CN105230218A - Automatic row alignment device of root-tuber crop harvesting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic paralleling device for harvesting rhizome crops, which includes a tractor, a paralleling mechanism, an excavating mechanism, a ground wheel, a traction mechanism, a piston rod, an oil pump and a frame. The shaped cylinder is bumped by the root crown to move upward along the support frame, and the upward movement of the wedge makes the two-position two-way manual reversing valve change direction. Due to the change of the oil circuit, the piston rod is forced to move, and the frame rotates around the traction mechanism, that is, The traveling mechanism and the excavating mechanism move together. During the moving process of the traveling mechanism, the action of the spring and the 2-position 2-way manual reversing valve ensures that the piston rod no longer moves and the frame does not rotate around the traction mechanism, that is, the traveling mechanism The mechanism and the excavating mechanism no longer move, and the operation of the line is completed. The invention can be applied to the harvesting machinery of the root crops, reduces the situations of missed digging and digging damage of the crops, and improves the harvest rate of the crops.

Description

An automatic rowing device for harvesting machinery of rhizome crops

【Technical field】

The invention relates to a rowing device, in particular to an automatic rowing device for a rhizome crop harvesting machine.

【Background technique】

my country is a large agricultural country, and root crops such as potatoes, sugar beets, and carrots are important economic crops in my country. Its planting area, total output, and export volume all rank first in the world, and it is one of the important economic sources of our country. However, the degree of mechanization of tuber crop harvesters is seriously lagging behind, especially in the planting and harvesting links. The amount of labor accounts for more than 2/3 of the whole production process, and the operating cost accounts for about 70% of the total production cost. For a long time, due to the constraints of various factors, farmers have been using manual and semi-mechanical harvesting methods for harvesting such crops. The labor intensity is high, the efficiency is low, and the loss is large, which is far behind the requirements of modern agriculture.

Harvesting is an important part of the agricultural production process. It has heavy tasks, tight time, high labor intensity, takes up a lot of farming hours, and has low manual operation efficiency. It is not only related to the quality of agricultural products, but also related to autumn plowing, autumn and winter irrigation, and the growth of subsequent crops. It is to ensure crop production and income. A key link that affects the development of the crop planting industry. The development of harvesting machinery is of great significance for liberating rural labor force, improving production efficiency and developing rural economy. Realizing mechanized harvesting is an important means of realizing modern agricultural production and an important guarantee for realizing large-scale, specialized and commercial production. Judging from the current research, the digging and harvesting machines independently developed by developed countries in foreign countries are mainly large-scale, and most of them are combined harvesting machines. my country's tuber harvesting machinery is in the development period, most of which are imitation or simple technical improvement of machinery imported from abroad, with relatively few new technology theories, and the technical level is far lower than that of developed countries. The existing tuber mechanized harvesting equipment is still based on the development and promotion of small and medium-sized potato and peanut excavators, and there are problems such as low technical level, single structure, poor adaptability, and poor quality, which make the harvesting machinery and devices effective. Insufficient supply. The research on the parallel device of the harvesting machine is still basically in the stage of trial production and testing, and the research on new structures and new theories is relatively small, which affects the improvement and development of harvesting machines. Exploring new automatic alignment devices to realize automatic alignment of excavation and harvesting is one of the difficult problems in the current design. Therefore, the exploration and development of automatic parallel equipment for harvesting machines is of great significance to speed up product upgrading, realize mechanized production, and solve the current structural shortage of rural labor resources in my country.

【Content of invention】

In view of the above, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a mechanical and hydraulic combined automatic alignment device, which has a reasonable structure and is easy to operate.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of automatic parallel device for harvesting rhizome crops, comprising a tractor, a parallel mechanism, an excavating mechanism, a ground wheel, a traction mechanism, a piston rod, an oil pump, and a frame. It is: the opposite mechanism includes a fixed frame, a support frame, an upper fixed seat, a spring, a lower fixed seat, a wedge, a lower bolt, a round rod, a two-position two-way manual reversing valve, an upper bolt, a straight rod, and a profiling cylinder and a round pin, the middle part of the support frame is provided with a circular through hole, the fixed frame and the upper fixed seat are fixedly connected with the support frame through the circular through hole, a round bar is arranged between the upper fixed seat and the lower fixed seat, and the upper fixed seat, The lower fixing seat is fixedly connected with the round bar, the spring is installed on the outer surface of the round bar, the other end of the lower fixing seat is connected with one end of the straight bar, the other end of the straight bar is connected with the profiling cylinder through a hinge and connected with the straight bar through an upper bolt One end of the traction mechanism is connected with the tractor through a hinge, the other end is connected with the frame through a hinge, one end of the piston rod is connected with the frame through a hinge, the other end of the piston rod is connected with the traction mechanism through a hinge, and the oil pump is fixed on At the front of the frame, the excavating mechanism is fixed in the middle of the bottom of the frame; at the same time, the ground wheels are connected to the rear side of the bottom of the frame.

The wedge is installed at the upper 2/3 position of the straight bar.

The oil pump is connected with the piston rod through the oil pipe through the two-position two-way manual reversing valve.

There are two pairs of traveling mechanisms, and the two pairs of traveling mechanisms are placed in parallel.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. It can be applied to the harvesting machinery of root crops, providing it with the function of harvesting in rows;

2. It can reduce the situation of missed digging and digging of crops, improve the harvest rate of crops, and create higher economic benefits;

3. Realize the crossover of agricultural machinery and agronomy and other disciplines, complete the structural innovation of the row-to-row device, and solve the technical bottleneck of row-to-row harvesting of root crops to a certain extent;

4. Improve the accuracy and response sensitivity of the rowing device, and improve the automation of crop harvesting.

【Description of drawings】

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the alignment mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of the parallel mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the parallel mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a front view of an automatic parallel device for harvesting rhizome crops according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a top view of an automatic parallel device for harvesting rhizome crops according to the present invention.

Description of main component symbols

Fixture 1 support frame 2 upper mount 3

spring 4 Lower fixing seat 5 Wedge 6 Lower Bolt 7 round rod 8 Two-position two-way manual reversing valve 9 upper bolt 10 Straight 11 Profiled cylinder 12 round pin 13 Tractor 14 oil pump 15 Counterpart 16 Excavation mechanism 17 Earth Wheel 18 Traction mechanism 19 Piston rod 20 Rack 21 Circular through hole 201

The following specific embodiments will further illustrate the present invention in conjunction with the above-mentioned drawings.

【detailed description】

The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Please refer to Fig. 1, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a kind of rhizome crops harvesting machinery automatic rowing device comprises tractor 14, rowing mechanism 16, digging mechanism 17, ground wheel 18, traction mechanism 19, piston rod 20. Oil pump 15 and frame 21.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, the parallel mechanism 16 includes a fixed frame 1, a support frame 2, an upper fixed seat 3, a spring 4, a lower fixed seat 5, a wedge 6, a lower bolt 7, a round rod 8. Two-position two-way manual reversing valve 9, upper bolt 10, straight rod 11, profiling cylinder 12 and round pin 13, a circular through hole 201 is provided in the middle of the support frame 2, a fixed frame 1 and an upper fixed seat 3 The round through hole 201 is fixedly connected with the support frame 2, a round rod 8 is arranged between the upper holder 3 and the lower holder 5, and the upper holder 3, the lower holder 5 and the round rod 8 are fixedly connected, and the spring 4 is installed On the outer surface of the round rod 8, the other end of the lower fixing seat 5 is connected with one end of the straight rod 11, and the other end of the straight rod 11 is connected with the profiling cylinder 12 through a hinge, and the wedge 6 is installed on the upper 2/3 of the straight rod 11. position, and connected with the straight rod 11 through the upper bolt 10 and the lower bolt 7.

As shown in Figures 4 and 5, one end of the traction mechanism 19 is connected to the tractor 14 by a hinge, the other end is connected to the frame 21 by a hinge, one end of the piston rod 20 is connected to the frame 21 by a hinge, and the other end of the piston rod 20 is connected to the frame 21 The traction mechanism 19 is connected by a hinge, the oil pump 15 is fixed on the front position of the frame 21, the digging mechanism 17 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the frame 21, and meanwhile, the ground wheel 18 is linked with the rear side of the bottom of the frame 21.

The oil pump 15 is connected to the piston rod 20 through the two-position two-way manual reversing valve 9 through the oil pipe.

The automatic parallel device for harvesting rhizome crops consists of two parallel mechanisms 16 placed in parallel.

The wedge is installed at the upper 2/3 position of the straight bar.

The working principle of a rhizome crop harvesting machine in the present invention is as follows: the tractor 14 pulls the frame 21 to move forward. 2 moves upward, and the wedge 6 moves upward to make the two-position two-way manual reversing valve 9 change direction. Due to the change of the oil circuit, the piston rod 20 is forced to move, and the frame 21 rotates around the traction mechanism 19, that is, the traveling mechanism 16 and the excavating mechanism 17 moves together, during the moving process of the traveling mechanism 16, its lifting displacement is reduced under the action of the spring 4, and then the two-position two-way manual reversing valve 9 is in the neutral function, ensuring that the piston rod 20 no longer moves, and the frame 21 Rotate around the traction mechanism 19 no longer takes place, that is, the pairing mechanism 16 and the excavating mechanism 17 no longer move, and complete the pairing operation.

The above description is a detailed description of the preferred feasible embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not used to limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications completed under the technical spirit suggested by the present invention shall belong to The scope of patents covered by the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a harvester for rhizome crops tool is put luggage automatically, comprise tractor, to row mechanism, digging mechanism, land wheel, haulage gear, piston rod, oil pump, frame, it is characterized in that: to row, mechanism comprises fixed mount, bracing frame, upper fixed seat, spring, lower fixed seat, voussoir, lower bolt, round bar, bi-bit bi-pass hand-operated direction valve, upper bolt, straight-bar, profiling cylinder and round pin, manhole is provided with in the middle part of bracing frame, fixed mount is fixedly connected with bracing frame by manhole with upper fixed seat, round bar is provided with between upper fixed seat and lower fixed seat, and upper fixed seat, lower fixed seat is fixedly connected with round bar, spring fitting is on round bar outer surface, the lower fixed seat other end and straight-bar one end link together, the straight-bar other end to be connected with profiling cylinder by hinge and to be connected by upper bolt and lower bolt with straight-bar, one end of described haulage gear is connected with tractor by hinge, the other end is connected with frame by hinge, piston rod one end and frame are connected through the hinge, the piston rod other end and haulage gear are connected through the hinge, oil pump is fixed on frame front position, affixed in the middle of bottom digging mechanism and frame, meanwhile, bottom land wheel and frame, rear side links.

2. a kind of harvester for rhizome crops tool according to claim 1 is put luggage automatically, it is characterized in that: voussoir is arranged on position, straight-bar top 2/3.

3. a kind of harvester for rhizome crops tool according to claim 1 is put luggage automatically, it is characterized in that: described oil pump is connected with piston rod through bi-bit bi-pass hand-operated direction valve by oil pipe.

4. a kind of harvester for rhizome crops tool according to claim 1 is put luggage automatically, it is characterized in that: described have two to row mechanism, and two place the parallel connection of row mechanism.