CN108349368A - 带分离离合器和主离合器以及布置在它们之间的操纵系统的混合动力模块 - Google Patents

带分离离合器和主离合器以及布置在它们之间的操纵系统的混合动力模块 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108349368A
CN108349368A CN201680066667.9A CN201680066667A CN108349368A CN 108349368 A CN108349368 A CN 108349368A CN 201680066667 A CN201680066667 A CN 201680066667A CN 108349368 A CN108349368 A CN 108349368A
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clutch
power module
hybrid power
separation
motor
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CN108349368B (zh
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德克·赖姆尼茨
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/10—Clutch systems with a plurality of fluid-actuated clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B60K6/405—Housings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D13/00—Friction clutches
    • F16D13/22—Friction clutches with axially-movable clutching members
    • F16D13/38—Friction clutches with axially-movable clutching members with flat clutching surfaces, e.g. discs
    • F16D13/385—Friction clutches with axially-movable clutching members with flat clutching surfaces, e.g. discs double clutches, i.e. comprising two friction disc mounted on one driven shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/08—Fluid-actuated clutches with fluid-actuated member not rotating with a clutching member
    • F16D25/082—Fluid-actuated clutches with fluid-actuated member not rotating with a clutching member the line of action of the fluid-actuated members co-inciding with the axis of rotation
    • F16D25/087—Fluid-actuated clutches with fluid-actuated member not rotating with a clutching member the line of action of the fluid-actuated members co-inciding with the axis of rotation the clutch being actuated by the fluid-actuated member via a diaphragm spring or an equivalent array of levers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
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    • F16D25/08—Fluid-actuated clutches with fluid-actuated member not rotating with a clutching member
    • F16D25/082—Fluid-actuated clutches with fluid-actuated member not rotating with a clutching member the line of action of the fluid-actuated members co-inciding with the axis of rotation
    • F16D25/083—Actuators therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于机动车辆的用以联接内燃机的混合动力模块(1)，该混合动力模块带有分离离合器(2)，借助该分离离合器能将内燃机与机动车辆的传动系分离并且借助该分离离合器能将转矩从内燃机带到传动系，该混合动力模块还带有电动机(3)，该电动机为了传递转矩而能通过主离合器(4)与传动系连接，其中，使用用于引起对分离离合器(2)的操纵的分离离合器操纵系统(5)并且使用用于引起对主离合器(4)的操纵的主离合器操纵系统(6)，其中，两个操纵系统(5、6)布置在分离离合器(2)和主离合器(4)之间。本发明也涉及一种用于机动车辆的、带有内燃机的驱动装置，该驱动装置通过按本发明的混合动力模块(1)与或者能与包括一个或多个传动设施输入轴(32、33)的传动设施连接。

Description

带分离离合器和主离合器以及布置在它们之间的操纵系统的 混合动力模块
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于机动车辆，如私人轿车、载重车或其它商用车辆的、用于联接到内燃机上的混合动力模块，其带有分离离合器，借助该分离离合器能将内燃机与机动车辆的(后置的)传动系分离以及借助该分离离合器能将转矩从内燃机带到传动系，混合动力模块还带有电动机，该电动机为了传递转矩而通过主离合器与传动系连接或能与传动系连接，其中，使用用于引起对分离离合器的操纵的分离离合器操纵系统以及使用用于引起对主离合器的操纵的主离合器操纵系统。转矩尤其能经由(串联的)分离离合器和主离合器被从内燃机带到传动系。
背景技术
由现有技术，例如由WO 2012/149922 A1已经公知这种混合动力模块。在那里同样公开了一种用于私人轿车的传动系的转矩传递装置。这种传动系具有两个驱动机，其中，这些驱动机中的其中一个是机电的能量转换器。在此，这个转矩传递装置被插入到转子凹槽中，转子凹槽则布置在这个机电的能量转换器的转子装置中。
也已知若干使用在混合动力模块中的双离合器。因此例如PCT/DE2015/200242公开了一种用于将机动车辆发动机的驱动轴与机动车辆传动设施的第一传动设施输入轴和/或第二传动设施输入轴相联接的双离合器。在那里公开了，使用用于将驱动轴与第一传动设施输入轴相联接的第一部分离合器，其中，第一部分离合器具有第一尾悬伸板，能相对第一尾悬伸板轴向移动的第一中间板，能相对第一尾悬伸板以及相对第一中间板轴向移动的、用于将第一离合器盘的第一摩擦衬片压紧在第一尾悬伸板和第一中间板之间以及第一中间板和第一压紧板之间的第一压紧板。此外还公开的是，使用第二部分离合器，同样用于将驱动轴与第二传动设施输入轴联接，其中，第二部分离合器具有第二尾悬伸板，能相对第二尾悬伸板轴向移动的第二中间板，以及能相对第二尾悬伸板和相对第二中间板轴向移动的、用于将第二离合器盘的第二摩擦衬片压紧在第二尾悬伸板和第二中间板之间以及在第二中间板和第二压紧板之间的第二压紧板。使用离合器盖，其与第一尾悬伸板和第二尾悬伸板抗相对转动地连接，因为用于遮盖第一部分离合器和/或第二部分离合器的至少一部分。在所述离合器盖上存在以能枢转的方式被支撑的、用于转移第一压紧板的第一杆元件，以及在所述离合器盖上也存在以能枢转的方式被支撑的、用于转移第二压紧板的第二杆元件。在该文档中就像“八板设计”一样也提出了所谓的“五板设计”、“六板设计”和“七板设计”。
由本申请人的更早的申请，即DE 10 2015 207 470A1，也已知传动系的一种模块化的结构。因此在该文献中例如公开了一种由一个双离合器和多个与该双离合器配合作用的接口构件组成的系统，其中，接口构件一方面设计用于向着双离合器或离开双离合器地传达转矩，或者另一方面设计用于促成调整运动，或者此外还设计用于支承/防护，其中，双离合器的至少一个部分离合器按照第一种类型，即按照多盘离合器的类型设计带有第一种数量的摩擦衬片，或者按照第二种类型，即设计带有有别于第一种数量的第二种数量的摩擦衬片，优选按照单盘离合器的类型设计，其中，被证实特别的是，在使用一种类型的部分离合器时，至少一个接口构件根据仅另一种类型的部分离合器的使用来进行设计和定位。
发明内容
本发明因此使用在用于混合动力车辆的离合器的领域中。所谓的“MDD”离合器，“模块化直接控制离合器”，特别是双离合器被证实适用。但应当进一步研发这类离合器。它们应当尤为成本低廉且应当特别良好地利用存在的结构空间。此外，应当克服或至少减轻由现有技术公知的缺陷。换句话说，应当正好研发一种紧凑且节省构件的混合动力模块。通常为了分离离合器和双离合器的主要部件的功能而需要与电动机有效关联的单独的、彼此分离的构件，应当被组合起来。
该技术问题在类属的混合动力模块中由此解决，即，两个操纵系统，例如沿轴向方向看，布置在分离离合器和主离合器之间。以这种方式可以共同利用用于多个主要部件的构件或者将类似的构件组合成可以更为简单地制造和/或安装的新组件。
所建议的带有混合动力模块的混合动力系统的基本结构在于，分离离合器和“MDD”离合器布置在电动机的对置的轴向的侧上并且/或者一个或两个离合器在两个对置的侧处沿径向布置在电动机之内/下方。用于混合动力模块的离合器的全部三个操纵系统被彼此直接相邻地布置或甚至组合在共同的组件中。存在轴承部位，电动机的转子和双离合器一起支承在该轴承部位上。通过这个轴承部位可以用共同的支承架来支撑电动机的转子和双离合器，例如支撑在离合器壳体处。支承架和操纵系统可以形成共同的组件。
支承架在此可以与壳体固定，优选抗相对转动地与壳体部分或离合器壳体、离合器罩或传动设施壳体连接。
有利的实施方式在从属权利要求中要求予以保护并在下文中加以详细阐释。
因此有利的是，主离合器被构造成单离合器或双离合器(带有两个部分离合器)。可以正好在使用双离合器时实现无牵引力中断的转矩传送，这一点令人期待。
当两个操纵系统整合在共同的、优选一体式构造的支承架中时，可以大幅减少构件的数量。
也有利的是，中间轴滑动或滚动地支承在支承架上，其中，中间轴是这样的轴，其在主离合器的一个位置中以这样的方式相对传动设施轴能转动运动地被支承，使得不将任何转矩从电动机和/或内燃机带到传动设施输入轴上，例如带到靠内的传动设施轴或靠外的传动设施轴上。支承架在此与传动设施壳体、离合器罩或发动机缸连接以及因此有能力支撑和支承中间轴。然后能极为有效地实现单个构件的按需的脱开。
当分离离合器操纵系统和/或主离合器操纵系统被构造成液压的系统、静液压的系统、气动的系统、机电的系统或(纯)机械的，例如杆式操纵的系统时，那么可以动用能简单地促动和/或更为防止故障的部件。
视使用哪种类型的(主/分离)离合器操纵系统而定，可以利用以液压流体，如油的灵活供应，或者例如通过使用气动的、机械的或电气的能量输送来取消液压流体供应。离合器操纵系统可以与蓄能器，例如盘簧或杆这样的力转化元件组合起来。然后可以按照期望调整成本和耐用性。
被证实特别的是，分离离合器操纵系统和/或主离合器操纵系统包括一个或多个CSC(Concentric Slave Cylinder(同心从缸)/中央的离合器脱接器)。然后能实现到副级的执行机构的简单的连接。机械的和/或机电的执行机构，例如EZA的使用也是有意义的。
也有利的是，分离离合器操纵系统的CSC具有能从支承架沿着内燃机的方向转移的/活动的/能轴向移动的分离离合器活塞并且/或者主离合器操纵系统的CSC中的至少其中一个具有能从(同一)支承架沿着传动设施的方向转移的/活动的/能轴向移动的主离合器活塞，或者主离合器操纵系统的两个CSC具有各一个这样能沿着传动设施的方向转移的主离合器活塞。
相宜的是，中间轴借助尽可能一个支承架滚动轴承或一个支承架滑动轴承在径向和/或在轴向支撑/支承在两个操纵系统的共同的支承架上。然后可以既为转子也为主离合器选择共同的支撑。
也有利的是，共同的轴承部位构造在共同的支承架上，该轴承部位以能(相对离合器壳体)转动运动的方式在轴向和/或径向支承中间轴、电动机的转子、主离合器/主离合器的离合器罩和/或分离离合器/分离离合器的压力板或离合器罩。由此可以明显减少有待使用的轴承部位的数量。
在此有利的是，支承架滚动轴承具有大的轴向长度，从而防止支承架的翻倒。支承架滚动轴承或支承架滑动轴承可以由多个能径向地支撑和/或支持轴向力的单个轴承构成。
为了达到特别耐用的连接方式，有利的是，主离合器的离合器罩形状锁合、力锁合和/或材料锁合地紧固在中间轴处，例如一个或两个尾悬伸板紧固在所述离合器罩处。
当在中间轴的整合的、至少以区段的方式沿径向方向突出的中间轴法兰与离合器罩之间存在能传递转矩的、优选不可松开的连接，例如焊接时，可以实现特别紧凑的构造方式。
在此也有利的是，电动机的转子抗相对转动地安装在中间轴法兰上，因为由此能减少构件数量。
为了防止繁冗的接触部，有利的是，转子具有永磁体。
也被证实，主离合器和/或分离离合器构造成多盘离合器，亦即具有在至少两个离合器盘之间的至少一个中间板，其中，离合器盘和至少一个中间板能被特定的压紧板和特定的反压板夹紧。中间板受功能限制更确切地说属于压紧板和尾悬伸板，因为它与这些板抗相对转动地连接。PCT/DE 2015/200242和DE 10 2015 207 470 A1的特点，就此而言应当视作融合在本文中。
也有助于安装的是，分离离合器和主离合器布置在电动机的对置的端部处。虽然已公知混合动力模块，它们通过分离离合器能实现传动设施输入轴可选地与电动机或与内燃机的连接，但现在确定了一种改良方案。分离离合器应当进一步径向地布置在电动机内。
本发明建议了一种由混合动力模块构成的系统，该混合动力模块带有分离离合器和用于双离合传动设施的双离合器，其中，用于两个离合器总成的执行机构布置在电动机内共同的支承架中。支承架可以与离合器壳体连接或可以是离合器壳体的和/或用于E马达的专用壳体的和/或整个混合动力模块的整合的组成部分。
轴向的顺序是：曲轴、(在中间轴上的)分离离合器、执行机构(该执行机构承载中间轴)和双离合器。双离合器支承在中间轴上。分离离合器可以支撑在曲轴或中间轴上。
总执行机构的操纵力在第一备选方案中可以通过曲轴以及在第二备选方案中可以通过分离离合器的轴承经由中间轴和支承架导入到离合器壳体中。
中间轴可以包括转子架作为整合的组成部分。支承架包括(一件式或多件式)用于短活塞的缸和用于操纵短活塞的液压流体的输送部。两个离合器也可以在径向布置在转子内。
双离合器可以涉及“MDD”离合器，其例如已经由DE 10 2015 207470 A1公知。该离合器备选地也可以是杆式操纵的，如在PCT/DE2015/200242中公开的那样。该离合器可以相应地具有每个离合器多个或仅一个摩擦盘。每个部分离合器具有多个盘的双离合器当然具有这样的优势，即，它们在径向可以构造得更小以及因此更确切地说在径向嵌套在转子内部。因此处于核心的是，提供执行机构组件，它们被构造成共同的组件。本发明在电动车辆的领域中加以布置并且应用到直接的多盘双离合器上。
附图说明
接下来借助附图详细阐释本发明。在此示出了本发明的三个不同的实施例。图中：
图1示出了按本发明的混合动力模块的纵剖面的一部分；
图2以和图1类似的图示方式示出了第二实施例，其中，双离合器具有两个(部分)多盘离合器；以及
图3以和图1类似的图示方式示出了第三实施例，但与在第一实施例中不同的是，分离离合器并未支撑在双质量飞轮处，而是支撑在中间轴上，因为在这一设计方案中预计没有显著的轴向力经由曲轴被传递。
附图仅是示意性的并且仅用于理解本发明。相同的元件用同一附图标记标注。单独的实施例的元件也可以使用在其它实施例中，它们因此能相互替换。
具体实施方式
图1中示出了按本发明的混合动力模块1的第一实施方式。混合动力模块1被应用在未示出的内燃机和未示出的传动设施之间。但传动设施设置/预备用于联接到该内燃机上/传递该内燃机的转矩。
为此另外存在有分离离合器2。该分离离合器2也被称为“K0”离合器。通过该分离离合器选择性地，也就是说在操纵分离离合器2时，将转矩沿着传动系的方向传递，或者在分离离合器2的另一实施方式中恰好中断转矩流。
在分离离合器2和未示出的传动设施之间布置有电动机3，该电动机也能用作电机。电动机也可以简称为E马达。
在电动机3和传动设施之间也存在主离合器4。
针对分离离合器2存在操纵系统，即分离离合器操纵系统5。此外，针对主离合器4存在操纵系统，即主离合器操纵系统6。两个操纵系统5和6被整合在共同的支承架7中。支承架7在此与离合器壳体41形式的、与车架固定的区段/壳体牢固连接。该壳体备选或附加地也可以构造成传动设施壳体、内燃机的壳体和/或电动机壳体。(共同的)支承架7具有移出室8(缸)，在所述移出室中以能轴向移动的方式要么布置有一个分离离合器活塞9，要么布置有一个或两个主离合器活塞10。主离合器活塞10然后正好相反地朝着不同于分离离合器活塞9的方向的方向移动。分离离合器活塞9或主离合器活塞支撑在操纵轴承11处。
中间轴14经由在支承架滚动轴承13的区域内的共同的轴承部位12径向支撑在支承架7处。在中间轴14处存在整体的中间轴法兰15。该中间轴法兰15具有承载区段16。中间轴法兰15(精准地)沿径向方向取向，而承载区段16(精准地)沿轴向方向取向。中间轴法兰15和承载区段16也沿周向方向延伸并且可以具有例如用于使压力罐27或该压力罐的压力罐延长部36穿通过的若干缺口。
在承载区段16上，即在其径向的外侧上，特别是其外圆周面上，安装有转子17。转子17可以具有永磁体18。与之配合作用的定子19为此径向在外地示出。
在未被操纵的状态中，分离离合器2的杆元件20(形式为盘簧)将力施加到压紧板21上，从而离合器盘22和安装在其上的摩擦衬片23一起为了传递转矩的目的被夹紧在压紧板21与尾悬伸板/中间板38之间。为了打开分离离合器2，被分离离合器活塞9激活的操纵轴承11压到杆元件20(例如盘簧舌形件)上，以便克服盘簧的力以及卸去离合器盘22的负荷。离合器盘22持久地以传送转矩的方式连接在中间轴14上，但以能轴向移动的方式支承在那里。图1至3示出了被压开的(通常闭合的)分离离合器2。被压合的(通常打开的)分离离合器2在技术上当然也在其它的实施方案中实现。
双质量飞轮(ZMS)24具有用于连接在例如曲轴上、用于传送内燃机的转矩的连接部位25。在双质量飞轮24处支撑有轴承26，借助该轴承径向和轴向地支撑分离离合器2。
能被主离合器活塞10操纵的构件被构造成压力罐27，压力罐被导引穿过中间轴法兰15内的窗口28。
在中间轴法兰15处也紧固有离合器罩29，亦即焊在焊缝30处。离合器罩29也可以称为盖或随动环。
主离合器4被构造成双离合器。为此可以原则上实现和使用机械的、机电的、静液压的、气动的或液压的操纵。
在离合器罩29处紧固有两个尾悬伸板31。那个能夹紧在压紧板21和尾悬伸板31之间的离合器盘22是抗相对转动的(drehfest)，但能轴向移动地连接在靠内的传动设施输入轴32上或靠外的传动设施输入轴33上。靠内的传动设施输入轴32借助导向轴承34支承在中间轴14的凸缘35处。接片形的压力罐延长部36径向在外地穿过窗口28地作用。主离合器操纵系统6在这个实施方案中包括至少一个CSC37。
因此在内燃机处布置有第一离合器，即分离离合器2，内燃机/发动机的转矩可以经由该分离离合器导入中间轴14。为了降低转动不均匀性，在这个实施例中，双质量飞轮(ZMS)24布置在内燃机和分离离合器2之间。分离离合器2可以设计成被压合的和被压开的离合器，但特别有意义的是使用被压开的离合器，因为这个离合器引起了较小的操纵力。
中间轴14不仅与分离离合器2连接，而且也与电动机/电动机3的转子17连接以及与双离合器(主离合器)连接。在此特别有意义的是，电动机/电动机3的转子17和双离合器刚性地与中间轴14连接，因此不仅可以在部件之间传递转矩，而且转子17与双离合器也可以在中间轴14上支承、定心和支撑。由此能够将分离离合器2的离合器盘22、中间轴14、电动机3的转子17和双离合器支撑在共同的轴承基部上。这相比其它的设计方案明显减少了轴承部位的数量以及由此造成了一种紧凑和成本低廉的混合动力模块1。
为了可以将这个中央的轴承部位12设计得足够结实耐用以及正好足以支承转子17，推荐一种宽轴承基部，例如带有固定轴承/浮动轴承组合，或者推荐两个张紧的角接触球轴承13。宽轴承基部以及与形式为离合器壳体41(图3)或混合动力模块壳体的与车架固定的壳体的结实的连接，在本实施例中通过支承架7实现，该支承架从在中间轴14处的轴承部位起径向向外延伸，即在双质量飞轮24和电动机3之间延伸穿过。用于三个离合器，即一个分离离合器2和构造成双离合器的主离合器4的两个部分离合器的离合器操纵系统可以整合在支承架7中或者完全或部分地紧固在该支承架处。主离合器4也可以设计成单个的离合器，即设计成单离合器。当操纵系统5和/或6被设计成CSC时，(各个/共同的)CSC壳体为此可以一件式地过渡成支承架或可以在支承架7和CSC之间形成共同的组件。
用于CSC的液压管路同样可以整合在支承架7中或者支承架7可以具有留空部，因此管路能尽可能节省空间地在ZMS24和在一侧上的分离离合器2以及在另一侧上的电动机3之间导引穿过。
径向内置的中间轴14与径向布置在外部的转子17和双离合器经由刚性的、经打孔的、盘形的构件或经由辐条连接。中间轴14、中间轴法兰15例如设计成刚性的、经打孔的、盘形的构件或设计成辐条，并且承载区段16可以设计成一件式或多件式。
接片形的压力罐延长部36或与双离合器的压力罐27配合作用的能轴向移动的销钉或接片，穿过这些分布在圆周上的孔或辐条间隙地伸出。由此可以将竖立的离合器操纵系统的力从操纵轴承11传递到混合动力模块1的转动的系统，以及然后通过作用传递给双离合器。
因此可以在行驶状态“用内燃机行驶”和“用电动机行驶”之间来回切换并且可以将这两个行驶状态结合起来。针对“用内燃机行驶”，在闭合的分离离合器2的情况下，马达转矩被传递给中间轴14并且从那里通过双离合器导入到靠内的或靠外的传动设施输入轴32或33中。因为电动机3在用内燃机行驶时始终随之转动，这个电动机必要时也作为发电机同时运行或者对内燃机进行支持，如在所谓的“推进运行”中。
针对用电动机3的行驶，能简单地设置成，在分离离合器2打开时将内燃机完全与混合动力模块1脱开，因而内燃机可能停止运行。然后(仅)通过电动机3完成对车辆的驱动，电动机驱动双离合器并且通过这个双离合器将转矩传递给靠内的或靠外的传动设施输入轴32或33。
在图2所示的第二实施例中，示出了与图1的实施例原则上类似的结构，但此时在第二实施例中使用了中间板38。由此在主离合器4的区域中能实现所谓的“多盘双离合器”。这一点使得在较小的操纵力和/或较小的直径下能传递高转矩。
当电动机3轴向设计得还要更宽时，这种多盘设计方案也提供了这样的可能性，即，将双离合器在径向构造得如下这样小，使得它至少部分地在径向上可以布置在电动机3下方/之内。
分离离合器2当然也可以完全或部分地在径向上布置在电动机3的下方。支承架7的在此必需的曲柄在图2中示出。在所绘的实施例中，分离离合器2也被设计成了双盘离合器。视应用情形而定，混合动力模块1的所有的离合器2或4都具有多个盘/中间板38。
在图3中示出了第三实施例，它与图1所示的实施例的区别在于，轴承26现在被紧固在中间轴14上并且支撑在中间轴14的凸肩39和止动环40处。即使没有示出，在此当然也能如在图2的实施例中所示那样使用其它的中间板38。
为了(最终)不必通过曲轴支撑分离离合器2的轴向的操纵力，如在实施例1和2中的情形那样，图3示出了支承在中间轴14上的分离离合器2。
在这个实施例中，仅转动振动阻尼器的主侧被紧固在曲轴处。(在副侧上的)阻尼器的法兰经由插塞式齿部与分离离合器2的支承在中间轴14上的尾悬伸板连接。分离离合器2的轴向的操纵力因此可以通过专门的支撑轴承导入到中间轴14中，轴向的操纵力从那里经由中间轴支承部和支承架7导出到离合器壳体41或混合动力系统壳体中。
附图标记列表
1 混合动力模块
2 分离离合器
3 电动机
4 主离合器
5 分离离合器操纵系统
6 主离合器操纵系统
7 支承架
8 移出室
9 分离离合器活塞
10 主离合器活塞
11 操纵轴承
12 共同的轴承部位
13 支承架滚动轴承
14 中间轴
15 中间轴法兰
16 承载区段
17 转子
18 永磁体
19 定子
20 杆元件
21 压紧板
22 离合器盘
23 摩擦衬片
24 双质量飞轮
25 连接部位
26 轴承
27 压力罐
28 窗口
29 离合器罩
30 焊缝
31 尾悬伸板
32 靠内的传动设施输入轴
33 靠外的传动设施输入轴
34 导向轴承
35 凸缘
36 接片形的压力罐延长部
37 CSC
38 中间板
39 凸肩
40 止动环
41 离合器壳体

Claims (10)

1.一种用于机动车辆的用以联接内燃机的混合动力模块(1)，所述混合动力模块带有分离离合器(2)，借助所述分离离合器能将内燃机与机动车辆的传动系分离并且借助所述分离离合器能将转矩从内燃机带到传动系，所述混合动力模块还带有电动机(3)，所述电动机为了传递转矩而能通过主离合器(4)与传动系连接，其中，使用用于引起对分离离合器(2)的操纵的分离离合器操纵系统(5)以及使用用于引起对主离合器(4)的操纵的主离合器操纵系统(6)，其特征在于，两个操纵系统(5、6)布置在分离离合器(2)与主离合器(4)之间。
2.按照权利要求1所述的混合动力模块(1)，其特征在于，所述主离合器(4)构造成单离合器或构造成双离合器。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述的混合动力模块(1)，其特征在于，所述两个操纵系统(5、6)整合在共同的支承架(7)中。
4.按照权利要求1至3任一项所述的混合动力模块(1)，其特征在于，中间轴(14)支承在支承架(7)上，其中，所述中间轴(14)是如下的轴，其在主离合器(4)的一个位置中以如下方式相对于传动设施轴(32、33)以能转动运动的方式受支承，即，没有转矩从电动机(3)和/或内燃机带到传动设施输入轴(32、33)上。
5.按照权利要求1至4任一项所述的混合动力模块(1)，其特征在于，分离离合器操纵系统(5)和/或主离合器操纵系统(6)构造成液压的、静液压的、气动的、电机的或机械的系统。
6.按照权利要求5所述的混合动力模块(1)，其特征在于，所述分离离合器操纵系统(5)和/或所述主离合器操纵系统(6)包括一个或多个CSC(37)。
7.按照权利要求4至6任一项所述的混合动力模块(1)，其特征在于，所述两个操纵系统(5、6)的共同的支承架(7)借助尽可能一个支承架滚动轴承(13)或一个支承架滑动轴承在径向和/或轴向支撑/支承中间轴(14)。
8.按照权利要求4至7任一项所述的混合动力模块(1)，其特征在于，在所述共同的支承架(7)处构造有共同的轴承部位(12)，所述共同的轴承部位以能转动运动的方式支承中间轴(14)、电动机(3)的转子(17)、主离合器(4)和/或分离离合器(2)。
9.按照权利要求1至8任一项所述的混合动力模块(1)，其特征在于，主离合器(4)和/或分离离合器(2)构造成多盘离合器。
10.一种用于机动车辆的驱动装置，所述驱动装置带有内燃机和按照前述权利要求任一项所述的混合动力模块(1)，所述混合动力模块与或者能与包括一个或多个传动设施输入轴(32、33)的传动设施连接。
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