CN108476902A - A kind of konjaku mechanized cultivation method - Google Patents
A kind of konjaku mechanized cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108476902A CN108476902A CN201810565211.8A CN201810565211A CN108476902A CN 108476902 A CN108476902 A CN 108476902A CN 201810565211 A CN201810565211 A CN 201810565211A CN 108476902 A CN108476902 A CN 108476902A
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- konjaku
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of konjaku mechanized cultivation methods.The konjaku mechanized cultivation method includes the following steps：Mechanized soil preparation operation, is harrowed again using first ploughing, and is ploughed 1 time and is harrowed 2~3 times, repeats aforesaid operations 1~5 time, so that Land leveling, upper Panasonic is real, leakage Pa Shuai≤3%, harrow broken Shuai≤90%；Mechanical planting and fertilising, mating artificial mending-leakage operational method of stopping leakage in the roof are carried out using seeder；Mechanical harvest is first to be excavated, and excavating depth is 20~40cm to avoid hindering konjaku or lavish labor on, and ensures net harvesting rate >=95%, loss late≤5%.The present invention while do mechanization operation using special tillage operation in the way of, cultivation and banking and harvest excavation in the way of, it is high fundamentally to solve artificial input, the problem that quality cannot be protected significantly reduces cost of labor, while promoting yield and ensure that quality and net harvesting rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to planting technology fields, and in particular to a kind of konjaku mechanized cultivation method.
Background technology
Amorphophalus rivieri (j ǔ ru ò) (scientific name Amorphophallus konjac), is commonly called as konjaku, and make mill taro, and Araeceae grinds taro
Belong to herbaceos perennial, ancient Chinese is also known as bewitching taro.Konjaku just has the title of " removing intestines sand " since ancient times.
Konjaku is grown under sparse woods, is beneficial basic food, the people excessive to edible animal acid food, and collocation is eaten
Konjaku can reach food acid, soda balance.In addition, konjaku also has horizontal hypoglycemic, reducing blood lipid, decompression, dissipates poison, beauty treatment, leads to
Arteries and veins, weight-reducing, defaecation, appetizing etc. are multi-functional.
Konjaku complete stool is toxic, with stem tuber be most, it is not raw-eaten, rear edible need to be processed.Tongue, larynx are scorching hot after poisoning, itch
Bitterly, enlargement.Civil vinegar adds ginger juice a little, takes orally or containing coughing, can save.Konjaku underground stem tuber is oblate, just like big size
Water chestnut, diameter is up to 25 centimetres or more, nutrition very abundant, and starch-containing 35%, protein 3% and multivitamin and potassium,
The mineral matter elements such as phosphorus, selenium, the sugar also wanted containing necessary for human, i.e. glucomannan up to 45% or more, and with it is low in calories,
The characteristics of low fat and high-cellulose.It is edible that konjaku underground stem tuber can be processed into konjaku flour, and can be made into konjak tofu, konjaku
The numerous foods such as vermicelli, konjaku bread, konjaku sliced meat, fruit juice konjaku silk.Konjak food not only delicious flavour, mouthfeel is pleasant, and
And have body-building and weight-reducing, anticancer and other effects of curing the disease, so the fashionable whole world in recent years, and it is described as " magic power food ", " mystery food by people
Product ", " healthy food " etc..But konjaku complete stool is toxic, is most that tongue, larynx are scorching hot after poisoning with stem tuber, pain of itching, and enlargement is civil to use vinegar
Add ginger juice a little, take orally or can be saved containing gargling.It therefore must be de- through process such as milling, boiling, rinsings before konjaku is edible
Poison.There is the features such as artificial input height, low output in konjaku plantation, therefore, a kind of konjaku plantation that can be solved the above problems of exploitation
Method is very important.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of konjaku mechanized cultivation methods.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, and the konjaku mechanized cultivation method includes the following steps：
1) mechanized soil preparation operation is harrowed again using first ploughing, and is ploughed 1 time and is harrowed 2~3 times, repeat aforesaid operations 1~5 time, so that ground
Face is smooth, and upper Panasonic is real, leakage Pa Shuai≤3%, harrow broken Shuai≤90%；
2) seeder is used to carry out mechanical planting and fertilising, mating artificial mending-leakage operational method of stopping leakage in the roof；
3) mechanical harvest is first to be excavated, and excavating depth is 20~40cm to avoid hindering konjaku or lavish labor on,
Ensure net harvesting rate >=95%, loss late≤5%.
The present invention while do mechanization operation using special tillage operation in the way of, cultivation and banking and harvest excavate
Mode, fundamentally solves artificial input height, and the problem that quality cannot be protected significantly reduces cost of labor, simultaneously
It promotes yield and ensure that quality and net harvesting rate.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but is not limited in any way to the present invention,
Based on present invention teach that made by it is any transform or replace, all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Konjaku mechanized cultivation method of the present invention includes the following steps：
1) mechanized soil preparation operation is harrowed again using first ploughing, and is ploughed 1 time and is harrowed 2~3 times, repeat aforesaid operations 1~5 time, so that ground
Face is smooth, and upper Panasonic is real, leakage Pa Shuai≤3%, harrow broken Shuai≤90%；
2) seeder is used to carry out mechanical planting and fertilising, mating artificial mending-leakage operational method of stopping leakage in the roof；
3) mechanical harvest is first to be excavated, and excavating depth is 20~40cm to avoid hindering konjaku or lavish labor on,
Ensure net harvesting rate >=95%, loss late≤5%.
The depth ploughed in the rake 2~3 times of plough No. 1 time is 60~80cm.
The depth harrowed in the rake 2~3 times of plough No. 1 time is 10~50cm.
The depth harrowed for the first time in the rake 2~3 times of plough No. 1 time is 40~50cm, and the depth of second of rake is 20~40cm, third
The depth of secondary rake is 10~20cm.
It is 3 times that the number of operations harrowed again is first ploughed in repetition.
2) after step further include cultivation and banking job step.
It is more than that 20cm or more carries out mechanization ridging operation that the cultivation and banking operation, which is in konjaku plant,.
The depth of the excavation is 20~30cm.
The harvest uses aftercrop mode, i.e., is excavated harvest twice.
The interval time for excavating harvest twice is 5~10 days.
The concrete operations mode of konjaku mechanized cultivation method of the present invention is as follows：
1, mechanized soil preparation operation：
Mechanized soil preparation work tool is widely used in Quanzhou at present, and the mill model comparison that may be selected to use is more.For ease of rising
High ridge, it is proposed that it first ploughs and harrows again, two rake of a plough, if colloid soil is harrowed three to four times.Paddy field and rubber planting line-spacing it is big and smooth
Plot 90-120 horsepowers of tractor equipment operation can be used；Plot is smaller, u-turn is inconvenient can be used 50 horsepowers and
The tractor equipment operation of following model.Site preparation standard requires to reach neat, flat, loose, broken, net, Land leveling, upper Panasonic
It is real, machinery.It is conditional can mating completion Subsoiler, be conducive to remove tree root, break plough sole, enhancing water storage rate, subtract
Few pest and disease damage etc..
2, mechanized cultivation operation：
Ridging, trench digging, sowing, fertilising, ridging, suppression operation can disposably be completed using the plantation of mechanization konjaku, broadcast
Kind precision is high, emergence rate is high, can choose to install chemical spraying mechanism and disposably complete plant protection operation.Initial stage is promoted at present to suggest using potato
Small-sized list ridge planting machine carries out machine sowing and the mating manual work mode of small-sized rotary tilling ridging plastic film mulch fertilizer applicator.
Scheme one：Ridging, trench digging, sowing, fertilising, plastic film mulch, training are disposably completed using the small-sized single ridge planting machine of potato
Soil, suppression operation, can choose to install plastics and be sprayed pipe.Advantage is efficient, cost bottom, less investment.The disadvantage is that requiring konjaku seed
Want standard, plantation plot is relatively large, without weeds, needs artificial rupture of membrane after emergence.
Scheme two：The mating manual work of small-sized rotary tilling ridging plastic film mulch fertilizer applicator is to complete rotary tillage by mechanization, ridging, apply
Using manually being sowed after fertilizer, plastic film mulch, ridging process.It is that seeder carries out manual operation that sowing, which can use small hand-held,.
Advantage is：It does not choose seeds, does not need artificial rupture of membrane after emergence substantially.The disadvantage is that：Plantation efficiency relative plan one is relatively low, cost input
Relative increase.
3, mechanization cultivation and banking operation：
The link is selective operation, depending on konjaku plants the ditch depth.To reduce the rotten rotten situation of konjaku, raising machine produces effects
Rate can be more than 20 centimetres or more in konjaku plant and carry out mechanization ridging operation.Have at present medium-sized (double ridges) and small-sized (single ridge)
Accompany native machine, single ridge plantation be proposed with it is small-sized accompany native machine operation, being proposed with for double ridge standardized plantings medium-sized accompanies native machine.
4, mechanized harvest operation
Mechanical harvest is carried out using potato picker and is divided to two kinds of forms, and one is native through the past after being harvested using cropper
Separation, potato falls ground again, then is picked up through artificial, is a kind of semi-mechanization harvest；Another kind is to utilize novel potato
It detaches through past soil after cropper harvest, is delivered directly on the transport vehicle followed by conveying device, realize complete mechanical harvest.
Harvest time generally selects two row potatos of 90 horsepowers or more tractors to excavate when January is relatively low to 3 lunar regolith moisture content
Machine operation selects 40 horsepowers or more tractor single-row potato excavator operations.Excavating depth is generally 20-30 centimetres.
Mechanical harvest buries the depth into adjusting plough shovel before ground, bury it is simple and easy hinder konjaku, and receive it is unclean, bury it is deep lavish labor on,
Buried konjaku is caused to be difficult to pick up to the greatest extent.Mechanical harvest can improve 20 times of effect or more than manually harvesting, Shou Jing Shuai≤95% or more,
Within Sun Shi Shuai≤5%.Aftercrop mode machine receipts are proposed with, are once harvested again within 5-10 days after harvesting for the first time, are passed through
Soil is of a relatively loose after crossing drying, is easy and fast to receive net konjaku reduction loss.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of konjaku mechanized cultivation method, it is characterised in that the konjaku mechanized cultivation method includes the following steps：
1) mechanized soil preparation operation is harrowed again using first ploughing, and is ploughed 1 time and is harrowed 2~3 times, repeats aforesaid operations 1~5 time, so that ground is flat
Whole, upper Panasonic is real, leakage Pa Shuai≤3%, harrow broken Shuai≤90%；
2) seeder is used to carry out mechanical planting and fertilising, mating artificial mending-leakage operational method of stopping leakage in the roof；
3) mechanical harvest is first to be excavated, and excavating depth is 20~40cm to avoid hindering konjaku or lavish labor on, and is ensured
Net harvesting rate >=95%, loss late≤5%.
2. konjaku mechanized cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that ploughed in the rake 2~3 times of plough No. 1 time
Depth be 60~80cm.
3. konjaku mechanized cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that harrowed in the rake 2~3 times of plough No. 1 time
Depth be 10~50cm.
4. konjaku mechanized cultivation method according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that first in the rake 2~3 times of plough No. 1 time
The depth of secondary rake is 40~50cm, and the depth of second of rake is 20~40cm, and the depth of third time rake is 10~20cm.
5. konjaku mechanized cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the number of operations harrowed again is first ploughed in repetition
It is 3 times.
6. konjaku mechanized cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that 2) further include cultivation and banking after step
Job step.
7. konjaku mechanized cultivation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the cultivation and banking operation be
Konjaku plant is more than that 20cm or more carries out mechanization ridging operation.
8. konjaku mechanized cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the depth of the excavation be 20~
30cm。
9. konjaku mechanized cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the harvest uses aftercrop
Mode is excavated harvest twice.
10. konjaku mechanized cultivation method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that excavate the interval time of harvest twice
It is 5~10 days.
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| CN201810565211.8A CN108476902A (en) | 2018-06-04 | 2018-06-04 | A kind of konjaku mechanized cultivation method |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102257918A (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2011-11-30 | 云南农业大学 | High-quality efficient cultivation method for interplanting amorphopallus xiei H.Li and young-growing hevea brasiliensis |
| CN102550274A (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2012-07-11 | 徐州市农业科学院 | Xunong purple yam big-ridge two-row whole-process mechanized cultivation method |
| CN102986430A (en) * | 2012-11-18 | 2013-03-27 | 云南农业大学 | Anti-season potato mechanization planting matched cultivation technique |
| CN104737768A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-07-01 | 靖江市农机化技术推广服务站 | Efficient culture method of taro |
| CN105123256A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2015-12-09 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | Method for planting oil sunflower in coastal saline soil in high-carbon and high-yield way |
-
2018
- 2018-06-04 CN CN201810565211.8A patent/CN108476902A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102257918A (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2011-11-30 | 云南农业大学 | High-quality efficient cultivation method for interplanting amorphopallus xiei H.Li and young-growing hevea brasiliensis |
| CN102550274A (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2012-07-11 | 徐州市农业科学院 | Xunong purple yam big-ridge two-row whole-process mechanized cultivation method |
| CN102986430A (en) * | 2012-11-18 | 2013-03-27 | 云南农业大学 | Anti-season potato mechanization planting matched cultivation technique |
| CN104737768A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-07-01 | 靖江市农机化技术推广服务站 | Efficient culture method of taro |
| CN105123256A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2015-12-09 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | Method for planting oil sunflower in coastal saline soil in high-carbon and high-yield way |
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