CN108339525A - 一种吸附材料及制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种吸附材料及制备方法和应用,包括如下步骤:(1)配制金属盐溶液;(2)将植物纤维材料在金属盐溶液中浸渍、分散;(3)将有机配体溶于溶剂中配成溶液,然后将有机配体溶液加入到步骤(2)的混合液中,搅拌均匀,所述有机配体至少含有一个多齿型官能团;(4)将步骤(3)的混合物在50~200℃下反应0.1~7天,反应结束后冷却至室温,将反应产物洗涤、干燥后得到所述的吸附材料。本发明制备方法简单,可操作性强,利用制备的吸附材料处理溶液中的重金属离子及染料,吸附效果明显。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及材料制备技术领域,具体涉及一种吸附材料及制备方法。
背景技术
植物纤维材料是自然界最丰富的可再生资源,主要由纤维素、半纤维素和木质素三大成分组成,其中,纤维素组成微细纤维,构成纤维细胞壁的网状骨架,而半纤维素和木素则是填充在纤维之间和微细纤维之间的“粘合剂”和“填充剂”。植物纤维材料具有众多活性官能团,能够通过表面吸附、络合、离子交换等作用吸附污染物质,且其具有来源丰富、成本低廉、可回收、可降解、可再生等的优点,这使得植物纤维材料在污水处理中有良好的应用前景。但是,植物纤维原料具有吸附容量低,废水处理效果差的缺点。因此,为提高其废水处理效果,对植物纤维材料的加工处理十分重要。
金属有机骨架材料(Mental Organic Frameworks,MOFs)是由含氧、氮等的多齿有机连接体(大多为芳香多酸和多碱)与过渡金属离子自我组装而成多维周期性网络结构的晶体材料,一般以金属离子为连接点,有机配体位支撑构成空间三维延伸,是近年来研究较热的新型多孔材料。不同的金属离子或不同氧化状态的同种金属离子,与不同类型的有机配体反应,可生成不同骨架结构。金属有机骨架材料与活性炭、沸石材料相比,有以下优势:比表面积巨大、微孔结构有序,孔尺寸多样,孔表面官能团和表面势能多样等,这使得金属有机骨架材料在吸附和分离领域具有广阔的应用前景。然而,作为一种无机配位材料,金属有机骨架材料具有一定的脆性,在催化、分离等工业过程中容易碎成小颗粒或极细的粉尘,极易堵塞反应器和输运管路。因此,将MOF材料造粒、成膜、做成纤维等塑形十分重要。
本发明提供了一种以植物纤维材料为基底,MOFs在其表面自组装生长来制备吸附材料的方法,以达到改善植物纤维材料对废水的处理效果。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种吸附材料的制备方法,该制备方法使得MOFs在植物纤维材料上自组装生长制备吸附材料,将得到的产物处理废水。
本发明的目的通过如下技术方案实现。
一种吸附材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)配制金属盐溶液;
(2)将植物纤维材料在金属盐溶液中浸渍、分散;
(3)将有机配体溶于溶剂中配成溶液,然后将有机配体溶液加入到步骤(2)的混合液中,搅拌均匀,所述有机配体至少含有一个多齿型官能团;
(4)将步骤(3)的混合物在50~200℃下反应0.1~7天(MOFs在植物纤维原料上的生长),反应结束后冷却至室温,将反应产物洗涤、干燥后得到所述的吸附材料。
优选地,步骤(1)中,所述金属盐溶液,其金属元素为Ag、Zn、Cu、Ni、Pd、Pt、Cd、Co或Cr;金属盐的溶剂为水、甲醇、乙醇和二甲基酰胺中的一种或两种以上的混合。
优选地,步骤(3)中,所述多齿型官能团为COOH、CS2H、NO2、SO3H或PO3H;所述有机配体的溶剂为水、甲醇、乙醇和二甲基酰胺中的一种或两种以上的混合。
优选地,步骤(2)中,所述有机配体为对苯二甲酸、均苯三甲酸或2-甲基咪唑。
优选地,所述金属盐用量为0.001~0.05mol/g植物纤维材料,有机配体与金属盐的摩尔比为1:1~8:1。
优选地,步骤(3)中,所述植物纤维材料为木片、竹片、植物纤维粉料、秸秆、纸浆、韧皮纤维或叶纤维,混合的时间为0.1~48h。
优选地,步骤(4)中,所述干燥的温度为30~80℃,干燥的时间为12~36h。
上述方法制得的吸附材料可用于吸附废水中的重金属离子及染料。
优选地,所述重金属离子为铜铬离子、铅离子,所述染料为甲基橙、亚甲基蓝。
本发明具有如下优点和有益效果:
(1)本发明吸附材料制备方法简单,可操作性强。
(2)本发明制备的吸附材料对重金属离子及染料有较好的吸附效果。
附图说明
图1为实施例1中制备的麻浆/ZIF-8吸附材料不同倍率的SEM图(a、b),从图中可知,麻浆纤维上负载了大量的ZIF-8颗粒。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例及附图对本发明技术方案作进一步地详细的说明,但本发明的保护范围不仅限于此。
实施例1
将1.1g氯化锌溶于100mL甲醇中,随后往其加入1g麻浆,搅拌直至麻浆完全分散;将2-甲基咪唑(5.2g)和甲酸钠(0.5g)完全溶解于60mL甲醇。将这两者混合搅拌20min后,将混合物转移至高压反应釜中。随后,将反应釜放置在120℃的烘箱中反应24h。反应结束后,冷却至室温,用水洗涤数次直至滤液澄清。最后将得到的产物于50℃烘箱干燥24h。将产物用于吸附溶液中的铅离子及甲基橙,铅离子、甲基橙的初始浓度分别为1000mg/L、100mg/L,产物投加量为2g/L,具体吸附数据如下:
表1
实施例2
取1g桉木屑浸泡在50mL的三水硝酸铜(1.93g)水溶液中,搅拌1h;取1.68g的均苯三甲酸完全溶解于50mL乙醇中。将这两者混合搅拌15min后,将混合物转移至高压反应釜中。随后,将反应釜放置在85℃的烘箱中反应24h,反应结束后,冷却至室温,用水洗涤数次直至滤液澄清,将产物浸泡在50mL乙醇中12h。最后将得到的产物于50℃真空干燥箱干燥24h。将得到的产物用于吸附溶液中的金属离子及染料,金属离子及染料的初始浓度分别为1000mg/L、100mg/L,投加量为2g/L,具体吸附数据如下:
表2
以上实施例仅为本发明较优的实施方式,仅用于解释本发明,而非限制本发明及本发明的应用,本领域技术人员在未脱离本发明精神实质下所作的改变、替换、修饰等均应属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种吸附材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)配制金属盐溶液;
(2)将植物纤维材料在金属盐溶液中浸渍、分散;
(3)将有机配体溶于溶剂中配成溶液,然后将有机配体溶液加入到步骤(2)的混合液中,搅拌均匀,所述有机配体至少含有一个多齿型官能团;
(4)将步骤(3)的混合物在50~200℃下反应0.1~7天,反应结束后冷却至室温,将反应产物洗涤、干燥后得到所述的吸附材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述金属盐溶液,其金属元素为Ag、Zn、Cu、Ni、Pd、Pt、Cd、Co或Cr;金属盐的溶剂为水、甲醇、乙醇和二甲基酰胺中的一种或两种以上的混合。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,所述多齿型官能团为COOH、CS2H、NO2、SO3H或PO3H;所述有机配体的溶剂为水、甲醇、乙醇和二甲基酰胺中的一种或两种以上的混合。
4.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述有机配体为对苯二甲酸、均苯三甲酸或2-甲基咪唑。
5.根据权利要求1或2或3或4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述金属盐用量为0.001~0.05mol/g植物纤维材料,有机配体与金属盐的摩尔比为1:1~8:1。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,所述植物纤维材料为木片、竹片、植物纤维粉料、秸秆、纸浆、韧皮纤维或叶纤维,混合的时间为0.1~48h。
7.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中,所述干燥的温度为30~80℃,干燥的时间为12~36h。
8.权利要求1~6任意一项所述方法制得的吸附材料。
9.权利要求8所述吸附材料的应用,其特征在于,该材料用于吸附废水中的重金属离子及染料。
10.根据权利要求9所述应用,其特征在于,其特征在于,所述重金属离子为铜铬离子、铅离子,所述染料为甲基橙、亚甲基蓝。
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CN111430082A (zh) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-17 | 顾氏纳米科技(浙江)有限公司 | 一种银纳米线复合透明导电薄膜的核壳封装制备方法 |
CN111495329A (zh) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-08-07 | 苏州纳创佳环保科技工程有限公司 | 一种基于木质素降解产物合成多孔金属有机框架的方法 |
CN111495329B (zh) * | 2020-04-26 | 2023-04-28 | 苏州铭泽新材料科技有限公司 | 一种基于木质素降解产物合成多孔金属有机框架的方法 |
CN113426441A (zh) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-09-24 | 长春工业大学 | 一种Pt基催化剂的制备方法及其应用 |
WO2023037286A1 (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2023-03-16 | Qingdao University | Method for growing zinc-catecholate frameworks on bio-fibers and their electronic applications |
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