CN110140501A - A kind of late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommended method and device - Google Patents
A kind of late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommended method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110140501A CN110140501A CN201910461235.3A CN201910461235A CN110140501A CN 110140501 A CN110140501 A CN 110140501A CN 201910461235 A CN201910461235 A CN 201910461235A CN 110140501 A CN110140501 A CN 110140501A
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- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 425
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 424
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 424
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 193
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 193
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 193
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 108091027981 Response element Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000004569 Blindness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003967 crop rotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006353 environmental stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005316 response function Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements
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Abstract
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommended method and device, and this method includes acquiring the essential information in target plot.According to the yield response of target plot potassium application and late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, potassium amount needed for obtaining yield response.Obtain the potassium return revert that target plot seed is removed and the potassium return revert that stalk is removed.Obtain the residual effect of potash of upper season in target plot.The potassium return revert removed according to the corresponding potassium return revert for needing potassium amount, target plot seed to remove of yield response, target plot stalk, potassium of the upper season residual effect, Potassium Fertilizer needed for predicting target plot late rice this season.The embodiment of the present invention comprehensively consider potassium amount needed for late rice yield reacts, give back seed, stalk removes potassium amount and upper season potash fertilizer residual, and it is adjusted with reference to soil potassium equilibrium condition, promote potassium benign cycle and utilization, thus guarantee late rice production high yield and efficiently.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Agricultural resources and environment field more particularly to a kind of late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommended method and devices.
Background technique
Rice is one of most important cereal crops in China, rice can be divided into one according to planting season and rotation system
Season rice, semilate rice, early rice and late rice.Wherein early rice-late rice crop rotation is the master of South China, China and middle and lower reach of Yangtze River some areas
Crop-planting system is wanted, multiple crop index is high, yields two crops a year or three is ripe.Late rice growth period is generally at the bottom of June at the bottom of July first arrival October
The beginning of November.Potassium is of great significance to rice growth, can promote photosynthesis, enhances paddy rice anti contravariance.However it is right
Starting late for rice potassium nutrition research, fails to reach the understanding with nitrogen nutrition equal height.And due to Chinese potash fertilizer
Scarcity of resources, potash fertilizer height rely on import, cause potash fertilizer to hold at high price, affect the enthusiasm that peasant applies potassium.
Sternly forbidden in China in view of crop straw burning, thus late rice straw-returning ratio is just gradually increased.
80% or more potassium contained by rice plant is distributed in rice straw, becomes the heat of current research how to efficiently use this part potassium
Point.Researchers at home and abroad have been directed to the reasonable volume of rice potash fertilizer and method of administration has carried out numerous studies, it was also proposed that
Many fertilization recommendation methods, such as native fertilization recommendation, Foliar nutrient diagnosis and fertilizer response function are surveyed, it is the efficient utilization of potash fertilizer
Solid foundation is laid.But in the case where returning total stalks into fields or part returning to the field, brought into if ignoring this part stalk
The potassium of soil will result in the deviation that potash fertilizer recommends dosage.However, stalk potassium to the substitution effect and ratio of potash fertilizer not yet
Reach unified understanding and accepted method.
Accordingly, it is considered to which the potassium to returning to the field stalk supplements effect, when producing progress potash fertilizer recommendation to China late rice, urgently
Need a kind of recommended method for taking into account potash fertilizer Optimum and straw-returning.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommended method and device, to solve existing potash fertilizer recommendation side
The potassium that method ignores brought into the soil of stalk will result in the defect that potash fertilizer recommends dosage deviation.
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommended method, comprising:
S1 acquires the essential information in target plot；Wherein, the essential information is flat including at least target plot rice over the years
Equal yield, the yield response in target plot, target plot late rice ton-grain potassium absorption and potassium harvest index；
The essential information in target plot further includes the pre- straw-returning ratio of this season late rice, the crop yield of upper season, potassium of upper season
Input amount and upper season straw-returning ratio.
S2 obtains the target output of target plot late rice according to target plot rice average product over the years；
S3, according to the yield response of target plot potassium application and late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, potassium needed for obtaining yield response
Element amount；
S4, according to the target output of target plot late rice, target plot late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, potassium harvest refer to
Number and this season soil potassium coefficient of balance estimated, obtain potassium return revert that target plot seed is removed and stalk is removed
Potassium return revert；
Wherein, the potassium return revert that target plot seed is removed indicates contained by the seed of target plot this season
Potassium amount, the potassium return revert that target plot stalk is removed indicate potassium amount contained by stalk；
S5, obtains the residual effect of potash of upper season in target plot, and potassium of the upper season residual effect is that the upper season in the target plot is residual
Stay potassium amount；
S6, according to the corresponding potassium return revert for needing potassium amount, target plot seed to remove of the yield response, target plot
The potassium return revert and potassium of the upper season residual effect that stalk is removed, Potassium Fertilizer needed for predicting target plot late rice this season；Tool
Body includes:
K=A+B+C-D
In formula, K indicates the Potassium Fertilizer of target plot this season, and A, which indicates that the yield response is corresponding, needs potassium amount, B
Indicate the potassium return revert removed of target plot seed, C indicates the potassium return revert that target plot stalk is removed, described in D expression
Upper season potassium residual effect.
Wherein, described according to target plot rice average product over the years in step S2, determine the target of target plot late rice
Yield specifically includes:
Q=q × y
In formula, Q indicates that the target output of target plot late rice, q indicate the rice in the target plot historical time section
Average product, y indicate target output coefficient.
In step S3, according to the yield response of target plot potassium application and late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, yield response is determined
Required potassium measurer body includes:
A=Δ A × RIEk/REk,
In formula, A, which indicates that the yield response is corresponding, needs potassium amount, and Δ A indicates the yield response in the target plot, RIEk
Indicate late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, REkIndicate the target recovery rate of potash fertilizer
Wherein, Δ A=M1-M2,
In formula, M1The yield of late rice after potassium processing, M are applied in expression2Indicate the yield for not applying late rice after potassium is handled.
Wherein, it in step S4, obtains the potassium return revert that target plot seed is removed and is obtained by following formula:
B=Q × RIEk×HIk
In formula, B indicates the potassium return revert that target plot seed is removed；Q indicates the target output in the target plot,
RIEkIndicate late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, HIkIndicate potassium harvest index.
Wherein, in step S4, the potassium return revert that target plot stalk is removed is calculated by the following formula acquisition:
C=Q × RIEk×(1-HIk)×(1-P1)×P2,
In formula, C indicates the potassium return revert that target plot stalk is removed；Q indicates the target output in the target plot,
RIEkIndicate late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, HIkIndicate potassium harvest index, P1Indicate straw-returning ratio, P2Indicate this season soil
Potassium balance coefficient.
Wherein, in step S5, upper season potassium residual effect is calculated by the following formula acquisition:
D=(H1-H2)×P3,
In formula, D indicates potassium of upper season residual effect, H1It indicates to make organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer nutrient investment on the target farmland season
Amount, H2Indicate the season crop nutrition content amount of removing, P on the target farmland3Indicate preset ratio.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommendation apparatus, comprising:
Acquisition module, for acquiring the essential information in target plot；Wherein, the essential information includes at least target plot
Over the years rice average product, the yield response in target plot, target plot late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, potassium harvest index, when
Season the pre- straw-returning ratio of late rice, the crop yield of upper season, potassium input amount of upper season and upper season straw-returning ratio；
First obtains module, for obtaining the target of target plot late rice according to target plot rice average product over the years
Yield；
Second obtain module, for according to target plot potassium application yield response and late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, obtain
Potassium amount needed for yield response；
Third obtains module, for the target output according to target plot late rice, target plot late rice ton-grain potassium
Absorption, potassium harvest index and this season soil potassium coefficient of balance estimated, obtain the potassium that target plot seed is removed
The potassium return revert that return revert and stalk are removed；
Wherein, the potassium return revert that target plot seed is removed indicates potassium amount contained by the target plot this season seed,
The potassium return revert that target plot stalk is removed indicates that this season removes potassium amount contained by stalk；
4th obtains module, and for obtaining the residual effect of potash of upper season in target plot, potassium of the upper season residual effect amount is described
The upper season in target plot remains potassium amount；
Prediction module, for being given back according to the corresponding potassium for needing potassium amount, target plot seed to remove of the yield response
The potassium return revert and potassium of the upper season residual effect that amount, target plot stalk are removed, are predicted needed for the late rice this season of target plot
Potassium Fertilizer；It specifically includes:
K=A+B+C-D
In formula, K indicates the Potassium Fertilizer of target plot this season, and A, which indicates that the yield response is corresponding, needs potassium amount, B
Indicate the potassium return revert removed of target plot seed, C indicates the potassium return revert that target plot stalk is removed, described in D expression
Upper season potassium residual effect.
Wherein, the third obtains module and is specifically used for:
It is calculated by the following formula and obtains the potassium return revert that target plot stalk is removed:
C=Q × RIEk×(1-HIk)×(1-P1)×P2,
In formula, C indicates the potassium return revert that target plot stalk is removed；Q indicates the target output in the target plot,
RIEkIndicate late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, HIkIndicate potassium harvest index, P1Indicate straw-returning ratio, P2Indicate soil potassium
Coefficient of balance.
The third aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of electronic equipment, comprising:
At least one processor, at least one processor, communication interface and bus；Wherein,
The processor, memory, communication interface complete mutual communication by the bus；
The memory is stored with the program instruction that can be executed by the processor, and processor calls described program to instruct energy
Enough execute late rice Potassium Fertilizer provided by any possible implementation in the various possible implementations of first aspect
Recommended method.
Fourth aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of non-transient computer readable storage medium, the non-transient calculating
Machine readable storage medium storing program for executing stores computer instruction, and the computer instruction makes the various possibility of the computer execution first aspect
Implementation in late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommended method provided by any possible implementation.
Late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommended method provided in an embodiment of the present invention and device comprehensively consider needed for late rice yield reaction
The potassium return revert and upper season potash fertilizer that potassium return revert that potassium amount, target plot seed are removed, target plot stalk are removed are residual
It stays, and is adjusted with reference to soil potassium equilibrium condition, promote the benign cycle and utilization of potassium, to guarantee late rice production
High yield and efficiently.In addition, a large amount of resources that stalk brings soil into are not only efficiently utilized in this method, but also can be according to reality
The straw-returning ratio on ground accordingly adjusts the dosage of potash fertilizer, Potassium Fertilizer needed for realizing accurate estimation late rice high yield, and passes through tune
Soil potassium balance is saved, the sustainable supply ability of soil potassium is maintained.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
Have technology state needed in attached drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description be the present invention
Some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
These attached drawings obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is according to late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommended method flow diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural block diagram according to late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommendation apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram according to electronic equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
Every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the embodiment of the present invention, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other change
Body is intended to non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements is not only wrapped
Those elements are included, but also including other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further includes for this process, method, article
Or the element that equipment is intrinsic.In the absence of more restrictions, the element limited by sentence "including a ...", and
It is not excluded in process, method, article or equipment in the process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element that there is also other identical elements.For this field
Those of ordinary skill for, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific conditions.
Fig. 1 is referring to Fig.1, to be somebody's turn to do according to late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommended method flow diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Method includes:
S1 acquires the essential information in target plot；Wherein, the essential information is flat including at least target plot rice over the years
Equal yield, the yield response in target plot, target plot late rice ton-grain potassium absorption and potassium harvest index.
The above-mentioned essential information in target plot is acquired, data is provided for late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommended method and supports.Target
The essential information of block further includes the pre- straw-returning ratio of this season late rice, the crop yield of upper season, potassium input amount of upper season and upper season straw
Stalk returning to the field ratio.
Wherein, yield response is obtained by following formula:
Δ A=M1-M2,
In formula, M1The yield of late rice after potassium processing, M are applied in expression2Indicate the yield for not applying late rice after potassium is handled.
During specific implementation, if not doing potassium test, yield response can not be directly calculated, it can basis
The corresponding yield response coefficient estimate of the high, medium and low three grades of soil fertility level: yield response=target output × potassium produces
Quantitative response coefficient, wherein table 1 indicates the corresponding potassium yield response coefficient table of different soil fertility levels, as shown in table 1:
Table 1
| Soil productivity grade | Potassium yield response coefficient |
| Low fertility soil | 0.15 |
| Middle fertile soil | 0.09 |
| High fertility soil | 0.05 |
As can be known from Table 1, according to the different soil fertility ranks of soil, available different potassium yield response coefficient, low fertilizer
The corresponding potassium yield response coefficient of power soil is 0.15, and the corresponding potassium yield response coefficient of middle fertile soil is 0.09, high fertility
The corresponding potassium yield response coefficient of soil is 0.05.Using potassium yield response coefficient multiplied by target output, it is anti-that yield can be obtained
It answers.The data are the yield for subtracting potassium processing and apply potassium that the late rice field fertilizer test that China (2000-2017) carries out obtains
Yield data, wherein potassium yield response coefficient is these Data Summaries and obtains.
The high, medium and low grade of soil fertility level can be assessed by the following two kinds method:
First method: it is determined and is produced according to the measurement grade of the organic matter in target plot, available nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus and available potassium
Quantitative response.Table 2 is soil testing N P and K critical value index.Wherein, if available nitrogen >=180mg/kg, according to organic matter
" low " of test value, " in " grade upgrade to " in ", "high" grade；If available nitrogen < 100mg/kg, then test according to organic matter
The "high" grade of value be downgraded to " in " grade.
Table 2
If without soil testing as a result, if use second of soil productivity grade appraisal procedure.Table 3 gives second
The appraisal procedure of kind soil productivity grade: the content of organic matter is judged according to the quality of soil and color, to assess soil fertility rank.
Table 3
According to the soil productivity grade that table 2 or table 3 obtain, in conjunction with table 1, so that it may obtain potassium yield response coefficient.
S2 obtains the target output of target plot late rice according to target plot rice average product over the years；
S3, according to the yield response of target plot potassium application and late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, potassium needed for obtaining yield response
Element amount；
S4, according to the target output of target plot late rice, target plot late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, potassium harvest refer to
Number and the soil potassium coefficient of balance estimated, obtain the potassium return revert that target plot seed is removed and the potassium that stalk is removed
Plain return revert；
Wherein, the potassium return revert that target plot seed is removed indicates potassium contained by the seed of target plot this season
Potassium amount contained by stalk is removed in amount, the potassium return revert expression that target plot stalk is removed.
S5, obtains the residual effect of potash of upper season in target plot, and potassium of the upper season residual effect amount is the upper season in the target plot
Remain potassium amount；
S6, according to the corresponding potassium return revert for needing potassium amount, target plot seed to remove of the yield response, target plot
The potassium return revert and potassium of the upper season residual effect that stalk is removed, Potassium Fertilizer needed for predicting target plot late rice this season；Tool
Body includes:
K=A+B+C-D
In formula, K indicates the Potassium Fertilizer of target plot this season, and A, which indicates that the yield response is corresponding, needs potassium amount, B
Indicate the potassium return revert removed of target plot seed, C indicates the potassium return revert that target plot stalk is removed, described in D expression
Upper season potassium residual effect.
Late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommended method provided in an embodiment of the present invention comprehensively considers potassium needed for late rice yield reacts
The potassium return revert and upper season potash fertilizer residual that potassium return revert, the target plot stalk that amount, target plot seed are removed are removed, and
It is adjusted with reference to soil potassium equilibrium condition, promotes the benign cycle and utilization of potassium, to guarantee the high yield of late rice production
With it is efficient.In addition, this method is not only efficiently utilized a large amount of resources that stalk brings soil into, but also can be according on the spot
Straw-returning ratio accordingly adjusts the dosage of potash fertilizer, Potassium Fertilizer needed for realizing accurate estimation late rice high yield, and by adjusting soil
Earth Potassium balance maintains the sustainable supply ability of soil potassium.
On the basis of the above embodiments, described according to target plot rice average product over the years in step S2, determine mesh
The target output of mark plot late rice specifically includes:
Q=q × y
In formula, Q indicates that the target output of target plot late rice, q indicate the rice in the target plot historical time section
Average product, y indicate target output coefficient.
In the embodiment of the present invention, rice average product over the years chooses the rice average product of 3-5 in the past, and the value of y is
1.1.The target output Q: target of rice is determined according to the rice average product that 3-5 inanimate object environment stress is gone in target plot
Yield=previous average product × 1.1.
On the basis of the various embodiments described above, in step S3, according to the yield response of target plot potassium application and late rice ton
Grain potassium absorption determines that potassium measurer body needed for yield response includes:
A=Δ A × RIEk/REk,
In formula, A, which indicates that the yield response is corresponding, needs potassium amount, and Δ A indicates the yield response in the target plot, RIEk
Indicate late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, REkIndicate the target recovery rate of potash fertilizer.
Wherein, Δ A=M1-M2,
In formula, Δ A indicates the yield response in the target plot, M1The yield of late rice after potassium processing, M are applied in expression2It indicates not
Apply the yield of late rice after potassium is handled.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, yield response is corresponding to need potassium amount that can be calculated by above-mentioned formula, and yield is anti-
Answering the corresponding unit for needing potassium amount is kgK2O/ha, the unit of late rice ton-grain potassium absorption are kgK2O/t, the recycling of potash fertilizer
Rate is percentage.
It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, late rice ton-grain potassium absorption parameter RIEkValue be 25.1kg
K2O/t,RIEkIt is to be based on late rice multiple years field test data, including rice yield and overground part potassium absorption, and utilize
QUEFTS model calculates the best potassium absorption amount for obtaining late rice specific yield.
The target recovery rate RE of potash fertilizerkIt is according to the potassium this season benefit under the conditions of current Optimum and best field management
Show that the reference value that this method provides late rice is 50% with rate estimation.Potassium harvest index HIkIt is inhaled for seed and overground part potassium
The ratio of receipts is equally based on multiple years field test data, late rice HIkReference value be 0.17.
On the basis of the various embodiments described above, in step S4, the potassium return revert that target plot seed is removed is obtained
It is obtained by following formula:
B=Q × RIEk×HIk
In formula, B indicates the potassium return revert that target plot seed is removed；Q indicates the target output in the target plot,
RIEkIndicate late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, HIkIndicate potassium harvest index.
On the basis of the various embodiments described above, in step S4, the potassium return revert that target plot stalk is removed passes through
Following formula, which calculates, to be obtained:
C=Q × RIEk×(1-HIk)×(1-P1)×P2,
In formula, C indicates the potassium return revert that target plot stalk is removed；Q indicates the target output in the target plot,
RIEkIndicate late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, HIkIndicate potassium harvest index, P1Indicate straw-returning ratio, P2Indicate soil potassium
Coefficient of balance.
Upper season rice crop fertilizer potassium input amount according to factual survey data acquisition, the upper season crop kernel amount of removing=on
Season yield * RIEk*HIk, the upper season crop material amount of removing=yield * of upper season RIEk*(1-HIk) * (1- returning to the field ratio).
P2Preferred value be 0.3, soil potassium coefficient of balance is to take into account late rice main producing region straw-returning ratio and Potassium in Soils
The parameter that plain apparent equilibrium result proposes, removes potassium for correcting straw-returning, with maintain soil potassium profit and loss range ±
10% overground part potassium absorption.
Wherein, in step S5, upper season potassium residual effect is calculated by the following formula acquisition:
D=(H1-H2)×P3,
In formula, D indicates potassium of upper season residual effect, H1It indicates to make organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer potassium investment on the target farmland season
Amount, H2Indicate the season crop potassium amount of removing, P on the target farmland3Indicate preset ratio.
Compared with prior art, the good effect of the embodiment of the present invention are as follows:
1, late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommended method provided in an embodiment of the present invention has catered to the main trend of China's straw-returning, no
A large amount of resources that stalk brings soil into are only efficiently utilized, and this method can be according to straw-returning ratio phase on the spot
The dosage that potash fertilizer should be adjusted realizes the purpose of accurate application of potash fertilizer.
2, late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommended method provided in an embodiment of the present invention has comprehensively considered potassium needed for late rice yield reacts
Element amount is given back seed and stalk removes potassium amount and upper season potash fertilizer residual, and is adjusted with reference to soil potassium equilibrium condition, promotees
Into the benign cycle and utilization of potassium, so as to guarantee the high yield and efficiently of late rice production.
3, late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommended method provided in an embodiment of the present invention according to the yield responses of different plot potash fertilizer into
Row specific aim is recommended, and is overcome the blindness of peasant habit fertilising, can be accomplished that one, family formula meets China with smallholder
Based on management mode；This method only needs scientific research personnel or peasant to obtain several essential informations to pre- potassium application plot, then
Suitable Potassium Fertilizer can be obtained by above-mentioned formula calculating, compared with fertilization compositions based on earth measurement, is easy to learn and reality is grasped
Make.
4, field verification test shows to carry out potassium recommendation to late rice using this method, can accurately estimate late rice high yield
Potassium Fertilizer needed for efficiently, and by adjusting soil potassium balance, maintain the sustainable supply ability of soil potassium.
In order to verify the validity of the program, need to carry out crop field verification test, field trial is in 2017 in Hunan Province
Carry out with 2, Jiangxi Province late rice main producing region, verified for the potassium recommendation method under the conditions of late rice straw-returning, amounts to 12
A testing site (7, Jiangxi Province and 5, Hunan Province).
Each testing site different disposal dose comparison in Hunan Province and Jiangxi Province is as shown in table 4.At each testing site OPT in Hunan Province
Reason potash fertilizer recommended amounts range is 78~111kg K2O/ha, average dose are 96kg K2O/ha, generally higher than FP handle (average out to
76kg K2O/ha) and ST handles (average out to 78kg K2O/ha).And each testing site OPT in Jiangxi Province handles amount of potassium applied average out to
(60kg K2O/ha it) is then substantially less than ST and handles (average out to 78kg K2O/ha), this is mainly based upon each testing site locality stalk
A large amount of returning to the field consider, especially handle (231kg K compared to FP2O/ha) significantly subtract and applied potash fertilizer, subtract the ratio of applying and be up to
74.0%.
Table 4 is the result schematic diagram that dose is predicted using three kinds of distinct methods, as shown in table 4, wherein OPT indicates base
In the optimization recommended fertilizer of the method；ST indicates the recommended fertilizer based on soil testing；FP indicates peasant habit dose.
Table 4
Table 5 is different disposal late rice average product, potassium utilization rate, soil potassium balance and economic benefits comparison, such as table 5
It is shown, from the point of view of soil apparent Potassium balance profit and loss result, although the Potassium Fertilizer recommended of Hunan Province OPT processing compared to FP and
ST processing increases, but three processing Potassium balance values are almost the same (table 5), show potash fertilizer that OPT is handled obtain more added with
The utilization of effect.Also, the late rice amount of increase in production of OPT processing is it is also obvious that yield reaches 7914kg/ha, compared to FP processing
(6821kg/ha), volume increase ratio are 16.0%.The economic benefit of OPT processing is applied compared with peasant habit fertilising and local soil measurement formula
Fertilizer have it is biggish increase income advantage, compared to FP processing and ST processing increase income 0.2 and 0.27 ten thousand yuan/ha respectively.
Table 5
Although each testing site OPT in Jiangxi Province handles average Potassium Fertilizer and is significantly lower than peasant habit and fertilization compositions based on earth measurement,
But late rice yield is still up to 6729kg/ha, and economic benefit is 1.53 ten thousand yuan/ha, is higher than other two processing, illustrates for potash fertilizer
Dosage, which carries out reasonably optimizing, will not influence rice yield and and then improves ultimate yield.Soil apparent Potassium balance profit and loss result table
Bright, the potassium balance of OPT processing is -15.3kg K2O/ha meets profit and loss value no more than overground part potassium although slightly waning
The standard (only accounting for 4.2%) of uptake 10%.And FP and ST is handled, the potassium due to ignoring straw-returning gives back effect
Etc. factors, K Amounts are excessively high, make potassium surplus severely exceed, especially locality be accustomed to amount of potassium applied in the case where, potassium is full of
Reinforcement reaches 159.5kg/ha, not only increases the burden of chemical fertilizer investment, but also increases the risk of soil K loss by erosion.
Potash fertilizer recommended method is demonstrated according to the multiple spot field trial of late rice main producing region, can accurately estimate late rice potassium
This season demand, to achieve the purpose that increasing production of rice increases income.
Fig. 2 is the structural block diagram according to late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommendation apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2,
The device includes that acquisition module 201, first obtains the acquisition of module 202, second module 203, third obtains module the 204, the 4th and obtains
Modulus block 205 and prediction module 206；Wherein:
Acquisition module 201 is used to acquire the essential information in target plot；Wherein, the essential information is including at least target
Block rice average product over the years, the yield response in target plot, target plot late rice ton-grain potassium absorption and potassium harvest index.
First, which obtains module 202, is used to obtain the target output of target plot late rice according to target plot rice average product over the years.The
Two acquisition modules 203 are used for yield response and late rice ton-grain potassium absorption according to target plot potassium application, obtain yield response
Required potassium amount.Third obtains module 204 for the target output according to target plot late rice, target plot late rice ton-grain
Potassium absorption, potassium harvest index and this season soil potassium coefficient of balance estimated, obtain what target plot seed was removed
The potassium return revert that potassium return revert and stalk are removed；Wherein, the potassium return revert that target plot seed is removed indicates the mesh
Potassium amount contained by plot this season seed is marked, the potassium return revert that target plot stalk is removed indicates potassium amount contained by this season stalk.
4th acquisition module 205 is used to obtain the residual effect of potash of upper season in target plot, and potassium of the upper season residual effect amount is for the target
The upper season of block remains potassium amount.Prediction module 206 is used to need potassium amount, target plot seed to move according to the yield response is corresponding
The potassium return revert and potassium of the upper season residual effect that potassium return revert, the target plot stalk walked are removed, prediction target plot evening
Potassium Fertilizer needed for rice this season.
Prediction module 206 is specifically used for, and predicts the Potassium Fertilizer of target plot this season according to the following formula:
K=A+B+C-D
In formula, K indicates the Potassium Fertilizer of target plot this season, and A, which indicates that the yield response is corresponding, needs potassium amount, B
Indicate the potassium return revert removed of target plot seed, C indicates the potassium return revert that target plot stalk is removed, described in D expression
Upper season potassium residual effect.
On the basis of the various embodiments described above, the third obtains module 204 and is specifically used for:
It is calculated by the following formula and obtains the potassium return revert that target plot stalk is removed:
C=Q × RIEk×(1-HIk)×(1-P1)×P2,
In formula, C indicates the potassium return revert that target plot stalk is removed；Q indicates the target output in the target plot,
RIEkIndicate late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, HIkIndicate potassium harvest index, P1Indicate straw-returning ratio, P2Indicate this season soil
Potassium balance coefficient.
Late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommendation apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention comprehensively considers potassium needed for late rice yield reacts
The potassium return revert and upper season potash fertilizer residual that potassium return revert, the target plot stalk that amount, target plot seed are removed are removed, and
It is adjusted with reference to soil potassium equilibrium condition, promotes the benign cycle and utilization of potassium, to guarantee the high yield of late rice production
With it is efficient.In addition, this method is not only efficiently utilized a large amount of resources that stalk brings soil into, but also can be according on the spot
Straw-returning ratio accordingly adjusts the dosage of potash fertilizer, Potassium Fertilizer needed for realizing accurate estimation late rice high yield, and by adjusting soil
Earth Potassium balance maintains the sustainable supply ability of soil potassium.
Since a kind of late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommendation apparatus of the invention and a kind of late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommended method are one by one
It is corresponding, therefore a kind of embodiment of late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommendation apparatus is no longer described in detail.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of electronic equipment, Fig. 3 is according to electronic equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Structural schematic diagram, as shown in figure 3, the electronic equipment includes:
At least one processor (processor) 301, communication interface (Communications Interface) 304, extremely
A few memory (memory) 302 and communication bus 303, wherein at least one processor 301, communication interface 304, at least
One memory 302 completes mutual communication by communication bus 303.At least one processor 301 can call at least one
Logical order in a memory 302, to execute following late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommended method, for example, acquisition target plot
Essential information；Wherein, it is anti-to include at least target plot rice average product over the years, the yield in target plot for the essential information
It answers, target plot late rice ton-grain potassium absorption and potassium harvest index；
According to target plot rice average product over the years, the target output of target plot late rice is obtained；
According to the yield response of target plot potassium application and late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, potassium needed for obtaining yield response
Amount；
According to the target output of target plot late rice, target plot late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, potassium harvest index
With this season soil potassium coefficient of balance estimated, obtains potassium return revert that target plot seed is removed and stalk removes
Potassium return revert；Wherein, the potassium return revert that target plot seed is removed indicates potassium contained by the target plot this season seed
Amount, the potassium return revert that target plot stalk is removed indicate potassium amount contained by this season stalk.
The residual effect of potash of upper season in target plot is obtained, potassium of the upper season residual effect amount is to remain in the upper season in the target plot
Potassium amount；
According to the corresponding potassium return revert for needing potassium amount, target plot seed to remove of the yield response, target plot straw
Potassium return revert that stalk is removed, potassium of the upper season residual effect, Potassium Fertilizer needed for predicting target plot late rice this season；Specific packet
It includes:
K=A+B+C-D
In formula, K indicates the Potassium Fertilizer of target plot this season, and A, which indicates that the yield response is corresponding, needs potassium amount, B
Indicate the potassium return revert removed of target plot seed, C indicates the potassium return revert that target plot stalk is removed, described in D expression
Upper season potassium residual effect.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of non-transient computer readable storage medium, non-transient computer readable storages
Medium storing computer instruction, the computer instruction make computer execute the recommendation of late rice Potassium Fertilizer provided by corresponding embodiment
Method, for example, the essential information in acquisition target plot；Wherein, the essential information includes at least target plot water over the years
Rice average product, the yield response in target plot, target plot late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, potassium harvest index, this season late rice
Pre- straw-returning ratio, the crop yield of upper season, potassium input amount of upper season and upper season straw-returning ratio；
According to target plot rice average product over the years, the target output of target plot late rice is obtained；
According to the yield response of target plot potassium application and late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, potassium needed for obtaining yield response
Amount；
According to the target output of target plot late rice, target plot late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, potassium harvest index
With this season soil potassium coefficient of balance estimated, obtains potassium return revert that target plot seed is removed and stalk removes
Potassium return revert；Wherein, the potassium return revert that target plot seed is removed indicates potassium contained by the target plot this season seed
Amount, the potassium return revert that target plot stalk is removed indicate potassium amount contained by this season stalk.
The residual effect of potash of upper season in target plot is obtained, potassium of the upper season residual effect amount is to remain in the upper season in the target plot
Potassium amount；
According to the corresponding potassium return revert for needing potassium amount, target plot seed to remove of the yield response, target plot straw
Potassium return revert that stalk is removed, potassium of the upper season residual effect, Potassium Fertilizer needed for predicting target plot late rice this season；Specific packet
It includes:
K=A+B+C-D
In formula, K indicates the Potassium Fertilizer of target plot this season, and A, which indicates that the yield response is corresponding, needs potassium amount, B
Indicate the potassium return revert removed of target plot seed, C indicates the potassium return revert that target plot stalk is removed, described in D expression
Upper season potassium residual effect.
The apparatus embodiments described above are merely exemplary, wherein described, unit can as illustrated by the separation member
It is physically separated with being or may not be, component shown as a unit may or may not be physics list
Member, it can it is in one place, or may be distributed over multiple network units.It can be selected according to the actual needs
In some or all of the modules achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.Those of ordinary skill in the art are not paying creativeness
Labour in the case where, it can understand and implement.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be understood that each embodiment can
It realizes by means of software and necessary general hardware platform, naturally it is also possible to pass through hardware.Based on this understanding, on
Stating technical solution, substantially the part that contributes to existing technology can be embodied in the form of software products in other words, should
Computer software product may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, CD, including several fingers
It enables and using so that a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server or the network equipment etc.) executes each implementation
Method described in certain parts of example or embodiment.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；
And these are modified or replaceed, technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution spirit and
Range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommended method characterized by comprising
Acquire the essential information in target plot；Wherein, the essential information include at least target plot rice average product over the years,
Yield response, target plot late rice ton-grain potassium absorption and the potassium harvest index in target plot；
According to target plot rice average product over the years, the target output of target plot late rice is obtained；
According to the yield response of target plot potassium application and late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, potassium amount needed for obtaining yield response；
According to the target output of target plot late rice, target plot late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, potassium harvest index and pre-
This season soil potassium coefficient of balance estimated obtains the potassium return revert that target plot seed is removed and the potassium that stalk is removed
Return revert；
Wherein, the potassium return revert that target plot seed is removed indicates potassium amount contained by this season seed of target plot, target plot
The potassium return revert that stalk is removed indicates that this season removes potassium amount contained by stalk；
The residual effect of potash of upper season in target plot is obtained, potassium of the upper season residual effect amount is to remain potassium in the upper season in the target plot
Amount；
It is moved according to the corresponding potassium return revert for needing potassium amount, target plot seed to remove of the yield response, target plot stalk
The potassium return revert walked and potassium of the upper season residual effect, Potassium Fertilizer needed for predicting target plot late rice this season；It specifically includes:
K=A+B+C-D
In formula, K indicates the Potassium Fertilizer of target plot this season, and A, which indicates that the yield response is corresponding, needs potassium amount, and B is indicated
The potassium return revert that target plot seed is removed, C indicate that the potassium return revert that target plot stalk is removed, D indicate the upper season
Potassium residual effect.
2. late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommended method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described over the years according to target plot
Rice average product determines that the target output of target plot late rice specifically includes:
Q=q × y
Wherein, Q indicates that the target output of target plot late rice, q indicate that the rice in the target plot historical time section is average
Yield, y indicate target output coefficient.
3. late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommended method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that according to target plot potassium application
Yield response and late rice ton-grain potassium absorption determine that potassium measurer body needed for yield response includes:
A=Δ A × RIEk/REk,
In formula, A, which indicates that the yield response is corresponding, needs potassium amount, and Δ A indicates the yield response in the target plot, RIEkIt indicates
Late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, REkIndicate the target recovery rate of potash fertilizer
Wherein, Δ A=M1-M2,
In formula, M1The yield of late rice after potassium processing, M are applied in expression2Indicate the yield for not applying late rice after potassium is handled.
4. late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommended method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that obtain target plot seed
The potassium return revert removed is obtained by following formula:
B=Q × RIEk×HIk
In formula, B indicates the potassium return revert that target plot seed is removed；Q indicates the target output in the target plot, RIEkTable
Show late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, HIkIndicate potassium harvest index.
5. late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommended method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that target plot stalk is removed
Potassium return revert be calculated by the following formula acquisition:
C=Q × RIEk×(1-HIk)×(1-P1)×P2,
In formula, C indicates the potassium return revert that target plot stalk is removed；Q indicates the target output in the target plot, RIEkTable
Show late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, HIkIndicate potassium harvest index, P1Indicate straw-returning ratio, P2Indicate soil potassium balance system
Number.
6. late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommended method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that potassium of the upper season residual effect passes through
Following formula, which calculates, to be obtained:
D=(H1-H2)×P3,
In formula, D indicates potassium of upper season residual effect, H1It indicates to make organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer potassium input amount, H on the target farmland season2
Indicate the season crop potassium amount of removing, P on the target farmland3Indicate preset ratio.
7. a kind of late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommendation apparatus characterized by comprising
Acquisition module, for acquiring the essential information in target plot；Wherein, it is over the years to include at least target plot for the essential information
Rice average product, the yield response in target plot, target plot late rice ton-grain potassium absorption and potassium harvest index；
First obtains module, for obtaining the target output of target plot late rice according to target plot rice average product over the years；
Second obtain module, for according to target plot potassium application yield response and late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, obtain yield
Potassium amount needed for reacting；
Third obtains module, for the target output according to target plot late rice, target plot late rice ton-grain potassium absorption,
Potassium harvest index and this season soil potassium coefficient of balance estimated, obtain the potassium return revert that target plot seed is removed
The potassium return revert removed with stalk；
Wherein, the potassium return revert that target plot seed is removed indicates potassium amount contained by the target plot this season seed, target
The potassium return revert that plot stalk is removed indicates potassium amount contained by this season stalk；
4th obtains module, and for obtaining the residual effect of potash of upper season in target plot, potassium of the upper season residual effect amount is the target
The upper season in plot remains potassium amount；
Prediction module, for according to corresponding potassium return revert, the mesh for needing potassium amount, target plot seed to remove of the yield response
The potassium return revert and potassium of the upper season residual effect that mark plot stalk is removed, potash fertilizer needed for predicting target plot late rice this season are used
Amount；It specifically includes:
K=A+B+C-D
In formula, K indicates the Potassium Fertilizer of target plot this season, and A, which indicates that the yield response is corresponding, needs potassium amount, and B is indicated
The potassium return revert that target plot seed is removed, C indicate that the potassium return revert that target plot stalk is removed, D indicate the upper season
Potassium residual effect.
8. late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommendation apparatus according to claim 7, which is characterized in that it is specific that the third obtains module
For:
It is calculated by the following formula and obtains the potassium return revert that target plot stalk is removed:
C=Q × RIEk×(1-HIk)×(1-P1)×P2,
In formula, C indicates the potassium return revert that target plot stalk is removed；Q indicates the target output in the target plot, RIEkTable
Show late rice ton-grain potassium absorption, HIkIndicate potassium harvest index, P1Indicate straw-returning ratio, P2Indicate that this season soil potassium is flat
Weigh coefficient.
9. a kind of electronic equipment characterized by comprising
At least one processor, at least one processor, communication interface and bus；Wherein,
The processor, memory, communication interface complete mutual communication by the bus；
The memory is stored with the program instruction that can be executed by the processor, and the processor calls described program instruction,
To execute such as late rice Potassium Fertilizer recommended method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.
10. a kind of non-transient computer readable storage medium, which is characterized in that the non-transient computer readable storage medium is deposited
Computer instruction is stored up, the computer instruction makes the computer execute such as late rice potassium described in any one of claims 1 to 6
Fertile dosage recommended method.
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