CN108517118A - 一种聚苯胺导电薄膜的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种聚苯胺导电薄膜的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108517118A
CN108517118A CN201810408373.0A CN201810408373A CN108517118A CN 108517118 A CN108517118 A CN 108517118A CN 201810408373 A CN201810408373 A CN 201810408373A CN 108517118 A CN108517118 A CN 108517118A
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顾黎明
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种聚苯胺导电薄膜的制备方法,具体制备步骤如下:1)引发剂水溶液的制备;2)复合硅烷溶液的制备;3)有机改性碳酸钙的制备;4)蜡溶剂的制备;5)聚苯胺溶液的制备;6)改性聚苯胺的制备;7)聚苯胺导电薄膜的制备。本发明在苯胺聚合过程中引入了酸掺杂剂,能够有效的提高聚苯胺成品的导电稳定性,同时加入的叔丁基对二苯酚则能够提高薄膜的贮存稳定性。

Description

一种聚苯胺导电薄膜的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于薄膜制备领域,具体涉及一种聚苯胺导电薄膜的制备方法。
背景技术
在目前已发现的导电高分子中,聚苯胺因其合成简单、价格低廉、电导率可调、环境稳定性好等诸多优点,尤其它在金属腐蚀防护、静电释放、电磁干扰屏蔽等领域有大规模应用的前景,成为研究最为广泛的一类导电高分子材料;然而为了更进一步地提高聚苯胺的导电性能,增大其应用领域,目前往往会将其与导电无机粒子共混,这样虽然可以提高导电性能,但是由于无机粒子与聚苯胺的相容性差,也会造成成品的稳定性差,尤其是做成复合薄膜时,更容易造成薄膜的均匀稳定性不好,导电薄膜的品质降低。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的缺陷和不足,提供一种聚苯胺导电薄膜的制备方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种聚苯胺导电薄膜的制备方法,其制备步骤如下:
(1)取引发剂,加入到其重量25-30倍的去离子水中,搅拌均匀,得引发剂水溶液;
(2)取硅烷偶联剂kh560,加入到其重量10-13倍的无水乙醇中,升高温度为55-60℃,加入十二烷基硫醇,保温搅拌4-20分钟,得复合硅烷溶液;
(3)取硬脂酸,加热熔化,与轻质碳酸钙混合,加入到混合料重量60-70倍的去离子水中,超声5-10分钟,与上述复合硅烷溶液混合,送入到反应釜中,控制反应釜压力为0.9-1mpa,升高温度为90-95℃,保温搅拌1-2小时,出料冷却,离心分离,将沉淀干燥,得有机改性碳酸钙;
(4)取聚四氟乙烯蜡,加入到溶剂中,搅拌均匀,得蜡溶剂;
(5)取叔丁基对二苯酚,加入到其重量7-10倍的氯仿中,搅拌均匀,加入掺杂剂,超声10-20分钟,加入苯胺,搅拌均匀,送入到反应釜中,通入氮气,调节反应釜温度为65-70℃,加入上述引发剂水溶液,保温搅拌4-5小时,出料冷却,得聚苯胺溶液;
(6)取上述有机改性碳酸钙,加入到上述聚苯胺溶液中,搅拌均匀,加入三丁基三氯化锡,在80-90℃下保温搅拌30-40分钟,抽滤,将滤饼水洗,常温干燥,得改性聚苯胺;
(7)上述改性聚苯胺,加入到蜡溶剂中,搅拌均匀,旋涂成膜,即得所述聚苯胺导电薄膜。
优选地,按重量份数计,上述各原料为:
硬脂酸3-4份、苯胺120-140份、引发剂3-5份、十二烷基硫醇1-2份、掺杂剂1-2份、三丁基三氯化锡0.3-0.5份、溶剂170-200份、叔丁基对二苯酚0.8-1份、轻质碳酸钙6-8份、聚四氟乙烯蜡2-3份、硅烷偶联剂kh560 0.7-1份。
所述的掺杂剂选自对甲基苯磺酸或柠檬酸中的一种。
所述的引发剂选自过硫酸铵、过硫酸钾或过硫酸钠中的一种。
所述的溶剂为体积比1:5-7的丙酮与二甲基甲酰胺的混合溶液。
本发明的优点:
本发明首先采用硬脂酸处理轻质碳酸钙,通过硬脂酸的表面吸附作用来改善轻质碳酸钙表面的反应活性,然后与硅烷偶联剂分散处理的乙醇、十二烷基硫醇的共混,通过高温酯化,从而改善了碳酸钙在有机聚合物间的分散相容性,对于提高成品薄膜的力学稳定性起到了很好促进效果。
本发明在苯胺聚合过程中引入了酸掺杂剂,能够有效的提高聚苯胺成品的导电稳定性,同时加入的叔丁基对二苯酚则能够提高薄膜的贮存稳定性,本发明通过在溶剂中加入聚四氟乙烯蜡,可以有效地改善成品薄膜的抗张强度,同时促进各原料间的复合强度。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步地描述。
实施例1
(1)取过硫酸钠,加入到其重量30倍的去离子水中,搅拌均匀,得引发剂水溶液;
(2)取硅烷偶联剂kh560,加入到其重量13倍的无水乙醇中,升高温度为60℃,加入十二烷基硫醇,保温搅拌20分钟,得复合硅烷溶液;
(3)取硬脂酸,加热熔化,与轻质碳酸钙混合,加入到混合料重量70倍的去离子水中,超声10分钟,与上述复合硅烷溶液混合,送入到反应釜中,控制反应釜压力为1mpa,升高温度为95℃,保温搅拌2小时,出料冷却,离心分离,将沉淀干燥,得有机改性碳酸钙;
(4)取聚四氟乙烯蜡,加入到溶剂中,搅拌均匀,得蜡溶剂;
(5)取叔丁基对二苯酚,加入到其重量10倍的氯仿中,搅拌均匀,加入对甲基苯磺酸,超声20分钟,加入苯胺,搅拌均匀,送入到反应釜中,通入氮气,调节反应釜温度为70℃,加入上述过硫酸钠水溶液,保温搅拌5小时,出料冷却,得聚苯胺溶液;
(6)取上述有机改性碳酸钙,加入到上述聚苯胺溶液中,搅拌均匀,加入三丁基三氯化锡,在90℃下保温搅拌40分钟,抽滤,将滤饼水洗,常温干燥,得改性聚苯胺;
(7)上述改性聚苯胺,加入到蜡溶剂中,搅拌均匀,旋涂成膜,即得所述聚苯胺导电薄膜。
其中,上述各原料按重量份数计:硬脂酸4份、苯胺140份、过硫酸钠5份、十二烷基硫醇2份、对甲基苯磺酸2份、三丁基三氯化锡0.5份、溶剂200份、叔丁基对二苯酚1份、轻质碳酸钙8份、聚四氟乙烯蜡3份、硅烷偶联剂kh560 1份。
所述的溶剂为体积比为1:7的丙酮与二甲基甲酰胺的混合溶液。
实施例2
(1)取过硫酸铵,加入到其重量25倍的去离子水中,搅拌均匀,得引发剂水溶液;
(2)取硅烷偶联剂kh560,加入到其重量10倍的无水乙醇中,升高温度为55℃,加入十二烷基硫醇,保温搅拌4分钟,得复合硅烷溶液;
(3)取硬脂酸,加热熔化,与轻质碳酸钙混合,加入到混合料重量60倍的去离子水中,超声5分钟,与上述复合硅烷溶液混合,送入到反应釜中,控制反应釜压力为0.9mpa,升高温度为90℃,保温搅拌1小时,出料冷却,离心分离,将沉淀干燥,得有机改性碳酸钙;
(4)取聚四氟乙烯蜡,加入到溶剂中,搅拌均匀,得蜡溶剂;
(5)取叔丁基对二苯酚,加入到其重量7倍的氯仿中,搅拌均匀,加入柠檬酸,超声10分钟,加入苯胺,搅拌均匀,送入到反应釜中,通入氮气,调节反应釜温度为65℃,加入上述过硫酸铵水溶液,保温搅拌4-5小时,出料冷却,得聚苯胺溶液;
(6)取上述有机改性碳酸钙,加入到上述聚苯胺溶液中,搅拌均匀,加入三丁基三氯化锡,在80℃下保温搅拌30分钟,抽滤,将滤饼水洗,常温干燥,得改性聚苯胺;
(7)上述改性聚苯胺,加入到蜡溶剂中,搅拌均匀,旋涂成膜,即得所述聚苯胺导电薄膜。
其中,上述各原料按重量份数计:硬脂酸3份、苯胺120份、过硫酸铵3份、十二烷基硫醇1份、柠檬酸1份、三丁基三氯化锡0.3份、溶剂170份、叔丁基对二苯酚0.8份、轻质碳酸钙6份、聚四氟乙烯蜡2份、硅烷偶联剂kh560 0.7份。
所述的溶剂为体积比为1:5的丙酮与二甲基甲酰胺的混合溶液。
性能测试:
实施例1的聚苯胺导电薄膜:
厚度1.6mm;
拉伸强度10.2Mpa;
电导率采用四探针法进行测试,结果为 0.80S/cm;
实施例2的聚苯胺导电薄膜:
厚度1.7mm;
拉伸强度11.3Mpa;
电导率采用四探针法进行测试,结果为 0.86S/cm。

Claims (5)

1.一种聚苯胺导电薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于:具体制备步骤如下:
(1)取引发剂,加入到其重量25-30倍的去离子水中,搅拌均匀,得引发剂水溶液;
(2)取硅烷偶联剂kh560,加入到其重量10-13倍的无水乙醇中,升高温度为55-60℃,加入十二烷基硫醇,保温搅拌4-20分钟,得复合硅烷溶液;
(3)取硬脂酸,加热熔化,与轻质碳酸钙混合,加入到混合料重量60-70倍的去离子水中,超声5-10分钟,与上述复合硅烷溶液混合,送入到反应釜中,控制反应釜压力为0.9-1mpa,升高温度为90-95℃,保温搅拌1-2小时,出料冷却,离心分离,将沉淀干燥,得有机改性碳酸钙;
(4)取聚四氟乙烯蜡,加入到溶剂中,搅拌均匀,得蜡溶剂;
(5)取叔丁基对二苯酚,加入到其重量7-10倍的氯仿中,搅拌均匀,加入掺杂剂,超声10-20分钟,加入苯胺,搅拌均匀,送入到反应釜中,通入氮气,调节反应釜温度为65-70℃,加入上述引发剂水溶液,保温搅拌4-5小时,出料冷却,得聚苯胺溶液;
(6)取上述有机改性碳酸钙,加入到上述聚苯胺溶液中,搅拌均匀,加入三丁基三氯化锡,在80-90℃下保温搅拌30-40分钟,抽滤,将滤饼水洗,常温干燥,得改性聚苯胺;
(7)取上述改性聚苯胺,加入到蜡溶剂中,搅拌均匀,旋涂成膜,即得所述聚苯胺导电薄膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种聚苯胺导电薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于:按重量份数计,上述各原料为:硬脂酸3-4份、苯胺120-140份、引发剂3-5份、十二烷基硫醇1-2份、掺杂剂1-2份、三丁基三氯化锡0.3-0.5份、溶剂170-200份、叔丁基对二苯酚0.8-1份、轻质碳酸钙6-8份、聚四氟乙烯蜡2-3份、硅烷偶联剂kh560 0.7-1份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种聚苯胺导电薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的掺杂剂选自对甲基苯磺酸或柠檬酸中的一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种聚苯胺导电薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的引发剂选自过硫酸铵、过硫酸钾或过硫酸钠中的一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种聚苯胺导电薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的溶剂为体积比1:5-7的丙酮与二甲基甲酰胺的混合溶液。
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