CN108472400A - 活性液体剂如杀虫剂、香料、清洁剂或消毒剂的扩散器及制法 - Google Patents

活性液体剂如杀虫剂、香料、清洁剂或消毒剂的扩散器及制法 Download PDF

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CN108472400A
CN108472400A CN201680077036.7A CN201680077036A CN108472400A CN 108472400 A CN108472400 A CN 108472400A CN 201680077036 A CN201680077036 A CN 201680077036A CN 108472400 A CN108472400 A CN 108472400A
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CN108472400B (zh
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F·马切蒂
S·德弗洛里安
F·佐贝勒
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Zobele Holding SpA
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Abstract

一种用于处理流体环境的活性液体剂的扩散器，该流体环境处于气体或液体状态，该扩散器包括活性液体剂的容器(1)，该容器由格栅部件封闭，该格栅部件适合将所述活性液体剂保持就位，并允许该活性液体剂的流体发散，所述格栅部件由阻挡薄膜覆盖，该阻挡薄膜可在第一次使用时剥离，以便使得所述格栅部件可操作，其中：所述容器(1)由单个多层薄膜(2、3a、3b)封闭，该单个多层薄膜包括至少一个外部阻挡层(3a)和至少另一内部密封层(2)，所述至少另一内部密封层(2)适合将所述活性液体剂保持就位，并在容器第一次使用时在同时除去所述阻挡薄膜和所述密封层(2)的预定部分(4)之后形成所述格栅部件。

Description

活性液体剂如杀虫剂、香料、清洁剂或消毒剂的扩散器及制法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种活性液体剂(例如杀虫剂、香料、清洁剂或消毒剂)的扩散器，该活性液体剂用于处理周围流体环境，该流体环境处于气体或液体状态下，该活性液体剂浸透在固体或凝胶状支承件中。这种扩散器的类型为具有由活性液体剂的固体或凝胶状支承件的容纳格栅以及由可拆卸阻挡薄膜来封闭的至少一个壁，该阻挡薄膜为流体不可渗透，它在扩散器的储存和运输步骤中覆盖活性液体剂和格栅。本发明还涉及这种扩散器的制造方法。
背景技术
包括上述类型的盒形容器的装置为本领域中公知的；它们用于补充大量供给的活性液体剂，正如处理液体或气体环境的很多产品的情况，该活性液体剂可在所述环境包含的流体中充分溶解或蒸发，以便使得活性液体剂通过所述格栅向环境缓慢释放。所述发散可能借助于在装置周围流动的流体的另外加热而加速。
在已知的扩散器中，格栅具有以下功能：
-将活性液体剂支承件保持在扩散器内部的正确和稳定的位置；
-避免在活性液体剂和用户身体的手或其它部位之间接触；
-一旦外部阻挡层除去，就将允许活性液体剂向周围环境发散；
并由固体材料制成，优选为注射模制塑料材料。
如前所述，为了防止在用户首次使用扩散器之前开始活性液体剂的扩散，流体不可渗透的阻挡薄膜施加在格栅的外侧。在格栅材料和阻挡薄膜之间的稳定粘接通过粘接剂或通过热焊接而获得。在这两个元件之间的粘接强度必须足够高，以便防止活性液体剂在格栅和阻挡薄膜之间泄漏，或者防止阻挡薄膜在运输、储存和销售的过程中意外脱落，但该粘接强度仍然足够低，以便允许用户在使用时在没有过度力的情况下除去阻挡薄膜。
通常，扩散器本体的其余表面包括塑料材料的连续壁，活性液体剂不能穿过该连续壁；能够在扩散器本体的相对侧上也提供第二格栅，以便具有更高的活性液体剂总发散速率。
下面介绍这种现有方案的缺点：
-如上所述，格栅通常由注射模制塑料材料制成；这涉及除了容器之外的分开元件的生产，该分开元件有它自身的生产成本以及在施加隔离薄膜之前将它装配在扩散器本体上的附加成本；
-阻挡薄膜在格栅上的施加过程具有特定的复杂性(标签定位、注射模制件的不平性、部件之间的定位差异等)，可能导致制造品的最终质量受损；
-活性物质可以在它的施加过程中与粘接剂层相互作用，或妨碍热焊接处理，从而导致阻挡薄膜与格栅较早地分离。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的是提供一种用于扩散器的结构，它：
-通过减少要制造的零件的数量和因此简化装配步骤，从而克服在已知类型扩散器的制造处理中的上述缺陷；
-对于阻隔薄膜的粘接稳定性和(因此)任何可能的活性液体剂泄漏，提供了更好的性能；
-使得用户能够更容易地启动扩散器的激活功能的操作；以及最后，
-与已知技术的扩散器相比，降低了制造成本。
这些多重目的通过活性液体剂的扩散器来完全实现，该活性液体剂用于处理流体环境，该流体环境处于气体或液体状态，这种扩散器包括活性液体剂的容器(1)，该容器由格栅部件来封闭，该格栅部件适合将所述活性液体剂保持就位，并允许该活性液体剂的流体发散，所述格栅部件由阻挡薄膜覆盖，该阻挡薄膜可在第一次使用时剥离，以便使得所述格栅部件可操作，其中，所述容器(1)由单个多层薄膜(2、3a、3b)封闭，该单个多层薄膜包括至少一个外部阻挡层(3a)和至少另一内部密封层(2)，该内部密封层适合将所述活性液体剂保持就位，并在容器第一次使用时在除去所述阻挡薄膜和所述密封层(2)的预定部分(4)之后形成所述格栅部件。
本发明的其它优选特征在从属权利要求中公开。
附图说明
通过下面对本发明的一些优选实施例的详细说明，将更清楚本发明的其它特征和优点，该优选实施例只是提供为非限定实例，并在附图中表示，附图中：
图1是根据本发明第一实施例的扩散器在使用之前处于封闭结构的透视图；
图2是类似于图1的、在通过剥离而除去封闭扩散器的多层薄膜的一部分时的视图；
图3是类似于图2的透视图，其中，所述封闭薄膜的一部分完全除去；
图4a和4b分别是整个封闭薄膜(图1)和所述薄膜的一部分的示意放大剖视图，该部分在扩散器装置(图3)打开之后保持粘接在容器上；
图5是本发明的扩散器的第二实施例的分解透视图；
图6是与图5类似的、在密封薄膜除去之后的视图；
图7是本发明的扩散器的第三实施例的分解透视图；以及
图8是与图7类似的、在密封薄膜除去之后的视图。
具体实施方式
如图1至3中所示，根据本发明的扩散器包括用于活性液体剂的容器本体1，以及焊接在该本体1上的多层密封薄膜3。活性液体剂可以完全浸透在固体或凝胶状支承件中，或者它能够容纳在储存器中，该储存器通过固体支承件而与多层密封薄膜分离，该固体支承件适合由活性液体剂浸透，因此该固体支承件用作吸芯。因此，在任何情况下，多层密封薄膜3都在内部与固体接触，而在外部与成气体或液体状态的环境流体接触。
根据本发明，多层密封薄膜3直接施加在容器1的边缘上，并能够用作格栅和阻挡层，在已知的扩散器中，其功能通过两个分开的部件来执行。为了实现这种新颖和引人注目的方案，封闭多层薄膜包括以下连接的层：
-内部密封层2，该内部密封层适合将活性液体剂的固体或凝胶状支承件保持在稳定位置，该内部密封层有根据预定图形的切口内部结构，该切口再穿过所述层的整个厚度延伸；
-外部阻挡层3a，该外部阻挡层适合防止活性液体剂向外泄漏；
-中间释放层3b，当足够的拉力施加在阻挡材料的外部层3a上时(通过它的凸出的拉片3')，该中间释放层适合方便通过在所述中间释放层3b和内部层2之间的剥离而脱离。
可选地，还一层(图中未示出)能够施加在阻挡材料的外部层3a上，整体赋予相同的附加化学和/或机械保护。
本发明的封闭多层薄膜的内部层2能够确定为“提供有切口的内部结构”的层，或者更简单地确定为“结构化”的层，因为该层根据一个或多个合适形状的闭合线而在它的整个深度上切割，该闭合线界定了切口区域4的周边，因此该切口区域不再与薄膜2的其余部分侧向连接。因此，当通过拉片3’上的撕开动作而除去封闭多层薄膜3(即两个层3a和3b)的可剥离部分时，层2的切口区域4保持粘接在覆盖层3b上，并与它一起除去，而在容器1的自由表面上只保留了密封层2的、没有切口区域4的部分5，因此有多个孔6。这样，密封层2的该部分5因此能够执行与上面对于已知技术的扩散器的格栅所述相同的功能，即，将固体或凝胶状活性液体剂支承件保持就位，同时允许试剂分别以蒸气或溶液的形式向处于气体或液体状态的周围流体环境发散。
为了使得密封层2的切口区域4保持粘接在层3b上，同时层2的部分5保持粘接在容器的边缘上，进行如下操作就足够：一方面，注意以特别精确的方式(例如通过热焊接)将封闭多层薄膜的轮廓(因此它的内部密封层2)固定在容器1的上部凸缘边缘上，这样，该固定在与容器1脱离方面提供了很大的机械强度。另一方面，切口区域的结构形成在密封层2中并有以下的构造：切口区域由封闭的周边来界定；切口贯穿密封层2的整个厚度；切口区域优选是不交叉；且优选是，切口区域不在层2的周边区域中延伸，这样，该层的剩余部分5在除去所述切口区域4之后仍然有足够的机械强度。
以这种方式，当通过剥离，通过拉动拉片3’而除去封闭多层薄膜的阻挡部分3a和3b时，密封层2的周边边缘(如上所述，该周边边缘牢固固定在容器1的凸缘边缘上)与相同层的剩余部分5一起保持粘接在容器1上；而切口区域4将由于它们粘接在释放层3b上而将被除去，该切口区域由于所述切口而不再侧向与密封薄膜2的其余部分连接。
所述闭合周边切口线的深度不需要严格限制于层2，而是它能够进一步延伸至释放层3b内，还能够影响该释放层3b的整个厚度，从而使得在制造处理中切割深度的调节并不关键。显然，优选是切割动作并不到达通常为铝的阻挡层3a，以便不会有损坏该层的完整性的危险，该动作将降低本发明的封闭多层薄膜的整体阻挡性能。
用于制造根据本发明的这种封闭多层薄膜的切割处理是提供为用于标准形状填充密封机器类型的处理，通常用于软包装工业，并在容器1的密封封闭之前的阶段中执行密封层2的切割操作。这样，能够更容易地获得不同切口区域4相对于容器1的空腔内部的良好定位。
切口能够机械地完成，其中，刀片设计成到达在密封层2和可选的释放层3b内部的特定深度。也可选择，切割能够使用热作用刀(热切割器)，该热作用刀(热切割器)能够溶解塑料材料层2。优选是，切割将使用激光切割技术来执行，其中，施加功率控制能够以非常精确的方式来执行，以便获得特定的理想切割深度。后一种方法特别优选，因为它不涉及根据切割图形的专用机械设备，因此能够通过相同切割机器来获得不同图形的切口区域4，从而能够只通过合适编程所述切割机器而制造具有不同特征和性能的产品。显然，切口区域4的分布和几何形状将根据具体应用要求而不时确定。
下面将参考一些具体应用实例来介绍本发明的活性液体剂扩散器。
实施例1-在固体支承件上的活性液体剂的容器(图1-3)
容器1由1.5mm厚的PE塑料材料制成，注射模制成圆形杯形状，具有50mm的直径。
纤维素垫布置在该容器1内部，浸渍有活性液体物质(香料、杀菌剂、杀虫剂等)具有与圆形杯的内径相似的尺寸，以便在容器内找到稳定的位置。
根据本发明的封闭多层薄膜位于容器的顶部上，并热密封在容器1的杯的轮廓凸缘上。
封闭多层薄膜从内向外包括PE密封层2、PP释放层3b、铝阻挡箔3a(该铝阻挡箔3a用作阻挡层)和另外的外部PET保护层。
PE密封层2根据多个切口区域4来切割，该切口区域有直径为大约2mm的圆形几何形状。它们的位置对应于容器1的中心区域以规则方式分布。
当铝阻挡层3a与PP释放层3b一起除去时，与在密封层2中形成的上述多个切口区域4对应的PE材料同时除去，从而产生在所述PE密封层2中的圆形孔6。通过这些孔6，浸透在垫中的活性物质能够发散-以蒸气或溶液的形式，取决于容器1是位于气体环境中还是液体环境中-，而垫自身保持就位，并防止内部PE密封层2的其余部分5与用户接触。
实施例2-具有吸芯的活性液体剂的容器(图5-6)
在本例中，容器1包括PET/EVOH/PE的板，厚度为450微米，热成形为具有平的周边凸缘和中心空腔，该中心空腔包括两个不同深度的区域；更确切地说，一个区域有大约20mm的更大深度，用于容纳活性液体剂8，一个区域向上伸长，具有大约2mm的更小深度。
多孔纤维素元件7布置在容器1和封闭多层薄膜3之间，该多孔纤维素元件为Y形，厚度为大约2mm，用作吸芯，因此防止在所述多层薄膜3和活性液体剂8之间的直接接触。吸芯7的细长部分布置在热形成容器1的更小深度的空腔中，而Y形的两个分叉端部布置在形成于周边凸缘中的相应薄厚度空腔中。
与前面的实例相同，封闭多层薄膜包括PE密封层2、PP释放层3b、铝阻挡箔3a和另外的PET外部保护层。
PE密封层2根据圆形切口区域来切割，以便在剥离阻挡层3a和释放层3b(通过作用在拉片3’上)之后在该PE密封层2中产生10mm直径的单个圆形孔6，该圆形孔6在面对芯的中心部分的区域中。优选是，在将多层薄膜施加在容器1上的处理中，各圆形孔6的边缘焊接至芯7上，以避免活性液体剂在芯和多层薄膜之间的任何可能泄漏。
然后，这样形成的容器能够直接与加热装置连接，以便在高于室温的控制温度下获得活性液体剂的发散。
实施例3-具有吸芯的活性液体剂的容器(图7-8)
容器1以与实例2中所述相同的方式形成，类似的吸芯7布置在该容器1中。如在前面的实例中，闭合多层薄膜包括PE密封层2、PP释放层3b、铝阻挡箔3a和另外的PET外部保护层，其中，圆形孔6如在实例2中切割。
不过，与前面的实例不同，多层薄膜的PE密封层能够只对于活性液体剂的蒸气可渗透。另外，在本申请人的意大利专利申请No.102015000022867中详细介绍的方式中，引导件9和切口线10形成在阻挡层3a上。
在这种组合方案中，当用户通过剥离阻挡层3a来驱动装置时，阻挡层只除去它的上部部分，同时它在下部部分中保持完整，该下部部分覆盖活性液体剂储存器8的、具有更大深度的部分。
由于这种结构，因此能够以在上述专利中所述的相同方式来使用本发明的扩散器，即通过只利用活性物质的自然蒸发速率，或可以通过使得扩散器与加热装置组合，以便通过吸芯7和孔6来获得增加的活性液体剂发散。
不过，应当理解，本发明并不认为由上面所示的特殊结构来限制，该特殊结构只表示本发明的示例实施方式，但是在本领域技术人员的能力范围内能够有不同的变化形式，而并不脱离由下面的权利要求确定的本发明范围。

Claims (17)

1.一种用于处理流体环境的活性液体剂的扩散器，该流体环境处于气体或液体状态，该扩散器包括活性液体剂的容器(1)，该容器由格栅部件来封闭，该格栅部件适合将所述活性液体剂保持就位，并允许该活性液体剂的流体发散，所述格栅部件由阻挡薄膜覆盖，该阻挡薄膜可在第一次使用时剥离，以便使得所述格栅部件可操作，其特征在于：所述容器(1)由单个多层薄膜(3)封闭，该单个多层薄膜包括至少一个外部阻挡层(3a)和至少另一内部密封层(2)，且所述至少另一内部密封层适合将所述活性液体剂保持就位，并在容器第一次使用时在同时除去所述阻挡薄膜和所述密封层(2)的预定部分(4)之后形成所述格栅部件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的扩散器，其中：所述多层薄膜(3)还包括在所述阻挡层(3a)和所述密封层(2)之间的中间释放层(3b)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的扩散器，其中：所述多层薄膜(3)包括：
-内部密封层(2)，该内部密封层适合将活性液体剂支承件保持在稳定位置，该内部密封层在内部构成为有切口，这些切口根据预定图形穿过所述内部密封层的整个厚度；
-外部阻挡层(3a)，该外部阻挡层适合防止活性液体剂向外泄漏；
-中间释放层(3b)，该中间释放层适合在足够拉力赋予外部阻挡层(3a)时通过在所述中间释放层(3b)和内部密封层(2)之间剥离而促进脱开。
4.根据权利要求3所述的扩散器，其中：所述多层薄膜(3)包括PE塑料材料的内部密封层(2)、PP塑料材料的中间释放层(3b)和铝的外部阻挡层(3a)。
5.根据权利要求3所述的扩散器，其中：所述多层薄膜(3)还包括在所述外部阻挡层(3a)外侧的还一层PET塑料材料，用于附加的化学和/或机械保护。
6.根据前述任意一项权利要求所述的扩散器，其中：密封材料(2)的所述多层薄膜的周边内边缘热焊接在所述容器(1)的凸缘边缘上。
7.根据前述任意一项权利要求所述的扩散器，其中：所述内部密封层(2)有切口的内部结构，该切口根据一个或多个闭合线而至少在该内部密封层的整个深度上延伸，该一个或多个闭合线界定可除去区域(4)的周边，该可除去区域不再与所述内部密封层(2)的剩余部分侧向连接。
8.根据权利要求7所述的扩散器，其中：所述内部密封层(2)的所述可除去区域(4)在除去所述外部阻挡层(3a)之后保持粘接在所述外部阻挡层(3a)上，从而在所述内部密封层(2)中留下相应的空腔。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任意一项所述的扩散器，其中：所述活性液体剂浸透至固体或凝胶状支承件中。
10.根据权利要求1至8中任意一项所述的扩散器，其中：所述活性液体剂通过用作吸芯的多孔固体支承件(7)而与所述多层薄膜(3)分离。
11.根据权利要求10所述的扩散器，其中：所述内部密封层(2)对于所述活性液体剂的蒸气可透过。
12.根据权利要求10或11所述的扩散器，其中：所述内部密封层(2)与形成于其中的所述孔(6)的边缘对应地焊接在用作吸芯的所述多孔固体支承体(7)上。
13.根据前述任意一项权利要求所述的扩散器的制造方法，其特征在于，它包括以下步骤：
-形成多层薄膜，该多层薄膜有至少一个内部密封层(2)和至少一个外部阻挡层(3a)，释放层(3b)布置在它们之间；
-根据确定可除去区域(4)的预定图形，根据闭合周边切口线来切割至少所述内部密封层(2)，该闭合周边切口线穿过所述至少一个内部密封层的整个厚度延伸，该可除去区域不再与所述内部密封层(2)的其余部分侧向连接；
-将所述多层薄膜的内边缘施加和精确焊接在所述容器(1)的凸缘边缘上。
14.根据权利要求13所述的制造方法，其中：所述切口线至少局部延伸至所述中间释放层(3b)中。
15.根据权利要求13和14中任意一项所述的制造方法，其中：通过切割刀片以控制的切割深度机械地完成所述切口线。
16.根据权利要求13和14中任意一项所述的制造方法，其中：通过热作用刀以控制的切割深度热机械地完成所述切口线。
17.根据权利要求13和14中任意一项所述的制造方法，其中：通过激光切割来完成所述切口线，从而通过控制施加的功率来调节切割深度。
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