CN108402380A - 一种食品干燥剂的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种食品干燥剂的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108402380A CN108402380A CN201810137646.2A CN201810137646A CN108402380A CN 108402380 A CN108402380 A CN 108402380A CN 201810137646 A CN201810137646 A CN 201810137646A CN 108402380 A CN108402380 A CN 108402380A
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- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
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- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
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- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 108010046377 Whey Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 102000007544 Whey Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
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- 206010001497 Agitation Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
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- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002390 rotary evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, potassium salt (1:1), (2E,4E)- Chemical compound [K+].CC=CC=CC([O-])=O CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical class [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940069338 potassium sorbate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010241 potassium sorbate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004302 potassium sorbate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
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- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- UGTZMIPZNRIWHX-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium trimetaphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P1(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)O1 UGTZMIPZNRIWHX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 7
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 hydrogen Calcium oxide Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23L3/3562—Sugars; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23L3/3472—Compounds of undetermined constitution obtained from animals or plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23L3/3481—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- A23L3/349—Organic compounds containing oxygen with singly-bound oxygen
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23L3/3481—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- A23L3/3508—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing carboxyl groups
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23L3/3481—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- A23L3/3508—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing carboxyl groups
- A23L3/3517—Carboxylic acid esters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23L3/3526—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/358—Inorganic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/40—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by drying or kilning; Subsequent reconstitution
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
- B01D53/263—Drying gases or vapours by absorption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Freezing, Cooling And Drying Of Foods (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种食品干燥剂的制备方法，属于干燥剂领域。本发明以可溶性淀粉为原料，三偏磷酸钠为交联剂，以大豆油为油相，采用反相悬浮聚合的方法制备得到的淀粉微球，并加入了易于分散的聚乙二醇作为致孔剂，增大了孔径和比表面积，其具有吸湿能力，可以从空气中吸收水蒸气，淀粉颗粒表面存在微孔使得淀粉颗粒具有较大的比表面积可以促进水蒸气的凝结，其具有优秀的生物相容性，无毒、可生物降解，可用于食品干燥剂，对环境不会造成危害。本发明解决了目前食品干燥剂易污染环境，干燥效率过低的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于干燥剂领域，具体涉及一种食品干燥剂的制备方法。
背景技术
大部分食品从出厂到销售使用，为防止其腐败变质需保证其干燥，往往会用到食品干燥剂，干燥剂又称减湿剂，是通过物理或化学吸附方式吸收水蒸气或潮气的物质，以此达到保持物品的质量，目前被广泛用于食品、医药、化工等领域。食品干燥剂是在食品包装过程重要的保护剂，尤其是对具有吸潮的食品，常用的方法就是在其包装内放置袋装干燥剂，目前干燥剂多使用硅胶，生石灰或使用其他复合型干燥剂。传统干燥剂只能保持食品的干燥从而控制细菌的快速繁殖，不具备抗菌剂的效应。而抗菌型干燥剂可以制微生物生长或将其杀灭，这种干燥剂以凹凸棒粘土为载体显著地降低了成本，作为抗菌组分的金属银离子在抗菌剂中易转化成金属银，金属银又会转化成氧化银，从而影响抗菌持久性。由于目前使用的食品干燥剂以硅胶、蒙脱石和生石灰为原料制备而成的居多，具有环境不友好、误食产生危险等问题。为解决这类问题，有一些天然可食性的干燥剂被开发出来，如淀粉类的干燥剂等，但这些存在结构疏松、吸湿性能和保水性能不够的问题。此外，食品在储藏过程中会因为氧化而变质，常常需要在包装内充入惰性气体进行保护，不仅成本高，而且操作不方便。
总结来说，目前市场上所生产的干燥剂主要存在以下的缺陷：现有的干燥剂均带有一定量的毒性，且易污染环境，干燥效率过低的缺陷。
因此，我们有必要重新的设计制备出一种新型的食品干燥剂，以此来解决现如今市场上的食品干燥剂的所存在的技术性缺陷，以此来更好的推动我国食品行业的发展。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题：针对目前食品干燥剂易污染环境，干燥效率过低的问题，提供一种食品干燥剂的制备方法。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用如下所述的技术方案是：
一种食品干燥剂的制备方法，其特征在于，该制备方法包括如下步骤：
（1）取可溶性淀粉按质量比1：6加入蒸馏水混合，升温至60~65℃糊化30~40min，得糊化液，取大豆油按质量比20：1加入吐温-80混合，于50~60℃保持1~2h，得混合液，取糊化液按质量比10：3加入混合液，于400r/min、40~45℃搅拌混合50~60min，得搅拌混合液；
（2）按质量份数计，取15~20份搅拌混合液、5~7份聚乙二醇、2~3份三偏磷酸钠、30~40份蒸馏水，于40~45℃反应3~4h，离心，取沉淀依次用无水乙醇、蒸馏水、丙酮洗涤，取洗涤物按质量比2：9加入无水乙醇，回流保持1~2h，旋转蒸发，干燥，得干燥物，备用；
（3）取海泡石按质量比1：20加入蒸馏水混合，于170~180℃搅拌混合2~3h，抽滤，取滤渣A于110~120℃下干燥12~15h，粉碎过100目筛，收集过筛颗粒，取过筛颗粒物按质量比5：2：10加入氢氧化钙、竹糠混合，再加入过筛颗粒物质量3~5倍的去离子水，于30MPa、210~220℃保持18~24h，冷却，过滤，取滤渣B干燥，研磨粉碎，得粉碎颗粒；
（4）取乳清分离蛋白、酪蛋白酸钠按质量比2：3：10加入去离子水，于25~30℃磁力搅拌2~3h，升温至80~85℃保持20~30min，冷却至室温，得冷却物，取冷却物按质量比5~8：12~15：2~3加入甘油、山梨酸钾，于30~35℃搅拌混合1~2h，得搅拌混合物，取搅拌混合物按质量比3~5：8~10：8~12加入步骤（2）备用的干燥物、粉碎颗粒混合，于60~65℃干燥 4~6小时，再于25~28℃、湿度为45~55%恒温恒湿平衡36~48h，得食品干燥剂。
本发明与其他方法相比，有益技术效果是：
（1）本发明以可溶性淀粉为原料，三偏磷酸钠为交联剂，以大豆油为油相，采用反相悬浮聚合的方法制备得到的淀粉微球，并加入了易于分散的聚乙二醇作为致孔剂，增大了孔径和比表面积，其具有吸湿能力，可以从空气中吸收水蒸气，淀粉颗粒表面存在微孔使得淀粉颗粒具有较大的比表面积可以促进水蒸气的凝结，其具有优秀的生物相容性，无毒、可生物降解，可用于食品干燥剂，对环境不会造成危害；
（2）本发明以海泡石和竹屑为原料，利用水热固化技术在较低温度（<200℃）下，合成具有一定调湿性能的食品干燥剂的添加物质，使其具有较大的比表面积和多孔结构，具有较强的毛细作用，其表面有丰富的羟基基团，其具有很强的亲水作用，其可以将一部分淀粉微球中吸收的水分进行再吸收，吸水后膨胀，炭化后的竹糠可以在较低的湿度下起到吸湿作用，共同吸收水分之后，海泡石除具有吸湿作用外，还有保水作用，可以对淀粉微球进行一定程度的再干燥，有效防止了逆吸附，干燥后的淀粉微球能再次从空气中吸收水分，提高了干燥效率和延长了干燥剂的使用时间；
（3）本发明以乳清分离蛋白、酪蛋白酸钠为原料，具有较好的成膜特性，辅以甘油和山梨酸钾，制备一种抗菌类的蛋白膜，包裹于干燥剂主要组分的外周，甘油中含有多个羟基，极性较大，易于吸水，且甘油比例的增加使膜结构疏松，水蒸气容易透过分子间空隙透过薄膜，干燥剂主要成分依然可以通过薄膜吸收空气中的水分，发挥干燥作用，该薄膜可以作为抗菌剂良好的释放载体，减缓抗菌剂与食品内部的反应，辅助延长食品的保质期，可分解，绿色环保。
具体实施方式
可溶性淀粉：购于沁阳市新兴化工有限公司。
一种食品干燥剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）取可溶性淀粉按质量比1：6加入蒸馏水混合，升温至60~65℃糊化30~40min，得糊化液，取大豆油按质量比20：1加入吐温-80混合，于50~60℃保持1~2h，得混合液，取糊化液按质量比10：3加入混合液，于400r/min、40~45℃搅拌混合50~60min，得搅拌混合液；
（2）按质量份数计，取15~20份搅拌混合液、5~7份聚乙二醇、2~3份三偏磷酸钠、30~40份蒸馏水，于40~45℃反应3~4h，离心，取沉淀依次用无水乙醇、蒸馏水、丙酮洗涤，取洗涤物按质量比2：9加入无水乙醇，50~60℃回流保持1~2h，旋转蒸发，干燥，得干燥物，备用；
（3）取海泡石按质量比1：20加入蒸馏水混合，于170~180℃搅拌混合2~3h，抽滤，取滤渣A于110~120℃下干燥12~15h，粉碎过100目筛，收集过筛颗粒，取过筛颗粒物按质量比5：2：10加入氢氧化钙、竹糠混合，再加入过筛颗粒物质量3~5倍的去离子水，于30MPa、210~220℃保持18~24h，冷却，过滤，取滤渣B干燥，研磨粉碎，得粉碎颗粒；
（4）取乳清分离蛋白、酪蛋白酸钠按质量比2：3：10加入去离子水，于25~30℃磁力搅拌2~3h，升温至80~85℃保持20~30min，冷却至室温，得冷却物，取冷却物按质量比5~8：12~15：2~3加入甘油和山梨酸钾，于30~35℃搅拌混合1~2h，得搅拌混合物，取搅拌混合物按质量比3~5：8~10：8~12加入步骤（2）备用的干燥物、粉碎颗粒混合，于60~65℃干燥 4~6小时，再于25~28℃、湿度为45~55%恒温恒湿平衡36~48h，得食品干燥剂。
实施例1
可溶性淀粉：购于沁阳市新兴化工有限公司。
一种食品干燥剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）取可溶性淀粉按质量比1：6加入蒸馏水混合，升温至60℃糊化30min，得糊化液，取大豆油按质量比20：1加入吐温-80混合，于50℃保持1h，得混合液，取糊化液按质量比10：3加入混合液，于400r/min、40℃搅拌混合50min，得搅拌混合液；
（2）按质量份数计，取15份搅拌混合液、5份聚乙二醇、2份三偏磷酸钠、30份蒸馏水，于40℃反应3h，离心，取沉淀依次用无水乙醇、蒸馏水、丙酮洗涤，取洗涤物按质量比2：9加入无水乙醇，50℃回流保持1h，旋转蒸发，干燥，得干燥物，备用；
（3）取海泡石按质量比1：20加入蒸馏水混合，于170℃搅拌混合2h，抽滤，取滤渣A于110℃下干燥12h，粉碎过100目筛，收集过筛颗粒，取过筛颗粒物按质量比5：2：10加入氢氧化钙、竹糠混合，再加入过筛颗粒物质量3倍的去离子水，于30MPa、210℃保持18h，冷却，过滤，取滤渣B干燥，研磨粉碎，得粉碎颗粒；
（4）取乳清分离蛋白、酪蛋白酸钠按质量比2：3：10加入去离子水，于25℃磁力搅拌2h，升温至80℃保持20min，冷却至室温，得冷却物，取冷却物按质量比5：12：2加入甘油和山梨酸钾，于30℃搅拌混合1h，得搅拌混合物，取搅拌混合物按质量比3：8：8加入步骤（2）备用的干燥物、粉碎颗粒混合，于60℃干燥 4小时，再于 25℃、湿度为45%恒温恒湿平衡36h，得食品干燥剂。
实施例2
可溶性淀粉：购于沁阳市新兴化工有限公司。
一种食品干燥剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）取可溶性淀粉按质量比1：6加入蒸馏水混合，升温至65℃糊化40min，得糊化液，取大豆油按质量比20：1加入吐温-80混合，于60℃保持2h，得混合液，取糊化液按质量比10：3加入混合液，于400r/min、45℃搅拌混合60min，得搅拌混合液；
（2）按质量份数计，取20份搅拌混合液、7份聚乙二醇、3份三偏磷酸钠、40份蒸馏水，于45℃反应4h，离心，取沉淀依次用无水乙醇、蒸馏水、丙酮洗涤，取洗涤物按质量比2：9加入无水乙醇，60℃回流保持2h，旋转蒸发，干燥，得干燥物，备用；
（3）取海泡石按质量比1：20加入蒸馏水混合，于180℃搅拌混合3h，抽滤，取滤渣A于120℃下干燥15h，粉碎过100目筛，收集过筛颗粒，取过筛颗粒物按质量比5：2：10加入氢氧化钙、竹糠混合，再加入过筛颗粒物质量5倍的去离子水，于30MPa、220℃保持24h，冷却，过滤，取滤渣B干燥，研磨粉碎，得粉碎颗粒；
（4）取乳清分离蛋白、酪蛋白酸钠按质量比2：3：10加入去离子水，于30℃磁力搅拌3h，升温至85℃保持30min，冷却至室温，得冷却物，取冷却物按质量比8：15：3加入甘油和山梨酸钾，于35℃搅拌混合2h，得搅拌混合物，取搅拌混合物按质量比5：10：12加入步骤（2）备用的干燥物、粉碎颗粒混合，于65℃干燥 6小时，再于28℃、湿度为55%恒温恒湿平衡48h，得食品干燥剂。
实施例3
可溶性淀粉：购于沁阳市新兴化工有限公司。
一种食品干燥剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）取可溶性淀粉按质量比1：6加入蒸馏水混合，升温至63℃糊化35min，得糊化液，取大豆油按质量比20：1加入吐温-80混合，于55℃保持1.5h，得混合液，取糊化液按质量比10：3加入混合液，于400r/min、43℃搅拌混合55min，得搅拌混合液；
（2）按质量份数计，取17.5份搅拌混合液、6份聚乙二醇、2.5份三偏磷酸钠、35份蒸馏水，于43℃反应3.5h，离心，取沉淀依次用无水乙醇、蒸馏水、丙酮洗涤，取洗涤物按质量比2：9加入无水乙醇，55℃回流保持1.5h，旋转蒸发，干燥，得干燥物，备用；
（3）取海泡石按质量比1：20加入蒸馏水混合，于175℃搅拌混合2.5h，抽滤，取滤渣A于115℃下干燥13.5h，粉碎过100目筛，收集过筛颗粒，取过筛颗粒物按质量比5：2：10加入氢氧化钙、竹糠混合，再加入过筛颗粒物质量4倍的去离子水，于30MPa、215℃保持21h，冷却，过滤，取滤渣B干燥，研磨粉碎，得粉碎颗粒；
（4）取乳清分离蛋白、酪蛋白酸钠按质量比2：3：10加入去离子水，于27℃磁力搅拌2.5h，升温至83℃保持25min，冷却至室温，得冷却物，取冷却物按质量比6.5：13.5：2.5加入甘油和山梨酸钾，于33℃搅拌混合1.5h，得搅拌混合物，取搅拌混合物按质量比4：9：10加入步骤（2）备用的干燥物、粉碎颗粒混合，于63℃干燥5小时，再于 27℃、湿度为50%恒温恒湿平衡42h，得食品干燥剂。
对比例：南京市某公司生产的干燥剂
将上述实例所得干燥剂与对照例干燥剂进行检测，根据国家标准GB7823-87和GB6284-86所要求的吸水率的测定方法和水分含量的测定方法进行。在25℃下首先建立不同相对湿度的封闭体系，然后在不同的湿度下分别测试实施例所得的干燥剂与对比例干燥剂的吸湿能力，根据公式计算它们的吸水率并加以对比，得出结论如表1。
吸水率计算公式：W＝(mb-mg)/mg*100% mb—材料吸水饱和状态下的质量 mg—材料在干燥状态下的质量
表1：
安全性测试：将上述实施例所制备得到的干燥剂以0.2mg/10g的剂量对小鼠进行灌胃，每天灌胃一次，21天后发现小鼠活动正常，进食、二遍正常。
综上所述，本发明的干燥剂效果更好，值得推广使用。
Claims (1)
1.一种食品干燥剂的制备方法，其特征在于，该制备方法包括如下步骤：
（1）取可溶性淀粉按质量比1：6加入蒸馏水混合，升温至60~65℃糊化30~40min，得糊化液，取大豆油按质量比20：1加入吐温-80混合，于50~60℃保持1~2h，得混合液，取糊化液按质量比10：3加入混合液，于400r/min、40~45℃搅拌混合50~60min，得搅拌混合液；
（2）按质量份数计，取15~20份搅拌混合液、5~7份聚乙二醇、2~3份三偏磷酸钠、30~40份蒸馏水，于40~45℃反应3~4h，离心，取沉淀依次用无水乙醇、蒸馏水、丙酮洗涤，取洗涤物按质量比2：9加入无水乙醇，回流保持1~2h，旋转蒸发，干燥，得干燥物，备用；
（3）取海泡石按质量比1：20加入蒸馏水混合，于170~180℃搅拌混合2~3h，抽滤，取滤渣A于110~120℃下干燥12~15h，粉碎过100目筛，收集过筛颗粒，取过筛颗粒物按质量比5：2：10加入氢氧化钙、竹糠混合，再加入过筛颗粒物质量3~5倍的去离子水，于30MPa、210~220℃保持18~24h，冷却，过滤，取滤渣B干燥，研磨粉碎，得粉碎颗粒；
（4）取乳清分离蛋白、酪蛋白酸钠按质量比2：3：10加入去离子水，于25~30℃磁力搅拌2~3h，升温至80~85℃保持20~30min，冷却至室温，得冷却物，取冷却物按质量比5~8：12~15：2~3加入甘油、山梨酸钾，于30~35℃搅拌混合1~2h，得搅拌混合物，取搅拌混合物按质量比3~5：8~10：8~12加入步骤（2）备用的干燥物、粉碎颗粒混合，于60~65℃干燥 4~6小时，再于25~28℃、湿度为45~55%恒温恒湿平衡36~48h，得食品干燥剂。
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| CN113796414A (zh) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-12-17 | 临沂大学 | 一种蓝莓鲜果的保鲜方法 |
| CN114099763A (zh) * | 2019-01-08 | 2022-03-01 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院军事医学研究院 | 一种钙离子交换多孔淀粉止血材料及其应用 |
| CN115606753A (zh) * | 2022-11-09 | 2023-01-17 | 漳州市宏香记食品有限公司 | 一种即食肉制品加工工艺 |
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| CN107376858A (zh) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-11-24 | 方政 | 一种高吸湿干燥剂及其制备方法 |
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| CN114099763A (zh) * | 2019-01-08 | 2022-03-01 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院军事医学研究院 | 一种钙离子交换多孔淀粉止血材料及其应用 |
| CN113796414A (zh) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-12-17 | 临沂大学 | 一种蓝莓鲜果的保鲜方法 |
| CN115606753A (zh) * | 2022-11-09 | 2023-01-17 | 漳州市宏香记食品有限公司 | 一种即食肉制品加工工艺 |
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