CN108359052B - 一种藤黄酸-叶酸-hpma高分子聚合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种藤黄酸-叶酸-hpma高分子聚合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN108359052B
CN108359052B CN201810374033.0A CN201810374033A CN108359052B CN 108359052 B CN108359052 B CN 108359052B CN 201810374033 A CN201810374033 A CN 201810374033A CN 108359052 B CN108359052 B CN 108359052B
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gambogic
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陈烨
李圣男
刘举
王洋
丁实
梁瑀彤
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Abstract

本发明公开一种藤黄酸‑叶酸‑HPMA高分子聚合物及其制备方法和应用。该共聚物的结构式如(Ⅰ)所示。其制备是:首先以藤黄酸为原料,制备藤黄酸乙二酰胺单体,再以叶酸为原料,制备叶酸单体;然后藤黄酸乙二酰胺单体与叶酸单体反应制备叶酸‑藤黄酸单体;最后叶酸‑藤黄酸单体与HPMA缩合生成藤黄酸‑叶酸‑HPMA高分子共聚物。该共聚物应用于治疗肿瘤疾病的药物中,具有靶向性智能释放药物的功能,对肝癌、肺癌、胃癌、结肠癌等癌症具有很好的抑制作用。
Figure DDA0001639022830000011

Description

一种藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA高分子聚合物及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明属于高分子抗肿瘤靶向药物领域,具体涉及藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA高分子共聚物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
藤黄(Gamboge)为藤黄科植物藤黄树(Garcinia hanbaryi Hook.f.)分泌的干燥树脂,其主要活性成分之一的藤黄酸(Gambogic Acid,GA,C38H44O8,C38H4408,Mr=628.76),呈橙黄色无定型粉末,具光学活性,已有体外细胞毒性研究及体内建模动物抗肿瘤活性研究证实,藤黄酸对多种肿瘤具有多靶点、多途径交叉抑制作用,对S180、肝癌、lewis肺癌、艾氏腹水癌等动物移植性肿瘤,以及对人肺癌小细胞NCI-H1993、人白血病细胞K562、胃癌细胞、人胰腺癌SW1990和人结肠癌细胞HT-29等均具有明显的抑制作用。
N-(2-羟丙基)甲基丙烯酰胺(HPMA)共聚物(pHPMA)作为药物偶联用于靶向药物输送系统,无毒,生物相容性较好,免疫原性低,生物可降解,不与血浆蛋白结合,HPMA侧链有很多活性连接位点,可使多个目标分子被共轭到相同的聚合物链上,赋予药物分子更多功能性效果,增加载药量。此外,HPMA已被证明不会产生任何加速血液清除和过敏反应等不良现象。大量的体外实验和动物模型研究显示了HPMA聚合物对肿瘤细胞具有靶向性功能,因此它是一种比较理想的高分子抗癌药物载体。
叶酸受体(Folate recptor,FR)是一种糖基化磷脂肌醇连接的膜糖蛋白,在正常细胞表面呈极性分布,使靶向制剂不能接触该受体,而肿瘤细胞中FR的分布失去极性,使靶向制剂能与该受体结合。叶酸(FA)作为FR的天然配体,具有体积小(MW=441.4)、无毒、稳定、免疫原性低、穿透力强、血液清除速率快、易于修饰、选择性高以及亲和力强(kd=1×10-10mol·L-1)等优点,已广泛地应用于靶向化疗纳米载体配体,故利用叶酸配体-受体相互作用介导的细胞摄取或内吞作用靶向输送药物,可以特异性治疗恶性肿瘤,而且,随着肿瘤不断恶化,其叶酸受体表达量随之升高,这就避免了抗癌药物对低FR表达的正常组织的损害。
有关藤黄酸药物与HPMA聚合物以及靶向分子叶酸的连接,迄今为止,在国内外均未见报道。
发明内容
为了克服传统化学药物治疗癌症由于药物本身缺乏靶向性而在体内随机分布引发严重的不良反应,本发明设计一种新型的具有高效、低毒、高选择性的主动-被动双重靶向抗癌聚合物胶束前药,实现药物在肿瘤组织中的富集和释放,继而杀死肿瘤细胞。
本发明提供的一种智能释放药物的靶向抗肿瘤活性的藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA高分子共聚物,是将药物分子藤黄酸、靶向配体叶酸通过共价键连接到N-(2-羟丙基)甲基丙烯酰胺(HPMA)上形成高分子共聚物。
本发明采用的技术方案为:
一种藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA高分子共聚物,其结构式如(Ⅰ)所示:
Figure BDA0001639022810000021
式中,x=10~20mol%,y=80~90mol%,Mn=24994,Mw/Mn=1.056。
一种藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA高分子共聚物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1)以藤黄酸为原料,制备藤黄酸乙二酰胺单体。具体为:
在氮气保护下,依次将藤黄酸、EDCI(碳化二亚胺)、DMAP(4-二甲氨基吡啶)和HOBT(1-羟基苯并三唑)溶于DMF中,室温搅拌后,加入用DMF稀释的BOC-乙二胺(N-叔丁氧羰基-1,2-乙二胺),室温搅拌7h,停止反应。加三氟乙酸和二氯甲烷的混合溶剂脱保护,室温搅拌1h后,将反应液倒入水中,乙酸乙酯萃取,取有机相,并用无水硫酸钠干燥4h。滤除硫酸钠,滤液减压浓缩蒸干,得粗产物,粗产物经硅胶柱层析分离,得到黄色固体产物藤黄酸乙二酰胺单体。
2)以叶酸为原料,制备叶酸酰胺单体。具体为:
2.1)将三乙胺和乙二胺溶解于DCM中,于0℃冰浴中,缓慢滴加甲基丙烯酰氯的DCM溶液,继续反应8h。过滤除去白色沉淀物,滤液真空蒸干后用乙酸乙酯溶解,然后依次用柠檬酸溶液、氢氧化钠溶液及饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤,洗液分别用乙酸乙酯抽提,取有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥4h以上。过滤,滤液真空旋干,得连接臂酰胺单体。
2.2)将叶酸、环己基碳二酰亚胺和N-羟基丁二酰亚胺溶解于DMF中,50℃避光反应8h;待叶酸全部转化为叶酸活化酯,在反应液中加入2.1)制备的酰胺单体,-5~5℃避光反应15h。将反应液缓慢滴加至丙酮中搅拌沉淀,抽滤,滤饼真空干燥,得到叶酸酰胺单体,加入丙酮沉淀,抽滤,滤饼真空干燥,得到叶酸酰胺单体。
3)藤黄酸乙二酰胺单体与叶酸酰胺单体反应,制备叶酸-藤黄酸单体。具体为:
将叶酸酰胺单体、HATU(2-(7-氧化苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯)和三乙胺溶解于DMF,40℃避光反应4h后,于所得反应液中加入藤黄酸乙二酰胺单体,室温反应20h。将反应液慢慢倒入冰水中搅拌,析出黄色固体,抽滤,滤饼冷洗涤,乙醇重结晶,得到叶酸-藤黄酸单体。
4)叶酸-藤黄酸单体与HPMA缩合生成藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA高分子共聚物。具体为:
以偶氮异丁腈(AIBN)(5%,wt)为引发剂,以DMSO(二甲基亚砜)和丙酮混合液为溶剂,投料叶酸-藤黄酸单体和HPMA,抽真空充氮气循环3次,密封后在55℃条件下反应24h。反应结束后向溶液中加甲醇,摇匀,在乙醚中沉淀得到聚合物,过滤后将沉淀物挥干,透析48h,除去小分子;冻干,即得藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA高分子共聚物。
所述的藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA高分子共聚物在制备治疗肿瘤疾病的药物中的应用。所述的药物为含有藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA高分子共聚物和药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂。
所述的肿瘤疾病包括肝癌、肺癌、胃癌、胰腺癌和结肠癌。
本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明是优选亲水性材料HPMA作为载体,将疏水性药物分子藤黄酸、导向性分子叶酸与载体偶联,通过水解型连接臂酰胺键连接而成,形成具有不同靶向性的两亲性高分子共聚物,在水溶液中,自组装形成具核-壳结构的纳米级聚合物胶束,藤黄酸包载在胶束的疏水区域内,不仅增加藤黄酸的溶解性、稳定性以及延长其在血浆中的半衰期,更赋予了藤黄酸被动-主动双重靶向作用,使药物尽可能富集在肿瘤部位,减少对正常组织与器官的损害,以期提高生物利用度。
本发明提供一种制备藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA高分子共聚物技术和应用,为增强藤黄酸的片剂、胶囊剂、口服液、颗粒剂、及注射剂等多种剂型的开发提供可行性。
附图说明
图1是体内血药浓度-时间曲线图。
具体实施方式
实施例1一种藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA高分子共聚物
其结构如下:
Figure BDA0001639022810000041
式中,x=10~20mol%,y=80~90mol%,Mn=24994,Mw/Mn=1.056。
该化合物的制备方法如下:
首先,以藤黄酸为原料,制备藤黄酸乙二酰胺单体;再以叶酸为原料,制备叶酸酰胺单体;然后藤黄酸乙二酰胺单体与叶酸酰胺单体反应,制备叶酸-藤黄酸单体;最后叶酸-藤黄酸单体与HPMA缩合,生成藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA高分子共聚物。反应式如下:
Figure BDA0001639022810000051
1)以藤黄酸为原料,制备藤黄酸乙二酰胺单体,具体操作如下:
Figure BDA0001639022810000052
在氮气保护下,依次将藤黄酸3.60g(5.7mmol)、EDCI 2.21g(11.6mmol)、DMAP1.41g(11.6mmol)和HOBT 0.78g(5.8mmol)溶于5ml DMF中,室温搅拌30min后,加入用2mlDMF稀释的BOC-乙二胺1.25g(7.5mmol),室温搅拌7h,停止反应。加三氟乙酸(TFA)/二氯甲烷(DCM)(v:v=1:3)混合溶剂20mL脱保护,室温搅拌1h后,将反应液倒入200mL水中,100mL乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并有机相并用无水硫酸钠干燥4h。滤除硫酸钠,滤液减压浓缩蒸干,得粗产物,粗产物经硅胶柱层析分离,得到2.90g黄色固体产物藤黄酸乙二酰胺单体,产率为75.5%。
IR(KBr,cm-1):3432,3353,2962,2923,1739,1638,1584,1533,1432,1385,1331,1174,1132;1H NMR(CDCl3)δ12.65(s,1H,-OH),7.56(d,1H),6.68(d,1H),6.55(br,1H),5.89(t,1H),5.47(m,1H),5.25(m,1H),5.08(br,2H),3.49(m,1H),3.29(m,2H),3.18(m,2H),2.60-2.55(m,2H),2.41-2.30(m,2H),2.04(m,2H),1.79-1.73(s,8H),1.69(br,6H),1.56(s,3H),1.49-1.41(m,6H),1.35(br,2H),1.29(s,3H);MS(ESI)m/z(%):671.2[M+H]+.
2)以叶酸为原料,制备叶酸酰胺单体,具体操作如下:
2.1)叶酸的连接臂的合成,具体操作如下:
Figure BDA0001639022810000061
称取三乙胺0.05026g(5.2mmol)和乙二胺0.3224g(5.2mmol)溶解于20mL的DCM中;称取甲基丙烯酰氯0.544g(5.2mmol)溶解于30mL的DCM中,于0℃冰浴中,恒压漏斗缓慢滴加甲基丙烯酰氯的DCM溶液至三乙胺和乙二胺的混合液中,继续反应8h。过滤除去白色沉淀物,滤液真空蒸干后用50mL乙酸乙酯溶解,依次用1M柠檬酸溶液(50mL×2),1M氢氧化钠溶液(50mL×2)及饱和氯化钠溶液(50mL×3)洗涤,洗液分别用30mL乙酸乙酯抽提,取有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥4h以上。过滤,真空旋干,即得连接臂酰胺单体。
2.2)连接臂酰胺单体与叶酸连接,制备叶酸酰胺单体,具体操作如下:
Figure BDA0001639022810000062
称取叶酸(0.441g,1mmol),环己基碳二酰亚胺(0.248g,1.2mmol)(DCC)和N-羟基丁二酰亚胺(0.23g,20mmol)(NHS),溶解于脱水的5mL DMF中,于50℃避光反应8h,待叶酸全部转化为叶酸活化酯,在反应液中加入连接臂酰胺单体0.571g(10mmol),于-5~5℃避光反应15h。将所得反应液缓慢滴加至500mL丙酮中搅拌沉淀,抽滤,滤饼真空干燥后,再次加入丙酮沉淀,抽滤,滤饼真空干燥,得到叶酸酰胺单体3.21g,产率65%。
IR(KBr,cm-1):3438,3322,2958,2871,1667,1659,1541,1503,1412,1311,1148,1035;1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ8.6(s,1H),7.62(d,2H),6.63(d,2H),5.89(m,1H),5.22(dd,2H),4.46(t,1H),4.20(s,2H),3.42(s,2H),2.23(t,2H),1.93(m,2H);MS(ESI)m/z(%):552.22[M+H]+。
3)藤黄酸乙二酰胺单体与叶酸酰胺单体反应,制备叶酸-藤黄酸单体,具体操作如下:
Figure BDA0001639022810000071
将叶酸酰胺单体(0.48g,1.0mmol),HATU(2-(7-氧化苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯)(0.57g,1.5mmol)和三乙胺(0.20g,2.0mmol),溶解于20mL DMF中,于40℃避光反应4h,所得反应液中加入藤黄酸乙二酰胺单体0.81g(1.20mmol),室温反应20h。将所得反应液慢慢倒入冰水中,析出黄色固体,抽滤,滤饼冷洗涤,乙醇重结晶得到叶酸-藤黄酸单体0.71g,产率62.6%。
IR(KBr,cm-1):3428,3367,2966,2870,1722,1680,1652,1544,1531,1503,1436,1437,1319,1125,1036;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.81(s,1H),8.58(s,1H),7.62-7.56(m,3H),6.63-6.58(m,5H),5.86(m,2H),5.42(m,1H),5.23(m,3H),5.13(br,2H),4.38(t,1H),4.29(s,2H),3.49-3.29(m,5H),3.14(m,2H),2.65-2.50(m,2H),2.41--2.23(m,4H),2.04-1.93(m,4H),1.85-1.70(br,14H),1.59(s,3H),1.54-1.45(m,6H),1.28-1.29(m,5H).
4)叶酸-藤黄酸单体与HPMA缩合反应,制备藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA高分子共聚物,具体操作如下:
Figure BDA0001639022810000072
以偶氮异丁腈(AIBN)(5%,wt)为引发剂,以DMSO(4mL)和丙酮(2mL)为溶剂,按摩尔比为1:14.7,投料叶酸-藤黄酸单体(0.20g,0.176mmol)和HPMA(0.421g,2.94mmol),抽真空充氮气循环3次,密封后在55℃条件下反应24h。反应结束后向溶液中加甲醇3mL,摇匀,在乙醚中沉淀得到聚合物,过滤后将沉淀物挥干,透析48h,除去小分子;冻干,即得藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA高分子共聚物(HPMA-FA-GA)0.40g,产率63%。
Mn=24994,Mw/Mn=1.056。
IR(KBr,cm-1):3460,3367,3030,2978,2865,1701,1671,1660,1551,1546,1523,1458,1444,1329,1175,1006;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):12.77(OH of Gambogic acid),8.62(Heterocyclic of folic acid),7.60-7.50(NHC6H2H2CO of folic acid andunsaturated ketone ofGambogic acid),6.61(NHC6H2H2CO of folic acid),6.00-5.5(alkene of gambogic acid),4.30-4.90(NHCH2-Heterocyclic,CH(COOH)CH2CH2CO offolic acid),3.65(CH3CH(OH)CH2NHof HPMA),3.30-3.00(CH3CH(OH)CH2NH of HPMA and-CH2-CH=CH2of gambogic acid),1.35-1.80(-CH2-of polymer backbone),1.27(-CH3ofgambogic acid),0.98-0.59(-CH3ofpolymer backbone).
实施例2一种藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA高分子共聚物的组织分布试验
以实施例1制备的藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA高分子共聚物为受试样品,表示了如以下组织分布试验所示的靶向性研究。
取体重20±2g的雄性SPF级昆明种小鼠27只,随机分三组,每组9只,即GA(自制的2%吐温80溶解的藤黄酸溶液,0.5mg/mL)组、HPMA-FA-GA聚合物组(HPMA-FA-GA聚合物前药胶束溶液,3.6mg/mL),实验前禁食24h,自由饮水。灌胃给药剂量为4.0mg/kg。每组预设3个时间点,每个时间点3个平行。分别于给药后2h、4h、6h脱颈处死小鼠,迅速解剖取出肝、脾、肺、肾组织,生理盐水冲洗掉残留血液,滤纸吸干表面水分,称重,各取小鼠肝、脾、肺、肾组织0.5g,加生理盐水1mL,剪碎,用高速分散均质机制成组织匀浆液,移液枪精密吸取匀浆液100μL,加6%(W/V)高氯酸溶液400μL,震摇,超声10min,涡旋30s后,于5000r/min离心15min后,取全部上清液,用乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并有机相,于40℃氮气吹干。加1mL甲醇复溶,震摇,超声5min,涡旋30s后,经0.45μm有机滤膜过滤,经高效液相色谱法测定组织药物含量。
本发明采用相对摄取率(Relative targeting efficiency,re)参数定量评价聚合物靶向前药递送系统在体内分布的靶向效果,探讨靶向藤黄酸HPMA聚合物前药胶束对实验动物不同器官组织的趋向性差异,其计算公式如下:
Figure BDA0001639022810000091
其中,AUCi表示由浓度-时间曲线求得的第i个组织的药时曲线下面积;下标p和s分别表示靶向藤黄酸HPMA聚合物前药胶束制剂和对照的GA溶液。re>1表示由靶向性,愈大靶向效果愈好;re≤1,表示无靶向性。
表1小鼠组织分布参数AUC及re计算结果
Figure BDA0001639022810000092
结果表明,GA制备为聚合物前药后在肝、脾、肺组织器官中摄取率有所增加,其中藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA聚合物前药对肺靶向摄取率的增加尤为显著(P<0.05),这与靶向配体D-半乳糖和叶酸介导的主动靶向作用与受体之间的特异性相互作用有直接的关系,且组织中脏器中丰富的内皮网状系统对纳米粒子摄取,实现了藤黄酸HPMA聚合物前药的主动-被动双重靶向作用。
实施例3一种藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA高分子共聚物的药动学试验
取体重20±2g的雄性SPF级昆明种小鼠24只,随机分三组,每组8只,即GA(自制的2%吐温80溶解的藤黄酸溶液,0.5mg/mL)组、HPMA-FA-GA聚合物组(自制的HPMA-FA-GA聚合物前药胶束溶液,3.6mg/mL),实验前禁食24h,自由饮水。灌胃给药剂量为(以GA计)4.0mg/kg。灌胃给药后,分别于5min,15min,30min,1h,2h,4h,6h,8h,12h,24h等预设时间点眼眶取血0.3ml,血液样品置于肝素化的尖底离心试管中,5000r/min离心15min,精密吸取上清血浆100μL至新的尖底离心试管中,加入1.9ml甲醇沉淀蛋白,超声10min,涡旋5min,4000r/min离心10min,上清液转移到新的采样管中,于40℃用氮气吹干有机溶剂。残余物加100μL甲醇,涡旋复溶,经0.45μm有机滤膜过滤,经高效液相色谱法测定血浆药物含量。
绘制其体内血药浓度-时间曲线见图1,根据AIC法和r值判断HPMA-FA-GA聚合物前药胶束溶液在小鼠体内分布过程符合二室模型,权重系数为1/c,给药后药物迅速分布到中央室,在逐渐分布待周围室,显示出较明显的缓释效果;GA组给药后立即分布全身并以一定速度消除,没有明显的缓释特征。
实施例4一种藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA高分子共聚物的药效学试验
对于各种癌细胞的增殖抑制率测定方法如下:取处于对数生长期的各种癌细胞,将细胞浓度调整至1.5×106/mL,接种于含100U/mL青霉素和100μg/mL链霉素和10%小牛血清的RPMI-1640培养液的24孔培养板中,于37℃、5%CO2、饱和湿度的培养箱中孵育,于孵育的第1、2、3天检测对数生长期的细胞。根据实验分组(8组),对照组的GA、藤黄酸乙醇酰胺单体均设为0.5、0.05、0.005、0.0005、0.00005、0μg/mL六个浓度梯度、实验组HPMA-FA-GA聚合物设为含GA0.5、0.05、0.005、0.0005、0.00005、0μg/mL的六个浓度梯度。平行实验3次,每次设3个复孔。
吸取100μL待检细胞悬液加至96孔培养板中,加入5mg/mL MTT(四氮唑,5mg/mL,即0.5%MTT)溶液50μL,继续孵育4h后,终止培养,离心去除上清液,每孔加入150μL的DMSO,置摇床上低速振荡溶解10min。实验组与对照组均作3个复孔。用酶联免疫检测仪测定490nm波长下的吸光度(A),按下列公式计算细胞增殖抑制率,最终所得实验结果为三次所得平均值。
增殖抑制率=[(1-(A试验/A对照)]×100%
表2藤黄酸与藤黄酸聚合物对各种癌细胞的增值抑制作用
Figure BDA0001639022810000101

Claims (9)

1.一种藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA高分子聚合物,其特征在于,所述藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA高分子聚合物,是将药物分子藤黄酸、靶向配体叶酸通过共价键连接到N-(2-羟丙基)甲基丙烯酰胺上形成的二元高分子共聚物,具有如(Ⅰ)所示结构式:
Figure FDA0002557328130000011
其中,x=10~20mol%,y=80~90mol%,Mn=24994,Mw/Mn=1.056。
2.权利要求1所述的一种藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA高分子聚合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括步骤如下:1)首先以藤黄酸为原料,制备藤黄酸乙二酰胺单体;2)再以叶酸为原料,制备叶酸酰胺单体;3)然后藤黄酸乙二酰胺单体与叶酸酰胺单体反应制备叶酸-藤黄酸单体;4)最后叶酸-藤黄酸单体与HPMA聚合生成藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA高分子共聚物。
3.如权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤1),以藤黄酸为原料,制备藤黄酸乙二酰胺单体,具体步骤如下:在氮气保护下,依次将藤黄酸、EDCI、DMAP和HOBT溶于DMF中,室温搅拌后,加入用DMF稀释的BOC-乙二胺,室温搅拌7h,停止反应;加三氟乙酸和二氯甲烷的混合溶剂,室温搅拌1h后,将反应液倒入水中,乙酸乙酯萃取,取有机相,并用无水硫酸钠干燥,滤除硫酸钠,滤液减压浓缩蒸干,得粗产物,粗产物经硅胶柱层析分离,得到藤黄酸乙二酰胺单体。
4.如权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤2),以叶酸为原料,制备叶酸酰胺单体,具体步骤如下:
2.1)将三乙胺和乙二胺溶解于DCM中,于0℃冰浴中,缓慢滴加甲基丙烯酰氯的DCM溶液,继续反应8h,过滤除去沉淀物,滤液真空蒸干后用乙酸乙酯溶解,然后依次用柠檬酸溶液、氢氧化钠溶液和饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤,洗液分别用乙酸乙酯抽提,取有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥4h以上,过滤,滤液真空旋干,得酰胺单体;按摩尔比,三乙胺:乙二胺:甲基丙烯酰氯=1:1:1;
2.2)将叶酸、环己基碳二酰亚胺和N-羟基丁二酰亚胺溶解于DMF中,50℃避光反应8h后,于所得反应液中加入酰胺单体,-5~5℃避光反应15h,将所得反应液缓慢滴加至丙酮中搅拌沉淀,抽滤,滤饼真空干燥,得叶酸酰胺单体,加入丙酮沉淀,抽滤,滤饼真空干燥,得到叶酸酰胺单体。
5.如权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤3),藤黄酸乙二酰胺单体与叶酸酰胺单体反应制备叶酸-藤黄酸单体,具体步骤如下:将叶酸酰胺单体、HATU和三乙胺溶解于DMF中,40℃避光反应4h,于所得反应液中加入藤黄酸乙二酰胺单体,室温反应20h后,将反应液慢慢倒入冰水中搅拌,析出黄色固体,抽滤,滤饼冷洗涤,乙醇重结晶,得到叶酸-藤黄酸单体。
6.如权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤4),叶酸-藤黄酸单体与HPMA聚合 生成藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA高分子共聚物,具体步骤如下:以偶氮异丁腈为引发剂,以DMSO和丙酮混合液为溶剂,投料叶酸-藤黄酸单体和HPMA,抽真空充氮气循环3次,密封后在55℃条件下反应24h,反应结束后,向反应液中加甲醇,摇匀,在乙醚中沉淀,过滤后,将沉淀物挥干,透析48h,冻干,得藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA高分子共聚物。
7.如权利要求1所述的藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA高分子共聚物在制备治疗肿瘤疾病药物中的应用。
8.如权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的药物含有藤黄酸-叶酸-HPMA高分子共聚物和药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂。
9.如权利要求7或8所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的肿瘤疾病包括肝癌、肺癌、胃癌和结肠癌。
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