CN108474332B - 无刷直流电机控制装置与操作燃油泵的方法 - Google Patents

无刷直流电机控制装置与操作燃油泵的方法 Download PDF

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CN108474332B
CN108474332B CN201680036074.8A CN201680036074A CN108474332B CN 108474332 B CN108474332 B CN 108474332B CN 201680036074 A CN201680036074 A CN 201680036074A CN 108474332 B CN108474332 B CN 108474332B
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fuel
pump
filter
bldc motor
filter assembly
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CN108474332A (zh
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贾斯汀·R·伯瑞班尼克路
大卫·查普曼
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Clark Co
Clark Engine Mobile Holdings
Parker Hannifin Corp
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Parker Hannifin Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/22—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/22—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
    • F02M37/32—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by filters or filter arrangements
    • F02M37/44—Filters structurally associated with pumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/14—Safety devices specially adapted for filtration; Devices for indicating clogging
    • B01D35/143—Filter condition indicators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
    • B01D36/003—Filters in combination with devices for the removal of liquids
    • B01D36/005—Liquid level sensing means, e.g. for water in gasoil-filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D37/00—Processes of filtration
    • B01D37/04—Controlling the filtration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/3082—Control of electrical fuel pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/04—Feeding by means of driven pumps
    • F02M37/08—Feeding by means of driven pumps electrically driven
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/04—Feeding by means of driven pumps
    • F02M37/08—Feeding by means of driven pumps electrically driven
    • F02M37/10—Feeding by means of driven pumps electrically driven submerged in fuel, e.g. in reservoir
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/04—Feeding by means of driven pumps
    • F02M37/08—Feeding by means of driven pumps electrically driven
    • F02M37/10—Feeding by means of driven pumps electrically driven submerged in fuel, e.g. in reservoir
    • F02M37/106—Feeding by means of driven pumps electrically driven submerged in fuel, e.g. in reservoir the pump being installed in a sub-tank
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/22—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
    • F02M37/24—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by water separating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/12—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps having other positive-displacement pumping elements, e.g. rotary
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C14/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations
    • F04C14/08—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the rotational speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C15/00—Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
    • F04C15/0057—Driving elements, brakes, couplings, transmission specially adapted for machines or pumps
    • F04C15/0061—Means for transmitting movement from the prime mover to driven parts of the pump, e.g. clutches, couplings, transmissions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C15/00—Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
    • F04C15/0057—Driving elements, brakes, couplings, transmission specially adapted for machines or pumps
    • F04C15/008—Prime movers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C15/00—Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
    • F04C15/0096—Heating; Cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/08—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C2/10—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of internal-axis type with the outer member having more teeth or tooth-equivalents, e.g. rollers, than the inner member
    • F04C2/102—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of internal-axis type with the outer member having more teeth or tooth-equivalents, e.g. rollers, than the inner member the two members rotating simultaneously around their respective axes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
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    • F04C2/30—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C2/34—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C2/344—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F04C2/3446—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along more than one line or surface
    • F04C2/3447—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along more than one line or surface the vanes having the form of rollers, slippers or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C23/008—Hermetic pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
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    • F04C29/04—Heating; Cooling; Heat insulation
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F04D13/08—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven for submerged use
    • F04D13/086—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven for submerged use the pump and drive motor are both submerged
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F04D25/08—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation
    • F04D25/082—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation the unit having provision for cooling the motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
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    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/5813—Cooling the control unit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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    • H02K11/0094—Structural association with other electrical or electronic devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
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    • F02M37/08—Feeding by means of driven pumps electrically driven
    • F02M2037/082—Details of the entry of the current supply lines into the pump housing, e.g. wire connectors, grommets, plugs or sockets
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    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/22—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
    • F02M37/54—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by air purging means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F04C2240/00—Components
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    • F04C2240/808—Electronic circuits (e.g. inverters) installed inside the machine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
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    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/0092—Removing solid or liquid contaminants from the gas under pumping, e.g. by filtering or deposition; Purging; Scrubbing; Cleaning

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
  • Control Of Non-Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

一种燃油过滤器总成包括一个无刷直流电机和被配置为在启动时以第一转速运行并在测定变量表明过滤器总成充满燃油时切换到第二转速的控制电路。当将电源施加于控制电路时，第一个转速作为默认启动。如果过滤器总成已维修完毕，则其必须在恢复正常操作之前启动。第一个转速比第二个转速要大得多，以减少启动过滤器总成所需的时间。安装控制电路，以监控与驱动泵所需的转矩相对应的变量。当泵在启动前充满空气时，需要较低扭矩来驱动泵，这与无刷直流电机的电流消耗和功率消耗相对应。

Description

无刷直流电机控制装置与操作燃油泵的方法
技术领域
本说明书涉及燃油过滤器总成，尤其涉及包含电机驱动泵以使燃油通过过滤器总成移动的燃油过滤器总成。
背景技术
燃油过滤器总成被配置为在向如内燃机等消耗燃油的系统配送燃油之前对其进行调节。燃油过滤器总成规定了一个壳体，此壳体规定了路线，使燃油通过一个或多个配置的过滤介质，以便去除颗粒物并将水从燃油中分离。过滤器总成可包括使燃油移动通过过滤器总成的电动泵。驱动泵的电机可以是有刷或无刷电机。无刷电机被称为无刷直流电机，它需要一个驱动电路来产生驱动电机的旋转磁场。无刷直流电机消耗的功率与旋转电机所连接的泵所需的转矩成比例。
过滤器总成中的过滤介质必须定期更换，以保持去除颗粒物和水。过滤介质可包含在可被称为滤筒的一次性壳体中，或可由放置在可重复使用的壳体中的滤芯支承，此壳体可为此目的打开。当更换过滤介质且过滤器总成壳体关闭时，壳体中仍留有大量空气，必须在恢复正常系统操作之前用燃油置换这些空气。用燃油置换空气的过程叫做“灌注(prime)”过滤器总成。为此目的提出了各种手动泵。还提出提供一个单独的泵，这种泵在第一方向上旋转以清空过滤器壳体，并且在维修事件之后反向操作，以灌注过滤器壳体。这些现有技术方法需要额外的组件、连接件和硬件，从而使得过滤器总成复杂化。
本领域内需要一种不需要额外的组件的自吸式燃油过滤器总成。
发明内容
本发明的燃油过滤器总成包括无刷直流电机和配置的控制电路，以便在启动时以第一转速运行，并在测定变量表明过滤器总成充满燃油时，切换到第二转速。当电源施加在控制电路时，默认启动第一转速。如果过滤器总成已维修完毕，则必须在恢复正常操作之前进行灌注。第一转速比第二转速要大得多，以减少灌注过滤器总成所需的时间量。布置控制电路以监控与驱动泵所需的转矩相对应的变量。当泵在灌注前充满空气时，需要低扭矩来驱动泵，这就相当于无刷直流电机处的较低电流消耗和功率消耗。可以在控制电路处监控电流消耗和功率消耗等变量，阈值可用于从初始灌注转速切换到第二、更低的操作转速。过滤器总成出口处的流体压力等变量也可用于此目的。在一个简化的替代方案中，可为灌注转速设定一个预定时间，当过滤器总成充满燃油时，多余的燃油就会被机械调节器排出。
当达到阈值变量值时，控制电路从较高的初始灌注转速切换到较低的稳态运行转速。根据本说明书的各方面，即使测定变量低于阈值变量值，也可配置控制电路以保持稳态转速。
在一个实施例中，电机控制电路被编程为使燃油过滤泵在通电时以高于稳态运行转速的第一、灌注转速操作。
在一个实施例中，电机控制电路被编程为使燃油过滤器泵在高于泵的稳态运行转速的默认转速下操作。
在一个实施例中，电机控制电路被编程为当由驱动泵的电机消耗的电流超过预定阈值时，将驱动燃油过滤泵处于第一、灌注转速切换到驱动燃油过滤泵处于第二、稳态转速。
在一个实施例中，电机控制电路被编程为当由驱动泵的电机消耗的功率超过预定阈值时，将驱动燃油过滤泵处于第一、灌注转速切换到驱动燃油过滤泵处于第二、稳态转速。
本发明的无刷直流电机控制的备选实施例可以包括以下详细说明中所述的一个或多个特征。
附图说明
图1是根据本说明书的各方面的过滤器总成的截面图；
图2说明了滤器壳体和总成排空燃油的维修事件后，在系统启动期间与本发明的过滤器总成和方法相关的变量；
图3说明了当过滤器壳体和总成充满燃油时，在系统启动期间与本发明的过滤器总成和方法相关的变量；
图4说明了过滤器壳体和总成排空燃油的维修事件后，在系统启动期间与本发明的过滤器总成和方法相关的变量；且
图5是说明本发明方法的各个方面的简化操作框图。
具体实施方式
图1是过滤器总成10根据本说明书各方面的一个截面图，过滤器总成10包括无刷直流电机(BLDC电机)12和集成泵14。控制板16在泵壳18的一侧上布置在隔室20中，此隔室部分地由壳体18且部分地由固定在此壳体上的一个盖板22限定。壳体18和盖板22共同为驱动无刷直流电机12的控制板16和电子控制电路17提供了一个密封外壳。无刷直流电机的控制电路是本领域技术人员众所周知的，且此类控制电路通常包括可编程的微控制器和生成驱动无刷直流电机12的旋转磁场必需的部件。可通过使用脉冲宽度调制(PWM)来控制传输到无刷直流电机的功率，以改变传输到电机12的功率的占空比。通过穿过壳体18的壁的导电螺柱24(展示了三个中的一个)将电力从控制板16向无刷直流电机12传输。无刷直流电机12和泵14安装在过滤器总成10的清洁燃油出口26上，并牵引燃油从燃油盒(未示出)通过燃油输送管道，使燃油通过过滤筒30，并通过出口26将燃油送达至诸如高压燃油泵和燃油喷射系统(未示出)等下游发动机总成。
在本发明的实施例中，耦合至无刷直流电机12的泵14是摆线泵(gerotor pump)，可以泵送气体或液体。其他泵的配置可以与本发明的过滤器总成和方法兼容。泵14与环绕滤芯36的壳体34的出口32流体连通地连接，过滤器壳体和滤芯放置在泵14的吸入侧上。或者，可连接泵14，以推动流体通过过滤器壳体和过滤介质。摆线泵是一个“正排量”泵的一个例子，不论压力多大，其中泵送的流体体积对于泵的每次转动都是相同的。
本发明的过滤器总成10是这样的类型，其中可更换过滤器部件携带其自身的壳体34并且通常被称为滤筒30。可选的过滤器总成配置采用一个永久的壳体，此壳体可以打开以拆卸和更换滤芯。在过滤器总成的任何一种形式中，废滤筒或滤芯的更换会导致过滤器总成中有大量的空气。在燃油输送系统恢复服务之前，空气必须被燃油置换，以重新注满过滤器总成10。在维修事件或过滤器总成中的燃油损耗后，将过滤器总成填充燃油的过程被称为“灌注”过滤器总成。
在本发明的过滤器总成10中，控制板16包括控制电路17，此控制电路被配置为操作无刷直流电机12来驱动泵14，以便维持向下游发动机总成(未示出)的恒定流量的加压燃油。控制电路17包括一个微控制器，此微控制器可运行能够实施本发明中操作过滤器总成的方法的固件。过滤器总成10包括一个机械调节器27，用于调节离开过滤器总成的燃油的压力，从而简化了过滤器总成和电机控制软件。在本发明的一个实施例中，电机控制电路17被设置为以固定的转速驱动无刷直流电机12，其中无刷直流电机12和泵14被配置为提供足够的燃油以满足与过滤器总成10连接的发动机的最大需求。在本发明的实施例中，在燃油需求的非高峰期期间，多余的燃油通过机械调节器27排出，并返回过滤器总成10的入口28，多余的燃油在那里通过过滤介质36到达过滤器壳体34的出口32，完成再循环。在本发明的过滤器总成10中，正常运行期间，电机的固定转速大约为3600rpm，电机消耗功率在50至60瓦。在本发明的过滤器总成10中，无刷直流电机12在稳态运行期间大约消耗8安培的电流，并产生大约5bar(72psi)的出口压力。
如图5的框图中所示，当燃油过滤器总成10在维修事件后通电时，大部分过滤器总成都充满空气，在这种情况下，与无刷直流电机12耦合的泵14上的阻力低于泵14充满燃油时的阻力。需要用燃油置换空气，以便连接的发动机恢复运转。在本发明的实施例中，控制电路被编程为以6500rpm的转速驱动无刷直流电机，同时用燃油灌注过滤器总成。以更高转速运行的无刷直流电机和泵减少了用燃油灌注过滤器总成所需的时间。当将空气从过滤器总成中泵出时，无刷直流电机消耗19到21瓦之间的功率，以6500rpm的转速驱动无刷直流电机。当在灌注期间以6500rpm的转速泵送空气时，无刷直流电机大约消耗2安培的电流。
图2图示说明了在本发明实施例中，当灌注过滤器总成时，从过滤器总成获得的测量值。测试是用一个新的干燥的滤筒进行的，且系统的管道已被排空燃油。从上电开始，用了49秒的时间使过滤器总成装满燃油，其中包括将燃油提升到相当于8英尺的垂直高度。当过滤器总成10加燃油时，出口26处的压力累积，无刷直流电机12开始消耗更多电流。测试证明，当灌注基本完成时，无刷直流电机12消耗的电流超过5安培。本发明的控制电路17被编程为监控无刷直流电机10的电流消耗，并且当电流超过5安培时，控制电路17将电机转速降低至3600rpm，在连接至本发明的过滤器总成的发动机的运行期间保持此转速。
图3说明了一个启动序列，其中过滤器总成10已经充满了燃油，就像在没有维修事件的正常启动中一样。不到2秒，系统压力就上升且无刷直流电机12开始消耗超过5安培的电流，并触发切换至3600rpm的运行转速。图3说明了设备正常启动期间本发明的过滤器总成操作。
图4说明了一个启动序列，其中过滤器总成被配置为将燃油提升至相当于10英尺的垂直高度，用一个新的干燥等滤筒进行，且过滤器总成已被排空燃油。本发明的过滤器总成花了52秒完成灌注并使无刷直流电机12超过5安培的电流消耗，并触发切换至较低的3600rpm的运行转速。在此测试期间观察到的最大入口真空度是0.26bar(3.7psi)(7.6in-Hg)。
在本发明的过滤器总成10已经断电并重新启动后，控制电路17将自动默认电机转速为6500rpm。6500rpm相比泵的正常运行转速超过了不止40％，并且可能接近硬件的最高运行转速。无刷直流电机12选择较高的初始转速以最大化本发明过滤器总成的灌注能力。一旦无刷直流电机12的电流消耗达到5安培，则控制电路17切换至3600rpm的正常工作转速，并且只要维持过滤器总成的功率，即使无刷直流电机12消耗的电流低于5安培的阈值，电机转速也将保持在3600rpm。当电源关闭时，控制电路17将默认转速为6500rpm，但如果系统中已经存在燃油，则转速将几乎立即下降为3600rpm，如图2所示。
对无刷直流电机的电流消耗的监控起到代替(proxy)监控无刷直流电机的功率消耗的作用。一种替代的控制方法可监控无刷直流电机消耗的功率和从第一(较高)转速到第二(较低)操作转速的切换：当检测到无刷直流电机12消耗的功率超过功率阈值时进行此切换，且此功率阈值表示燃油过滤器总成10已完成灌注并充满燃油。在本发明的实施例中，当无刷直流电机12消耗的功率超过约40瓦时，过滤器总成10充满燃油，然后可在第二转速下驱动无刷直流电机12，第二转速与过滤器总成的稳态操作相对应。
在另一个可供选择的控制方法中，可将一个压力传感器(未示出)安装在过滤器总成10的出口26处，此压力传感器可用于监控过滤器总成何时完成灌注。可以使用其它控制输入来触发从较高灌注转速到较低稳态转速的转变。还可以将控制电路编程为在预定的时间间隔内以较高灌注转速启动，当过滤器总成充满燃油时，多余的燃油回到过滤器总成入口。

Claims (8)

1.一种燃油过滤器总成包含：
过滤器壳体，所述过滤器壳体环绕滤芯并且被配置为引导燃油通过由滤芯支承的过滤介质，所述过滤器壳体限定针对待过滤的燃油的入口和已过滤燃油被输送通过的出口；
泵壳体，所述泵壳体联接到过滤器壳体并部分地限定在泵壳体的侧部上的隔室；
BLDC电机，所述BLDC电机连接至泵，泵设置为泵送燃油从入口通过过滤器壳体和过滤介质至出口，所述BLDC电机和泵设置在泵壳体内，具有与所述入口流体连通的泵入口；
控制电路，所述控制电路设置在所述隔室内并穿过所述泵壳体的壁连接到所述BLDC电机以便使BLDC电机以多个转速驱动，所述控制电路被配置为使BLDC电机在启动时以第一预定转速驱动并在BLDC电机消耗的电流超过阈值电流时切换到第二预定转速，
其中，所述第一预定转速大于所述第二预定转速。
2.根据权利要求1所述的燃油过滤器总成，其中，即使BLDC电机消耗的电流降至阈值电流以下，所述控制电路也继续使BLDC电机以第二预定转速驱动。
3.根据权利要求1所述的燃油过滤器总成，其中，所述第一预定转速比所述第二预定转速大至少30％。
4.根据权利要求1所述的燃油过滤器总成，其中，所述第一预定转速比所述第二预定转速大至少40％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的燃油过滤器总成，其中，所述BLDC电机在启动时消耗的低于阈值电流的电流与填充有空气的过滤器壳体相对应，并且所述BLDC电机消耗的高于所述阈值电流的电流与填充有燃油的过滤器壳体相对应。
6.根据权利要求1所述的燃油过滤器总成，其中，所述泵连接至所述出口并抽吸燃油通过所述壳体和过滤介质。
7.一种操作燃油过滤器总成的方法包括：
过滤器壳体，所述过滤器壳体环绕滤芯并且被配置为引导燃油通过由滤芯支承的过滤介质，所述过滤器壳体限定针对待过滤的燃油的入口和已过滤燃油被输送通过的出口；
泵壳体，所述泵壳体联接到过滤器壳体并部分地限定在泵壳体的侧部上的隔室；
燃油泵，所述燃油泵由BLDC电机驱动并且设置为泵送燃油通过在具有入口和出口的壳体中支承的过滤介质，所述BLDC电机和泵设置在泵壳体内，具有与所述入口流体连通的泵入口；以及
控制电路，所述控制电路设置在所述隔室内并穿过所述泵壳体的壁连接到所述BLDC电机以便使BLDC电机以多个转速驱动，所述方法包括下列步骤：
当燃油过滤器总成通电时，使BLDC电机以第一预定转速驱动，
监控BLDC电机消耗的功率，以及
当BLDC电机消耗的功率超过阈值功率时，使BLDC电机以比所述第一预定转速低至少20％的第二预定转速驱动，并且即使所述BLDC电机消耗的功率降至所述阈值功率以下，也维持所述第二预定转速。
8.根据权利要求7所述的操作燃油过滤器总成的方法，其中，所述第二预定转速比所述第一预定转速低至少40％。
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