CN108496461A - A kind of Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower is peeled net kind of method - Google Patents

A kind of Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower is peeled net kind of method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108496461A
CN108496461A CN201810260011.1A CN201810260011A CN108496461A CN 108496461 A CN108496461 A CN 108496461A CN 201810260011 A CN201810260011 A CN 201810260011A CN 108496461 A CN108496461 A CN 108496461A
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China
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seed
yellow flower
herba limonii
limonii gmelinii
net
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李得禄
李昌龙
魏林源
王飞
张芝萍
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Gansu Desert Control Research Institute
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Gansu Desert Control Research Institute
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N3/00Preservation of plants or parts thereof, e.g. inhibiting evaporation, improvement of the appearance of leaves or protection against physical influences such as UV radiation using chemical compositions; Grafting wax
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/40Afforestation or reforestation

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

It peels net kind of method, includes the following steps, ground management of collecting seed the invention discloses a kind of Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower;Fruit harvesting:Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower aerial part cane is harvested with flower with reaping hook, and drives net kind of place by 9~November after Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed maturity;Fruit dries:Cutting is uniformly dispersed and is placed in shady and cool, drying, the cement flooring of ventilation is dried in the shade;Fruit threshing:After cutting is fully dry, is beaten with flexible branch after cutting is concentrated, or threshing is carried out with thresing machine, net kind is carried out after 85%~90% seed shedding;Net kind:Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed is carried out net kind by net kind of method of net kind of method of wet concentration or selection by winnowing;Seed drying and storage;This method is easy to implement, effect is ideal, and outfit is simple, can be quickly obtained that cleanliness is higher, Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed of full seed, can provide a large amount of high quality seeds in a short time for husky area's improvement of the ecological environment and afforestation.

Description

A kind of Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower is peeled net kind of method
Technical field:
The invention belongs to seed harvests and net kind and field of storage, more particularly to a kind of Plumbaginaceae kind skin to be not readily separated plant The threshing of object and net kind of method.
Background technology:
Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower (Limonium aureum) is Plumbaginaceae Statice herbaceos perennial, have drought resisting, It is dry to be born in beach, gobi, lake basin, stone matter hillside, fixed semifixed dune etc. more for the good characteristics such as cold-resistant, saline-alkali tolerant, barren-resistant Under non-irrigated Desert Conditions.It is distributed widely in China's Hulunbeier sandy land, Otingdag Sandy Land, Mu Us Shadi, Tengger desert, crow The ground such as the cloth made of orchid and desert, Hexi Corridor In Gansu sand ground, North of North China.Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower persistent calyx, pattern is gorgeous, the retention time It is long, it is the rare floral holding material in arid-desert area and dried flower material, there is higher ornamental value, in abundant rainfall year Part, Desert Regions are fixed semi-fixed sandy land and are grown in flakes, time of blooming a piece of golden yellow, are added to bleak and desolate desert rather beautiful It is beautiful.Once plantation can utilize Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower for many years, be the excellent ground cover plant of lawn planting, flower bed, Hua Chi, slope protection soil fixation. Its root and herb can be used as medicine, have anti-inflammatory analgetic, enrich blood, stop blooding, invigorating blood circulation, invigorating the spleen the effect of.Arid-desert area precipitation is rare, In the extreme drought time, Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower growth restriction, population deterioration is serious, and it is close to increase its population by artificial after-culture measure Degree, gives full play to dust storm sand fixation and has a very important significance.Promote chrysanthemum enrich blood on arid sand artificial growth with And the utilization on the gardens of arid-desert area, seed production is premise and basis, but since Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower is mostly located In wild state, population density is relatively low, and Natural seed setting rate is low, and seed is smaller and is not easy to detach with kind skin, it is difficult to obtain cleanliness Higher seed affects the utilization of Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower plant resources.Therefore, it is badly in need of solving Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed shatter Net kind and storage technique.The country is there is not yet the report of Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower threshing and net kind of technical aspect at present.
Invention content:
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to:A kind of net kind of Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed shatter and the storage of seeds skill are provided Art, to provide a large amount of high-quality Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seeds for husky area's improvement of the ecological environment and afforestation.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:A kind of Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower is de- The method of Pi Jing kinds, includes the following steps,
S1, ground management of collecting seed:Reinforce managing and protecting in wild Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower plant resources distributed area, closure against grazing, excavation etc. Mankind's destructive activity provides good environment for Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower normal growth;
S2, fruit harvesting:9~November after Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed maturity, by Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower aerial part stalk It is harvested with reaping hook with flower, and takes back net kind of place;
S3, fruit dry:Cutting is uniformly dispersed and is placed in shady and cool, dry, ventilation ground and dries in the shade, and daily into Row stirs 2~3 times;
S4, fruit threshing:After stalk and fruit are sufficiently separated, carried out with flexible branch after cutting is concentrated Beat, after stalk and fruit are sufficiently separated, remove stalk, by fruit with shedding machine carries out low speed threshing (sieve screen apertures size and Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed cross-sectional diameter is close, and diameter is in 0.7~0.75cm), threshing is insufficient can be repeated 2~3 times, Net kind is carried out after 85%~90% seed shatter;
S5, net kind:Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed is carried out net kind by net kind of method of net kind of method of wet concentration or selection by winnowing;
S6, seed drying and storage:The natural moisture content of harvest seed is measured, and by seed drying machine by seed aqueous Rate is controlled 4.0% or so, and pack is sealed with air-locked packaging material (vial, aluminium foil bag, polyethylene film etc.), It is subsequently placed in Low temperature refrigerator (5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 15%) storage (seed longeivity is long).Also can by the seed of harvest ventilation, It dries in the shade at dry, is then charged into paper bag and is placed in dry, ventilation, the storage of nice and cool seed chamber;
Preferably, net kind of method of wet concentration in step S5 obtains concrete operation step is:By Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed and impurity It being placed in the container equipped with tap water, seed can sink under water, and impurity floats on the water surface, and impurity is toppled over discharge with flow, The higher seed of cleanliness is can be obtained by 2~3 wet concentrations.
Preferably, being the per minute 80 wind speed sorting Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seeds for turning left right with sorting machine rotating speed, then assist Net kind manually is carried out with dustpan, the higher seed of cleanliness can be obtained.
Preferably, air-locked packaging material can select vial, aluminium foil bag, polyethylene film in step S6.
Preferably, the temperature of Low temperature refrigerator is 5 DEG C in step S6, humidity 15%.
Compared with prior art, usefulness of the present invention is:This method is easy to implement, effect is ideal, outfit letter It is single, it can be quickly obtained that cleanliness is higher, Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed of full seed, can be husky area ecological environment in a short time It builds and afforestation provides a large amount of high-quality Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seeds.
Specific implementation mode:
The present invention will be described in detail With reference to embodiment:
A kind of Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower is peeled net kind of method, is included the following steps:
It manages with collecting seed:Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower is greatly all in wild state, therefore ground of collecting seed is also mainly with the Huang of NATURAL DISTRIBUTION Based on flower naringi crenulata.Therefore, Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower collect seed ground management also mainly to protect the wild Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower plant resources to be It is main, reinforce managing and protecting in wild plant resource distribution area, mankind's destructive activity such as closure against grazing, excavation is that Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower is normal Growth provides good environment.Artificial recharge is carried out in the conditional trickle irrigation that can lay, promotes Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower battalion It supports and reproductive growth is laid the foundation with improving plant setting percentage to increase seed production;
Fruit harvesting:Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower is generally in collecting fruit in 9~October, and since fruit is not easily to fall off, plucking seed time can prolong Grow to November.In the wild distributed area of Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower, Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower aerial part is all adopted using reaping hook hand harvest method Storage bag takes back net kind of place;
Fruit dries:Cutting is placed on the concrete floor of flat, ventilation, drying, thin and thick is uniform, and is carried out in one day It stirs 2~3 times, to reach quick-drying purpose.Fruit will pay special attention to rain-proof during drying, and be purchased when especially measuring big Canopy film prepares the big timely rain-proof of storeroom progress;
Fruit threshing:Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed is smaller, and seed and kind skin it is close it is raw, seed is not easily to fall off, therefore Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower is subjected to threshing, it is larger to obtain the higher seed difficulty of cleanliness.By dry Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower plant with rich The branch of elasticity is manually beaten, and after stalk and fruit are sufficiently separated, remove stalk, fruit is carried out low speed with shedding machine Threshing (sieve screen apertures size is close with Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed cross-sectional diameter, and diameter is in 0.7~0.75cm), threshing is insufficient can To repeat 2~3 times, net kind is carried out after 85%~90% seed shatter;
Net kind:Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed very little, mass of 1000 kernel are only 0.68g, and seed and impurity are easy to mix, and are not easy point From.It obtains cleanliness higher seed wet cleaning process and pneumatic concentration carries out net kind.Wet cleaning process specific method is:By seed and impurity It pours into the container for filling water, is stirred together, impurity floats on the water surface, and seed all sinks to the bottom, then will floating The impurity in face is toppled on the water, and the higher seed of cleanliness is can be obtained after repeating 2~3 times, and the seed that wet cleaning process obtains is quick It dries.Separating method concrete operation method is:It is the per minute 80 wind speed sorting Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower kinds for turning left right with sorting machine rotating speed Son, then indirect labor carry out net kind with dustpan, obtain the higher seed of cleanliness;
Seed drying and storage:Water content is higher after net kind of the seed newly harvested, is 11.78%, is unfavorable for storing.Cause This, the seed just harvested must be dried, and so that seed moisture proportion is reached defined safe aqueous rate standard, to weaken in seed Portion's biochemical reactions accelerate seed maturity, improve seed quality.At present seed drying frequently with artificial drying method, often Drying equipment has seed drying machine.Temperature should be maintained at 30~40 DEG C when seed drying goes out machine, contain if standard is not achieved Water rate (5% or less) carries out 2~3 dryings.For the seed of ultra-dry treatment compared with untreated, seed can keep higher Germination percentage and germinating energy, ageing resistance are significantly promoted.It, can when Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed moisture proportion reaches 5% or less The amplitude that percentage of seedgermination declines is significantly reduced, achievees the purpose that germplasm long-term preservation.Storage practice predominantly seals refrigerator Refrigeration and normal temperature laboratory preservative, wherein refrigeration are by Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed vial, aluminium foil bag, polyethylene film It is sealed, is placed in the special seed refrigerator of low temperature and low humidity, temperature is adjusted to 5 DEG C, and humidity is 15% (seed longeivity It is long).The storage practice is easy to operate, and temperature humidity is easily controllable, but energy consumption is larger, is unsuitable for a large amount of thes storage of seeds.It is indoor Room temperature storage method be the Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed of harvest is then charged into ventilation, dry in the shade at drying paper bag be placed in dry, Ventilation, the storage of nice and cool seed chamber.
Embodiment one:Net kind of method of wet concentration
Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower aerial part is manually acquired into roping 9~October after Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed maturity Back, the ground for being placed in aeration-drying is dried in the shade, and keeps thin and thick uniform, is stirred 2~3 times daily during drying in the shade, is waited for stalk And threshing can be carried out when fruit drying.Specific method is 20~30cm of thickness after concentrating cutting, with soft branch into Row beats cutting, after stalk and fruit are sufficiently separated, remove stalk, fruit is carried out low speed threshing (sieve with shedding machine Hole size is close with Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed cross-sectional diameter, and diameter is in 0.7~0.75cm), threshing is insufficient can repeat into Row 2~3 times, carries out net kind after 85%~90% seed shatter, carries out net kind using wet cleaning process, seed and impurity are fallen Enter the container of tap water is housed, the seed of full seed submerged immediately, and impurity and not full seed will float on water Upper part is toppled in face, and prevents seed from pouring out, after 2~3 wet concentrations, you can obtains the higher Huang of cleanliness Flower is enriched blood grass seed.
Water content is higher after net kind of the seed newly harvested, and the seed for being unfavorable for storing, therefore just harvesting must be dried, So that seed moisture proportion is reached defined standard, to weaken Interior Seed biochemical reactions, accelerates seed maturity, improve seed matter Amount.When Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed moisture proportion reaches 5.0% or less, the amplitude of percentage of seedgermination decline can be significantly improved, is reached To the purpose of germplasm long-term preservation.For the seed of ultra-dry treatment compared with untreated, seed can keep higher germination percentage, hair Bud gesture and ageing resistance.For seed drying frequently with the method for artificial drying, common drying equipment has seed drying machine at present. Temperature should be maintained at 30~40 DEG C when seed drying goes out machine, if standard aqueous rate is not achieved, be dried twice.Deepfreeze Method is that will surpass the Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed vial, aluminium foil bag, polyethylene film for daring processing to be sealed, and is placed in low temperature and low humidity Special seed refrigerator in, temperature is adjusted to 5 DEG C, and humidity is that 15% (seed longeivity is long) is stored.Normal temperature laboratory is stored Method is that the Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed of harvest dries in the shade at ventilation, drying, is then charged into paper bag and is placed in drying, divulges information, is cool Refreshing seed chamber storage.Seed loss percentage of this method during Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed shatter is less than 2.0%, can Cleanliness is obtained 90% or more, seed of the germination percentage 92% or so.
Embodiment two:Net kind of method of selection by winnowing
In arid-desert area water resource unexpected shortage, and wind resource relative abundance, in the case of water scarcity Pneumatic concentration may be used and carry out net kind.The specific method is as follows:Pneumatic concentration seed collection and methods of threshing with the method in example 1, A kind of method that only impurity is detached seed and impurity under the action of the forces of the wind with seed after threshing sieving, wind-force It can be natural wind, can also be sorting machine.Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed is small and light, wind-force cross conference by seed and impurity together by Wind rises, and the purpose that impurity is detached with seed is not achieved.It is per minute 80 that net kind of specific method of sorting machine, which is with sorting machine rotating speed, The wind speed sorting Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed for turning left right, then indirect labor carry out net kind with dustpan, by 2~3 selection by winnowing, also can The seed that enough cleanliness are obtained slightly poorer to wet cleaning process, but physical purity of seed disclosure satisfy that and produce needs.Storage practice after seed harvest With example one.Seed loss percentage of this method during Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed shatter is less than 2.0%, can obtain cleanliness and exist 85% or more, seed of the germination percentage 92% or so.
It is emphasized that:It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned exemplary embodiments Details can realize this in other specific forms and without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention Invention.Therefore, in all respects, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, the present invention Range be indicated by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, it is intended that meaning in the equivalent requirements of the claims will be fallen It is included within the present invention with all changes in range.

Claims (5)

  1. A kind of net kind of the method 1. Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower is peeled, it is characterised in that:Include the following steps.
    S1, ground management of collecting seed:Reinforce managing and protecting in Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower wild plant resource distributed area, the mankind such as closure against grazing, excavation Destructive activity provides good environment for Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower normal growth;
    S2, fruit harvesting:9~November after Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed maturity, by Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower aerial part stalk and flower It is harvested with reaping hook, and takes back net kind of place;
    S3, fruit dry:The ground that cutting is uniformly dispersed and is placed in shady and cool, drying, is divulged information is dried in the shade, and stirs 2~3 daily It is secondary;
    S4, fruit threshing:After cutting is fully dry, is beaten, waited for flexible branch after cutting is concentrated After stalk and fruit are sufficiently separated, stalk is removed, fruit with shedding machine is carried out low speed threshing, and (sieve screen apertures size is enriched blood with chrysanthemum Grass seed cross-sectional diameter is close, and diameter is in 0.7~0.75cm), threshing is insufficient can be repeated 2~3 times, wait for 85%~ Net kind is carried out after 90% seed shatter;
    S5, net kind:Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed is subjected to net kind, wherein net kind of selection by winnowing by net kind of method of net kind of method of wet concentration or selection by winnowing Method carries out on sorting machine, also can net kind of human assistance dustpan;
    S6, seed drying and storage:The natural moisture content of harvest seed is measured, and by seed drying machine by seed moisture proportion control System seals pack, then 4.0% or so with air-locked packaging material (vial, aluminium foil bag, polyethylene film etc.) It is placed in Low temperature refrigerator (5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 15%) storage (seed longeivity is long).It also can be by the seed of harvest in ventilation, drying Place dries in the shade, and is then charged into paper bag and is placed in dry, ventilation, the storage of nice and cool seed chamber.
  2. Net kind of the method 2. a kind of Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower according to claim 1 is peeled:Net kind of method of wet concentration in step S5 Concrete operation step is:By after 85%~90% threshing of Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seed and impurity be placed in the container equipped with tap water In, seed can sink under water, and impurity floats on the water surface, and impurity is toppled over discharge with flow, can be obtained by 2~3 wet concentrations The higher seed of cleanliness.
  3. Net kind of the method 3. a kind of Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower according to claim 1 is peeled:Net kind of method of selection by winnowing in step S5 Concrete operation step is:It is the per minute 80 wind speed sorting Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower seeds for turning left right with sorting machine rotating speed, then assists people Work carries out net kind with dustpan, and the higher seed of cleanliness can be obtained.
  4. Net kind of the method 4. a kind of Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower according to claim 1 is peeled:Air-locked packing timber in step S6 Material can select vial, aluminium foil bag, polyethylene film.
  5. Net kind of the method 5. a kind of Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower according to claim 1 is peeled:The temperature of Low temperature refrigerator in step S6 Degree is 5 DEG C, humidity 15%.
CN201810260011.1A 2018-03-27 2018-03-27 A kind of Herba Limonii Gmelinii with yellow flower is peeled net kind of method Pending CN108496461A (en)

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CN104170594A (en) * 2014-08-20 2014-12-03 辽宁大学 Harvesting method of seeds of Zoysia japonica
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112154887A (en) * 2020-10-28 2021-01-01 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所 Cultivation and domestication method for limonium aureum

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Application publication date: 20180907