JP2002360026A - Automatic ridge-adjusting apparatus in root vegetable- harvesting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for adjusting a harvesting port of a root vegetable-harvesting machine automatically to a ridge. SOLUTION: A front body 28 on which a protruding trigger 29 is placed is fixed on a machine body 1 at an upper front position of a harvesting port 6 via a holding body 25. A rear body 31 is placed behind the front body 28 in a vertically freely movable manner via parallel link plates 32, 33, 34, 35. Above the top face of the rear body 31, an upper proximity switch 37 for digging and a lower proximity switch 38 for digging are placed above and below the protruding trigger 29, respectively. A turning trigger 48 is placed in such a manner that it protrudes obliquely upward from a laterally swinging body 39 placed behind the rear body 31. On one side of the rear body 31, an upper proximity switch 44 for oscillation and a lower proximity switch 45 for oscillation are placed above and below the front end of the turning trigger 48, respectively, on the turning loci of the front end of the turning trigger 48. A left and a right sled-shaped contact 58, 59 which are placed on both the lower ends of the laterally swinging body 39 at the same heights and protrude downward, are set in a reversely truncated chevron shape toward the progressing direction.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for automatically aligning root crops such as beets and potatoes with ridges and maintaining a digging depth, and more particularly to an apparatus for automatically aligning ridges with roots.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a root vegetable harvesting machine as shown in FIG. 1 has been used for harvesting beets and potatoes. In this root vegetable harvesting machine, a hydraulic cylinder (hereinafter, referred to as a swing cylinder) performs left and right turning movement of a hitch bar protruding from a front portion of the fuselage, and a hydraulic cylinder (hereinafter, referred to as a digging cylinder) moves up and down. The hitch bar is connected to the rear hitch of the tractor, and is advanced along the ridge while being towed by the tractor and harvested. This type of root vegetable harvester is also known in Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-3241.

Further, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 8-815 has been disclosed as a ridge copying sensor for agricultural working machines. A technique for automatically adjusting the ridge width by using a photoelectric switch in a transplanting machine is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-1264.
No. 06 is disclosed. On the other hand, there is known a beet harvester made in Europe in which only a digging part provided beside a towing machine is automatically ridged by a ridge alignment sensor.

[0004]

Problems to be Solved by the Invention
The ridge scanning sensor disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 15 is intended for ridges of paddy fields, and is not suitable for ridges of beets and potatoes like a root cropper. JP-A-63-1 using a photoelectric switch
No. 26406 discloses that when a photoelectric switch provided at an appropriate position of the transplanter detects a change in the position of the transplanter, the solenoid valve is operated, oil is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder is operated to set the advance position of the transplanter. It adjusts and automatically aligns the ridges. The present invention utilizes the fact that the photoelectric switch is turned on when the reflectance of a beat whose head is on the ground is higher than that of soil. Therefore, it cannot be applied to a root cropper for harvesting underground crops. Also,
The beet harvester in Europe is one in which only the excavated portion is ridged, and is different from the one in which the whole root crop harvester of FIG. 1 is ridged.

[0005] In the root cropper shown in FIG.
The operator of the tractor operates the solenoid valve with the control box and sends hydraulic pressure from the tractor to the swing cylinder and the digging cylinder. Recently, the excavation of beats has been accelerated up to 10 km / h,
The above-mentioned ridge alignment is a work in which the operator turns back, and there is a problem that it requires a lot of labor and causes fatigue. The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a ridge aligning apparatus that can automatically cause a root cropping machine to follow a ridge in order to solve the above problems.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a change in the vertical and horizontal positions of a root vegetable harvester is detected by a contact, and a protruding trigger, a turning trigger, and a parallel link plate approaching or contacting the contact are used. It is based on the technology of stabilizing an electric signal generated by a proximity switch or a limit switch by an electric timer, operating a solenoid valve for sending hydraulic pressure to a swing cylinder and a digging cylinder, and automatically aligning a root cropper with a root cropper.

That is, in a root vegetable harvesting machine in which a digging hole is fixedly provided at a lower central portion of a front portion of a fuselage, and a hitch bar protruding from the front portion of the fuselage is raised and lowered by hydraulic pressure and swiveled right and left to align the ridges. A front body attached above and in front of the body, a rear body connected to the rear of the front body by a parallel link plate so as to be able to move up and down, and a dug disposed along the forward direction above the rear body. Upper and lower proximity switches for picking up, a left and right rocking body suspended from the rear body so as to be swingable around a forward direction, a turning trigger protruding from one side of the left and right rocking body, and the rear body Upper and lower proximity switches for swinging facing the turning trigger turning surface are disposed above and below the turning trigger tip on one side.

The right and left rocking members are attached to both lower end portions, respectively, are formed at the same height downward, are opposed to each other in an inverted C-shape in the forward direction, and are provided with left and right sled-shaped contacts disposed in front of the excavation opening. And a projecting trigger provided on a front body with its tip located at an intermediate portion between the upper and lower proximity switches for excavation when the left and right sled-shaped contacts are grounded; The proximity switch and the timer are connected to an electric circuit that operates a solenoid valve that supplies a hydraulic pressure for raising and lowering and turning left and right, thereby configuring an automatic rowing device in a root vegetable harvesting machine.

It is preferable that the projecting contact trigger and the turning trigger be a vertically symmetric trapezoidal plate having a short side at the distal end and a long side at the base side, and attached so as to be extendable and retractable.

[0010] The present invention also provides an inverted L-shaped swinging cooperating rod erected along the front-rear direction at the center of the upper surface of the left-right swinging body, and one side from the rear body in front of the left-right swinging body. A rocker suspension return piece having a base end rotatably mounted on a horizontal bracket protruding from the rocker and an intermediate part facing left and right through an insertion gap of the rocking co-operating rod; And a coil spring stretched between the upper ends of the pieces.

Further, according to the present invention, a coil spring mounting rod having a lower end portion attached to a lower end portion on the rear side of the front body and a projecting piece provided at an intermediate portion on the front side of the rear body is penetrated vertically above and below the projecting piece. The coil spring to be disposed is inserted, and threaded washers that respectively contact the upper end surface of the upper coil spring and the lower end surface of the lower coil spring are screwed to the upper and lower ends of the coil spring mounting rod, and It is preferable that the contact be grounded by elasticity.

Further, the present invention is adapted to correspond to a mountain-shaped ridge for planting potatoes and attached to both lower end portions of the left and right rocking body in the forward direction instead of the left and right sled-shaped contacts. The left and right sides of the right and left cylindrical brackets are rotatably and fixedly inserted into the right and left cylindrical brackets, and the wheels are attached to the lower ends of the left and right wheel arms facing each other in an inverted C-shape when viewed from the front and obliquely downward from above along the front and rear direction. Wheel-type contact is provided.

The present invention also provides an excavating upper and lower proximity switch and a swinging upper and lower proximity switch replaced by upper and lower limit switches, respectively. When the swing trigger is activated, it contacts the rollers of the upper and lower limit switches for digging and swinging, respectively.

The present invention also relates to the root vegetable harvesting machine, wherein a front part attached to the front upper part of the excavation port via the machine body is vertically movably connected to the rear part of the front part by a parallel link plate. A rear body, a right and left rocking body which is suspended behind the rear body so as to be swingable around a forward direction, a turning trigger protruding from one side of the left and right rocking body, and the turning on one side of the rear body. Upper and lower proximity switches for swinging, which are disposed above and below the tip of the trigger and face the turning trigger turning surface, respectively, are attached to both lower end portions of the left and right rocking body, and are formed at the same height downward and in the forward direction. On the other hand, the left and right sled-shaped contacts were arranged to face each other in an inverted C-shape.

A sensor mounting bracket which is provided outside the parallel link plate and is provided on the rear body; and a sensor mounting bracket which is provided along the forward direction on the sensor mounting bracket, wherein the parallel link is provided when the left and right sled-shaped contacts are grounded. The plate is located in the middle of them, and includes upper and lower proximity switches for excavation facing each other as the rear body moves up and down, and operates an electromagnetic valve that supplies hydraulic pressure for raising and lowering the hitch bar and turning left and right. The present invention is configured by connecting the proximity switch and the timer to an electric circuit to be operated.

In addition, the upper and lower proximity switches for digging and the upper and lower proximity switches for swinging are replaced with upper and lower limit switches, respectively, and the parallel link plate and the turning trigger are activated. Sometimes they contact the upper and lower limit switch rollers for excavation and the upper and lower limit switches for swinging respectively.

[0017]

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings showing the embodiment, F is a forward direction. Figure 1,
In FIG. 2, a root vegetable harvesting machine A is provided with a cage elevator 3 at the rear end of the body 1, both sides of which are supported by wheels 2, and a hoisting conveyor 4 is fixed to the body 1 from a lower front part of the body 1. It is fixed diagonally upward by the vertical fixing bar 5. Reference numeral 6 denotes a digging port, which is formed by a digging blade 7 fixed to the front end of the moating conveyor 4. Reference numeral 8 denotes a rolling coulter disposed on both sides of the excavation port 6, and reference numeral 9 denotes a lifting presser conveyor.

The root vegetable harvesting machine A connects the clevis 14 to the rear hitch of the tractor, and pulls the beet, etc., which is towed along the ridge and is dug at the excavation port 6 by the horigami conveyor 4 and the lifting presser conveyor 9 to the rear. And then lifted by a cage elevator 3 and transferred to a forward conveyor 10 where the tank 1 at the front of the fuselage
One is to drop and house the crop. Numeral 12 is a single-acting tank hydraulic cylinder provided before and after the tank 11, and as shown by a chain line in FIG. 2, when the piston rod is extended, the tank 11 rises and discharges beats and the like in the tank 11. It has become. Reference numeral 13 denotes a solenoid valve unit in which solenoid valves are housed in a stack, and is provided on the upper surface of the front part of the body 1 so as to receive hydraulic pressure from the towing tractor.

Next, in FIGS. 3 and 4, reference numeral 27 denotes a rolling coulter mounting pipe having an upper end surface fixed to the lower surface of the body 1 and provided vertically. Reference numeral 24 denotes a sensor mounting body, which is mounted on a holding body mounting bar 26 horizontally and horizontally fixed between inner surfaces of rolling coulter mounting pipes 27, 27.
5 is attached. The holding body 25 is configured such that the sensor mounting body 24 is bolted to the holding body mounting bar 26 so that the mounting position can be adjusted vertically and horizontally.

5 and 6, reference numeral 15 denotes a hitch bar projecting from the front end of the body 1, which is turned left and right by a double-acting oscillating cylinder 20 and raised and lowered by a single-acting digging cylinder 21. It is supposed to. Reference numeral 17 denotes a vertical bar. An upper hitch bar arm 18 and a lower hitch bar arm 19 are horizontally fixed to an upper portion and an intermediate portion, respectively, and communicate a longitudinal axis 16 with the front end of the body 1 therebetween.
A hitch bar 15 is attached to the body 1 so as to be able to turn left and right. The hitch bar 15 is formed as a parallel link, and has a base portion rotatably attached to a lower end portion of the vertical bar 17.

The swinging cylinder 20 has a base end rotatably attached to the left inner surface of the body 1 and a tip end of the piston rod rotatably attached to a rear end of the lower hitch bar arm 19. When the piston rod of the oscillating cylinder 20 is extended, the hitch bar 15 pivots to the left as shown by a dashed line in FIG. 5, and pivots to the right when the piston rod retracts. In a forward state in which the hitch bar 15 is connected to the tractor, the airframe 1 is moved to the left and right by the right turn and the left turn of the hitch bar 15, respectively. The excavating cylinder 21 has a U-shaped bracket 22 fixed to the top of the vertical bar 17 and a U-shaped bracket fixed to the middle of the upper surface of the hitch bar 15.
Both ends are attached to the shape bracket 23, and the hydraulic pressure works during extension to lower the hitch bar 15, and when the hydraulic pressure is released, the hitch bar 15 is retracted by the weight of the machine body and the hitch bar 15 is raised.

Referring further to FIG. 3 and FIGS. 7 to 11, a front body 28 is formed of a hollow square steel whose upper and lower end faces are hermetically closed. The front body 28 is not limited to the hollow square steel of the embodiment, but may be an appropriate one such as a rectangular steel plate. The front body 28 is provided with a hole 79 through which a shaft 78 for attaching the parallel link plates 32 and 34 passes horizontally in a vertical line at the center of both side surfaces.

Reference numeral 29 denotes a protruding trigger (FIGS. 10 and 11).
), Projecting rearward from the middle part of the front body 28, extending and retracting the front end plate back and forth, fixing it with bolts and nuts, and adjusting the width of the trigger. That is, a vertically symmetric trapezoidal plate having a short side at the front end and a long side at the base side,
By extending and retracting back and forth, the width of the trapezoidal plate with respect to the proximity switch and limit switch described later can be adjusted. By the way, the term "trigger" refers to the triggering of a gun. In the present invention, the term "trigger" is used to mean that a trigger is issued to a proximity switch or limit switch, which will be described later.

As shown in FIG. 11, the holding member 25 has a rectangular tube socket 75 through which the front body 28 is inserted and fixed to the front ends of the left and right flat steel plates, and a bolt fixing plate 7 at the rear end.
6 is fixed. A push screw 74 is provided on the front surface of the square tube socket 75, and the inserted front body 28 is detachably fixed. In FIGS. 4 and 5, reference numeral 77 denotes a holder mounting bracket, the back of which is the holder mounting bar 26.
Is fixed vertically to the front of the bolt, and bolted plate 7
6 is bolted, and the holder 25 is
To be fixed.

Reference numeral 31 denotes a rear body, which uses a hollow square steel having the same cross section as the front body 28. The rear body 31 is not limited to the hollow square steel, but may be any suitable one such as a rectangular steel plate. The rear body 31 is provided with a hole 79 in the center of both sides on a vertical line, and the parallel link plate 32 behind the front body 28,
33, 34 and 35, a shaft 78, and a hole 79 are provided so as to be movable up and down. The shaft 78 is welded to both ends of the parallel link plates 32 to 35 after communicating with the holes 79.

An excavation upper proximity switch 37 and an excavation lower proximity switch 38 are provided on the side of an upright plate 36 fixed to the upper surface of the rear body 31. And digging hole 6
Is located at the appropriate digging position, the protruding trigger 29 is operated when the left and right sled-shaped contacts 58 and 59 and the wheel-shaped contacts 60 and 61 are grounded, and the upper and lower proximity switches 37 for digging are used. And 38, that is, a neutral position.

When it is desired to change the neutral position, the mounting screw 74 in FIG. 11 is loosened to adjust the mounting height of the front body 28, and finally the screw 74 is tightened and fixed. The initial setting of the first excavation depth is set by adjusting the positional relationship between the rectangular tube socket 75 and the front body 28. As the proximity switches 37 and 38, the upper proximity switch 44 for swinging to be described later, and the lower proximity switch 45 for swinging, an M18 of a key-incorporated (Osaka) built-in proximity switch EZ type was used. This proximity switch has a detection distance of 5.0 mm ± 10%. An O (normally open, output when a detected object approaches) method was used.

The upper proximity switch 37 for excavation and the lower proximity switch 38 are fitted in a vertically long hole provided in the upright plate 36 and fixed with nuts so that the vertical center distance can be adjusted. The protruding trigger 29 is configured such that when the oblique sides on both sides of the trapezoidal plate attached to the tip end approach the proximity switches 37 and 38, the proximity switch operates. Reference numeral 39 denotes a left and right rocking body, which is provided on the left side of the rear body 31 in rear view, and has a bearing 46 fixedly provided on the upper rear surface. That is, as shown in FIG. 11, a bracket 41 projects perpendicularly from an intermediate portion on the left side surface of the rear body 31, a pivot 40 projects horizontally rearward at the tip of the bracket 41, and a bearing portion is attached to the pivot 40. The left and right rocking body 39 is attached to the rear body 31 in a suspended manner. The left and right rocking body 39 of the embodiment is provided on the left side of the rear body 31, but may be provided on the right side.

Reference numeral 48 denotes a turning trigger. A trapezoidal turning trigger tip plate 49 is provided at the tip of an arm projecting obliquely upward from the right side of the bearing 46 as viewed from the rear. It is attached to. Reference numeral 44 denotes a swinging upper proximity switch, and reference numeral 45 denotes a swinging lower proximity switch (see FIG. 7). The brackets 42 are provided above and below the swing trigger 48 so as to face the swing trigger tip plate 49 when the swing trigger 48 swings. It is arranged via an arc portion 43. The arc portion 43 is provided on the turning locus of the turning trigger tip plate 49, and upper and lower proximity switches for swinging are mounted on the long arc-shaped through holes provided along the arc so as to adjust the position.

Reference numeral 47 denotes a socket, which is a left and right rocking body 39.
The left and right rockers 3 project a square pipe at the lower end of the
It is fixed perpendicular to 9. Reference numerals 56 and 57 denote shanks (see FIG. 11), which are formed of square steel to be inserted into the socket portion 47, and the terminal portion is horizontally provided with a steel plate having an L-shaped cross section facing the inverted C shape when inserted into the socket portion 47. It is stuck. 58
A sled-shaped left contactor and a sled-shaped right contactor 59 have the same height, and the upper surface thereof is in contact with the lower surface of the L-shaped steel plate, and is fixed to the shank 56, 57 with a plurality of bolts and nuts. As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 9, on the both sides of the left and right rocking body 39, in a reverse C-shape with respect to the forward direction F in front of the digging blade 7. The left and right sled-shaped contacts 58, 59 are
When the members 6, 57 enter and exit the socket portion 47, the interval can be adjusted.

The left and right sled-shaped contacts 58, 59 are arranged in an inverted C-shape, and the standard of the inner distance between the rear ends is 18 cm, and the outward angle with respect to the forward direction is 15 degrees. The left and right sled-shaped contacts 58 and 59 are for beats whose inner edges are in contact with the outer surface of the root cap portion of the beat protruding above the ground to detect ridges. Numerals 51 and 52 denote suspension return pieces, which are provided to return the left and right rocking bodies 39 that are rocking vertically when the left and right sled-shaped contacts 58 and 59 are separated from the ridge.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 11, a horizontal bracket 50 is provided along the upper surface of the bracket 41 projecting rightward from the side surface of the intermediate portion of the rear body 31. The spacing holding projection 55 is provided in a protruding manner. The suspension return pieces 51 and 52 have the inner surfaces of the intermediate portions in contact with the left and right side surfaces of the spacing protrusion 55, the base portions are rotatably mounted on the horizontal bracket 50 with pins 82, and are provided in a Y-shape when viewed from the front to the left and right. ing. A coil spring 53 is stretched between the upper end portions of the suspension return pieces 51 and 52,
1, 52 are in contact with the outer surface of the holding projection 55, and hold the right and left rocking body 39 vertically while maintaining the upright state.

Reference numeral 54 denotes a swinging cooperating rod, which is a left and right swinging body 39.
Is formed in an inverted L-shape along the front-rear direction at the center of the upper surface, and the upper end is inserted into the gap between the intermediate portions of the suspension return pieces 51 and 52 (see FIGS. 7 and 8). When the left and right rocking body 39 rocks to the right in rear view, the rocking cooperative rod 54 falls to the left, and the suspension return piece 51 falls to the left against the tension of the coil spring 53. .

As shown in FIG. 12, when the root vegetable harvester A moves to the left in rear view, the sled-shaped left contactor 58 is operated.
Is brought into contact with the root cap of the beat B from the initial state shown by the dashed line, and the right and left rocking body 39 rocks rightward. Also, when the root vegetable harvesting machine moves to the right, the sled-shaped left contact 59 comes into contact with the outer surface of the beat B, the left and right rocking body 39 swings to the left, and the suspension return piece 52 falls to the right. is there.

When the sled-shaped contacts 58, 59 are released from contact with the beat B, the suspension return pieces 51, 52 pivot inwardly by the tension of the coil spring 53 to return the left and right rocking body 39 vertically. Let it do. Further, when the right and left sled-shaped contacts 58 and 59 are raised during the movement, the upper proximity switch 4 for swinging is turned by the free swing of the left and right swing body 39.
4. The lower swing switch 45 is operated, but the suspension return pieces 51 and 52 stop the free swing of the left and right rocking body 39, so that the operation is stopped.

Next, in FIGS. 10 and 11, reference numeral 68 denotes a coil spring mounting rod having a terminal plate 80 fixed to the lower end. Reference numeral 71 denotes a protruding piece which is fixed to the front middle portion of the rear body 31. Reference numeral 30 denotes a bracket projecting rearward from the lower rear end of the front body 28. The coil spring attachment rod 68 attaches the terminal plate 80 to the lower end of the bracket 30 with a pin 81, penetrates the projection 71, and
The coil springs 69 and 70 provided above and below the first coil spring 1 are inserted therethrough.

Numeral 72 denotes a threaded washer, which comes into contact with the upper end surface of the coil spring 69 and the lower end surface of the coil spring 70 and is screwed onto the coil spring mounting rod 68, and is moved up and down to adjust the elasticity of the coil springs 69 and 70. It is supposed to. Reference numeral 73 denotes a retaining piece which is attached to the upper end of the coil spring attaching rod 68. Although the retaining piece 73 in the embodiment is a double nut, a split pin or the like may be used.

Next, FIGS. 13 and 14 show a wheel-shaped left contact 60 and a wheel-shaped right contact 61 as other contacts. Referring also to FIG. 15, the left wheel arm 64 and the right wheel arm 65 are respectively inserted into cylindrical brackets 62 and 63 horizontally fixed to the outer ends of the shank 56 and 57 to be inserted into the socket portion 47, respectively. It is fixed with the push screw of a code abbreviation,
A wheel 67 is pivotally supported on the lower terminal portion in a front-rear direction obliquely downward from above along the front-rear direction. 6
Reference numeral 6 denotes a reinforcing plate welded to lower end portions of the left and right wheel arms 64, 65.

The left and right wheel-type contacts 60 and 61 are shown in FIG.
For example, the direction of the ridge is detected while the wheels 67 are in contact with the middle abdomen R of the mountain-shaped ridge R in which potatoes are planted. Then, as shown in FIG. 16, the set screws of the cylindrical brackets 62, 63 are loosened, and the left and right wheel arms 64,
When the wheels 65 are rotated outward as shown by arrows, the interval between the left and right wheels 67, 67 increases, and the wheels 67, 67
Comes into contact with the bottom of The left and right wheel arms 6
When the wheels 4 and 65 rotate inward each other, the left and right wheels 67,
The interval of 67 is reduced, and the wheels 67, 67 come into contact with the upper part of the mountain ridge R. That is, the interval between the left and right wheels 67 can be adjusted according to the shape of the mountain ridge.

Next, in the present invention, a limit switch is used in place of the proximity switch described above. That is, as shown in FIG. 17, an upright plate 36 erected on the upper end surface of the rear body 31 is provided.
The upper limit switch 93 for excavation and the lower limit switch 94 for excavation are arranged so as to be vertically adjustable.
Then, a roller R3 (see FIG. 19) of a lever R2 of a limit switch, which will be described later, is protruded to the right in front view, and a protruding trigger 98 is provided from the center of the rear surface of the front body 28. The protruding trigger 98 comes into contact with the roller R3 of the excavating lower limit switch 94 due to the rise of the rear body 31, and the rear body 3
The lowering switch 1 contacts the roller R3 of the excavating upper limit switch 93, and the limit switches are turned on.

Also, as shown in FIG. 18, the head is inclined inward along the turning surface of the turning trigger 99 at the tip of the bracket 42, and the oblique bar 95 is fixed. Then, the upper swing limit switch 96 and the lower swing limit switch 97 are connected to the roller R3 of the limit switch lever R2 described later from the rear surface of the oblique bar 95.
Was mounted in a protruding state. LW in the figure is a conductor.

Reference numeral 99 denotes a turning trigger, which is a left and right rocking body 39.
Projecting obliquely upward from one side of the bearing 46 of the
Contact the roller R3 at the end of the lever R2 of the upper and lower limit switches 96 and 97 for swinging by the swing of the left and right rocking body 39, and the limit switch emits a signal. When the left and right rocking body 39 is in the vertically suspended state, the end plate 100 of the turning trigger 99 is located at an intermediate position between the upper and lower limit switches for swinging, so that the limit switch is not turned on. .

When the right and left sled-shaped contacts 58 and 59 are grounded and the digging opening 6 is at an appropriate digging position, the projecting trigger 9
The tip of 9 is the upper and lower limit switches 9 for excavation
Located between 6 and 97, the switch is not turned on. FIG. 19 shows each of the above-mentioned limit switches as a representative of the excavation upper limit switch 93. In the figure, R1 is a body, in which a movable contact is accommodated, and when the lever R2 is lowered and the push button R5 is lowered, a signal is generated in a normally open mode in which the movable contact comes into contact and the switch is turned on. R4 is a return spring of the lever R2, R6 is a lever stopper, R7 is a lead wire connector, and R8 is a lever hinge. This limit switch is a hinge roller short lever type SHL-W255 made by OMRON.

FIG. 20 is a front view of a partially modified embodiment, FIG. 21 is a left side view of FIG. 20, and FIG.
FIG. In this embodiment, the projecting trigger 29
Is performed by any of the parallel link plates 32 to 35. That is, the sensor mounting bracket 101 is fixed to the rear body 31 outside the parallel link plate 32, and the upper and lower proximity switches 37 and 3 for digging are mounted on the left side surface of the sensor mounting bracket 101.
8 are arranged above and below. Sensor mounting bracket 10
In FIG. 1, as shown in FIG. 21, a long through-hole 102 is provided vertically in the front edge portion, and the proximity switches 37 and 38 are attached to the long through-hole 102 so that the vertical interval can be adjusted. When the parallel link plate 34 is used, the sensor mounting bracket 10
1 may be fixed to the right side surface of the rear body 31. When the parallel link plates 33 and 35 are used, the sensor mounting bracket is attached to the lower portion of the rear body 31 by the parallel link plate 3.
Provided in the same manner as in 2.

When the right and left sled-shaped contacts 58 and 59 are grounded, and the digging opening 6 is in a proper digging position, the parallel link plate 32 is positioned between the upper and lower proximity switches 37 and 38 for digging. And the proximity switch 37, 38 is approached by the vertical movement of the rear body 31, and the proximity switch emits a signal.

Although not shown, the upper and lower proximity switches 37 and 38 for excavation are replaced with the upper and lower limit switches 93 and 94 for excavation described with reference to FIG. At the same time, the roller R3 of the limit switch is
Was made to face the outer surface of the. Then, the parallel link plate 32 comes into contact with the roller R3 by the vertical movement of the rear body 31, and the limit switch emits a signal.

Next, FIG. 23 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of a root vegetable harvesting machine in which the device of the present invention is implemented. The swing cylinder 20 and the digging cylinder 21 receive hydraulic pressure from a hydraulic pump TP of the towing tractor. In the figure, T is an oil tank, P is an external hydraulic outlet of the tractor, SO is an unload valve, F1 is a flow control valve of the digging cylinder 21, F2
Is a flow control valve of the swing cylinder 20. SOLA4
Is the solenoid valve on the outer side of the swing cylinder 20, SOLB
Reference numeral 4 denotes a rod-side solenoid valve, S41 and S42 denote stop valves, and A1, A4, and B4 denote solenoid valve hydraulic ports. S11 is a digging cylinder solenoid valve, S12 is a stop valve, and S13 is a pressure relief valve.

FIG. 24 is an electric circuit diagram connected to the embodiment in FIG. 3 (using a proximity switch), and FIG. 205 is an electric circuit diagram connected to the embodiment in FIG. 17 (using a limit switch). FIG. 26 is a layout view of a solenoid valve connected to the electric circuit.

The operation of the solenoid valve by the electric circuit will be described. Referring to FIG. 24, the timer 8 receives an electric signal generated by the upper swing switch 44 when the swing trigger 48 approaches.
3, the unload valve SO connected to the terminal T2 via the relay KA4, the solenoid valve SOLA4 and the solenoid valve S41 connected to the terminal T6 are operated, the swing cylinder 20 shown in FIG. 23 is extended, and the hitch bar 15 turns left. Move. In this case, when the harvester leans to the left in the forward direction and the excavation hole comes off the ridge, the harvester is moved to the right by turning the hitch bar 15 to the left, and the excavation opening 6 is made coincident with the ridge. Automatic ridge alignment is performed. The block diagram shown on the left side of FIG. 27 shows the above-described operation.

Similarly, in FIG.
The solenoid valve SOLB4 and the solenoid valve S42 connected to the terminal T5 via the relay KA5 of the timer 84 actuate an electric signal generated by the swinging lower proximity switch 45 due to the approach of the unloading valve SO connected to the terminal T2. Is operated, the swing cylinder 20 is retracted, and the hitch bar 15 is turned clockwise. The right turn of the hitch bar 15 moves the harvester to the left, and the digging opening 6 coincides with the ridge. This operation is as shown in the block diagram on the right side of FIG.

In FIG. 25, the electric signal generated by the upper swing limit switch 96 by the swing trigger 99 is
The unload valve SO connected to the terminal T2 via the relay KA4 of the timer 83, the solenoid valve SOLA4 and the solenoid valve S41 connected to the terminal T6 are operated, and the upper swing proximity switch 44 is replaced with the upper swing limit switch. Then, the harvester is moved to the right by the operation shown in the block diagram shown on the left side of FIG. 27, and the excavation opening is made to coincide with the ridge.

Similarly, in FIG. 25, the signal generated by the lower swing limit switch 97 is, like the lower swing switch 45 via the relay KA5 of the timer 84, as shown in the block diagram on the right side of FIG. Then, the root cropper is shifted to the left, and the excavation opening 6 is made to coincide with the ridge.

Next, control of the excavation depth will be described. In FIG. 24, the electric signal generated by the lower excavation proximity switch 38 that approaches the protruding trigger 29 when the body 1 descends and the rear body 31 rises is a relay KA of the timer 86.
26, the solenoid valve S11 of FIG. 26 connected to the terminal T10 and the unload valve SO connected to the terminal T2 are operated to extend the digging cylinder 21 and lower the hitch bar 15. The lowering of the hitch bar 15 raises the fuselage 1 with respect to the towing tractor, and returns the excavation depth of the excavation opening 6 to the initial state. This operation is as shown in the block diagram on the right side of FIG.

An electric signal generated when the harvester rises and the digging upper proximity switch 37 approaches the protruding trigger 29 is transmitted to the stop valve S12 connected to the terminal T9 in FIG. The hydraulic pressure is released by the operation of the exhaust pressure valve 13 (see FIG. 23), and the hydraulic cylinder 21 contracts. Due to this degeneration, the hitch bar 15 is raised, the harvester is lowered, and the excavation hole returns to the initial state. This operation is as shown in the block diagram on the left side of FIG.

The upper and lower limit switches 93 and 94 for digging in FIG. 17 operate in the same manner as described for the upper and lower proximity switches 37 and 38 for digging described above. As shown in the block diagrams on the right and left sides, the harvester is raised and lowered to adjust the digging depth to a predetermined value.

In the case of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 21, 22 and 23, the operation of the protruding trigger 29 in FIG. 3 is performed by the parallel link plate 32 to control the excavation depth. is there. The sensors are the upper and lower proximity switches 37 and 38 for digging, and the upper and lower limit switches 93 and 94 for digging, as described above. As shown in the block diagram of FIG. 29, the excavation depth is returned to the initial state. If the proximity switch in FIG. 29 is replaced with a limit switch, a block diagram using a limit switch is obtained.

24 and 25, 87 is a time setting dial, 88 is a power supply terminal, 89 is a time switching range terminal, 90 is a reset terminal, 91 is a setting input terminal,
Reference numeral 92 denotes a DC battery (12 V) as a power supply. The timers 83 to 86 used OMRON H3T electric time units. The time setting of the timer is set shorter as the harvesting speed increases, but generally 0.1 to 0.5 seconds is appropriate. The set time is changed by the time setting dial 87 to obtain an appropriate work state.

Generally, the harvesting speed of a root vegetable harvester is about 4 km to 10 km per hour, and about 1.1 m to 3 m per second. Since the space between the plants such as beets to be planted is 20cm to 30cm,
In some cases, the contact contacts about 5 to 15 strains per second. When a signal from the proximity switch activates the solenoid valve as soon as the contact comes into contact with the beat or the like, the solenoid valve cannot respond to the electric signal if the number of contacts per second is large. Therefore, an electric timer is used to delay the electric signal of the proximity switch, stabilize the signal, and operate the solenoid valve. The use of this timer is a characteristic feature of the present invention, in which the direction of the shore is detected instead of one share or one share.

[0059]

As described above, according to the first and sixth aspects of the present invention, the left and right and up and down positional changes of the root cropper can be controlled by the sled shape and the wheels provided on both lower sides of the left and right rocking body. The contact signal is detected by a contact, and the electric signals generated by the upper and lower proximity switches or limit switches are approached by the approach of the protruding trigger and the rotation trigger linked to the operation of the contact. By operating the solenoid valve that sends hydraulic pressure to the root cropper, the hitch bar at the front of the root crop harvester is swiveled to the left and right and raised and lowered to automatically align the ridges. Fatigue can be eliminated. Further, the harvesting speed can be increased by the automatic ridge alignment, and the harvesting efficiency can be improved.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the width of the trigger for the proximity switch and the limit switch can be adjusted by extending and retracting the trapezoidal end plates of the protruding trigger and the turning trigger. This has the advantage that the timing at which the sensor signals are emitted can be changed. According to the third aspect of the present invention, the tip of the swinging co-operating rod erected at the center of the upper surface of the left and right swinging body is provided on the side of the rear body so as to face left and right, and the coil spring is stretched between the upper ends. Since the left and right swinging members are inserted between the left and right suspension return pieces, the left and right oscillating body can be normally held between the suspension return pieces by the coil spring. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the proximity switch from emitting a useless signal due to the free swing of the left and right rocker when the sled-shaped contact or the wheel-shaped contact rises.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the coil spring mounting rod, one end of which is mounted on the lower rear end of the front body, penetrates the projecting piece at the front middle part of the rear body.
A threaded washer was inserted into the coil springs disposed above and below the projecting piece, and threaded washers that respectively contact the upper end face of the upper coil spring and the lower end face of the lower coil spring were screwed to the coil spring mounting rod. The upper coil spring prevents the rear body from suddenly lowering with respect to the front body, and the coil spring at the lower part of the projection elastically presses the rear body from rising with respect to the front body. The shape contact can be brought into good contact with the ground surface, and the automatic ridge alignment operation can be ensured. Also,
The elasticity of the coil spring can be easily adjusted by twisting the threaded washer.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the right and left wheel-shaped contacts can be provided so as to face left and right in an inverted C-shape in front view from both sides of the lower end portion of the left and right rocking body via the cylindrical bracket. By exchanging the contacts, the ridges can be automatically aligned at the time of harvesting, for example, potatoes to be planted in a mountain-shaped ridge. In addition, since the wheels are attached to the lower end of the left and right wheel arms inserted into the cylindrical bracket, the wheel spacing is easily changed by twisting the wheel arm with respect to the cylindrical bracket to widely support various types of mountain ridges. can do.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the parallel link plate can be used as a trigger for generating a signal to the upper and lower proximity switches for excavation.
There is an advantage that the protrusion trigger can be omitted. According to the eighth aspect of the invention, the same advantage as that of the seventh aspect of the invention can be obtained by using the limit switch as a sensor.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a left side view of a root vegetable harvesting machine embodying the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a main part front view of FIG. 1 showing a part of the operation state by a chain line;

FIG. 3 is a left side view of the front part of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a partly omitted line AA.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a main part showing an operation of a hitch bar at a front part in FIG. 1;

6 is a main part side view for explaining the operation of the front hitch bar. FIG.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged front view of a main part of FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a rear view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a plan view of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a left side view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of a main part of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a main part rear view showing an operation state at the time of ridge detection.

FIG. 13 is a front view of a main part in which a ridge section is added to another embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a left side view of a main part of FIG. 13;

15 is an exploded perspective view of a main part of FIG.

16 is an essential part front view for explaining adjustment of the embodiment in FIG. 13;

FIG. 17 is a right side view of a main part of an embodiment using another sensor.

18 is a rear view of FIG.

19 is an external view of one component in FIG.

FIG. 20 is a front view of a partially modified embodiment.

FIG. 21 is a left side view of FIG. 20.

FIG. 22 is a plan view of a main part of FIG. 20;

FIG. 23 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of the root cropper.

FIG. 24 is an electric circuit diagram connected to the embodiment shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 25 is an electric circuit diagram connected to the embodiment in FIG. 17;

FIG. 26 is a layout diagram of a solenoid valve connected to an electric circuit diagram.

FIG. 27 is a block diagram of the ridge alignment operation of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 28 is a block diagram of an excavating depth adjusting operation of the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 29 is a block diagram of a digging depth adjusting operation of another device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Airframe 6 Drilling port 15 Hitch bar 20 Swing cylinder 21 Drilling cylinder 25 Holder 28 Front part 29, 98 Projection trigger 31 Rear part 32, 33, 34, 35 Parallel link plate 37 Upper proximity switch for digging 38 Lower proximity switch for excavation 39 Left and right rocking body 44 Upper proximity switch for swinging 45 Lower proximity switch for swinging 48, 99 Swing trigger 49 Swing trigger tip plate 50 Horizontal bracket 51, 52 Swinging body suspension return piece 53 Coil spring 54 Swing Cooperating rod 58 sled type left contact element 59 sled type right contact element 60 wheel type left contact element 61 wheel type right contact element 62, 63 cylindrical bracket 64 left wheel arm 65 right wheel arm 67 wheel 68 coil spring mounting rod 69; 70 Coil spring 71 Protrusion piece 72 Screw washer 73 Retaining piece 83, 84, 85, 86 Timer 93 Upper excavation limit switch 94 Lower excavation limit switch 95 Oblique bar 96 Upper swing upper limit switch 97 Lower swing lower limit switch 101 Sensor mounting bracket SO Unload valve S11 Excavation Solenoid valve for take-off cylinder SOLA4 Swing cylinder outer side solenoid valve SOLB4 Swing cylinder rod side solenoid valve

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A root vegetable harvesting machine in which a digging hole is fixed below a front part of a fuselage and a hitch bar protruding from the front part of the fuselage is raised and lowered by hydraulic pressure and swiveled right and left to align ridges. A front body attached to the front upper side via the body, a rear body connected to the rear of the front body by a parallel link plate so as to be vertically movable, and a digging disposed above the rear body along a forward direction. Upper and lower proximity switches, a left and right rocking body swingably suspended around the forward direction behind the rear body, a turning trigger protruding from one side of the left and right rocking body, Upper and lower proximity switches for swinging, which are disposed above and below the turning trigger tip on one side and face the turning trigger turning surface, are attached to the lower end portions of the left and right rocking body, respectively, and are mounted downward. Formed high and inverted in the forward direction And the left and right sled-shaped contacts disposed in front of the excavation opening, and when the left and right sled-shaped contacts are grounded, the tip of the tip is located at the middle of the excavation upper and lower proximity switches. An electric circuit for actuating a solenoid valve for supplying a hydraulic pressure for raising and lowering the hitch bar and turning left and right, and connecting the proximity switch and a timer to the root crop harvesting machine. Ridging device. 2. The protruding trigger and the turning trigger are vertically symmetrical trapezoidal plates each having a short side at a front end and a long side at a base side, and are attached so as to be extendable and retractable. Automatic ridge alignment device in the root vegetable harvester. 3. An inverted L-shaped swinging co-operating rod erected along the front-rear direction at the center of the upper surface of the left-right oscillating body, and one side projecting from the rear body in front of the left-right oscillating body. An oscillating body suspension return piece having a base end rotatably mounted on a horizontal bracket, and an intermediate portion facing left and right through an insertion gap of the oscillating co-operating rod,
3. The automatic ridge alignment device according to claim 1, further comprising a coil spring stretched between upper ends of the left and right swinging member suspension return pieces. 4. A coil in which a lower end is attached to a lower end on the rear side of the front body, and a coil spring mounting rod having a projecting piece provided at an intermediate portion on the front side of the rear body is provided above and below the projecting piece. 4. The coil spring mounting rod is screwed to upper and lower ends of the coil spring mounting rod, respectively, wherein a spring is inserted and threaded washers that respectively contact an upper end surface of the upper coil spring and a lower end surface of the lower coil spring are screwed. Automatic ridge alignment device in the root vegetable harvester. 5. A left and right wheel arm which is rotatably and fixedly inserted into left and right cylindrical brackets attached to both lower end portions of said left and right rocking body along a forward direction, and faces downward in a reverse C-shape when viewed from the front. 5. The automatic rowing device in a root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein left and right wheel-shaped contacts having wheels attached thereto obliquely downward from above along the front-rear direction are provided at the lower end of the root cropper. 6. The protruding trigger and the turning trigger, wherein the upper and lower proximity switches for digging and the upper and lower proximity switches for swinging are replaced by upper and lower limit switches, respectively. Contacting the rollers of the upper and lower limit switches for digging and oscillating, respectively, during operation.
6. An automatic ridge alignment device in the root vegetable harvester according to 3, 4 or 5. 7. A root vegetable harvesting machine in which a digging hole is fixed below the front part of the fuselage, and a hitch bar protruding from the front part of the fuselage is raised and lowered by hydraulic pressure and swiveled left and right to align the ridges. A front body attached to the front upper side via the body, a rear body connected to the rear of the front body by a parallel link plate so as to be movable up and down, and suspended from the rear body so as to be swingable around a forward direction. A left and right rocking body, a swing trigger protruding from one side of the left and right rocking body, and a swing trigger disposed on the side of the rear body above and below the tip of the swing trigger and facing the swing trigger turning surface. Upper and lower proximity switches, left and right sled-shaped contacts attached to the lower end portions of the left and right rocking bodies, formed at the same height downward, and arranged in a reverse C-shape with respect to the forward direction, and the parallel link. Position the rear part outside the plate And the parallel link plate, which is provided in the sensor mounting bracket along the forward direction, and is located in the middle between the left and right sled-shaped contacts when the right and left sled-shaped contacts are grounded, faces with the vertical movement of the rear body. An automatic ridge in a root vegetable harvesting machine having an upper and lower proximity switch for digging, and an electric circuit for operating a solenoid valve for supplying a hydraulic pressure for raising and lowering the hitch bar and turning left and right, and connecting the proximity switch and a timer. Matching device. 8. An upper and lower proximity switch for digging and an upper and lower proximity switch for swinging according to claim 7 are replaced with upper and lower limit switches, respectively, and said parallel link plate and swivel trigger are provided. 7. The automatic ridge alignment device in a root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 6, wherein when in operation, the upper and lower limit switches for excavation and the upper and lower limit switches for swinging respectively contact the rollers.