CN108029461B - A kind of wheat stubble sesame gently simplifies implantation methods - Google Patents
A kind of wheat stubble sesame gently simplifies implantation methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN108029461B CN108029461B CN201711436512.2A CN201711436512A CN108029461B CN 108029461 B CN108029461 B CN 108029461B CN 201711436512 A CN201711436512 A CN 201711436512A CN 108029461 B CN108029461 B CN 108029461B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of wheat stubble sesames gently to simplify implantation methods.The kind that this method selects suitable wheat stubble machine to adopt；Timely grab moisture sowing after wheat harvest, using line-spacings plantation equal between wheat stubble, seeder uses sesame special medicated fertilizer using rotary tillage, fertilising, sowing, earthing and the integrated rotary tillage fertilizer of suppression, fertilizer；Lawn mower topping carries out disleave using Thidiazuron+ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid+methyl oleate and accelerates the ripening；It falls off when the upper blade of plant, capsule fine fisssure, seed are gathered in when intrinsic color using the dedicated harvester of sesame in time.In a word, the multi-angles such as the present invention is broadcast together from the selection of sesame variety, no-tillage no thinner sowing, seeding fertilizer, fertile integrated, the mechanical topping of medicine, defoliant disleave, mechanical harvesting, form a whole set of the mechanization that sesame is planted on wheat stubble, the method gently simplified, the method significantly reduce labor intensity, improve the enthusiasm of peasant planting sesame.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of crop cultivation, and in particular to a kind of light simplified implantation methods of wheat stubble sesame.
Background technique
Sesame category Pedaliaceae flax category is a kind of ancient oil crops, is known as the title of the king of " oil crops ".Sesame
Seed oil content is 50-60%, and natural containing a variety of nutriments and sesamol, sesamin etc. such as protein, minerals
Antioxidant.Sesame and products thereof has very high application value, is favored by people.In recent years, sesame demand is increasingly
Greatly.The import volume of the annual sesame in China is up to 800,000 tons at present, and there was only 20,000 tons before 10 years, increases 40 times fully.Not with this
Match, China year plantation sesame area only has 7,000,000 mu, and is originally once once reaching 20,000,000 mu.To find out its cause, due to
Sesame production mechanization degree is too low, and labor intensity is too big, requires a large amount of labour from plantation to harvesting, and by labour
Limitation at high cost, the enthusiasm decline of peasant planting.It is well known that sesame seed is very small, it is mostly artificial broadcast at present,
Thinning is needed, while needing artificial harvest, 1000 mu of sesames gather in more days, very labor intensive with nearly 300 people simultaneously.With it
He compares crops, and the maturity period is different from top to bottom for sesame capsule, below ripe, just blooming above, overdone sesame
Seed opens mouth and just drops in ground.The mode line-spacing manually disseminated at present simultaneously is uneven, therefore, carries out mechanization to sesame
There are biggish difficulty.
Sesame tradition is planted based on sowing in spring, and a Nian Yizuo, comparative effectiveness is not high, and pure makees sesame continuous cropping bring disease pest
Evil is than more serious.The average activity of Shandong Province >=10 DEG C is 3592~4760 DEG C, and average frost-free period is 173~250d,
Average precipitation is 550~950mm, be able to meet wheat, Summer maize yield two crops a year, not only ensure grain yield, but also increase
Mu land output.But due to after combined wheat harvester harvest wheat stubble stay ground high, stalk is all detained field, stay field stalk and
The processing of wheat stubble is to perplex the thorny problem of second stubble crop plantation growth.If wheat stubble directly cultivates sesame, due to sesame summer sowing
The season of growth is nervous, and sesame seed is immature, and it is weak to push up native power, in addition extremely sensitive to stain evil, it is difficult to which one broadcasts full stand, and seedling is weak, no
It is even, easily lead to sesame low yield.Shandong Cotton Research Center developed a kind of wheat stubble sesame rationally efficient implantation methods in 2014
(number of patent application: 2014103848313), this method specifically: after wheat harvest, reservation wheat stubble is motionless, reduces big magnitude mechanical and ploughs
Make to scatter and disappear to the destruction of soil crumb structure and soil moisture content, cleans out wheat stalk, glume stays ground；Rotary cultivator is along wheat stubble rotary tillage in the ranks
It digs；Base fertilizer is used sufficient, the fertilization mode combined using quick-acting fertilizer with Controlled Release Fertilizer, drilling sesame.Although the technology is after wheat harvest
Sesame early sowing of losing no time in sowing while there is sufficient moisture in the soil achievees the effect that broadcast full stand.But since its mechanization degree is poor, and due to summer sowing sesame seedling is weak, no
The problems such as even, therefore wheat stubble sesame is there are still low output, poor quality, time-consuming, and comparative effectiveness is low.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, kind agronomy agricultural machinery of the present invention combines, suitable wheat stubble sowing and entire mechanization are selected
Sesame Cultivar, and propose matched cultivation technique, realize cost-saving synergistic.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of wheat stubble sesames gently to simplify implantation methods.This method kind agronomy agricultural machinery combines, selection
Be suitable for the kind adopted of wheat stubble machine, seed manure applies dedicated medicine fertilizer with broadcasting, rationalize control, entire mechanization, realize it is double subtract it is water-saving,
Abridged edition is efficient.
The technical scheme is that a kind of wheat stubble sesame gently simplifies implantation methods, characterized in that the following steps are included:
1) kind for selecting suitable wheat stubble machine to adopt
Selection precocity, the only bar of short bar, branch, the first capsule height tie capsule concentration and capsule spacing are less than in 20cm or more
5cm, capsule maturation degree of cracking is medium, sensitive to defoliant, sesame variety resistant to lodging.
2) seeding and fertilizing
Timely grab moisture sowing after wheat harvest, sowing date earlier than June 15, are planted, seeder using line-spacings equal between wheat stubble
Using rotary tillage, fertilising, sowing, earthing and the integrated rotary tillage fertilizer of suppression, application rate is in 0.3kg- per acre
0.5kg；Thinning, final singling are not needed after planting；
Sesame special medicated fertilizer (ZL201410342215.1) 120-180 that application Shandong Cotton Research Center develops per acre is public
Jin, fertilizer impose on sesame in the ranks, and 8-12 centimetres away from sesame row, 3-6 centimetres of fertilization depth.
3) field management
Weeding, topping control length；
Wherein topping control length are as follows: in the middle and later periods of full blossom, the top of 3-5cm at the top of sesame is extractd with lawn mower；
4) it disleave and accelerates the ripening
It falls off to plant lower blade, lower part capsule is intended to split, and seed is in 6-8 days before the intrinsic color of kind, and mu sprays 50%
+ 0.05% methyl oleate emulsifier (30- of+0.01% ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid aqueous solution (1-1.5g) of Thidiazuron wettable powder (20-40g)
50g), it is watered and sprays plant upper blade；
5) it harvests
All fall off when the upper blade of plant, when capsule fine fisssure, seed are in intrinsic color using the dedicated harvester of sesame and
When gather in；
6 sunnings
It is selected using refiner when sufficiently sunning makes water content be down to 5-10% after retracting dring yard, storage storage.
Preferably, the sesame variety of the step 1) is middle sesame 22, the kinds such as Ji Zhi 5.
Preferably, the step 2) broadcasts full stand for one, and exempts from thinning, and 2 times of the sesame that fries can be added before broadcasting and mix thoroughly together
It broadcasts.
Preferably, the present invention also provides one kind, and gently the simplified matching used rotary tillage of implantation methods is applied with above-mentioned wheat stubble sesame
Fertile seeder, including trifilar suspension frame, support frame, rotary cultivator, fertilizer apparatus, seeding apparatus, coverer and pack roller, it is described
Fertilizer apparatus includes fertilizer box, fertilizer apparatus, fertilising plastic tube and applicator boot, and the seeding apparatus includes seed-box, row
Kind device, sowing plastic tube and seed opener, the fertilizer box and seed-box are separated by setting intermediate bulkhead among a chest
It forms, the pack roller drives the feed mechanism for seed and fertilizer apparatus to work as power wheel by chain drive, is exposed
Chain is by the chain guard cover covering protection, which is characterized in that further includes battery and platypelloid type motor for cell phone；
There are several platypelloid type motors for cell phone by adhesive tape binding and fixing on the outer surface of the fertilising plastic tube；
There are several platypelloid type motors for cell phone by adhesive tape binding and fixing on the outer surface of the sowing plastic tube；
The battery is electrically connected by electric wire with platypelloid type motor for cell phone；
The electric wire being electrically connected with the platypelloid type motor for cell phone on the fertilising plastic tube is bound by adhesive tape in the fertilising
On the outer surface of plastic tube, the electric wire being electrically connected with the platypelloid type motor for cell phone on the sowing plastic tube is existed by adhesive tape binding
On the outer surface of the sowing plastic tube；
The battery is fixed on the support frame of the fertilising plastic tube and/or the sowing plastic tube.
Further, the feed mechanism for seed includes more hill-drop feed runs of level-one strip sowing seed discharge device and second level, and described is broadcast
Kind device further includes intermediate seed box；The level-one strip sowing seed discharge device is set at kind of the mouth out of the seed-box, the second level
More hill-drop feed runs are set on the seed opener, and the intermediate seed box is set to more bunch planting seedings of the second level
At the seed inlet of device, the upper end opening of the sowing plastic tube is connected to kind of the mouth that goes out of the level-one strip sowing seed discharge device, described to broadcast
The lower ending opening of kind plastic tube and the seed inlet of the intermediate seed box are connected to.
Further, the line-spacing between two neighboring seed opener is 40cm, and the spacing in the rows of the seeding apparatus is 15cm,
The depth of planting of the seeding apparatus is 2cm~3cm；
Further, the applicator boot be located between the line-spacing of two adjacent seed openers and with one of them
The line-spacing of seed opener is 10cm, and the fertilization depth of the fertilizer apparatus is 10cm.
Compared with existing wheat stubble sesame rationally efficient implantation methods (2014103848313), the present invention has following excellent
Gesture:
1, entire mechanization is saved manually, realizes light simplify
Existing wheat stubble sesame seeding method occupies a large amount of artificial.It mainly manually includes: artificial seeding, artificial thinning
Final singling, artificial harvest etc..The present invention: 1) it selects and exempts from thinning planting with sowing machine sesame, while adulterating the sesame fried in sesame seed
The mode of fiber crops can broadcast full stand with one and exempt from thinning, thus eliminate artificial seeding, thinning, final singling manpower consumption；2) present invention is first
First select is suitable for that the sesame variety that wheat stubble machine is adopted finally by the way of harvester harvesting, is removed from then using defoliant disleave
The manpower consumption of sesame harvest；3) mechanical topping is reduced artificial；In short, the present invention is whole to use mechanization, greatly reduce
Labor intensity.
It is fixed to exempt from thinning for rotary tillage of the present invention simultaneously, fertilising, sowing, earthing and the disposable completion of suppression, medicine fertilizer integration
Seedling, entire mechanization realize the light simplification of wheat stubble sesame planting technology.
2, a kind of dedicated defoliant of sesame is provided
Currently, defoliant is widely used in terms of cotton, but there are no applications on sesame.If sesame does not take off
Leaf, dead leaf are gathered in through harvester during becoming sesame seed to shelling, and leaf powder is doped into tiny sesame, is increased
Subsequent workload.Since cotton and sesame are there are growthdevelopmental stage, plant type, blade profile, Physiology and biochemistry etc. are different, traditional cotton
Flower defoliant is not directly applicable sesame disleave, and the present invention is used using Thidiazuron, ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid and methyl oleate emulsifier compounding
The effect of whole disleaves is finally reached with disleave, the benefit accelerated the ripening with synergy in sesame disleave.
3, the characteristics of Summer maize yield being planted according to wheat stubble supporting machinery
The present invention also provides a kind of matching used rotary tillage fertilizers, including trifilar suspension frame, support frame, rotary tillage
Machine, fertilizer apparatus, seeding apparatus, coverer and pack roller, being capable of integration realization rotary tillage, fertilising, sowing, earthing and town
Pressure, makes it possible to that sesame is broadcast live in the field after wheat harvest, early sowing sesame of losing no time in sowing while there is sufficient moisture in the soil after wheat harvest achievees the effect that broadcast full stand.
4, entire technique is improved according to the characteristics of planting sesame on wheat stubble
The present invention plants sesame on wheat stubble, using mating rotary tillage fertilizer, integrated can realize rotary tillage, apply
Fertilizer, sowing, earthing and suppression.
While the present invention selects energetic, bud rate is high kind and seed, it is appropriate to increase the amount of broadcasting, seed chemicals treatment and fit
The technologies solution Summer maize yield top soil power such as degree suppression is weak, guarantees that one broadcasts full stand.
Summer maize yield mode is planted compared to wheat stubble, can shift to an earlier date 7 days or so and sow, reduces soil and dissipates moisture in the soil, extend breeding time 7 days
Left and right, significantly improves yield.
4, total productivity effect is improved
For the present invention on the basis of ensuring grain (wheat) good harvest, Sesame Seed Yield is greater than 100 kgs/acre, than current wheat
20% or more stubble sesame seeding method volume increase, comprehensive investment reduces 50% or more, and comprehensive benefit improves 50% or more.
With it is traditional it is pure make sesame compared with, in the case where the sesame not underproduction, mu increases income 500 kilograms of wheat or so, increases
Production is worth 1000 yuan above.It also solves simultaneously and pure makees sesame continuous cropping bring pest and disease damage；The application of special medicated fertilizer, 100% is reduced
The application of chemical pesticide, 52% reduce the application of chemical fertilizer.
In short, the present invention is from the selection of sesame variety, no-tillage no thinner sowing, seeding fertilizer are broadcast together, medicine fertilizer is integrated, machinery is beaten
The multi-angles such as top, defoliant disleave, mechanical harvesting form a whole set of the mechanization for planting sesame on wheat stubble, gently simplify
Method realize the light simplification of wheat stubble sesame plantation, improve peasant planting sesame the method significantly reduce labor intensity
Enthusiasm.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the side structure schematic view of rotary tillage fertilizer of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross-sectional view of the length direction along rotary tillage fertilizer of Fig. 1；
In figure: 1 rotary cultivator, 2 chests, 3 intermediate bulkheads, 4 fertilizer boxes, 5 seed-boxes, 6 fertilizer apparatus, 7 feed mechanism for seeds, 8 fertilising modelings
Expects pipe, 9 sowing plastic tubes, 11 support frames, 12 pack rollers, 13 chain guard covers, 14 setting sowing depth mechanisms.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig.1~2, Fig. 1 is the side view knot provided by the present invention for the rotary tillage fertilizer of summer sowing sesame
Structure schematic diagram；Fig. 2 is the schematic cross-sectional view of the length direction along rotary tillage fertilizer of Fig. 1.
This application provides a kind of rotary tillage fertilizers for summer sowing sesame, including trifilar suspension frame, support
Frame 11, rotary cultivator 1, fertilizer apparatus, seeding apparatus, coverer and pack roller 12, the fertilizer apparatus include fertilizer box 4, row
Fertile device 6, fertilising plastic tube 8 and applicator boot, the seeding apparatus include seed-box 5, feed mechanism for seed 7, sowing plastic tube 9 with
And seed opener, the fertilizer box and seed-box are separated by intermediate bulkhead 3 is arranged among a chest 2, the pack roller
12 are used as power wheel to drive the feed mechanism for seed 7 and fertilizer apparatus 6 to work by chain drive, and the chain being exposed is by the chain
13 covering protection of protective cover, further includes battery and platypelloid type motor for cell phone；
There are several platypelloid type motors for cell phone by adhesive tape binding and fixing on the outer surface of the fertilising plastic tube；
There are several platypelloid type motors for cell phone by adhesive tape binding and fixing on the outer surface of the sowing plastic tube；
The battery is electrically connected by electric wire with platypelloid type motor for cell phone；
The electric wire being electrically connected with the platypelloid type motor for cell phone on the fertilising plastic tube is bound by adhesive tape in the fertilising
On the outer surface of plastic tube, the electric wire being electrically connected with the platypelloid type motor for cell phone on the sowing plastic tube is existed by adhesive tape binding
On the outer surface of the sowing plastic tube；
The battery is fixed on the support frame of the fertilising plastic tube and/or the sowing plastic tube.
Rotary tillage fertilizer provided by the present application is live streaming sesame, it is well known that sesame seed volume very little and weight
Compare gently, and inevitably makes inside pipe wall become damp ponding into some steam due to working long hours to sow in plastic tube
Drop, or enter the dirts such as some dusts and be adhered on inside pipe wall, during so that sesame transmits in sowing plastic tube
It can cannot be fallen into seed opener, cause by self gravity by the water droplet or the things adhesion inhibition such as dust on inside pipe wall
It is short of seedling or leaks seedling, for this purpose, the application there are several flat on the outer surface of the sowing plastic tube by adhesive tape binding and fixing
Type motor for cell phone, the platypelloid type motor for cell phone are that interior set is a kind of micro-vibration electricity for realizing mobile phone vibration function in mobile phone
Machine, commercially available to buy, due to its compact and Oscillation Amplitude is moderate, is very suitable to vibrate sowing plastic tube herein,
It is fallen with will be shaken from inside pipe wall by the sesame seed of water droplet or the things adhesion inhibition such as dust on inside pipe wall, so that sesame kind
Son is smoothly fallen into seed opener.Similarly, the application passes through adhesive tape binding and fixing on the outer surface of the fertilising plastic tube
There are several platypelloid type motors for cell phone, so that fertilizer is smoothly fallen into applicator boot.
In one embodiment of the application, the feed mechanism for seed includes more bunch planting rows of level-one strip sowing seed discharge device and second level
Kind device, and the seeding apparatus further includes intermediate seed box；The level-one strip sowing seed discharge device is set to the kind out of the seed-box
At mouthful, more hill-drop feed runs of the second level are set on the seed opener, and the intermediate seed box is set to described two
At the seed inlet of more hill-drop feed runs of grade, the upper end opening of the sowing plastic tube and the kind out of the level-one strip sowing seed discharge device
Mouth connection, the lower ending opening of the sowing plastic tube and the seed inlet of the intermediate seed box are connected to.
Rotary tillage fertilizer provided by the present application is live streaming sesame, it is well known that sesame seed volume very little and weight
Compare gently, and due to can generally fill several jin even ten several jin of sesame seed in seed-box, from several jin even ten several jin of sesame
Two or three seed that can lack thinning is just obtained by a seeding of feed mechanism for seed in seed, it is clear that relatively difficult, it is also difficult to long
Time stablizes the seeding for keeping two or three seed, for this purpose, being provided with more caves of level-one strip sowing seed discharge device and second level in the application
Broadcast feed mechanism for seed, the drilling seeding from seed-box first with level-one strip sowing seed discharge device, then using more hill-drop feed runs of second level from
More bunch planting seedings in intermediate seed box, the sesame seed in intermediate seed box only have tens, are discharged from tens seeds
Two or three seed is obviously more much easier and steady than two or three seed is discharged from several jin even ten several jin of sesame seed
It is fixed much continuous, the seed number eventually entered into seed opener is degressively reduced by second level, to improve sesame
The efficiency and quality of precision drilling.
In one embodiment of the application, the line-spacing between two neighboring seed opener is 40cm, the sowing dress
The spacing in the rows set is 15cm, and the depth of planting of the seeding apparatus is 2cm~3cm；The applicator boot is located at adjacent two
It is 10cm, the fertilization depth of the fertilizer apparatus between the line-spacing of seed opener and with the line-spacing of one of seed opener
For 5cm.In the application, the depth of planting of seed opener is by 14 up and down adjustment of setting sowing depth mechanism.
Embodiment 1:
1 kind for selecting suitable wheat stubble machine to adopt
Be suitable for wheat stubble machine adopt sesame variety requirement precocious (breeding time 80 or so), the only bar of short bar (plant height is lower than 1.8m),
Branch, the first capsule height (do not harvest) in 20cm or more convenient for field from which wheat has been reaped, and knot capsule is concentrated and capsule spacing is less than 5cm, and capsule maturation is opened
Degree of splitting is medium, sensitive to defoliant, resistant to lodging etc..Such as: No. 5 middle sesame 22, Ji Zhi kinds.
2 sowings
2.1 standby broadcast
Seed requires full seed, and cleanliness is not less than 97%, and purity is not less than 97%, and germination percentage is not less than 85%.Before broadcasting
It basks seeds and is conducive to full stand strong sprout with chemicals treatment, chemicals treatment can use 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder or 70% carbendazim
Wettable powder is dressed seed by grain weight 0.1%-1%, is sowed after drying.
2.2 grab moisture sowing
Timely grab moisture sowing after wheat harvest, sowing date earlier than June 15, are planted, seeder using line-spacings equal between wheat stubble
Using above-mentioned rotary tillage (along wheat stubble rotary tillage in the ranks), fertilising, sowing, earthing and integrated rotary tillage fertilizer is suppressed,
Sowing line-spacing is 40cm, spacing in the rows 15cm, depth of planting 2-3cm, and application rate (broadcasts full stand in 0.3kg-0.5kg for one, again per acre
Exempt from thinning, 2 times of the sesame that fries can be added before broadcasting and mix same broadcast thoroughly), 10 000~12 000 plants per acre of density range.It prevents from covering
Soil is too deep, and seeding down is feeding-up.Thinning, final singling are not needed after planting.
2.3 seed manures are same to be broadcast
150 kilograms of the sesame special medicated fertilizer (ZL201410342215.1) that application Shandong Cotton Research Center develops per acre,
Realize medicine fertilizer integration, time of infertility applied once medicine fertilizer.Using above-mentioned integrated rotary tillage fertilizer, fertilizer is imposed on
Sesame in the ranks, away from 10 centimetres of sesame row, 10 centimetres of fertilization depth.
3 field management
3.1 weeding
After planting timely herbicide spraying (50% 120ml/ mus of Acetochlor, 60ml/ mus of 96% Jin Douer liquid, 50% enemy's grass
150ml/ mus of amine), close weeds；Poison bait is spread after broadcasting prevents and treats subterranean pest-insect (cutworm, mole cricket, grub etc.) in time.
3.2 change control
If over growth, seedling stage can spray mepiquat chloride 1-1.5mg in right amount per acre, to avoid sesame prosperous growth.
3.3 topping control length
In the middle and later periods of full blossom, 15~20d after Summer maize yield is just spent can extract 3-5cm at the top of sesame with lawn mower
Product quality is improved to increase mass of 1000 kernel and yield in top.
It 4 disleaves and accelerates the ripening
According to each variety characteristic, plant lower blade falls off, and lower part capsule is intended to split, seed be in the intrinsic color of kind before 7 days,
Mu sprays+0.05% methyl oleate of+0.01% ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid aqueous solution (1-1.5g) of 50% Thidiazuron wettable powder (20-40g)
Emulsifier (30-50g), is watered 60L and sprays, and the upper blade of plant is made to fall off.
5 harvests
It when the upper blade of plant completely falls off, capsule fine fisssure, seed are in intrinsic color, should gather in time, when harvesting uses
The dedicated harvester of sesame that healthy agricultural machinery Co., Ltd, Zhumadian City develops.
6 sunnings
It is poly- super using Jining Ju Chao commerce and trade Co., Ltd when sufficiently sunning makes water content be down to 9% or so after retracting dring yard
JCJX-01 type five cereals refiner is selected, storage storage.
The present invention is artificial to put into compared with existing wheat stubble sesame rationally efficient implantation methods (2014103848313)
(expending including machinery artificial) as shown in table 1, benefit accounting is as shown in table 2.
The implantation methods of the present invention of table 1 are compared with the artificial investment of current wheat stubble sesame (unit: day)
Note: mechanical 60 yuan/mu of recruitment expense converts the amount of labour used by generation expense；1 work of calculation in artificial 1 day, recruitment expense 70
Member/work.
The implantation methods of the present invention of table 2 (unit: member) compared with the mu of traditional technology investment/income
Remarks: unit price is calculated by 14 yuan/kg of raw sesame.
To sum up, from table 1-2 it can be seen that comparing current wheat stubble sesame seeding method, mu of the present invention is saved artificial 7 days,
Volume increase 20%, comprehensive investment reduce 440 yuan, and comprehensive benefit improves 776 yuan.Existing wheat stubble sesame planting patterns is due to labour cost
With higher, deduct it is artificial after actual gain only 334 yuan/kg, and light simplified method of the invention is due to being greatly saved people
Work, comprehensive income is up to 1110 yuan/kg.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of wheat stubble sesame gently simplifies implantation methods, characterized in that the following steps are included:
1) kind for selecting suitable wheat stubble machine to adopt
Selection precocity, the only bar of short bar, branch, the first capsule height tie capsule concentration and capsule spacing are less than 5cm, capsule in 20cm or more
Mature degree of cracking is medium, sensitive to defoliant, sesame variety resistant to lodging；
2) seeding and fertilizing
Timely grab moisture sowing after wheat harvest, sowing date, using line-spacings sowing equal between wheat stubble, seeder used earlier than June 15
Rotary tillage, fertilising, sowing, earthing and the integrated rotary tillage fertilizer of suppression, application rate is broadcast in 0.3kg-0.5kg per acre
The sesame that fries that 2 times of quality are added before kind mixes same broadcast thoroughly；Thinning, final singling are not needed after planting；
120-180 kilograms of sesame special medicated fertilizer is applied per acre, and fertilizer imposes on sesame in the ranks；
3) field management
Weeding, topping control length；
Wherein topping control length are as follows: in the middle and later periods of full blossom, the top of 3-5cm at the top of sesame is extractd with lawn mower；
4) it disleave and accelerates the ripening
It falls off to plant lower blade, lower part capsule is intended to split, and seed is in 6-8 days before the intrinsic color of kind, and mu sprays 50% thiophene benzene
Grand wettable powder 20-40g+0.01% ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid aqueous solution 1-1.5g+0.05% methyl oleate emulsifier 30-50g, is watered spray
Apply plant upper blade；
5) it harvests
It all falls off when the upper blade of plant, capsule fine fisssure, seed are received in when intrinsic color using the dedicated harvester of sesame in time
It cuts；
The rotary tillage fertilizer of the step 2), including trifilar suspension frame, support frame, rotary cultivator, fertilizer apparatus, sowing dress
It sets, coverer and pack roller, the fertilizer apparatus include fertilizer box, fertilizer apparatus, fertilising plastic tube and applicator boot, institute
Stating seeding apparatus includes seed-box, feed mechanism for seed, sowing plastic tube and seed opener, and the fertilizer box and seed-box are by a case
Sub intermediate setting intermediate bulkhead is separated, the pack roller as power wheel by chain drive drive the feed mechanism for seed and
Fertilizer apparatus work, for the chain being exposed by the chain guard cover covering protection, it further includes battery and platypelloid type mobile phone
Motor；
There are several platypelloid type motors for cell phone by adhesive tape binding and fixing on the outer surface of the fertilising plastic tube；
There are several platypelloid type motors for cell phone by adhesive tape binding and fixing on the outer surface of the sowing plastic tube；
The battery is electrically connected by electric wire with platypelloid type motor for cell phone；
The electric wire being electrically connected with the platypelloid type motor for cell phone on the fertilising plastic tube is bound by adhesive tape in the fertilising plastics
On the outer surface of pipe, the electric wire being electrically connected with the platypelloid type motor for cell phone on the sowing plastic tube is bound by adhesive tape described
On the outer surface for sowing plastic tube；
The battery is fixed on the support frame of the fertilising plastic tube and/or the sowing plastic tube；
The feed mechanism for seed includes more hill-drop feed runs of level-one strip sowing seed discharge device and second level, and during the seeding apparatus further includes
Between seed box；The level-one strip sowing seed discharge device is set at kind of the mouth out of the seed-box, more hill-drop feed runs of the second level
It being set on the seed opener, the intermediate seed box is set at the seed inlet of more hill-drop feed runs of the second level,
The upper end opening of the sowing plastic tube is connected to kind of the mouth that goes out of the level-one strip sowing seed discharge device, the lower end of the sowing plastic tube
Opening is connected to the seed inlet of the intermediate seed box.
2. a kind of wheat stubble sesame as described in claim 1 gently simplifies implantation methods, characterized in that the step 5) gathers in post-tensioning
It is selected using refiner when sufficiently sunning makes water content be down to 5-10% after going back to dring yard, storage storage.
3. a kind of wheat stubble sesame as described in claim 1 gently simplifies implantation methods, characterized in that the sesame product of the step 1)
Kind is middle sesame 22 or Ji sesame No. 5.
4. a kind of wheat stubble sesame as described in claim 1 gently simplifies implantation methods, characterized in that the step 2) fertilizer imposes on
Sesame in the ranks, 8-12 centimetres away from sesame row, 3-6 centimetres of fertilization depth.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711436512.2A CN108029461B (en) | 2017-12-26 | 2017-12-26 | A kind of wheat stubble sesame gently simplifies implantation methods |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711436512.2A CN108029461B (en) | 2017-12-26 | 2017-12-26 | A kind of wheat stubble sesame gently simplifies implantation methods |
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| CN113455310A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-10-01 | 商丘市农林科学院 | Sesame mechanized harvesting method |
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| CN201403290Y (en) * | 2009-05-11 | 2010-02-17 | 常用旺 | Machine integrating ditching, fertilizing, rotary tillage and sowing |
| CN103766145B (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-03-25 | 山东棉花研究中心 | Rapid indentifying method for disleaving effect before cotton harvesting |
| CN104186139A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2014-12-10 | 山东棉花研究中心 | Reasonable and efficient planting method for wheat stubble sesame |
| CN104521355B (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2017-05-10 | 中国农业大学 | Deep scarification, rotary tillage and layered fertilization zoning seed broadcaster for wheat |
| CN105917774B (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2019-01-25 | 袁国庆 | A kind of subsoiling fertilising pressure ditch makes a seeder |
| CN206629406U (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-11-14 | 重庆市潼南区升辉蔬菜专业合作社 | A kind of sowing of vegetable equipment |
| CN206741536U (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-12-12 | 山东棉花研究中心 | A kind of cotton seed novel counter |
| CN107372593A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-11-24 | 广西桂平市石龙镇江夏种养专业合作社 | A kind of cotton defoliant |
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