources and environment field more particularly to it is a kind of based on straw-returning one season rice Potassium Fertilizer tune
Adjusting method and device.
Background technique
Rice is one of most important cereal crops in China, and cultivated area reaches more than 3,000 ten thousand hectares, is distributed widely in
Low latitudes Hainan Province to high latitude area Heilongjiang Province.One season rice be nonoculture crop, be one crop per annual, be mainly planted in
The northeast and the Northwest in China.Potassium is of great significance to rice growth, can promote photosynthesis, enhances Rice Resistance
Inverse property.However start late to rice potassium nutrition research, fail to reach the understanding with nitrogen nutrition equal height.And by
Deficient in Chinese Potassic fertilizer resources, potash fertilizer height relies on import, causes potash fertilizer to hold at high price, affects peasant and apply the positive of potassium
Property.
Sternly forbidden in China in view of crop straw burning, thus straw-returning ratio is just gradually increased.Rice is planted
80% or more potassium contained by strain is distributed in rice straw, becomes the hot spot of current research how to efficiently use this part potassium.It is domestic
Outer researcher has been directed to the reasonable volume of rice potash fertilizer and method of administration has carried out numerous studies, it was also proposed that many recommendations
Fertilizing method, such as native fertilization recommendation, Foliar nutrient diagnosis and fertilizer response function are surveyed, heavily fortified point has been laid for efficient utilize of potash fertilizer
Real basis.But in the case where returning total stalks into fields or part returning to the field, if ignoring the potassium of this brought into soil of part stalk
Element will result in the deviation that potash fertilizer recommends dosage.However, unification has not yet been reached to the substitution effect and ratio of potash fertilizer in stalk potassium
Understanding and accepted method.
Therefore, at present for the reasonable volume of rice potash fertilizer and application not in view of the potassium of returning to the field stalk supplements effect,
To cause potash fertilizer to recommend the deviation of dosage, when the production to China's rice crops carries out Potassium Fertilizer recommendation, there is an urgent need to one
Kind based on straw-returning for one season rice Potassium Fertilizer method of adjustment.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve at present for the reasonable volume of rice potash fertilizer and application not in view of the potassium supplement effect of returning to the field stalk
Answer, thus cause potash fertilizer recommend dosage deviation the problem of, the embodiment of the present invention provide it is a kind of based on straw-returning one season rice
Potassium Fertilizer method of adjustment and device.
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provide it is a kind of based on straw-returning one season rice Potassium Fertilizer method of adjustment, should
Method includes obtaining the yield response in any plot to need potassium amount, seed and do not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing and potassium of upper season
Residual effect amount；Wherein, yield response needs the potassium application processing yield and potassium application does not handle the difference of yield that potassium amount is any plot
Yield response is corresponding to need potassium amount, seed and does not give back non-returning to the field seed and stalk institute of the stalk potassium amount of removing for any plot
The potassium amount contained, upper season potassium residual effect amount are to remain potassium amount in the upper season in any plot；According to yield response need potassium amount, seed and
The stalk potassium amount of removing and potassium residual effect amount of upper season are not given back, determines the recommendation Potassium Fertilizer for being used for any plot, with adjustment
The Potassium Fertilizer in any plot.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of season rice Potassium Fertilizer adjustment device based on straw-returning, should
Device includes acquiring unit, and the yield response for obtaining any plot needs potassium amount, seed and do not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing,
And potassium residual effect amount of upper season；Wherein, yield response need the potassium application that potassium amount is any plot handle yield at not potassium application
Manage the difference of yield yield response it is corresponding need potassium amount, seed and do not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing as the non-returning to the field in any plot
Potassium amount contained by seed and stalk, upper season potassium residual effect amount are to remain potassium amount in the upper season in any plot；Adjustment unit is used for
Potassium amount, seed are needed according to yield response and does not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing and potassium residual effect amount of upper season, are determined for any
The recommendation Potassium Fertilizer in plot, to adjust the Potassium Fertilizer in any plot.
The third aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of electronic equipment, the electronic equipment include: memory, processor and
The computer program that can be run on a memory and on a processor is stored, the instruction of processor caller is able to carry out first party
In the various possible implementations in face provided by any possible implementation based on straw-returning one season rice potash fertilizer
Use amount adjustment method.
Fourth aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of non-transient computer readable storage medium, are stored thereon with calculating
Machine program, the computer program make computer execute any possible realization in the various possible implementations of first aspect
Provided by mode based on straw-returning one season rice Potassium Fertilizer method of adjustment.
The embodiment of the present invention provide it is a kind of based on straw-returning one season rice Potassium Fertilizer method of adjustment and device, according to appointing
The yield response in one plot needs potassium amount, seed and does not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing and residual effect of potash amount of upper season, obtains any
The recommendation Potassium Fertilizer in plot.It, can be according to straw-returning during straw-returning is applied to Potassium Fertilizer by the embodiment of the present invention
Ratio accordingly adjusts the Potassium Fertilizer in any plot, guarantees that the high yield of crop production with efficiently, is easy to study and practical operation；Root
It is reacted according to different plot potash fertilizer yields and carries out specific aim recommendation, overcome the blindness of peasant habit fertilising, avoid Potassium in Soils
Excessively waning or surplus for element balance, improves crop yield, to increase the income of peasant.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is this hair
Bright some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with root
Other attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 be the embodiment of the present invention based on straw-returning one season rice Potassium Fertilizer method of adjustment flow diagram；
Fig. 2 is that the season rice Potassium Fertilizer based on straw-returning of the embodiment of the present invention adjusts the structural schematic diagram of device；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the electronic equipment of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
Every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Currently, sternly being forbidden in China in view of crop straw burning, thus straw-returning ratio is just gradually increased.Water
80% or more potassium contained by rice plants is distributed in rice straw, therefore rice straw returning to the field energy sufficiently rice field potassium, but
In the case where returning total stalks into fields or part returning to the field, if the potassium for ignoring this brought into soil of part stalk will result in potash fertilizer
Recommend dosage deviation, it is therefore desirable to it is a kind of based on straw-returning one season rice Potassium Fertilizer method of adjustment.
It is appreciated that the various seed is all without in returning to the field, stalk is all or part of for returning to the field；I.e. seed is whole not
It gives back, stalk is completely or partially to give back and do not give back completely or partially.
Fig. 1 be the embodiment of the present invention based on straw-returning one season rice Potassium Fertilizer method of adjustment flow diagram,
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention provide it is a kind of based on straw-returning one season rice Potassium Fertilizer method of adjustment, this method packet
It includes:
S1, for one season rice, obtain any plot one season rice yield response need potassium amount, seed and do not give back stalk potassium
The element amount of removing and potassium residual effect amount of upper season；Wherein, yield response need potassium amount be any plot potassium application handle yield with not
The yield response of the difference of potassium application processing yield is corresponding to need potassium amount, seed and does not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing as any plot
Non- returning to the field seed and stalk contained by potassium amount, upper season potassium residual effect amount be any plot upper season remain potassium amount.
Specifically, in step S1, the seed in any plot all without in returning to the field, stalk part for returning to the field and part not
For returning to the field, then potassium amount contained by the seed and stalk in field is removed as seed and does not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing；The ground
The yield response of block, which needs potassium amount to be that potassium application processing yield is more corresponding than the yield response that not potassium application processing yield increases, needs potassium
Amount, wherein yield response is that the potassium application in any plot handles yield yield more increased than not potassium application processing yield；The plot
Preceding quarter potassium application is not lost completely, therefore there are preceding quarter potassium residual effect amounts.
S2, potassium amount, seed are needed according to yield response and does not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing and potassium residual effect amount of upper season,
The recommendation Potassium Fertilizer for being used for any plot is determined, to adjust the Potassium Fertilizer in any plot.
Specifically, in step S2, potassium amount, seed is needed according to the yield response of any one season of plot rice and do not give back stalk potassium
The element amount of removing and potassium residual effect amount of upper season determine the recommendation Potassium Fertilizer for being used for the plot, so as to adjust the potash fertilizer in the plot
Dosage.
The embodiment of the present invention by straw-returning be applied to Potassium Fertilizer during, can according to one season rice straw-returning ratio
The Potassium Fertilizer for accordingly adjusting any plot guarantees that the high yield of crop production with efficiently, is easy to study and practical operation；According to not
It is reacted with plot potash fertilizer yield and carries out specific aim recommendation, overcome the blindness of peasant habit fertilising, it is flat to avoid soil potassium
Excessively waning or surplus for weighing apparatus, improves crop yield, to increase the income of peasant.
It should be noted that the yield response in any plot needs potassium amount, seed and does not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing, and
Among upper season potassium residual effect amount three, it is that the plot needs to reach potassium application processing yield than not potassium application that yield response, which needs potassium amount,
The yield response that processing yield increases is corresponding to need potassium amount, as needs the potassium amount applied to the plot；It seed and does not give back
The stalk potassium amount of removing is potassium amount contained by the non-returning to the field seed in the plot and stalk, the potassium amount as removed from the plot；
Upper season potassium residual effect amount is season remaining potassium amount, the potassium amount not being lost in season on the plot as on the plot.
Therefore, the yield response in the plot is needed into potassium amount, in addition seed and not giving back the stalk potassium amount of removing, subtracts season
The potash fertilizer recommended amounts applied needed for potassium residual effect amount, the as plot.I.e. are as follows: T=X+Y-Z, wherein T is to recommend Potassium Fertilizer,
X is that yield response needs potassium amount, and Y is seed and does not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing, and Z is potassium of upper season residual effect amount.
Based on the above embodiment, obtaining the yield response needs potassium amount, specifically includes:
Wherein, X is that yield response needs potassium amount, X1Yield, X are handled for potassium application2Yield, X are handled for not potassium application1-X2For
Yield response, RIEKFor ton-grain potassium absorption parameter, REKFor potash fertilizer target recovery rate；
Correspondingly, yield response are as follows:
X1-X2=X0R4
Wherein, X1Yield, X are handled for potassium application2Yield, X are handled for not potassium application1-X2For yield response, X0For target production
Amount, R4For yield response coefficient.
It should be noted that according to any plot go over 3-5 inanimate object environment stress under, one season rice previous average production
The target output of the determining season rice of amount.In general, target output is 1.1 times of previous average product.
It should be noted that can not directly calculate yield response if not doing the test of potassium deficiency element, need according to soil
The basic, normal, high three grades of the corresponding yield response coefficient of the high, medium and low three grades of earth soil fertility level is estimated
Yield response coefficient, to estimate yield response, table 1 is soil productivity hierarchical level table corresponding with yield response coefficient.
Table 1
As known from Table 1, the yield response coefficient of low fertility soil is 0.14, and the yield response coefficient of middle fertile soil is
0.1, the yield response coefficient of high fertility soil is 0.06, i.e., with the raising of soil productivity level, corresponding yield response system
Number reduces, and illustrates that yield response coefficient is lower as soil productivity level is higher, in the case where target output is constant, yield
React directly proportional to yield response coefficient, therefore yield response is also lower；And it is returned in ton-grain potassium absorption parameter and potash fertilizer target
In the case that yield is constant, yield response needs potassium amount directly proportional to yield response, therefore yield response needs potassium amount also lower.
Further, there are two types of the decision procedures of soil productivity hierarchical level, have soil testing one is the plot as a result,
Then according in soil testing result organic matter, available nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus and available potassium measurement content determine that soil productivity is horizontal,
Table 2 is soil productivity hierarchical level table corresponding with soil testing result.
Table 2
As known from Table 2, according to the measurement content of organic matter, available nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus and available potassium in soil testing result
Determine soil productivity hierarchical level, it is high, medium and low according to the measurement content of organic matter, available nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus and available potassium, from
And it respectively corresponds and determines that soil productivity hierarchical level is high, medium and low.Wherein, if available nitrogen >=180mg/kg, basis has
" low " of machine matter test value, " in " grade upgrade to " in ", "high" grade；If available nitrogen < 100mg/kg, then according to organic matter
The "high" grade of test value be downgraded to " in " grade.
Another kind be if the plot without soil testing as a result, if organic matter therein determined according to the quality and color of soil
Content, to assess soil productivity hierarchical level.Table 3 is soil productivity hierarchical level table corresponding with that need to meet condition.
Table 3
As known from Table 3, soil productivity hierarchical level, which is low, corresponding is: the loam or clay of sand or micro- red/micro- Huang；Soil
Territory power hierarchical level corresponding is in being: grey/brown loam or clay；Soil productivity hierarchical level is high corresponding
It is: the loam or clay of black.
Based on the above embodiment, it obtains seed and does not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing, specifically include: seed is not given back in acquisition
The potassium amount of removing and the stalk potassium amount of removing is not given back；It is removed according to not giving back the seed potassium amount of removing and not giving back stalk potassium
Amount, obtaining seed and not giving back needs potassium amount contained in the stalk potassium amount of removing.
Further, seed and the stalk potassium amount of removing is not given back are as follows:
Y=Y1+R1Y2
Wherein, Y does not give back for seed and the stalk potassium amount of removing, Y1Not give back the seed potassium amount of removing, Y2Not give back
The stalk potassium amount of removing, R1Not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing correction coefficient；
Correspondingly, the seed potassium amount of removing is not given back are as follows:
Y1=X0RIEKHIK
Wherein, Y1Not give back the seed potassium amount of removing, X0For target output, RIEKFor ton-grain potassium absorption parameter, HIK
For potassium harvest index；
Correspondingly, the stalk potassium amount of removing is not given back are as follows:
Y2=X0RIEK(1-HIK)(1-R2)
Wherein, Y2Not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing, X0For target output, RIEKFor ton-grain potassium absorption parameter, HIK
For potassium harvest index, R2For straw-returning ratio；
According to not giving back the seed potassium amount of removing and do not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing, seed and stalk potassium is not given back move
Walk amount are as follows:
Y=X0RIEKHIK+R1X0RIEK(1-HIK)(1-R2)
Wherein, Y does not give back for seed and the stalk potassium amount of removing, X0For target output, RIEKFor ton-grain potassium absorption ginseng
Number, HIKFor potassium harvest index, R1Not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing correction coefficient, R2For straw-returning ratio.
It should be noted that ton-grain potassium absorption parameter RIEKBe based on multiple years field test data obtain, including
Rice yield and corresponding overground part potassium absorption data, and the rice specific yield obtained is calculated using QUEFTS model most
Good potassium absorption amount.
In addition, potash fertilizer target recovery rate REKTo be worked as according to the potassium under the conditions of current Optimum and best field management
The estimation of season utilization rate obtains.Specifically, potash fertilizer target recovery rate REKAre as follows:
Wherein, REKFor potash fertilizer target recovery rate, X3For the overground part potassium absorption in any plot of potassium application processing
Amount, X4For the overground part potassium absorption amount in any plot of not potassium application processing, X5For the Potassium Fertilizer of potassium application processing.
Further, potassium harvest index HIKEqually obtained based on many years many years of field test data.Specifically, potassium
Harvest index are as follows:
Wherein, HIKFor potassium harvest index, X3For the overground part potassium absorption amount in any plot, X6For the potassium of seed
Plain uptake.
For example, for a season rice, ton-grain potassium absorption parameter RIEKValue is 19.4kg K2O/t, potash fertilizer target are returned
Yield REKValue is 50%, potassium harvest index HIKValue is 0.22.
Based on the above embodiment, upper season potassium residual effect amount are as follows: Z=R3(Z1-Z2), wherein Z is potassium of upper season residual effect amount, Z1
For potassium application amount of upper season, Z2For seed of upper season and the stalk potassium amount of removing, Z1-Z2For soil apparent Potassium balance surplus value of upper season,
R3For soil apparent Potassium balance surplus value coefficient of upper season.
Specifically, it is contemplated that soil surplus of upper season potassium has the risk of runoff and filter loss, and upper season potassium residual effect is root
According to soil apparent Potassium balance surplus value Z of upper season1-Z2Multiplied by soil apparent Potassium balance surplus value coefficient R of upper season3It is estimated
, such as by soil apparent Potassium balance surplus value coefficient R of upper season3It is set as 0.8.And if potassium of upper season is in the state that wanes,
Potassium residual effect amount of upper season is not considered then.
Further, feedback of the setting soil potassium tension metrics as amount of potassium applied: soil potassium balances profit and loss amplitude not
It can exceed that the 10% of the overground part potassium absorption amount of rice, to guarantee the efficient using sustainable with soil potassium of fertilizer potassium
Supply.
It should be noted that potassium application amount of upper season is according to factual survey data acquisition, upper season seed and stalk potassium are removed
Amount is the sum of seed of the upper season potassium amount of removing and the upper season stalk potassium amount of removing, i.e. Z2=Z3+Z4, wherein Z2For seed of upper season and
The stalk potassium amount of removing, Z3For the seed potassium amount of removing of upper season, Z4For the stalk potassium amount of removing of upper season.
Further, Z3=X7RIEKHIK, wherein Z3For the seed potassium amount of removing of upper season, X7For yield of upper season, RIEKFor
Ton-grain potassium absorption parameter, HIKFor potassium harvest index；Z4=X7RIEK(1-HIK)(1-R2), wherein Z4For stalk potassium of upper season
The element amount of removing, X7For yield of upper season, RIEKFor ton-grain potassium absorption parameter, HIKFor potassium harvest index, R2For straw-returning ratio
Example.
Therefore, according to T=X+Y-Z, wherein T is to recommend Potassium Fertilizer, and X is that yield response needs potassium amount, and Y is for seed and not
The stalk potassium amount of removing is given back, Z is potassium of upper season residual effect amount, it is known that recommends Potassium Fertilizer specifically:
Wherein, T is to recommend Potassium Fertilizer, X1Yield, X are handled for potassium application2Yield, X are handled for not potassium application1-X2To produce
Quantitative response, RIEKFor ton-grain potassium absorption parameter, REKFor potash fertilizer target recovery rate, X0For target output, HIKRefer to for potassium harvest
Number, Z1For potassium application amount of upper season, Z2For seed of upper season and the stalk potassium amount of removing, R1Not give back the correction of the stalk potassium amount of removing
Coefficient, R2For straw-returning ratio, R3For soil apparent Potassium balance surplus value coefficient of upper season.
Based on the above embodiment, a specific crop field verification test is given below, stalk should be based on also to be described in detail
Field one season rice Potassium Fertilizer method of adjustment process and effect:
Field trial is carried out in the two season rice main producing regions in Heilongjiang Province and Jilin Province, for one season rice straw returning to the field condition
Under potassium recommendation method verified, amount to 24 testing sites, wherein 10, Heilungkiang testing site, 14, Jilin check post.
Before season seed rice plant, the plot plantation situation of each testing site is investigated, former years fertilising, yield and straw-returning are understood
Situation determines target output and yield response according to investigation result, calculates recommendation by this optimization potassium recommendation method (OPT)
Potassium Fertilizer (table 4) and corresponding nitrogenous fertilizer and Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates (recommended method is similar with the method), while local soil measurement formula is set
Fertilizer treatment (ST) and peasant habit processing (FP) are as control.
Table 4 is one season of different disposal rice dose comparison sheet, as shown in table 4, according to amount of potassium applied the results show that Heilungkiang
Save one season rice recommendation Potassium Fertilizer range be 59~107kg K2O/ha, the Potassium Fertilizer in Jilin Province is in 84~107kg K2O/
ha.In 24 testing sites, the average Potassium Fertilizer of OPT has 17 points to be greater than ST recommendation results, and 15 points are greater than FP dosage.From
From the point of view of average Potassium Fertilizer result, it is 84kgK that Heilongjiang Province OPT, which recommends Potassium Fertilizer,2O/ha, Jilin Province's OPT dosage are
93kgK2O/ha, it is substantially suitable with the result of fertilization compositions based on earth measurement, and compared to peasant habit, increase the input amount of potash fertilizer.
Table 4
Although being applied fertilizer based on the Potassium Fertilizer that the method is recommended higher than peasant habit, potash fertilizer target recovery rate REKPhase
Than significantly improving in fertilization compositions based on earth measurement and peasant habit fertilising, table 5 is one season of different disposal rice yield, potassium utilization rate, soil
Earth Potassium balance and economic benefits comparison table, as shown in table 5, the potash fertilizer target recovery rate of Heilongjiang Province and Jilin Province OPT processing
REK40.7% and 43.4% are respectively reached, shows that the potash fertilizer recommended amounts based on straw-returning ratio have obtained more efficient benefit
With.And from the point of view of the soil apparent Potassium balance result finally calculated, the potassium balance of Heilongjiang Province and Jilin Province OPT processing
Respectively -12.2 and 7.1kg K2O/ha, soil potassium profit and loss value only take up an area 6.0% He of top potassium absorption amount respectively
5.1%, it is more reasonable compared with the soil potassium equilibrium condition under peasant habit fertilizer application mode, to ensure that holding for soil potassium
Continuous deliverability.
In terms of yield analyze, Heilongjiang Province and Jilin Province OPT processing one season rice average product be respectively 8065 Hes
8759kg/ha increases income 12.0% and 1.8% compared to local peasant household's yield respectively.Correspondingly, the economic effect of two province OPT processing
Benefit increases income 0.28 and 0.05 ten thousand yuan/ha than FP processing respectively respectively.It can be seen that originally research and propose based on different straw-returnings
The potash fertilizer recommended method of ratio can ensure one season rice potash fertilizer efficient utilization, achieved the purpose that peasant's increasing both production and income.
Table 5
Fig. 2 is that the season rice Potassium Fertilizer based on straw-returning of the embodiment of the present invention adjusts the structural schematic diagram of device,
As shown in Fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of season rice Potassium Fertilizer adjustment device based on straw-returning, which includes
Acquiring unit 201 and adjustment unit 202, in which:
Acquiring unit 201, the yield response for obtaining any plot need potassium amount, seed and do not give back stalk potassium to remove
Amount and potassium residual effect amount of upper season；Wherein, yield response needs the potassium application that potassium amount is any plot to handle yield and not potassium application
Handle the difference of yield yield response it is corresponding need potassium amount, seed and do not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing be any plot not and also
Potassium amount contained by field seed and stalk, upper season potassium residual effect amount are to remain potassium amount in the upper season in any plot.
Specifically, for one season rice, by any plot of acquiring unit 201 one season rice stalk part be used for returning to the field,
Part is not used for returning to the field, then removes potassium amount contained by the seed and stalk in field and be seed and do not give back stalk potassium and remove
Amount；It is that potassium application processing yield is more corresponding than the yield response that not potassium application processing yield increases that the yield response in the plot, which needs potassium amount,
Need potassium amount, wherein yield response is that the potassium application in any plot handles yield than the increased yield of not potassium application processing yield；
The plot preceding quarter potassium application is not lost completely, therefore there are preceding quarter potassium residual effect amounts.
Adjustment unit 202, for needing potassium amount, seed according to yield response and not giving back the stalk potassium amount of removing, Yi Jishang
Season potassium residual effect amount, determine be used for any plot recommendation Potassium Fertilizer, to adjust the Potassium Fertilizer in any plot.
Specifically, by adjusting unit 202 according to any plot one season rice yield response need potassium amount, non-returning to the field seed
With the stalk potassium amount of removing and potassium residual effect amount of upper season, the recommendation Potassium Fertilizer for being used for the plot is determined, so as to adjust the ground
The Potassium Fertilizer of block.
The embodiment of the present invention by one season rice straw-returning be applied to Potassium Fertilizer during, can be according to straw-returning ratio
The Potassium Fertilizer for accordingly adjusting any plot guarantees that the high yield of crop production with efficiently, is easy to study and practical operation；According to not
It is reacted with plot potash fertilizer yield and carries out specific aim recommendation, overcome the blindness of peasant habit fertilising, it is flat to avoid soil potassium
Excessively waning or surplus for weighing apparatus, improves crop yield, to increase the income of peasant.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the electronic equipment of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 3, the embodiment of the invention provides
A kind of electronic equipment, the electronic equipment include: processor (processor) 301, communication interface (Communications
Interface) 302, memory (memory) 303 and communication bus 304, wherein processor 301, communication interface 302, storage
Device 303 completes mutual communication by communication bus 304.Processor 301 can call on memory 303 and can be in processor
The computer program run on 301, with execute the various embodiments described above offer based on straw-returning one season rice Potassium Fertilizer tune
Adjusting method, for example, the yield response for obtaining any plot needs potassium amount, seed and does not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing, and
Upper season potassium residual effect amount；Wherein, yield response needs the potassium application that potassium amount is any plot to handle yield and the processing production of not potassium application
The yield response of the difference of amount is corresponding to need potassium amount, seed and does not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing as the non-returning to the field seed in any plot
With potassium amount contained by stalk, upper season potassium residual effect amount is to remain potassium amount in the upper season in any plot；Potassium is needed according to yield response
Amount and does not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing and potassium residual effect amount of upper season at seed, determines that the recommendation potash fertilizer for any plot is used
Amount, to adjust the Potassium Fertilizer in any plot.
In addition, the logical order in above-mentioned memory 303 can be realized by way of SFU software functional unit and conduct
Independent product when selling or using, can store in a computer readable storage medium.Based on this understanding, originally
Substantially the part of the part that contributes to existing technology or the technical solution can be in other words for the technical solution of invention
The form of software product embodies, which is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions to
So that a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server or the network equipment etc.) executes each implementation of the present invention
The all or part of the steps of example method.And storage medium above-mentioned includes: USB flash disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-
Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic or disk etc. are various can be with
Store the medium of program code.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of non-transient computer readable storage medium, is stored thereon with computer program,
The computer program be implemented to carry out when being executed by processor the various embodiments described above offer based on straw-returning one season rice potassium
Fertile amount adjustment method, for example, the yield response for obtaining any plot needs potassium amount, seed and do not give back stalk potassium to remove
Amount and potassium residual effect amount of upper season；Wherein, yield response needs the potassium application that potassium amount is any plot to handle yield and not potassium application
Handle the difference of yield yield response it is corresponding need potassium amount, seed and do not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing be any plot not and also
Potassium amount contained by field seed and stalk, upper season potassium residual effect amount are to remain potassium amount in the upper season in any plot；It is anti-according to yield
It should need potassium amount, seed and not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing and potassium residual effect amount of upper season, determine the recommendation for being used for any plot
Potassium Fertilizer, to adjust the Potassium Fertilizer in any plot.
The embodiments such as electronic equipment described above are only schematical, wherein unit as illustrated by the separation member
It may or may not be physically separated, component shown as a unit may or may not be physics list
Member, it can it is in one place, or may be distributed over multiple network units.It can be selected according to the actual needs
In some or all of the modules achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.Those of ordinary skill in the art are not paying creativeness
Labour in the case where, it can understand and implement.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be understood that each embodiment can
It realizes by means of software and necessary general hardware platform, naturally it is also possible to pass through hardware.Based on this understanding, on
Stating technical solution, substantially the part that contributes to existing technology can be embodied in the form of software products in other words, should
Computer software product may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, CD, including several fingers
It enables and using so that a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server or the network equipment etc.) executes each implementation
Certain Part Methods of example or embodiment.
Compared with prior art, the positive effect of the present invention are as follows:
1, based on straw-returning one season rice potash fertilizer fertilization recommendation method, catered to the main trend of China's straw-returning, no
A large amount of resources that stalk brings soil into are only efficiently utilized, and this method can be according to straw-returning ratio phase on the spot
The dosage that potash fertilizer should be adjusted realizes the purpose of accurate application of potash fertilizer.
2, the potassium recommendation method comprehensively considered one season rice yield response needed for potassium amount, give back seed and stalk and move
Potassium amount and upper season potash fertilizer residual are walked, and is adjusted with reference to soil potassium equilibrium condition, the benign cycle and benefit of potassium are promoted
With, so as to guarantee Rice Production high yield and efficiently.
3, compared with peasant habit fertilising, which is directed to according to the yield response of different plot potash fertilizer
Property recommend, overcome peasant habit fertilising blindness, can accomplish that one, family formula meets China based on smallholder
Management mode；This method only needs scientific research personnel or peasant to obtain several essential informations to pre- potassium application plot, then by upper
The formula calculating stated can obtain suitable Potassium Fertilizer, compared with fertilization compositions based on earth measurement, be easy to study and practical operation.
4, field verification test proves, carries out recommendation Potassium Fertilizer using the fertilizing method, compared with peasant habit fertilising,
The yield for improving rice avoids excessively waning or surplus for soil potassium balance, and increases the income of peasant.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；
And these are modified or replaceed, technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution spirit and
Range.
Claims (10)
1. it is a kind of based on straw-returning one season rice Potassium Fertilizer method of adjustment characterized by comprising
The yield response for obtaining any plot needs potassium amount, seed and does not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing and potassium residual effect of upper season
Amount；Wherein, the yield response need the potassium application that potassium amount is any plot handle yield and not potassium application handle yield it
The yield response of difference is corresponding to need potassium amount, the seed and does not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing as the non-returning to the field in any plot
Potassium amount contained by seed and stalk, potassium of the upper season residual effect amount are to remain potassium amount in the upper season in any plot；
Potassium amount, the seed are needed according to the yield response and do not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing and the potassium of upper season is residual
Effect amount determines the recommendation Potassium Fertilizer for being used for any plot, to adjust the Potassium Fertilizer in any plot.
2. it is according to claim 1 based on straw-returning one season rice Potassium Fertilizer method of adjustment, which is characterized in that according to
The yield response needs potassium amount, the seed and does not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing and potassium of the upper season residual effect amount, determines
It is specifically included for the recommendation Potassium Fertilizer in any plot with adjusting the Potassium Fertilizer in any plot:
T=X+Y-Z
Wherein, T is to recommend Potassium Fertilizer, and X is that yield response needs potassium amount, and Y is seed and does not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing, and Z is
Upper season potassium residual effect amount.
3. it is according to claim 1 based on straw-returning one season rice Potassium Fertilizer method of adjustment, which is characterized in that obtain
The yield response needs potassium amount, specifically includes:
Wherein, X is that yield response needs potassium amount, X1Yield, X are handled for potassium application2Yield, X are handled for not potassium application1-X2For yield
Reaction, RIEKFor ton-grain potassium absorption parameter, REKFor potash fertilizer target recovery rate；
The potash fertilizer target recovery rate are as follows:
Wherein, REKFor potash fertilizer target recovery rate, X3For the overground part potassium absorption amount in any plot of potassium application processing, X4
For the overground part potassium absorption amount in any plot of not potassium application processing, X5For the Potassium Fertilizer of potassium application processing.
4. it is described in claim 1 based on straw-returning one season rice Potassium Fertilizer method of adjustment, it is characterised in that: described in acquisition
Seed and the stalk potassium amount of removing is not given back, specifically include:
It obtains the seed potassium amount of removing and does not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing；
According to it is described do not give back the seed potassium amount of removing and it is described do not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing, obtain the seed and do not return
The also stalk potassium amount of removing.
5. it is as claimed in claim 4 based on straw-returning one season rice Potassium Fertilizer method of adjustment, which is characterized in that the seed
The stalk potassium amount of removing is not given back are as follows:
Y=Y1+R1Y2
Wherein, Y does not give back for seed and the stalk potassium amount of removing, Y1Not give back the seed potassium amount of removing, Y2Not give back stalk
The potassium amount of removing, R1Not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing correction coefficient；
It is correspondingly, described not give back the seed potassium amount of removing are as follows:
Y1=X0RIEKHIK
Wherein, Y1Not give back the seed potassium amount of removing, X0For target output, RIEKFor ton-grain potassium absorption parameter, HIKFor potassium
Harvest index；
It is correspondingly, described not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing are as follows:
Y2=X0RIEK(1-HIK)(1-R2)
Wherein, Y2Not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing, X0For target output, RIEKFor ton-grain potassium absorption parameter, HIKFor potassium
Harvest index, R2For straw-returning ratio；
According to it is described do not give back the seed potassium amount of removing and it is described do not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing, the seed and do not give back straw
The stalk potassium amount of removing are as follows:
Y=X0RIEKHIK+R1X0RIEK(1-HIK)(1-R2)
Wherein, Y does not give back for seed and the stalk potassium amount of removing, X0For target output, RIEKFor ton-grain potassium absorption parameter, HIK
For potassium harvest index, R1Not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing correction coefficient, R2For straw-returning ratio.
6. it is according to claim 5 based on straw-returning one season rice Potassium Fertilizer method of adjustment, which is characterized in that it is described
Potassium harvest index are as follows:
Wherein, HIKFor potassium harvest index, X3For the overground part potassium absorption amount in any plot, X6It is inhaled for the potassium of seed
Receipts amount.
7. it is according to claim 1 based on straw-returning one season rice Potassium Fertilizer method of adjustment, which is characterized in that obtain
Potassium of the upper season residual effect amount, specifically includes:
Z=R3(Z1-Z2)
Wherein, Z is potassium of upper season residual effect amount, Z1For potassium application amount of upper season, Z2For seed of upper season and the stalk potassium amount of removing, Z1-Z2
For soil apparent Potassium balance surplus value of upper season, R3For soil apparent Potassium balance surplus value coefficient of upper season.
8. it is according to claim 2 based on straw-returning one season rice Potassium Fertilizer method of adjustment, which is characterized in that it is described
Recommend Potassium Fertilizer, specifically:
Wherein, T is to recommend Potassium Fertilizer, X1Yield, X are handled for potassium application2Yield, X are handled for not potassium application1-X2It is anti-for yield
It answers, RIEKFor ton-grain potassium absorption parameter, REKFor potash fertilizer target recovery rate, X0For target output, HIKFor potassium harvest index, Z1
For potassium application amount of upper season, Z2For seed of upper season and the stalk potassium amount of removing, R1Not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing correction coefficient,
R2For straw-returning ratio, R3For soil apparent Potassium balance surplus value coefficient of upper season.
9. it is as claimed in claim 4 based on straw-returning one season rice Potassium Fertilizer method of adjustment, which is characterized in that the yield
Reaction are as follows:
X1-X2=X0R4
Wherein, X1Yield, X are handled for potassium application2Yield, X are handled for not potassium application1-X2For yield response, X0For target output,
R4For yield response coefficient.
10. an a kind of season rice Potassium Fertilizer based on straw-returning adjusts device characterized by comprising
Acquiring unit, the yield response for obtaining any plot need potassium amount, seed and do not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing, and
Upper season potassium residual effect amount；Wherein, the yield response needs the potassium application that potassium amount is any plot to handle yield and do not apply potassium
The yield response of the difference of fertilizer processing yield is corresponding to need potassium amount, the seed and not give back the stalk potassium amount of removing be described any
Potassium amount contained by the non-returning to the field seed and stalk in plot, potassium of the upper season residual effect amount are to remain in the upper season in any plot
Potassium amount；
Adjustment unit, for needing potassium amount, the seed according to the yield response and not giving back the stalk potassium amount of removing, Yi Jisuo
Season potassium residual effect amount is stated, the recommendation Potassium Fertilizer for being used for any plot is determined, to adjust the potash fertilizer in any plot
Dosage.
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| CN106797746A (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2017-06-06 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of method of fertilizer amount needed for crops under the conditions of quick determination straw-returning |
| CN108575240A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-09-28 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of Nonirrigated Potato optimization fertilization recommendation method based on model |
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| CN106797746A (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2017-06-06 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of method of fertilizer amount needed for crops under the conditions of quick determination straw-returning |
| CN108575240A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-09-28 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of Nonirrigated Potato optimization fertilization recommendation method based on model |
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Application publication date: 20190802 |