CN108575212A - One cultivates peanut whole fruit mechanization film side seeder and type of seeding - Google Patents
One cultivates peanut whole fruit mechanization film side seeder and type of seeding Download PDFInfo
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- CN108575212A CN108575212A CN201810736211.XA CN201810736211A CN108575212A CN 108575212 A CN108575212 A CN 108575212A CN 201810736211 A CN201810736211 A CN 201810736211A CN 108575212 A CN108575212 A CN 108575212A
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- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 241001553178 Arachis glabrata Species 0.000 title abstract 9
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 104
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 241000721671 Ludwigia Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005944 Chlorpyrifos Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SBPBAQFWLVIOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorpyrifos Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)OC1=NC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl SBPBAQFWLVIOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021374 legumes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ATROHALUCMTWTB-OWBHPGMISA-N phoxim Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)O\N=C(\C#N)C1=CC=CC=C1 ATROHALUCMTWTB-OWBHPGMISA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229950001664 phoxim Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000014571 nuts Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000014443 Pyrus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N folic acid Chemical compound C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004475 Arginine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010082495 Dietary Plant Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000015781 Dietary Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GQWNECFJGBQMBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molindone hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.O=C1C=2C(CC)=C(C)NC=2CCC1CN1CCOCC1 GQWNECFJGBQMBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pteroyl-L-glutaminsaeure Natural products C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000489523 Veratrum Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N arginine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000004251 balanced diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013325 dietary fiber Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018927 edible plant Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960000304 folic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019152 folic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011724 folic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003862 health status Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- CJWQYWQDLBZGPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoflavone Natural products C1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC(OC)=C1C1=COC2=C(C=CC(C)(C)O3)C3=C(OC)C=C2C1=O CJWQYWQDLBZGPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002515 isoflavone derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000008696 isoflavones Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006286 nutrient intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010773 plant oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021251 pulses Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021003 saturated fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/08—Broadcast seeders; Seeders depositing seeds in rows
- A01C7/16—Seeders with other distributing devices, e.g. brushes, discs, screws or slides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/066—Devices for covering drills or furrows
- A01C5/068—Furrow packing devices, e.g. press wheels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
- A01C7/206—Seed pipes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0287—Devices for laying-out or removing ground coverings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of crop cultivation, and in particular to one cultivates peanut whole fruit mechanization film side seeder and type of seeding；The sieve kind of the whole fruit of peanut makes the whole fruit size of peanut than more consistent；Bubble kind and belt leather sowing; so that the adequate water that pericarp and immersion generate is sprouted to peanut, top is native, emerge and seedling growth provides certain moisture and nutrient; prevent soil-borne disease simultaneously, emergence stage benevolence has pericarp protection, reduces pest and disease damage infection and the benevolence that causes harm；Covering with ground sheeting film side is sowed, and the process that rupture of membranes puts seedling after peanut is emerged is eliminated；Avoid mulch capping not tight, the serious drawback of crop smothering, it is small that the setting of seeder positive/negative-pressure solves the whole fruit seed specific weight of peanut to be sowed, the technical issues of only being not easy to enter milpa from seeder by gravity, install plastic mulching device additional, the seed taking disc that three kinds of different sizes are arranged adapts to the whole fruit seed treatment of different big small pod peanuts, realizes the whole fruit covering with ground sheeting film side sowing of mechanization peanut, possibility is provided for scale plantation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of crop cultivation, and in particular to one cultivates peanut whole fruit mechanization film side seeder and sowing
Method.
Background technology
Peanut is that China's total output is high, eats a kind of extensive nut, also known as " peanut ", " peanut " etc., belongs to rose
Mesh pulse family annual herb plant.The protein content of its seed is 25-30%, is rich in eight kinds of amino acid needed by human, wherein
Arginine content is higher than other nuts, and biological value is higher than soybean.The fat content 40-50% of seed, and unsaturated fatty acid
Content is high, is the important source material for producing high-quality edible plant oil.A certain amount of shelled peanut, peanut oil or peanut system are eaten daily
Product can not only provide a large amount of protein, fat and energy, and can reduce diet saturated fat and increase unsaturated fatty acid
Intake, greatly promoting human body, these are beneficial to health to vegetable protein, dietary fiber, vitamin E, folic acid, potassium, magnesium, zinc, calcium etc.
Nutrient intake.Peanut itself is the plant food of high energy, high protein and high lipid, is free of cholesterol and trans fats
Acid, and rich in substances such as trace element, phytosterol, white black false hellebore ester, isoflavones, antioxidants, there is important health-care effect,
The even more excellent substitute of the carnivorous object of breast plays an important roll the nutrition and health status of balanced diet, improvement Chinese residents.
Peanut covering with ground sheeting can play the role of moisturizing, temperature raising, improve readily available nutrient of soil content, promote plant strain growth
Development, to increase yield.But the peanut covering with ground sheeting seeding machinery generally used in production now, suitable seed are shelling
Peanut, and for first after planting overlay film, drawback are to need manually to put seedling operation in time after peanut is emerged, and put seedling hole and be difficult to seal
Real, later stage crop smothering is serious, secondly easily causes plant early ageing for the mulch middle and later periods, influences peanut plumpness.
Spare peanut seed needs band shell to store.The shelling for manually carrying out shelled peanut again in 10-15 days before general sowing current year.Too
Energy early can be consumed, influences the top soil emergence of seed.It is not easy to mechanical dejacketing, kind of skin and damage cotyledon can be destroyed, reduce seed
Germination percentage.Artificial peanut shelling time and effort consuming, efficiency is low, is not easy to realize that large area scale is planted；Peanut band shell sow again because
Water suction is difficult, and germination, Qi Miao are irregular, promotes in production not universal.Even if the peanut band shell of the popularization of present small area is broadcast
Kind, it also breaks into the nut of double benevolence or three benevolence into two with one's hands single a kind of fruit, such as apple, pear, etc. and sows, easily cause single a kind of fruit, such as apple, pear, etc., seed, pericarp mixing, mechanical planting
It is difficult.
Invention content
The present invention is to solve artificial shelling before existing peanut cultivation technology sowing, and benevolence sowing covers the sowing side of mulch
Method, time-consuming, easy damaged kind skin influences to emerge, and influences peanut plumpness, and the difficult technical problem of scale plantation provides one
It cultivates peanut whole fruit mechanization film side seeder and type of seeding, suitable for the whole fruit covering with ground sheeting method of peanut and matched sowing
Machinery, band shell sowing promote the plantation of mechanical peanut size high-yield, peanut industry labor productivity are greatly improved.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
One cultivates peanut whole fruit mechanization film side seeder, including rack, and the top among the rack is equipped with chain-wheel box, sprocket wheel
Case is equipped with the first sprocket wheel at left and right sides of the rack stretched out, and seed-box is equipped in the rack below chain-wheel box, is located at kind
It is separately installed with a seeder at left and right sides of bottom of the frame below sub- case, passes through company between the seed-box and seeder
Take over connection；It is separately installed with a plough at left and right sides of the rack front bottom end, is located at left and right sides of bottom of the frame
Plough and seeder between film clip, pressing wheel, mulch coverer are sequentially installed；A left side for rack rear end bottom
Right both sides are separately installed with a press wheel；The top of the rack front end is equipped with hitch frame；Between between two seeders
Away from the spacing between more than two film clips；
The seeder is cylindrical and carries integrally formed head cover and bottom cover；Being internally connected with for the seeder is rotatable
Seed taking disc, the center weld of seed taking disc has shaft that is axially being arranged along seeder and stretching out head cover, the shaft to stretch out top
The end fixing sleeve of lid one end is equipped with the second sprocket wheel, is connected by chain between first sprocket wheel and the second sprocket wheel, described to take
The edge of discharge plate is uniformly provided with several for storing the groove of the single whole fruit of peanut, and the bottom of the groove is provided with several
A through-hole；Vent disc is also fixedly connected on the inner wall of seeder below seed taking disc, the vent disc connects with seed taking disc
It touches, and the edge of vent disc corresponding with groove offers several ventholes；Between the top and head cover of the seed taking disc
Form the first cavity, first cavity is divided into that seed prestores chamber and seed blows out chamber by first partition, and the seed blows out chamber
Side wall on be connected with and go out kind of a mouth with what seed blowout chamber was connected, the prestore side wall of chamber of the seed passes through connecting tube and seed
Case is connected to；The second cavity is formed between the bottom and bottom cover of the vent disc, second cavity is divided into negative by second partition
Pressure area and zone of positive pressure, wherein negative pressuren zone prestore with the seed of the first cavity, and chamber is corresponding, and zone of positive pressure is corresponding with seed blowout chamber,
The negative pressuren zone is connected with negative pressure generating device by negative pressure line, and the zone of positive pressure is connected with positive pressure by positive pressure pipeline and generates
Device；The negative pressure generating device and positive pressure generation device are installed in rack；
When the seeder is connect with seed-box, the central shaft of seeder is located on horizontal plane and goes out kind of mouth downward.
Further, the groove of the seed taking disc is hemispherical, and peanut whole fruit film side seeder includes three kinds of specifications
Seed taking disc, the diameter of the groove on the seed taking disc of three kinds of specifications is respectively φ 60mm, φ 45mm, φ 30mm.
At work, hitch frame connects tow tractor to seeder, and chain-wheel box is connected with tow tractor power output end,
It is provided by it power.It is caught in mulch on film clip, pull open a part and pressing wheel 7 is made to push down the part both sides of mulch expansion, is planted
The whole fruit seed of peanut to be sowed is packed into sub- case, according to the suitable seed taking disc of size selection for waiting sowing whole fruit, draft gear
The power output of the machine frame movement of tractor seeder, chain-wheel box connection tractor also works, and plough is first ditched, subsequent pressing wheel
With mulch coverer collective effect laying plastic；The whole fruit of peanut of the both sides for the mulch that seeder has been positioned over, seed-box is logical
It crosses connecting tube and enters seed and prestore chamber, positive/negative-pressure generation device is opened simultaneously when seeder moves, since negative pressuren zone passes through
Venthole is communicated with positioned at the prestore groove of seed taking disc of chamber of seed, and the single whole fruit of peanut is adsorbed in groove, due to taking
Discharge plate is rotated by the second sprocket wheel drives rotation, simultaneously because the barrier effect of first partition, is located at the whole fruit of peanut of recessed circumferential
It is blocked, seed blowout chamber cannot be turned to seed taking disc, the single whole fruit of peanut being only located in groove can go to seed and blow
Go out at chamber；When the groove for being adsorbed with the whole fruit seed of peanut go to seed blow out chamber when, due to zone of positive pressure by venthole be located at
The groove of the seed taking disc of seed blowout chamber communicates, and the whole fruit seed of peanut enters through going out kind of a mouth in milpa, and then press wheel carries out
Suppression.
One cultivate peanut whole fruit mechanization film side type of seeding, and the whole fruit mechanization film side seeder of above-mentioned peanut is realized,
Specifically include following steps：
A, plot is selected, selects deep topsoil, quality sandy soil, husky earth, light earth, and do not plant the ground of legume in 3 years
Block is watered with pre-sowing water before broadcasting, and the easily cultivated phase combines deep ploughing, and high phosphorus, potassium ternary compound fertilizer 450-600kg are applied per sq-km；So
Smooth plough waits broadcasting afterwards；
B, peanut seed pod is screened；According to the whole fruit size of peanut, preparing mesh size is,,,Four kinds of vertical sieves,
If the whole fruit of big grain, first mistakeAperture sieve, then useAperture sieve rejecting does not meet this kind
The granule or large seed and impurity of feature；
If medium-sized seed：First crossAperture sieve, then useAperture sieve rejecting does not meet this kind
The small-sized seed or large seed and impurity of feature；
If small-sized seed：First crossAperture sieve, then useAperture sieve rejecting does not meet this kind
Small-sized seed, large seed and the impurity of feature；It is 75 ° or so that sieve is found when operation with ground level angle；
C, the whole fruit of peanut that soaking step b is selected is broadcast first 2 days by the whole fruit of peanut for preparing to have screened per sq-km 300kg,
It is packed with sandbag, is then immersed in seed-soaking liquid, for 24 hours, when immersion is pressed soaking time with weight, and peanut is made all to be immersed in leaching
In kind liquid, the seed-soaking liquid is the potassium sulfate of the general calcium, 0.5-1% that are 0.5-1% containing mass fraction, more bacterium of 0.1-0.2%
Clever wettable powder, the phoxim or chlorpyrifos ec of 0.1-0.2%, 0.1% boron fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer or more trace elements fertilizer
Aqueous solution；It impregnates the whole fruit of peanut finished to pull out, spread out, surface of drying in the shade can be sowed；
D, covering with ground sheeting is sowed, and can be sowed when the ground temperature in the arable land that depth is 0-10cm is stablized by 15 DEG C, using such as power
Profit requires the whole fruit mechanization film side planting with sowing machine of the peanut described in 5, and suitably kind is taken according to the whole fruit fruit type size replacement of peanut
Disk, covering with ground sheeting sowing sow two row peanuts, peanut wide row space 60cm, small line-spacing 40 or 50cm, hill spacing 15cm, often in film side
Bunch planting is cultivated peanut whole fruit one, seed level 5-7cm, fully suppression after broadcasting；
E, clear in time after emergence, initial bloom stage ridging, top dressing, the middle and later periods prevent pest and disease damage in time.
In above-mentioned steps, the pericarp of the whole fruit of peanut and the adequate water for impregnating generation are sprouted to peanut, push up soil, emergence and seedling
Phase growth provides certain moisture and nutrient, promotes peanut seedling stage robust growth, lays a good foundation for peanut high yield.Simultaneously
Prevent soil-borne disease, emergence stage benevolence has pericarp protection, reduces pest and disease damage infection and the benevolence that causes harm, reduces soil-borne disease insect pest
Incidence.Covering with ground sheeting film side is sowed, and the process that rupture of membranes puts seedling after peanut is emerged is eliminated.Also avoid mulch capping not
Sternly, the serious drawback of crop smothering, thirdly it is excessively high to avoid the middle and late growth stage soil temperature, peanut early ageing phenomenon.
Compared with prior art the invention has the advantages that：
1, type of seeding saving of work and time of the present invention thoroughly removes artificial shelling from and takes work consuming, avoids in de-hulling process to benevolence
Damage.
2, neat seedling is fast, although band shell sowing emergence ratio tradition plantation late 2 days or so, neat seedling time advance 1-2 days or so,
But neat seedling time advance 1-2 days or so.
3, seedling stage produces healthy and strong, and pericarp and the adequate water for impregnating generation are sprouted to peanut, push up soil, emergence and seedling growth
Certain moisture and nutrient are provided, peanut seedling stage robust growth is promoted, is laid a good foundation for peanut high yield.
4, prevent soil-borne disease, emergence stage benevolence has pericarp protection, reduces pest and disease damage infection and the benevolence that causes harm, reduces
The incidence of soil-borne disease insect pest.
5, covering with ground sheeting film side is sowed, and eliminates the process that rupture of membranes puts seedling after peanut is emerged.Also avoid mulch capping not
Sternly, the serious drawback of crop smothering, thirdly it is excessively high to avoid the middle and late growth stage soil temperature, peanut early ageing phenomenon.
6, seeder realizes that the plantation of mechanization scale, the setting of seeder positive/negative-pressure solve the whole fruit kind of peanut to be sowed
Sub- proportion is small, the technical issues of only being not easy to enter milpa from seeder by gravity, installs plastic mulching device, setting additional
The seed taking disc of three kinds of different sizes adapts to the whole fruit seed treatment of different big small pod peanuts, realizes the whole fruit covering with ground sheeting of mechanization peanut
Film side is sowed, and possibility is provided for scale plantation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the side view of peanut whole fruit film side seeder.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of seeder.
Fig. 3 is that seeder splits structure chart.
It is marked in figure as follows：
1- racks, 2- chain-wheel boxs, 3- seeders, 4- seed-boxes, 5- connecting tubes, 6- ploughs, 7- pressing wheels, 8- film clips, 9-
Mulch coverer, 10- press wheels, 11- hitch frames, 12- head covers, the first cavitys of 13-, 14- seed taking discs, 15- vent discs, 16-
Two cavitys, 17- bottom covers, 18- go out kind of a mouth, 19- grooves, 20- shafts, the first sprocket wheels of 21-, the second sprocket wheels of 22-, 23- first partitions,
24- second partitions, 25- negative pressure lines, 26- negative-pressure air fans, 27- positive pressure pipelines, the positive pressure fans of 28-.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, one cultivates peanut whole fruit mechanization film side seeder, including rack 1, the top installation among the rack 1
There are chain-wheel box 2, chain-wheel box 2 to be equipped with the first sprocket wheel 21 of 1 left and right sides of rack stretched out, be located in the rack 1 of 2 lower section of chain-wheel box
Seed-box 4 is installed, a seeder 3 is separately installed at left and right sides of 1 bottom of rack of 4 lower section of seed-box, it is described
It is connected to by connecting tube 5 between seed-box 4 and seeder 3；It is separately installed with one at left and right sides of 1 front bottom end of the rack
Plough 6 is sequentially equipped with film clip 8, pressing wheel between the plough 6 and seeder 3 at left and right sides of 1 bottom of rack
7, mulch coverer 9；The rack is separately installed with a press wheel 10 at left and right sides of 1 rear end bottom；1 front end of the rack
The top of both sides is separately installed with hitch frame 11；Spacing between two seeders 3 is more than the spacing between two film clips 8；
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, seeder 3 is cylindrical and carries integrally formed head cover 12 and bottom cover 17；The seeder 3
It is internally connected with rotatable seed taking disc 14, the center weld of seed taking disc 14 has axially being arranged along seeder 3 and stretches out head cover
12 shaft 20, the end fixing sleeve that the shaft 20 stretches out 12 one end of head cover are equipped with the second sprocket wheel 22, first sprocket wheel 21
And second connected by chain between sprocket wheel 22, the edge of the seed taking disc 14 is uniformly provided with several for storing single
The bottom of the groove 19 of the whole fruit of peanut, the groove 19 is provided with several through-holes；In the seeder 3 of 14 lower section of seed taking disc
Vent disc 15 is also fixedly connected on wall, the vent disc 15 is contacted with seed taking disc 14, and vent disc corresponding with groove 19
15 edge offers several ventholes；The first cavity 13 is formed between the top and head cover 12 of the seed taking disc 14, it is described
First cavity 13 is divided by first partition 23 blows out chamber for prestore chamber and seed of seed, is connected on the side wall of the seed blowout chamber
Go out kind of mouth 18 with what seed blowout chamber was connected, the prestore side wall of chamber of the seed is connected to by connecting tube 5 with seed-box 4；
The second cavity 16 is formed between the bottom and bottom cover 17 of the vent disc 15, it is negative that second cavity 16 is divided by second partition 24
Pressure area and zone of positive pressure, wherein negative pressuren zone prestore with the seed of the first cavity 13, and chamber is corresponding, and zone of positive pressure is opposite with seed blowout chamber
It answers, the negative pressuren zone is connected with negative pressure generating device by negative pressure line 25, and the zone of positive pressure is connected with by positive pressure pipeline 27
Positive pressure generation device；The negative pressure generating device and positive pressure generation device are installed in rack 1；
The height of the first partition 23 is highly consistent with the first cavity 13, and seed taking disc is rotated by the second sprocket wheel drives rotation
When, it due to the barrier effect of first partition, is blocked positioned at the whole fruit of the peanut of recessed circumferential, seed cannot be turned to seed taking disc
Chamber is blown out, the single whole fruit of peanut being only located in groove can go at seed blowout chamber；
When the seeder 3 is connect with seed-box 4, the central shaft of seeder 3 is located on horizontal plane and goes out kind of mouth 18 downward.
Further, the groove 19 of the seed taking disc 14 is hemispherical, and peanut whole fruit film side seeder includes three kinds
The diameter of the seed taking disc 14 of specification, the groove 19 on the seed taking disc 14 of three kinds of specifications is respectively φ 60mm, φ 45mm, φ 30mm.
The seed taking disc of three kinds of specifications is suitble to the whole fruit seed of the peanut for planting different sizes.
Further, there are two the hitch frames 11 being symmetrically set for installation in the rack 1.
Two hitch frames 11 are more stable when being connect with draft gear.
Further, the first partition 23 and second partition 24 by the consistent riser splicing of two pieces of length, width and height and
At one end of two pieces of risers is fixed together, and the inner wall of two pieces of non-touching other ends of riser and seeder 3, which is fixed, to be connected
Connect, one end that two pieces of risers are connected is respectively positioned on the central axis of seeder 3, the angle of two pieces of risers of first partition 23 with
The angle of 24 two pieces of risers of second partition is consistent.
Further, the negative pressure generating device is negative-pressure air fan 26, and positive pressure generation device is positive pressure fan 28；The chain
Roller box 2 is additionally provided with wind turbine sprocket wheel, and negative-pressure air fan 26 and positive pressure fan 28 pass through the wind turbine sprocket wheel phase of chain and chain-wheel box 2 respectively
Even.
One cultivates peanut whole fruit mechanization film side type of seeding, using the whole fruit mechanization film side seeder of the above-mentioned peanut stated come
It realizes, specifically includes following steps：
A, plot is selected, selects deep topsoil, quality sandy soil, husky earth, light earth, and do not plant the ground of legume in 3 years
Block is watered with pre-sowing water before broadcasting, and the easily cultivated phase combines deep ploughing, and high phosphorus, potassium ternary compound fertilizer 450-600kg are applied per sq-km；So
Smooth plough waits broadcasting afterwards；
B, peanut seed pod is screened；According to the whole fruit size of peanut, preparing mesh size is,,,Four kinds of vertical sieves,
If the whole fruit of big grain, first mistakeAperture sieve, then useAperture sieve rejecting does not meet this kind
The granule or large seed and impurity of feature；
If medium-sized seed：First crossAperture sieve, then useAperture sieve rejecting does not meet this kind
The small-sized seed or large seed and impurity of feature；
If small-sized seed：First crossAperture sieve, then useAperture sieve rejecting does not meet this kind
Small-sized seed, large seed and the impurity of feature；It is 75 ° or so that sieve is found when operation with ground level angle；
C, the whole fruit of peanut that soaking step b is selected is broadcast first 2 days by the whole fruit of peanut for preparing to have screened per sq-km 300kg,
It is packed with sandbag, is then immersed in seed-soaking liquid, for 24 hours, when immersion is pressed soaking time with weight, and peanut is made all to be immersed in leaching
In kind liquid, the seed-soaking liquid is the potassium sulfate of the general calcium, 0.5-1% that are 0.5-1% containing mass fraction, more bacterium of 0.1-0.2%
Clever wettable powder, the phoxim or chlorpyrifos ec of 0.1-0.2%, 0.1% boron fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer or more trace elements fertilizer
Aqueous solution；And notice that liquid level declines situation at any time, if liquid level drops to exposing, clear water is replenished in time in husky dress, and soaked peanut is whole
Fruit is pulled out, pours out, and spreads out, and surface of drying in the shade can be sowed；
D, covering with ground sheeting is sowed, and can be sowed when the ground temperature in the arable land that depth is 0-10cm is stablized by 15 DEG C, using such as power
Profit requires the whole fruit mechanization film side planting with sowing machine of the peanut described in 5, and suitably kind is taken according to the whole fruit fruit type size replacement of peanut
Disk 14, covering with ground sheeting sowing sow two row peanuts, peanut wide row space 60cm, small line-spacing 40 or 50cm, hill spacing 15cm in film side,
It cultivates peanut whole fruit one, seed level 5-7cm per bunch planting, fully suppression after broadcasting；
E, clear in time after emergence, initial bloom stage ridging, top dressing, the middle and later periods prevent pest and disease damage in time, in time the equivalent tradition flower of harvest
Non-hibernating eggs planting technology.
Further, per 100-110cm, broadly block covers 80cm or 60cm broadly one width of film.Two rows flower is sowed in film side
Life, peanut wide row space 60cm, small line-spacing 40 or 50cm, hill spacing 15cm, whole fruit one of cultivating peanut per bunch planting, seed level 5-7cm, after broadcasting
Fully suppression.
Claims (7)
1. whole fruit mechanization film side seeder of cultivating peanut, which is characterized in that including rack（1）, the rack（1）Intermediate top
Portion is equipped with chain-wheel box（2）, chain-wheel box（2）Rack equipped with stretching（1）First sprocket wheel of the left and right sides（21）, it is located at chain-wheel box
（2）The rack of lower section（1）On seed-box is installed（4）, it is located at seed-box（4）The rack of lower section（1）The left and right sides of bottom point
It An Zhuan not be there are one seeder（3）, the seed-box（4）With seeder（3）Between pass through connecting tube（5）Connection；The rack
（1）A plough is separately installed at left and right sides of front bottom end（6）, it is located at rack（1）Plough at left and right sides of bottom
（6）With seeder（3）Between film clip is sequentially installed（8）, pressing wheel（7）, mulch coverer（9）；The rack（1）Afterwards
End is separately installed with a press wheel at left and right sides of bottom（10）；The rack（1）The top of front end both sides is separately installed with
Hitch frame（11）；Two seeders（3）Between spacing be more than two film clips（8）Between spacing；
The seeder（3）It is cylindrical and carry integrally formed head cover（12）And bottom cover（17）；The seeder（3）It is interior
Portion is connected with rotatable seed taking disc（14）, seed taking disc（14）Center weld have along seeder（3）Axially be arranged and stretching
Head cover（12）Shaft（20）, the shaft（20）Stretch out head cover（12）The end fixing sleeve of one end is equipped with the second sprocket wheel（22）,
First sprocket wheel（21）With the second sprocket wheel（22）Between connected by chain, the seed taking disc（14）Edge uniformly open up
There are several to be used to store the groove of the single whole fruit of peanut（19）, the groove（19）Bottom be provided with several through-holes；It is located at
Seed taking disc（14）The seeder of lower section（3）Inner wall on be also fixedly connected with vent disc（15）, the vent disc（15）It is planted with taking
Disk（14）Contact, and and groove（19）Corresponding vent disc（15）Edge offer several ventholes；The seed taking disc
（14）Top and head cover（12）Between form the first cavity（13）, first cavity（13）By first partition（23）It is divided into kind
Son prestores chamber and seed blowout chamber, is connected on the side wall of seed blowout chamber and goes out kind of a mouth with what seed blowout chamber was connected
（18）, the prestore side wall of chamber of the seed passes through connecting tube（5）With seed-box（4）It is connected to；The vent disc（15）Bottom
With bottom cover（17）Between form the second cavity（16）, second cavity（16）By second partition（24）It is divided into negative pressuren zone and positive pressure
Area, wherein negative pressuren zone and the first cavity（13）The seed chamber that prestores it is corresponding, zone of positive pressure is corresponding with seed blowout chamber, described negative
Pressure area passes through negative pressure line（25）It is connected with negative pressure generating device, the zone of positive pressure passes through positive pressure pipeline（27）It is connected with positive pressure production
Generating apparatus；The negative pressure generating device and positive pressure generation device are installed in rack（1）On；
The seeder（3）With seed-box（4）When connection, seeder（3）Central shaft be located on horizontal plane and go out kind of a mouth（18）
Downward.
2. according to claim 1 one cultivates peanut whole fruit mechanization film side seeder, which is characterized in that the seed taking disc
（14）Groove（19）Hemispherical, peanut whole fruit film side seeder includes the seed taking disc of three kinds of specifications（14）, three kinds of rule
The seed taking disc of lattice（14）On groove（19）Diameter be respectively φ 60mm, φ 45mm, φ 30mm.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 one cultivates peanut whole fruit mechanization film side seeder, which is characterized in that the rack
（1）There are two the hitch frames being symmetrically set for upper installation（11）.
4. according to claim 3 one cultivates peanut whole fruit mechanization film side seeder, which is characterized in that described first every
Plate（23）And second partition（24）It is spliced by two pieces of consistent risers of length, width and height, one end of two pieces of risers is fixedly connected
Together, the non-touching other end of two pieces of risers and seeder（3）Inner wall be fixedly connected, one end that two pieces of risers are connected
It is respectively positioned on seeder（3）Central axis on, first partition（23）Two pieces of risers angle and second partition（24）Two pieces perpendicular
The angle of plate is consistent.
5. according to claim 4 one cultivates peanut whole fruit mechanization film side seeder, which is characterized in that the negative pressure generates
Device is negative-pressure air fan（26）, positive pressure generation device is positive pressure fan（28）；The chain-wheel box（2）It is additionally provided with wind turbine sprocket wheel,
Negative-pressure air fan（26）With positive pressure fan（28）Pass through chain and chain-wheel box respectively（2）Wind turbine sprocket wheel be connected.
6. whole fruit mechanization film side type of seeding of cultivating peanut, using the whole fruit mechanization film side of peanut as claimed in claim 2
Seeder is realized, which is characterized in that specifically includes following steps：
A, plot is selected, selects deep topsoil, quality sandy soil, husky earth, light earth, and do not plant the ground of legume in 3 years
Block is watered with pre-sowing water before broadcasting, and the easily cultivated phase combines deep ploughing, and high phosphorus, potassium ternary compound fertilizer 450-600kg are applied per sq-km；So
Smooth plough waits broadcasting afterwards；
B, peanut seed pod is screened；According to the whole fruit size of peanut, preparing mesh size is,,,Four kinds of vertical sieves,
If the whole fruit of big grain, first mistakeAperture sieve, then useAperture sieve rejecting does not meet this kind spy
The granule or large seed and impurity of sign；
If medium-sized seed：First crossAperture sieve, then useAperture sieve rejecting does not meet this kind spy
The small-sized seed or large seed and impurity of sign；
If small-sized seed：First crossAperture sieve, then useAperture sieve rejecting does not meet this kind
Small-sized seed, large seed and the impurity of feature；It is 75 ° or so that sieve is found when operation with ground level angle；
C, the whole fruit of peanut that soaking step b is selected is broadcast first 2 days by the whole fruit of peanut for preparing to have screened per sq-km 300kg,
It is packed with sandbag, is then immersed in seed-soaking liquid, for 24 hours, when immersion is pressed soaking time with weight, and peanut is made all to be immersed in leaching
In kind liquid, the seed-soaking liquid is the potassium sulfate of the general calcium, 0.5-1% that are 0.5-1% containing mass fraction, more bacterium of 0.1-0.2%
Clever wettable powder, the phoxim or chlorpyrifos ec of 0.1-0.2%, 0.1% boron fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer or more trace elements fertilizer
Aqueous solution；It impregnates the whole fruit of peanut finished to pull out, spread out, surface of drying in the shade can be sowed；
D, covering with ground sheeting is sowed, and can be sowed when the ground temperature in the arable land that depth is 0-10cm is stablized by 15 DEG C, using such as power
Profit requires the whole fruit mechanization film side planting with sowing machine of the peanut described in 5, and suitably kind is taken according to the whole fruit fruit type size replacement of peanut
Disk（14）, covering with ground sheeting sowing, in two row peanuts of film side sowing, peanut wide row space 60cm, small line-spacing 40 or 50cm, hill spacing
15cm, whole fruit one, seed level 5-7cm of cultivating peanut per bunch planting, fully suppression after broadcasting；
E, clear in time after emergence, initial bloom stage ridging, top dressing, the middle and later periods prevent pest and disease damage in time.
7. according to claim 6 one cultivates peanut whole fruit mechanization film side type of seeding, which is characterized in that per 100-110cm wide
Plot covers 80cm or 60cm broadly one width of film.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN110896750A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-03-24 | 沈阳农业大学 | Peanut clearing device |
| CN110896749A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-03-24 | 沈阳农业大学 | Peanut clearing machine |
| CN111512750A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-08-11 | 黑龙江省农业科学院大豆研究所 | High-yield high-efficiency seeding mechanical device for soybean large-ridge cultivation |
| CN112703944A (en) * | 2019-10-27 | 2021-04-27 | 淮安富腾农业科技有限公司 | Container type planting module and planting device |
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| IT8567349A0 (en) * | 1984-04-13 | 1985-04-12 | Soderma Soc Dev Rech Mach Agri | AUTOMATIC SEEDER |
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| CN108575212B (en) | 2023-07-11 |
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