CN109197342A - A kind of tea place potash fertilizer fertilization recommendation method - Google Patents
A kind of tea place potash fertilizer fertilization recommendation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109197342A CN109197342A CN201811231821.0A CN201811231821A CN109197342A CN 109197342 A CN109197342 A CN 109197342A CN 201811231821 A CN201811231821 A CN 201811231821A CN 109197342 A CN109197342 A CN 109197342A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements
Abstract
The present invention provide a kind of tea place potash fertilizer fertilization recommendation method pass through determine target output, the potassium residual effect for determining yield response, determining tea place of the upper season, so that it is determined that tea place amount of potassium applied.This method mainly determined the amount of potassium applied of tea garden soil by the potassium residual effect in the yield response in determining tea place and target output and tea place of the upper season.Parameter required for this method is easy to get, have soil testing and tea place without soil testing in all can be used.Be conducive to recommend application in the fertilizer in the tea place of this agricultural production system based on smallholder in China.While improving potassium utilization rate, problem of environmental pollution caused by due to potash fertilizer is excessively applied is also avoided, tea grower's planting benefit is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields that applies fertilizers scientifically, and are related to a kind of tea place potash fertilizer fertilization recommendation method.
Background technique
Potassium is commonly known as Quality Element, has a major impact to the quality of tealeaves, at tea tree potassium deficiency initial stage, old leaf or maturation
There is brown spot in the blade tip and leaf margin of leaf, and when to the later period, the brown spot range occurred before expands to form brown plaque.?
When potassium is seriously insufficient, the terminal bud of tea tree can stop growing, and newly slightly greenery gradually chlorosis, color can gradually become faint yellow,
The disease resistance of tea tree can also decline, and be easy to be influenced (You Xueqin, 2008) by pest and disease damage.Potassium is also the big of growth of tea plant simultaneously
One of secondary element, tea tree newly slightly in content be only second to nitrogen (Geng Jianmei, 2005).The application of potash fertilizer can also promote tea tree to nitrogen
Be absorbed and utilized, improve tea yield.The Potassium Fertilizer situation in China tea place is different with the excessive fertilization of nitrogen phosphorus, and China has quite
There is Potassium Fertilizer deficiency in a part of tea place.According to investigations, Zhejiang Province have 48.8% tea place potassium deficiency (Ma Lifeng,
2013).So Rational Application potash fertilizer is for tea place upgrading synergy important in inhibiting.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of tea place potash fertilizer fertilization recommendation method, it is to obtain by a large amount of field trials early period
The relationship of tea place amount of potassium applied and target output, yield response and upper season potassium residual effect out.Then according to the target in determining tea place
Yield, yield response and upper season potassium residual effect determine tea place amount of potassium applied.To which more scientific instructs tea place Potassium Fertilizer, improve
Potassium utilization rate reduces adverse effect of the application to environment of potash fertilizer.With preferable economic benefit and environmental benefit.
A kind of tea place potash fertilizer fertilization recommendation method provided by the invention, is realized by following steps:
1. determining target output (t/ha): target output=peasant can get 1.3 (a large amount of field verification test tables of yield *
It is bright, it is applied fertilizer using potash fertilizer fertilization recommendation method of the invention compared with peasant habit, 30%) the dark brownish green yield of spring tea can averagely be increased production;
2. determining the yield response of potassium: the yield response of potassium is exactly that the well-off processing of N P and K is in liberal supply with nitrogen phosphorus
But the processing yield that potassium is not applied is poor,
(a) if the yield response in tea place it is known that if directly carry out following step (3) solve;
If (b) yield response is unknown, but there are soil testing data in the tea place, then determines tea place according to following standard
Corresponding soil nutrient grade: the tea garden soil of high fertility needs while meeting the following conditions: organic matter > 15g/kg, full nitrogen >
1g/kg, available phosphorus > 10mg/kg, available potassium > 120mg/kg;The tea garden soil of middle fertility needs while meeting the following conditions:
10g/kg < organic matter < 15g/kg, 0.8g/kg < full nitrogen < 1g/kg, 5mg/kg < available phosphorus < 10mg/kg, 80mg/kg < available potassium <
120mg/kg;Be unsatisfactory for conditions above is low fertility soil;
If (c) tea place yield response is unknown, and without soil testing data, then determine that tea garden soil is supported according to the following conditions
The tea garden soil of graduation, high fertility needs while meeting: the soil texture is loamy texture or cement, and soil color is black, organic
Matter content is high.The tea garden soil of middle fertility needs while meeting: the soil texture is loamy texture or cement, and soil color is grey or brown
Color, the content of organic matter are medium.Be not belonging to both the above situation is low fertility tea place;
Soil nutrient Class Of Supply is determined according to above (b)-(c) and then determines that Different Soil Nutrients grade is corresponding
Yield response coefficient.The corresponding potassium yield response coefficient of low fertility tea garden soil is 0.23, the corresponding potassium of middle fertility tea garden soil
Yield response coefficient is 0.1, and the corresponding potassium yield response coefficient of high fertility tea garden soil is 0.02.Then according to the mesh in (1)
Yield is marked, by formula: yield response=target output * yield response coefficient determines yield response.
3. determining the potassium residual effect in a upper season: after tea garden soil Potassium balance refers to the potash fertilizer investment in season tea place, not having
The nutrient taken away by tealeaves of upper season and tealeaves lop.The potassium residual effect in tea place considers the 50% of tea garden soil Potassium balance.
According to formula;Potassium residual effect=(made in upper season organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer nutrient input amount-upper season the tealeaves nutrient amount of removing) * 0.5 can
To obtain the potassium residual effect in tea place.It is calculated if potassium residual effect is less than 0 according to 0.
Wherein: upper season the dark brownish green amount of removing of the dark brownish green amount of removing of the tealeaves nutrient amount of the removing=upper season+branches and leaves amount of removing upper season in upper season
=upper season yield * 4.41;The upper upper season yield * of the season tealeaves lop amount of removing=5.38* (1- returning to the field ratio) *.
4. determining amount of potassium applied: as the dark brownish green yield < 3000kg/ha of target spring tea, amount of potassium applied (FP, kg P2O5/ ha)=produce
Quantitative response * 169+20.88* target output-upper season potassium residual effect;The amount of potassium applied as target spring tea dark brownish green yield >=3000kg/ha
(FP,kgP2O5/ ha)=yield response * 147+7.26* target output-upper season potassium residual effect.
A kind of tea place potash fertilizer disclosed in this invention recommends method of administration easy to operate, and parameter needed for each step is easy
It obtains, the yield and quality correlation of the yield response of potassium and tea tree is high, the method disclosed in the present and whether there is or not soil to survey
It can be used in the case where examination, can reasonably recommend the amount of application of potash fertilizer for peasant, while improving potassium utilization rate, reduce
Influence of the potash fertilizer to environment is suitble to tea place of the China based on smallholder to produce system.Existing survey soil is also overcomed simultaneously to match
The soil testing result just applied fertilizer and the disadvantages of crop correlation is poor, soil measurement formula realization is difficult and fertilization compositions based on earth measurement is at high cost.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described in conjunction with the embodiments.
Embodiment 1
The dark brownish green yield of spring tea of phytosaur well tea place last year a kind of is 2t/ha, last year tea place organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer potassium input amount
For 80kg/ha.Upper 100% returning to the field of season tealeaves lop.Known yield response is 0.3t/ha.According to formula: target output=agriculture
The people can get yield * 1.3, obtain the target output=2*1.3=2.6t/ha in this year.The upper season tealeaves nutrient amount of removing=2*
4.41=8.82kg/ha.Or more season potassium residual effect=(80-8.82) * 50%=35.59kg/ha.According to formula: amount of potassium applied
(FP,kg K2O ha)=yield response * 169+20.88* target output-upper season potassium residual effect=69kg/ha.Using potash fertilizer as
Base manure once applies, and obtaining the dark brownish green yield of spring tea is 2.46t/ha.
Embodiment 2
The dark brownish green yield of spring tea of a plant Fuding white tea garden last year is 4t/ha, and last year tea place organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer potassium are thrown
Entering amount is 80kg/ha.Upper season tealeaves lop is all removed, it is known that yield response 0.5t/ha, according to formula: target output
=peasant can get yield * 1.3, obtain the target output=4*1.3=5.2t/ha in this year.Upper season tealeaves nutrient removes=4*
4.41+5.38*4=39.16kg/ha.Or more season potassium residual effect=(80-39.16) * 50%=20.42kg/ha.According to public affairs
Formula: amount of potassium applied (FP, kg K2O/ha)=yield response * 147+7.26* target output-upper season potassium residual effect=91kg/ha.It will
Potash fertilizer is once applied as base manure, and obtaining the dark brownish green yield of spring tea is 5.03t/ha.
Embodiment 3
The dark brownish green yield of spring tea of a plant tongue fur tea tea place last year is 2.5t/ha, last year tea place organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer potassium investment
Amount is 80kg/ha, and upper season tealeaves lop 100% is removed.The tea place passes through observation, the tea garden soil without soil testing data
Quality is loamy texture, and soil color is brown, and the content of organic matter is medium.This can be determined according to the estimation of soil nutrient Class Of Supply
The soil nutrient grade in tea place be it is medium, corresponding potassium yield response coefficient be 0.1.According to formula: target output=peasant can
Yield * 1.3 is obtained, obtains the target output=2.5*1.3=3.25t/ha in this year.Yield response=target output * potassium yield
Reaction coefficient=0.1*3.25=0.325t/ha.The upper season tealeaves nutrient amount of removing=2.5*4.41+2.5*5.38=24.48kg/
ha.Or more season potassium residual effect=(80-24.48) * 50%=27.76kg/ha.According to formula: amount of potassium applied (FP, kg K2O/
Ha)=yield response * 147+7.26* target output-upper season potassium residual effect=43.61kg/ha.It is once applied using potash fertilizer as base manure
Enter, obtaining the dark brownish green yield of spring tea is 3.27t/ha.
Embodiment 4
The dark brownish green yield of spring tea of a plant water Gu tea tea place last year is 5t/ha, last year tea place organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer potassium investment
Amount is 80kg/ha.Upper season tealeaves lop 100% is removed.The tea place passes through observation, the tea garden soil without soil testing data
Quality is loamy texture, and soil color is black, and the content of organic matter is high.The tea can be determined according to the estimation of soil nutrient Class Of Supply
The soil nutrient grade in garden is height, and corresponding potassium yield response coefficient is 0.02.According to formula: target output=peasant can get
Yield * 1.3 obtains the target output=5*1.3=6.5t/ha in this year.Yield response=target output * potassium yield response coefficient
=0.02*6.5=0.13t/ha.The upper season tealeaves nutrient amount of removing=5*4.41+5*5.38=48.95kg/ha.Or more season potassium
Plain residual effect=(80-22.05) * 50%=15.53kg/ha.According to formula: amount of potassium applied (FP, kg K2O/ha)=yield response *
147+7.26* target output-upper season potassium residual effect=51kg/ha.It is once applied using potash fertilizer as base manure, obtains the dark brownish green production of spring tea
Amount is 6.23t/ha.
Embodiment 5
The dark brownish green yield of spring tea of a plant tongue fur tea tea place last year is 1.5t/ha, last year tea place organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer potassium investment
Amount is 80kg/ha, upper 100% returning to the field of season tealeaves lop.There are a soil testing data in the tea place, content of organic matter 10g/kg,
Total nitrogen content is 0.6g/kg, available phosphorus content 4mg/kg, quick-acting potassium content 60mg/kg.Meet low fertility soil to soil
The requirement of nutrient, corresponding potassium yield response coefficient are 0.23.According to formula: target output=peasant can get yield * 1.3,
Obtain the target output=1.5*1.3=1.95t/ha in this year.Yield response=target output * potassium yield response coefficient=
0.23*1.95=0.45t/ha.The upper season tealeaves nutrient amount of removing=1.5*4.41=6.62kg/ha.Or more season potassium residual effect
=(80-6.62) * 50%=36.69kg/ha.According to formula: amount of potassium applied (FP, kg K2O/ha)=yield response * 169+
20.88* target output-upper season potassium residual effect=80kg/ha.It is once applied using potash fertilizer as base manure, obtains the dark brownish green yield of spring tea
For 2.03t/ha.
Embodiment 6
The dark brownish green yield of spring tea of phytosaur well tea place last year a kind of is 2t/ha, last year tea place organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer potassium input amount
For 80kg/ha, upper 50% returning to the field of season tealeaves lop.There are soil testing data, content of organic matter 12g/kg, full nitrogen in the tea place
Content is 0.9g/kg, available phosphorus content 8mg/kg, quick-acting potassium content 100mg/kg.Fertile soil supports soil in satisfaction
The requirement divided, corresponding potassium yield response coefficient are 0.1.According to formula: target output=peasant can get yield * 1.3, obtain
Target output=the 2*1.3=2.6t/ha in this year.Yield response=target output * potassium yield response coefficient=0.1*2.6=
0.26t/ha.The upper season tealeaves nutrient amount of removing=2*4.41+2*5.38*50%=14.2kg/ha.Or more season potassium residual effect=
(80-14.2) * 50%=32.9kg/ha.According to formula: amount of potassium applied (FP, kg K2O/ha)=yield response * 169+20.88*
Target output-upper season potassium residual effect obtains=65kg/ha.It is once applied using potash fertilizer as base manure, obtaining the dark brownish green yield of spring tea is
2.55t/ha。
Embodiment 7
The dark brownish green yield of spring tea for planting turtledove hole kind tea place last year is 1.5t/ha, and last year tea place organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer potassium are thrown
Entering amount is 80kg/ha, upper 70% returning to the field of season tealeaves lop.The tea place makes discovery from observation without soil testing data, soil matter
Ground is chiltern, and color is red, and the content of organic matter is low, belongs to low fertility soil, and corresponding potassium yield response coefficient is 0.23.Root
According to formula: target output=peasant can get yield * 1.3, obtain the target output=1.5*1.3=1.95t/ha in this year.It produces
Quantitative response=target output * potassium yield response coefficient=0.23*1.95=0.45t/ha.The upper season tealeaves nutrient amount of removing=1.5*
4.41+1.5*5.38* (1-70%)=9.04kg/ha.Or more season potassium residual effect=(80-9.04) * 50%=35.48kg/
ha.According to formula: amount of potassium applied (FP, kgK2O/ha)=yield response * 169+20.88* target output-upper season potassium residual effect obtains
=81kg/ha.It is once applied using potash fertilizer as base manure, obtaining the dark brownish green yield of spring tea is 2.23t/ha.
Embodiment 8
The dark brownish green yield of spring tea of a plant water Gu tea tea place last year is 6t/ha, last year tea place organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer potassium investment
Amount is 80kg/ha, upper 50% returning to the field of season tealeaves lop.There are a soil testing data in the tea place, content of organic matter 20g/kg, entirely
Nitrogen content is 2.3g/kg, available phosphorus content 18mg/kg, quick-acting potassium content 160mg/kg.Meet high fertility soil to soil
The requirement of nutrient, corresponding potassium yield response coefficient are 0.02.According to formula: target output=peasant can get yield * 1.3,
Obtain the target output=6*1.3=7.8t/ha in this year.Yield response=target output * potassium yield response coefficient=0.02*
7.8=0.16t/ha.The upper season tealeaves nutrient amount of removing=6*4.41+6*5.38*50%=42.6kg/ha.Or more season potassium
Residual effect=(80-42.6) * 50%=18.7kg/ha.According to formula: amount of potassium applied (FP, kg K2O/ha)=yield response * 147+
7.26* target output-upper season potassium residual effect obtains=61kg/ha.It is once applied using potash fertilizer as base manure, obtains the dark brownish green production of spring tea
Amount is 7.28t/ha.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of tea place potash fertilizer fertilization recommendation method, which is characterized in that realized by following steps:
(1) determine target output: target output=peasant can get yield * 1.3;
(2) yield response of potassium is determined:
(a) if the yield response of tea place potassium it is known that if directly carry out following step (3);
If (b) yield response of tea place potassium is unknown, soil nutrient grade is first determined, then determine that Different Soil Nutrients grade is corresponding
Yield response coefficient, the corresponding potassium yield response coefficient of low fertility tea garden soil is 0.23, and middle fertility tea garden soil is corresponding
Potassium yield response coefficient is 0.1, and the corresponding potassium yield response coefficient of high fertility tea garden soil is 0.02;Then according in (1)
Target output, by formula: yield response=target output * yield response coefficient determines yield response;
(3) the potassium residual effect in a upper season was determined: not upper after tea garden soil Potassium balance refers to the potash fertilizer investment in season tea place
Season the tealeaves and nutrient taken away of tealeaves lop.The potassium residual effect in tea place considers the 50% of tea garden soil Potassium balance, according to
Formula: potassium residual effect=(made in upper season organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer nutrient input amount-upper season the tealeaves nutrient amount of removing) * 0.5 obtains tea
The potassium residual effect in garden calculates if potassium residual effect is less than 0 according to 0;
(4) amount of potassium applied is determined: as the dark brownish green yield < 3000kg/ha of target spring tea, amount of potassium applied (FP, kg P2O5/ ha)=yield
React * 169+20.88* target output-upper season potassium residual effect;The amount of potassium applied as target spring tea dark brownish green yield >=3000kg/ha
(FP,kg P2O5/ ha)=yield response * 147+7.26* target output-upper season potassium residual effect.
2. a kind of tea place potash fertilizer fertilization recommendation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in (b) of step (2),
Soil nutrient grade is according to identified below:
If (a) yield response in tea place is unknown, but there are soil testing data in the tea place, then determines tea according to following standard
The corresponding soil nutrient grade in garden:
The tea garden soil of high fertility needs while meeting the following conditions: organic matter > 15g/kg, full nitrogen > 1g/kg, available phosphorus >
10mg/kg, available potassium > 120mg/kg;The tea garden soil of middle fertility needs while meeting the following conditions: 10g/kg < organic matter <
15g/kg, 0.8g/kg < full nitrogen < 1g/kg, 5mg/kg < available phosphorus < 10mg/kg, 80mg/kg < available potassium < 120mg/kg;It is discontented
The tea garden soil of the as low fertility of sufficient conditions above;
If (b) yield response in tea place is unknown, and without soil testing data, then determines tea garden soil nutrient according to the following conditions
Grade:
The tea garden soil of high fertility needs while meeting: the soil texture is loamy texture or cement, and soil color is black, and organic matter contains
Amount is high;The tea garden soil of middle fertility needs to meet simultaneously: the soil texture is loamy texture or cement, and soil color is grey or brown,
The content of organic matter is medium;Be not belonging to both the above situation is the tea garden soil of low fertility.
3. a kind of tea place potash fertilizer fertilization recommendation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (3): upper season tea
The dark brownish green amount of removing of the dark brownish green amount of removing of the leaf nutrient amount of the removing=upper season+branches and leaves amount of removing upper season in upper season=yield * of upper season 4.41;Upper season
The upper season yield * of the tealeaves lop amount of removing=5.38* (1- returning to the field ratio) *.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109729806A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-05-10 | 西南大学 | A kind of fertilizing systems method for growth of watermelon |
CN110140501A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-20 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommended method and device |
CN112655342A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-16 | 广东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Simple and efficient sugarcane potassium nutrient management method |
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CN105165215A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-12-23 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Optimized recommended fertilization method for soybeans |
CN108575240A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-09-28 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of Nonirrigated Potato optimization fertilization recommendation method based on model |
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CN105165215A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-12-23 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Optimized recommended fertilization method for soybeans |
CN108575240A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-09-28 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of Nonirrigated Potato optimization fertilization recommendation method based on model |
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CN109729806A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-05-10 | 西南大学 | A kind of fertilizing systems method for growth of watermelon |
CN110140501A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-20 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommended method and device |
CN110140501B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2021-09-03 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Late rice potash fertilizer usage amount recommendation method and device |
CN112655342A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-16 | 广东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Simple and efficient sugarcane potassium nutrient management method |
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