CN109618856A - A kind of wheat stubble mung bean gently simplifies implantation methods - Google Patents
A kind of wheat stubble mung bean gently simplifies implantation methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN109618856A CN109618856A CN201811583507.9A CN201811583507A CN109618856A CN 109618856 A CN109618856 A CN 109618856A CN 201811583507 A CN201811583507 A CN 201811583507A CN 109618856 A CN109618856 A CN 109618856A
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- mung bean
- seed
- wheat stubble
- wheat
- implantation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of wheat stubble mung beans gently to simplify implantation methods, this method kind agronomy agricultural machinery combines, entire technique is improved according to the characteristics of planting mung bean on wheat stubble, the kind for selecting suitable wheat stubble machine to adopt, seed manure is same to be broadcast, apply dedicated medicine fertilizer, using dedicated defoliant, rationalize control, entire mechanization, realization pair subtracts water-saving, abridged edition is efficient, realize light simplify, on the basis of ensuring grain (wheat) good harvest, mung bean yield is greater than 200 kgs/acre, than 12% or more current wheat stubble mung bean seeding method volume increase, comprehensive investment reduces 70% or more, comprehensive benefit improves 60% or more, the present invention forms a whole set of the mechanization that mung bean is planted on wheat stubble, gently simplified method, the method significantly reduce labor intensity, realize the light simplification of wheat stubble mung bean plantation, improve peasant planting The enthusiasm of mung bean.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wheat stubble mung beans gently to simplify implantation methods, is related to arviculture field of planting.
Background technique
When mung bean maturation, Ye Qing and do not fall off, be mostly artificial broadcast at present, need thinning, while needing artificial multiple
Harvest, 1000 mu of mung beans at least harvest 3 times, very labor intensive with nearly 300 people.Compared with other crops, mung bean capsule
The maturity period is different from top to bottom, below ripe, just blooming above, and overdone mung bean seed opens mouth and just drops in ground
?.The mode line-spacing manually disseminated at present simultaneously is uneven, and therefore, carrying out mechanization to mung bean, there are biggish difficulty.
Mung bean tradition is planted based on sowing in spring, supplemented by summer sowing, and a Nian Yizuo, comparative effectiveness is not high, and pure makees mung bean continuous cropping
Bring pest and disease damage is than more serious.The average activity of Shandong Province >=10 DEG C is 3592~4760 DEG C, and average frost-free period is
173~250d, average precipitation are 550~950mm, be able to meet wheat, summer mung bean two crops a year, both ensure grain production
Amount, and increase a mu land output.But wheat stubble stays ground high after being harvested due to combined wheat harvester, stalk is all detained field
Between, staying the processing of field stalk and wheat stubble is to perplex the thorny problem of second stubble crop plantation growth.If wheat stubble directly cultivates mung bean,
Due to mung bean summer sowing season of growth anxiety, it is weak to push up native power for mung bean category dicotyledon, it is difficult to and one broadcasts full stand, and seedling is weak, irregular,
Easily lead to mung bean low yield.Since its mechanization degree is poor, and since summer sowing green bean-leaf is weak, irregular, wheat stubble mung bean there are still
It is low output, poor quality, time-consuming, the problems such as comparative effectiveness is low.
Summary of the invention
The present invention overcomes above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of wheat stubble mung bean is provided and gently simplifies implantation methods.This method
Kind agronomy agricultural machinery combines, the kind for selecting suitable wheat stubble machine to adopt, and seed manure applies dedicated medicine fertilizer, rationalize control, entirely with broadcasting
Journey mechanization is realized and double subtracts that water-saving, abridged edition is efficient.
A kind of wheat stubble mung bean gently simplifies implantation methods, includes the following steps:
1) kind for selecting suitable wheat stubble machine to adopt
Selection is precocious, upright, plant is compact, is longer than 10cm, the concentration that bears pods, mature cracking journey after the long elongation completely of epicotyl
Spend medium, sensitive to defoliant, resistant to lodging mung bean variety；
2) preceding preparation is broadcast
Seed is selected and remain using selection by winnowing, gravity preparation and color sorting, germination percentage requires 98% or more, seed 30- after basking seeds
It dresses seed after the close very mixing of happy 0.05-0.06ml love in due course of 35ml moral Gao Qiao, 40-45ml, pharmacopoeia weight ratio is 1:60；
3) density is sowed
Timely grab moisture sowing after wheat harvest, sowing date earlier than early July, are planted, line-spacing 40- using line-spacings equal between wheat stubble
50cm, spacing in the rows 10-15cm, monoseeding is using fertilising, sowing, earthing and the integrated rotary tillage fertilizer of suppression, mu
Strain number requires 1.5-2.0 ten thousand, increases by 0.5 ten thousand than tradition plantation, application rate is in 1.5kg-2kg, seed level 3-5cm per acre, after planting
Thinning, final singling are not needed；
4) it applies fertilizer
For seed manure with broadcasting, time of infertility single-dose application, fertilizer eats miscellaneous beans patent using what Shandong Cotton Research Center developed
120-180 kilograms of fertile (ZL201410729596.9), fertilizer imposes on mung bean in the ranks, away from mung bean row 13-22cm, fertilization depth 3-
6cm；
5) weeding and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Weeding before after planting emerging, the growth period prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, all using unmanned plane；
6) it disleave and accelerates the ripening
It falls off to plant lower blade, lower part capsule is intended to split, and seed is in 6-8 days before the intrinsic color of kind, and mu is green with spraying
The dedicated defoliant of beans, is sprayed on plant upper blade using unmanned plane after being watered；
7) it harvests
It also falls off when the upper blade of plant, capsule fine fisssure, seed are gathered in when intrinsic color using mung bean harvester in time；
8) it bakes
It is selected using refiner when drying or being dried to water content and be down to 5-10% after retracting dring yard, storage storage.
Further, mung bean variety described in step 1) is the kinds such as Ji green 0810.
Further, seed described in step 2) is the high seed of the full vigor of big grain.
Further, weeding described in step 5) refers to mu 72% all your missible oil 100g or 48% drag-line aqueous solution
400ml sprays weeding.
Further, the dedicated defoliant of mung bean described in step 6) refers to 98% glyphosate 180-200g mixing, 0.05% oil
Sour methyl esters emulsifier 30-50g.
Further, drying described in step 8), which refers to, produces PRO-300HB grain using Sanjiu Machinery Co., Ltd., Shanghai
Dryer carries out drying and processing.
The utility model has the advantages that
(1) entire mechanization, saving are manually, realization is light simplifies.
1. selection exempt from thinning planting with sowing machine mung bean, full stand can be broadcast with one and exempt from thinning, thus eliminate artificial seeding,
Seedling, final singling manpower consumption；2. using seed manure with broadcast, the spray of time of infertility single-dose application and unmanned plane it is anti-etc., except reduce it is artificial in addition to,
Also the less investment of agriculture chemical；3. then the mung bean variety for selecting suitable wheat stubble machine to adopt first uses defoliant disleave, most
Afterwards by the way of harvester harvesting, the manpower consumption of mung bean harvest is eliminated；In short, the present invention is whole using mechanization, greatly
Labor intensity is reduced greatly；4. fertilising, sowing, earthing and the disposable completion of suppression, medicine fertilizer integration exempt from thinning final singling, entirely
Journey mechanization realizes the light simplification of wheat stubble mung bean planting technology.
(2) a kind of dedicated defoliant of mung bean is provided.
Mung bean disleave is used for using glyphosate and methyl oleate emulsifier compounding, there is disleave, the benefit accelerated the ripening with synergy,
Its effect for being finally reached whole disleaves.
(3) entire technique is improved according to the characteristics of planting mung bean on wheat stubble.
It, being capable of integration realization fertilising, sowing, earthing and suppression using mating rotary tillage fertilizer；Selection vigor
By force, the high kind of bud rate and seed, the appropriate technologies such as the amount of broadcasting, seed chemicals treatment and appropriateness suppression that increase solve summer mung bean top soil
Power is weak, guarantees that one broadcasts full stand；Summer mung bean mode is planted compared to wheat stubble, can shift to an earlier date 7 days or so and sow, reduces soil and dissipates moisture in the soil, prolong
Long breeding time 7 days or so, significantly improve yield.
(4) total productivity effect is improved
On the basis of ensuring grain (wheat) good harvest, mung bean yield is greater than 200 kgs/acre, than current wheat stubble mung bean
12% or more seeding method volume increase, comprehensive investment reduce 70% or more, and comprehensive benefit improves 60% or more.
In short, the present invention is broadcast together from the selection of mung bean variety, no-tillage no thinner sowing, seeding fertilizer, the integration of medicine fertilizer, defoliant
The multi-angles such as disleave, mechanical harvesting form a whole set of the mechanization that mung bean is planted on wheat stubble, the method gently simplified, should
Method greatly reduces labor intensity, realizes the light simplification of wheat stubble mung bean plantation, improves the enthusiasm of peasant planting mung bean.
Specific embodiment
The test of 1 defoliation effect of embodiment
It is divided into four processing groups, test group 1 sprays dedicated defoliant, and (98% glyphosate 180-200g mixes 0.05% oleic acid
Methyl esters emulsifier 30-50g) it is sprayed using unmanned plane, test group 2 uses dedicated defoliant artificial spraying, and test group 3 uses general
Defoliant (66% Thidiazuron opposes ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid aqueous solution), test group 4 does not use defoliant, and unmanned plane sprays clear water.
1 defoliant effect of table
By can be seen that in table 1, it is good that defoliation effect is sprayed using defoliant dedicated in present invention cooperation unmanned plane, and per acre
Recruitment is lower, and efficiency is best.
Embodiment 21, laboratory operating procedures
1) kind for selecting suitable wheat stubble machine to adopt
Selection is precocious, upright, plant is compact, epicotyl is long, the concentration that bears pods, mature consistent, sensitive to defoliant, resistant to lodging
Mung bean variety.Such as: Ji Lv 0810.
2) preceding preparation is broadcast
Using selection by winnowing, gravity preparation and color sorting, the high seed of the full vigor of big grain is selected and remain, bud rate requires 98% or more, basks seeds
Seed 30ml Gao Qiao, the 40ml close very seed dressing of happy 0.06ml love in due course afterwards, plants medicine ratio 1:60.
3) density is sowed
Timely grab moisture sowing after wheat harvest, sowing date earlier than early July, are planted, line-spacing 40- using line-spacings equal between wheat stubble
50cm (general two rows wheat line-spacing), spacing in the rows 10-15cm, mu strain number require 1.5-2.0 ten thousand, increase by 0.5 ten thousand than tradition plantation.It is single
Grain sowing is using fertilising, sowing, earthing and integrated rotary tillage fertilizer (the Qufu City Long Yu Machinery Co., Ltd. of suppression
LYX-B2), per acre application rate in 1.5kg-2kg, seed level 3-5cm；Thinning, final singling are not needed after planting.
4) it applies fertilizer
For seed manure with broadcasting, time of infertility single-dose application, fertilizer eats miscellaneous beans patent using what Shandong Cotton Research Center developed
120-180 kilograms of fertile (ZL201410729596.9), fertilizer imposes on mung bean in the ranks, away from mung bean row 13-22cm, fertilization depth 3-
6cm。
5) weeding and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
72% all that 100g or 48% drag-line 400ml weedings of mu before after planting emerging, the growth period prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, entirely
Portion uses unmanned plane.
6) it disleave and accelerates the ripening
It falls off to plant lower blade, lower part capsule is intended to split, and seed is in 6-8 days before the intrinsic color of kind, and mu is with spraying
98% glyphosate 200g+0.05% methyl oleate emulsifier 30-50g, is watered unmanned plane and sprays plant upper blade.
7) it harvests
Also fall off when the upper blade of plant, when capsule fine fisssure, seed are in intrinsic color using mung bean harvester (small wheat harvesting
Machine revolving speed is transferred to 500 revs/min and be can be used) harvesting in time.
8) it bakes
After retracting dring yard, dry or using Sanjiu Machinery Co., Ltd., Shanghai's production PRO-300HB foodstuff drying device drying
It is selected using refiner when to 5-10%, storage storage.
2, experimental result
For the present invention compared with existing wheat stubble mung bean implantation methods, artificial investment (expends artificial) such as table 2 including machinery
Shown, benefit accounting is as shown in table 3.
The implantation methods of the present invention of table 2 are compared with the artificial investment of existing wheat stubble mung bean (unit: day)
Note: mechanical 60 yuan/mu of recruitment expense converts the amount of labour used by generation expense；1 work of calculation in artificial 1 day, recruitment expense 70
Member/work.
The implantation methods of the present invention of table 3 (unit: member) compared with mu investment/income of existing wheat stubble mung bean
Remarks: unit price is calculated by raw 8 yuan/kg of mung bean.
To sum up, from table 2-3 it can be seen that comparing current wheat stubble mung bean seeding method, this technology mu saves artificial 8.9
It, volume increase 12%, comprehensive investment reduces 603 yuan, and comprehensive benefit improves 176 yuan.Existing wheat stubble mung bean planting patterns is due to people
Work is costly, deduct it is artificial after actual gain only 294 yuan/mu, and light simplified method of the invention is due to greatling save
Artificial, comprehensive income is up to 1073 yuan/mu.
For this technology on the basis of ensuring grain (wheat) good harvest, mung bean yield is greater than 200 kgs/acre, than current wheat
12% or more stubble mung bean seeding method volume increase, comprehensive investment reduces 70% or more, and comprehensive benefit improves 60% or more.With it is traditional
Pure to compare as mung bean, in the case where the mung bean not underproduction, mu increases income 500 kilograms of wheat or so, and increase production is worth 1000 yuan above.Together
When also solve and pure make mung bean continuous cropping bring pest and disease damage；The application of special medicated fertilizer, 100% reduces the application of chemical pesticide,
52% reduces the application of chemical fertilizer.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of wheat stubble mung bean gently simplifies implantation methods, which comprises the steps of:
1) kind for selecting suitable wheat stubble machine to adopt
Selection is precocious, upright, plant is compact, is longer than 10cm after the long elongation completely of epicotyl, in the concentration that bears pods, mature cracking degree
Deng mung bean variety sensitive to defoliant, resistant to lodging；
2) preceding preparation is broadcast
The seed for selecting 98% or more germination percentage, dresses seed after basking seeds；
3) density is sowed
Timely grab moisture sowing after wheat harvest, sowing date earlier than early July, are planted, line-spacing 40- using line-spacings equal between wheat stubble
50cm, spacing in the rows 10-15cm, monoseeding is using fertilising, sowing, earthing and the integrated rotary tillage fertilizer of suppression, mu
Strain number requires 1.5-2.0 ten thousand, does not need thinning, final singling after planting；
4) it applies fertilizer
Seed manure is with broadcasting, and time of infertility single-dose application, fertilizer imposes on mung bean in the ranks, away from mung bean row 13-22cm, fertilization depth 3-6cm；
5) weeding and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Weeding before after planting emerging, the growth period prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, all using unmanned plane；
6) it disleave and accelerates the ripening
It falls off to plant lower blade, lower part capsule is intended to split, and seed is in 6-8 days before the intrinsic color of kind, and mu is special with mung bean is sprayed
With defoliant, plant upper blade is sprayed on using unmanned plane after being watered；
7) it harvests
It also falls off when the upper blade of plant, capsule fine fisssure, seed are gathered in when intrinsic color using mung bean harvester in time；
8) it bakes
It is selected using refiner when drying or being dried to water content and be down to 5-10% after retracting dring yard, storage storage.
2. implantation methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that mung bean variety described in step 1) is that Ji is green
0810。
3. implantation methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that seed described in step 2) is that the full vigor of big grain is high
Seed.
4. implantation methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the 30-35ml moral Gao Qiao of seed described in step 2),
It dresses seed after the 40-45ml close very mixing of happy 0.05-0.06ml love in due course, pharmacopoeia weight ratio is 1:60.
5. implantation methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that weeding described in step 5) refers to mu with 72% all
Your missible oil 100g or 48% drag-line aqueous solution 400ml sprays weeding.
6. implantation methods according to claim 1-5, which is characterized in that mung bean described in step 6) is dedicated de-
Leaf agent refers to 98% glyphosate and 0.05% methyl oleate emulsifier mass ratio for 4-6:1 mixing.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104186139A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2014-12-10 | 山东棉花研究中心 | Reasonable and efficient planting method for wheat stubble sesame |
| CN105340561A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-02-24 | 山东棉花研究中心 | Cost-saving synergistic good-quality high-yield mung bean cultivation method |
| CN108029461A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-15 | 山东棉花研究中心 | A kind of wheat stubble sesame gently simplifies implantation methods |
-
2018
- 2018-12-24 CN CN201811583507.9A patent/CN109618856A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104186139A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2014-12-10 | 山东棉花研究中心 | Reasonable and efficient planting method for wheat stubble sesame |
| CN105340561A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-02-24 | 山东棉花研究中心 | Cost-saving synergistic good-quality high-yield mung bean cultivation method |
| CN108029461A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-15 | 山东棉花研究中心 | A kind of wheat stubble sesame gently simplifies implantation methods |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 任云峰等: "社旗县麦茬绿豆亩产200kg高产栽培技术", 《农业科技通讯》 * |
| 王彦等: "除草剂对收获期绿豆落叶及种子发芽率的影响", 《河北农业科学》 * |
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