CN108496513A - It is a kind of automatically to row radish harvesting apparatus - Google Patents

It is a kind of automatically to row radish harvesting apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108496513A
CN108496513A CN201810208934.2A CN201810208934A CN108496513A CN 108496513 A CN108496513 A CN 108496513A CN 201810208934 A CN201810208934 A CN 201810208934A CN 108496513 A CN108496513 A CN 108496513A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
radish
rack
row
throw
excavating gear
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Application number
CN201810208934.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108496513B (en
Inventor
许令峰
刘强
刘贤喜
冯天涛
李承鹏
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Shandong Agricultural University
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Shandong Agricultural University
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Priority to CN201810208934.2A priority Critical patent/CN108496513B/en
Publication of CN108496513A publication Critical patent/CN108496513A/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D13/00Diggers, e.g. potato ploughs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D33/00Accessories for digging harvesters
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D33/00Accessories for digging harvesters
    • A01D2033/005Yield crop determination mechanisms for root-crop harvesters

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Root Crops (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of automatically to row radish harvesting apparatus, including being equipped with the rack of land wheel, along the width direction arrangement several groups excavating gear of the rack, and promotion regulating device that is affixed with rack and pushing each group excavating gear to be moved along the width direction of rack respectively, the rear of each excavating gear be correspondingly arranged on respectively it is rack-mounted throw device, the front of each excavating gear is correspondingly arranged on rack-mounted radish detection device respectively.The present invention uses the detection control apparatus of mechanical electronic hydraulic fusion, realizes the adaptive to row of root tuber excavating gear, the harvest damage for improving operation quality, reducing radish;Using cutaway disk formula digger blade, hack ability is improved, efficiently separating for radish root tuber and soil is realized, reduces excavating resistance and power consumption;Wheel rotation is thrown using land wheel drive, guarantee throws speed and gait of march is proportional, and radish damage and transmission is avoided to block.

Description

It is a kind of automatically to row radish harvesting apparatus
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural machinery technological field more particularly to a kind of radish harvesting apparatus, specially a kind of automatic right Row radish harvesting apparatus.
Background technology
Radish is the important industrial crops in China, and long-term cultivated area accounts for 40% of the world or more.Country's harvest machinery at present Change degree is relatively low, and combined harvester becomes the hot spot developed since work efficiency is high.
Research of the China in terms of radish harvest machinery is started late.In recent years, the mechanized harvest of radish was only by existing There are agricultural machinery and implement to loosen the soil in radish side, then manually choose, finally carries out cutting cherry processing pack.There are works for the harvesting approach Sequence is more, high energy consumption, the problems such as amount of labour is big and economic cost is high, the requirement of the existing radish large-scale planting in China cannot be met.Though So some areas have started with other harvester for rhizome crops and have carried out semi-automatic harvest to radish, improve harvest speed, But since operating mode and radish are there are bigger difference, occur the situations such as leakage is picked up, accidentally picked up, root tuber is damaged during harvest, may be used also It can lead to machine jams, cause mechanical disorder, directly influence the efficiency of crop of harvester.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of automatically to row radish harvesting apparatus, can automatically to row, and And avoid the situations such as leakage is picked up, accidentally picked up, root tuber is damaged.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, provides a kind of automatically to row radish harvesting apparatus, including is equipped with The rack of land wheel arranges several groups excavating gear along the width direction of the rack, and affixed with the rack and push away respectively The promotion regulating device that dynamic each group excavating gear is moved along the width direction of rack, the rear of each excavating gear is correspondingly arranged respectively Have it is rack-mounted throw device, the front of each excavating gear is correspondingly arranged on rack-mounted radish detection respectively Device.
This prioritization scheme is loosened the soil around radish by excavating gear, using throwing device by the radish of loosening backward It pulls over, is correspondingly arranged respectively at the rear of each excavating gear and throws device, make to throw device and excavating gear one-to-one correspondence, avoid Leakage is picked up and is accidentally picked up, and when radish detection device detects the pressure of radish, signal is passed to promotion regulating device, pushes and adjusts dress It sets and corresponding excavating gear is pushed to be moved along rack width direction, realize automatically to row, make radish and excavating gear face.
As an optimization, the radish detection device include the pedestal and one end affixed with rack with the pedestal it is affixed, The other end is towards side where radish and is connected with the spring of gauge finder, and the gauge finder is the arc plate convex surface facing side where radish, The side that the spring is connected on the pedestal is equipped with pressure sensor.During machine frame movement, if this optimization side The gauge finder of case is squeezed by radish, and then by spring-compressed, and gauge finder is pressed on pressure sensor, the letter of pressure sensor Promotion regulating device number is reached, regulating device action is pushed, the position adjustment of corresponding excavating gear is realized, reaches automatically to row Purpose.
Preferably, the promotion regulating device is the hydraulic stem with controller, the shell and rack of the hydraulic stem Affixed, the body of rod of hydraulic stem is connect with excavating gear.The promotion regulating device of this preferred embodiment receives radish detection by controller The signal of device, and the action of the body of rod is controlled, simple in structure, operation and maintenance is at low cost.
As an optimization, the excavating gear includes the holder slipped with rack, and at left and right sides of the holder and The cutaway disk digger blade that two connect with the support shaft are obliquely installed, two cutaway disk digger blades form suitable for reading Aperture is more than lower mouth aperture, and the aperture of front opening is more than the aperture of open rearward end.Two non-parallel settings in this prioritization scheme Cutaway disk digger blade generate friction with soil when rack is advanced and rotated, and radish will be contained in rotation process The upturned soil cutting of root tuber ravels so that part soil ravels, side leakage, and radish root tuber is carried with the rolling of cutaway disk digger blade It rises.
Preferably, the cutaway disk digger blade includes the inner disc being connect with the holder by bearing, and pass through Several radiant panels and the affixed external disk of the inner disc, the circle spacing along the external disk are equipped with several teeth.The notch of this programme Disk digger blade sound construction, using teeth is spaced apart, each teeth generates certain impact force when being contacted with soil, makes cutting It is more preferable with the effect that ravels, it realizes efficiently separating for radish root tuber and soil, reduces power consumption.
As an optimization, described to throw mounting bracket that device includes affixed with the rack, be threaded through on the mounting bracket Horizontal long shaft, and the wheel that throws that is fixed on the horizontal long shaft, the circumferential surface for throwing wheel, which is installed with, throws disc, described The wheel axis connection that horizontal long shaft passes through transmission belt and the land wheel.In equipment in use, land wheel drives horizontally long shaft rotation by transmission belt It is dynamic, throw to drive to throw wheel and carry out rotation, stirred radish backward using disc is thrown, the setting of transmission belt make land wheel with The rotation for throwing wheel is proportional, agrees with the radish planting spacing in the rows of each planting site, reduces radish root tuber damage ratio, prevents from transmitting It blocks, improves efficiency of crop.
As an optimization, described to throw throwing for disc and be installed with rubber slab on face, it throws disc and throws also solid between wheel Equipped with reinforcing rib.It by the way that rubber slab is arranged, avoids throwing disc and directly contact with radish and damage radish, carried by setting reinforcing rib High structural strength can complete radish and throw work together with soil.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, using the detection control apparatus of machine-electric-liquid fusion, the adaptive to row of root tuber excavating gear is realized, work is improved Industry quality, the harvest damage for reducing radish;
2, using cutaway disk formula digger blade, hack ability is improved, efficiently separating for radish root tuber and soil is realized, reduces and dig Pick amount, reduces excavating resistance and power consumption;
3, wheel rotation is thrown using land wheel drive, guarantee throws speed and gait of march is proportional, avoids radish damage and transmission stifled Plug;
4, at low cost, easy to operate, strong applicability.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention;
Fig. 2 is radish structure of the detecting device schematic diagram in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is excavating gear structural schematic diagram in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is to throw apparatus structure schematic diagram in the present invention;
As shown in the figure:
1, three-link hitch, 2, excavating gear, 201, cutaway disk digger blade, 202, holder, 3, push regulating device, 4, throw Send device, 401, throw wheel, 402, mounting bracket, 403, rubber slab, 404, horizontal long shaft, 405, reinforcing rib, 406, throw disc, 5, Rack, 6, radish detection device, 601, pedestal, 602, pressure sensor, 603, spring, 604, gauge finder, 7, land wheel.
Specific implementation mode
In order to clarify the technical characteristics of the invention, below by specific implementation mode, this programme is illustrated.
It is a kind of automatically to row radish harvesting apparatus as shown in Figure 1, including the rack 5 of land wheel 7 is installed, along the rack 5 Width direction arranges several groups excavating gear 2, and affixed with the rack 5 and push each group excavating gear 2 along rack respectively Width direction movement promotion regulating device 3,5 front end of rack is provided with three-link hitch 1, and passes through three-link hitch Connect with tow tractor, the rear of each excavating gear 2 be correspondingly arranged on respectively it is rack-mounted throw device 4, it is each to dig The front of pick device 2 is correspondingly arranged on respectively in rack 5 and the radish being electrically connected with the promotion regulating device detects dress Set 6.To ensure that the harmony of better complete machine, the present embodiment are mounted on the back upper place position of excavating gear by device is thrown.
Radish detection device 6 includes the pedestal 601 and one end affixed with rack 5 and the pedestal 601 is affixed, the other end Side where towards radish and the spring 603 for being connected with gauge finder 604, the gauge finder 604 are the arc convex surface facing side where radish Plate, the side that the spring 603 is connected on the pedestal 601 are equipped with pressure sensor 602, reliable to ensure to use Property, spring is two pieces, is located at the both sides of pressure sensor.
Promotion regulating device 3 is the hydraulic stem with controller, and the shell and rack 5 of the hydraulic stem are affixed, hydraulic stem The body of rod connect with excavating gear 2.
Excavating gear 2 includes the holder 202 slipped with rack 5, and at left and right sides of the holder and with the branch Two cutaway disk digger blades 201 being obliquely installed that frame axis connects, suitable for reading the opening of two formation of cutaway disk digger blades 201 Degree is more than lower mouth aperture, and the aperture of front opening is more than the aperture of open rearward end.The upper end of holder 202 is T-type, in housiung separator On offer and extend in the width direction and the sliding slot that be adapted to pedestal upper end T-type, be additionally provided with roller in sliding slot, can be more quick Realization in real time to row.
Cutaway disk digger blade 201 in the present embodiment includes the inner disc being connect with the holder by bearing, Yi Jitong Several radiant panels and the affixed external disk of the inner disc are crossed, the circle spacing along the external disk is equipped with several teeth.
Throw the mounting bracket 402 that device 4 includes affixed with the rack 5, the horizontal long shaft being threaded through on the mounting bracket 402 404, and be fixed on the horizontal long shaft 404 and throw wheel 401, the circumferential surface for throwing wheel 401, which is installed with, throws spoke Plate 406, the wheel axis connection that the horizontal long shaft passes through transmission belt and the land wheel.In order to simplify structure, the throwing in device is respectively thrown Wheel is sent to be mounted on same root horizontal long shaft, and the horizontal long shaft is square shaft.
Throw disc 406 throws the rubber slab 403 that thick 6mm is installed on face, throw disc and throw wheel between it is also solid Equipped with reinforcing rib 405.The rotating speed for throwing wheel affects the speed of distance and whereabouts that radish root tuber is thrown.When throwing rotation speeds When excessively high, the disturbance of radish damage ratio and carrier chain can increase;When turning to spend low, radish is thrown not in time, it may appear that block, influence Working effect.
In use, tractor pulls the present apparatus to advance by trifilar suspension, land wheel and cutaway disk digger blade with soil The friction force effect of earth issues raw rolling, and the rolling of cutaway disk digger blade will cut containing the upturned soil of radish root tuber, ravel, makes Part soil ravel, side leakage, radish root tuber is elevated with the rolling of cutaway disk digger blade.Land wheel rolls through transmission Band is transmitted to horizontal long shaft, throws wheel rotation to drive, throws disc and radish is pulled over backward to transfer separation device.It was harvesting Cheng Zhong touches radish side by gauge finder and is computed according to the size for the power that gauge finder both sides are subject to and is converted into signal, then will Signal is transferred to the controller of hydraulic stem, carries out fine position by hydraulic stem control cutaway disk formula digger blade, is not damaged with ensureing Bad radish root tuber, while laying the foundation for accurate pickup radish.Radish completely by gauge finder after, by spring by the position of gauge finder It restores, the signal of pressure sensor is eliminated, and is measured so as to the position of next radish.
Performance advantage of the present invention is notable, is embodied as:1, at low cost, easy to operate, strong applicability.2, using machine- The detection control apparatus of electric-liquid fusion, realizes the adaptive to row of root tuber excavating gear, improves operation quality, reduces The harvest of radish is damaged.3, using cutaway disk formula digger blade, hack ability is improved, realize radish root tuber and soil effective point From.4, excavation amount is reduced, excavating resistance and power consumption are reduced.5, throw device former by be arranged flexible material rubber slab, it is excellent Change planform and kinematic parameter, reduces the damage in radish watering and separation procedure.It is rotated 6. throwing disk and being driven by land wheel, ensures to throw It send speed and gait of march proportional, avoids radish from damaging and transmit and block.
Certainly, above description is also not limited to the example above, technical characteristic of the present invention without description can by or It is realized using the prior art, details are not described herein;Above example and attached drawing are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention not It is limitation of the present invention, is described the invention in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, the ordinary skill people of this field Member is it should be appreciated that variation, remodeling, the addition that those skilled in the art are made in the essential scope of the present invention Or replace the claims that should also belong to the present invention without departure from spirit of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of automatically to row radish harvesting apparatus, it is characterised in that:Including being equipped with land wheel(7)Rack(5), along the machine Frame(5)Width direction arrange several groups excavating gear(2), and with the rack(5)Affixed and promotion each group excavation respectively Device(2)The promotion regulating device moved along the width direction of rack(3), each excavating gear(2)Rear be correspondingly arranged respectively Have and rack-mounted throws device(4), each excavating gear(2)Front be correspondingly arranged on respectively mounted on rack(5)On And the radish detection device being electrically connected with the promotion regulating device(6).
2. according to claim 1 a kind of automatically to row radish harvesting apparatus, it is characterised in that:The radish detection device (6)Including with rack(5)Affixed pedestal(601)And one end and the pedestal(601)Where the affixed, other end towards radish Side and it is connected with gauge finder(604)Spring(603), the gauge finder(604)For convex surface facing the arc plate of side where radish, institute State pedestal(601)On be connected with the spring(603)Side pressure sensor is installed(602).
3. according to claim 1 or 2 a kind of automatically to row radish harvesting apparatus, it is characterised in that:The promotion adjusts dress It sets(3)For the hydraulic stem with controller, the shell and rack of the hydraulic stem(5)Affixed, the body of rod and the excavation of hydraulic stem fill It sets(2)Connection.
4. according to claim 1 a kind of automatically to row radish harvesting apparatus, it is characterised in that:The excavating gear(2)Packet It includes and rack(5)Sliding holder(202), and at left and right sides of the holder and two inclinations being connect with the support shaft The cutaway disk digger blade of setting(201), two cutaway disk digger blades(201)The aperture suitable for reading formed is opened more than lower mouth Degree, the aperture of front opening are more than the aperture of open rearward end.
5. according to claim 4 a kind of automatically to row radish harvesting apparatus, it is characterised in that:The cutaway disk excavates Shovel(201)Include the inner disc being connect with the holder by bearing, and passes through affixed outer of several radiant panels and the inner disc Disk, the circle spacing along the external disk are equipped with several teeth.
6. according to claim 1 a kind of automatically to row radish harvesting apparatus, it is characterised in that:It is described to throw device(4)Packet It includes and the rack(5)Affixed mounting bracket(402), be threaded through the mounting bracket(402)On horizontal long shaft(404), Yi Jigu It is scheduled on the horizontal long shaft(404)On throw wheel(401), described to throw wheel(401)Circumferential surface be installed with and throw disc (406), wheel axis connection that the horizontal long shaft passes through transmission belt and the land wheel.
7. according to claim 6 a kind of automatically to row radish harvesting apparatus, it is characterised in that:It is described to throw disc(406) Throw and be installed with rubber slab on face(403), throw disc and throw wheel between be fixedly provided with reinforcing rib(405).
CN201810208934.2A 2018-03-14 2018-03-14 Automatic alignment radish harvesting device Active CN108496513B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN108496513A true CN108496513A (en) 2018-09-07
CN108496513B CN108496513B (en) 2023-09-22

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Citations (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1515505A (en) * 1975-08-04 1978-06-28 Dyson C Root crop harvesters with feelers
EP0102016A1 (en) * 1982-08-12 1984-03-07 Wilhelm Stoll Maschinenfabrik GmbH Machine for harvesting several rows of beets, preferably to be hitched on a tractor and pushed by it
DE4108210A1 (en) * 1991-03-14 1992-09-17 Fritz Guettler Drill coulter which removes obstacles in its path - automatically retains its position and formation, and is composed of drills attached to spiral spring mounted on cross bar
CN1252929A (en) * 1998-10-23 2000-05-17 迪尔公司 Row detector for harvester
CN100998277A (en) * 2006-12-05 2007-07-18 中国农业大学 Stalks guiding probe of tractor
CN102668798A (en) * 2012-05-09 2012-09-19 中国农业大学 Beet digger
CN102763519A (en) * 2012-07-18 2012-11-07 上海大学 Automatic line aligning system of modular bus-type intelligent cotton picker
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CN102860168A (en) * 2012-09-26 2013-01-09 中国农业大学 Combine harvester of beet
CN105035164A (en) * 2015-06-29 2015-11-11 吉林大学 Automatic row controlling device for ridge tillage fields
CN105230218A (en) * 2015-11-18 2016-01-13 广西大学 Automatic row alignment device of root-tuber crop harvesting machine
CN205093158U (en) * 2015-09-29 2016-03-23 青岛农业大学 Harvesting apparatus is twistd reverse to shallot that layering was excavated
CN206100846U (en) * 2016-10-12 2017-04-19 深圳市永丰生态环境有限公司 Processing apparatus is used in environmental protection of ecological agriculture fertilizer
CN206274756U (en) * 2016-12-23 2017-06-27 滁州学院 A kind of peanut combine is automatically adjusted to be put to luggage
CN107046912A (en) * 2017-03-30 2017-08-18 青岛农业大学 Root-tuber crop harvester
CN107241959A (en) * 2017-06-30 2017-10-13 山东省农业机械科学研究院 Picker for tuber crops
CN107278479A (en) * 2017-06-30 2017-10-24 山东省农业机械科学研究院 Picker for tuber crops automatic aligning device
CN206895218U (en) * 2017-03-30 2018-01-19 青岛农业大学 Roll harvesting apparatus
CN207948142U (en) * 2018-03-14 2018-10-12 山东农业大学 Automatically to capable radish excavating gear

Patent Citations (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1515505A (en) * 1975-08-04 1978-06-28 Dyson C Root crop harvesters with feelers
EP0102016A1 (en) * 1982-08-12 1984-03-07 Wilhelm Stoll Maschinenfabrik GmbH Machine for harvesting several rows of beets, preferably to be hitched on a tractor and pushed by it
DE4108210A1 (en) * 1991-03-14 1992-09-17 Fritz Guettler Drill coulter which removes obstacles in its path - automatically retains its position and formation, and is composed of drills attached to spiral spring mounted on cross bar
CN1252929A (en) * 1998-10-23 2000-05-17 迪尔公司 Row detector for harvester
CN100998277A (en) * 2006-12-05 2007-07-18 中国农业大学 Stalks guiding probe of tractor
CN102668798A (en) * 2012-05-09 2012-09-19 中国农业大学 Beet digger
CN202603209U (en) * 2012-06-19 2012-12-19 中机美诺科技股份有限公司 Pull-type twin-row potato harvester
CN102763519A (en) * 2012-07-18 2012-11-07 上海大学 Automatic line aligning system of modular bus-type intelligent cotton picker
CN102860168A (en) * 2012-09-26 2013-01-09 中国农业大学 Combine harvester of beet
CN105035164A (en) * 2015-06-29 2015-11-11 吉林大学 Automatic row controlling device for ridge tillage fields
CN205093158U (en) * 2015-09-29 2016-03-23 青岛农业大学 Harvesting apparatus is twistd reverse to shallot that layering was excavated
CN105230218A (en) * 2015-11-18 2016-01-13 广西大学 Automatic row alignment device of root-tuber crop harvesting machine
CN206100846U (en) * 2016-10-12 2017-04-19 深圳市永丰生态环境有限公司 Processing apparatus is used in environmental protection of ecological agriculture fertilizer
CN206274756U (en) * 2016-12-23 2017-06-27 滁州学院 A kind of peanut combine is automatically adjusted to be put to luggage
CN107046912A (en) * 2017-03-30 2017-08-18 青岛农业大学 Root-tuber crop harvester
CN206895218U (en) * 2017-03-30 2018-01-19 青岛农业大学 Roll harvesting apparatus
CN107241959A (en) * 2017-06-30 2017-10-13 山东省农业机械科学研究院 Picker for tuber crops
CN107278479A (en) * 2017-06-30 2017-10-24 山东省农业机械科学研究院 Picker for tuber crops automatic aligning device
CN207948142U (en) * 2018-03-14 2018-10-12 山东农业大学 Automatically to capable radish excavating gear

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