CN108239271A - 聚酯-醚多元醇的生产工艺 - Google Patents

聚酯-醚多元醇的生产工艺 Download PDF

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CN108239271A
CN108239271A CN201611224527.8A CN201611224527A CN108239271A CN 108239271 A CN108239271 A CN 108239271A CN 201611224527 A CN201611224527 A CN 201611224527A CN 108239271 A CN108239271 A CN 108239271A
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polyester
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段燕芳
张�成
王丙龙
肖春红
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Shandong Bluestar Dongda Co Ltd
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    • C08G65/02Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
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    • C08G65/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G65/02Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
    • C08G65/26Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
    • C08G65/2642Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds characterised by the catalyst used
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Abstract

本发明属于化工合成技术领域,具体涉及一种聚酯‑醚多元醇的生产工艺。本发明所述的聚酯‑醚多元醇的生产工艺,采用聚酯多元醇为起始剂,首先使用双金属催化剂催化加成环氧丙烷,然后使用碱性催化剂催化加成环氧丙烷,制得大分子量高聚物,即聚酯‑醚多元醇。本发明制备的聚酯‑醚多元醇兼具聚醚型聚氨酯和聚酯型聚氨酯的结构基团,在应用时兼具聚醚型聚氨酯和聚酯型聚氨酯的优点,应用于聚氨酯鞋底料时,表现出良好的使用性能和力学性能,所述的生产工艺,设计合理、易于实现。

Description

聚酯-醚多元醇的生产工艺
技术领域
本发明属于化工合成技术领域,具体涉及一种聚酯-醚多元醇的生产工艺。
背景技术
聚氨酯是异氰酸酯与羟基化合物反应的产物的总称。而羟基化合物又分为聚醚型和聚酯型,所以由其制备的聚氨酯也分为了聚醚型聚氨酯和聚酯型聚氨酯。
鞋底用聚氨酯原液按所用多元醇的类型也分为聚酯型和聚醚型两大类。聚酯型鞋底的许多性能,如拉伸强度、撕裂强度、耐磨性等方面优于聚醚型鞋底,因此目前市场上主要为聚酯型聚氨酯鞋底。但是聚酯型聚氨酯的缺点是:易水解和生物降解,鞋底容易发生龟裂、断裂。聚醚型聚氨酯鞋底正好克服了聚酯型聚氨酯鞋底的弱点,具有较强的低温性能、耐水解性能和抗霉变性能,但力学性能不如聚酯型聚氨酯。
而且聚酯的耐水解性能较差,与其他原料组分的互溶性没有聚醚多元醇好。而聚醚多元醇在分子结构中的醚键内聚能较低,并易于旋转,故由它制备的聚氨酯材料低温柔顺性能好,耐水解性能优良,原料体系粘度低,易与异氰酸酯、助剂等组分互溶,加工性能优良,但力学性能不如聚酯型聚氨酯。
如何制备出兼具聚醚型聚氨酯和聚酯型聚氨酯优点的材料,成为亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明的目的是提供一种聚酯-醚多元醇的生产工艺,设计合理、易于实现,制得的聚酯-醚多元醇兼具聚醚型聚氨酯和聚酯型聚氨酯的结构基团,在应用时兼具聚醚型聚氨酯和聚酯型聚氨酯的优点,应用于聚氨酯鞋底料时,表现出良好的使用性能和力学性能。
本发明所述的聚酯-醚多元醇的生产工艺,采用聚酯多元醇为起始剂,首先使用双金属催化剂催化加成环氧丙烷,然后使用碱性催化剂催化加成环氧丙烷,制得大分子量高聚物,即聚酯-醚多元醇。
其中:
所述的聚酯多元醇采用二元羧酸、二元酸酐或二元羧酸酯中的一种或几种的混合物与多元醇反应制得,其中,二元羧酸为己二酸、丁二酸、戊二酸、壬二酸、十二碳二酸、1,4-环己烷二甲酸、二聚酸、对苯二甲酸或间苯二甲酸中的一种或几种的混合物,二元酸酐为邻苯二甲酸酐,二元羧酸酯为对苯二甲酸二甲酯,多元醇为乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、新戊二醇、一缩二乙二醇、2-甲基丙二醇、1,6-己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷或季戊四醇中的一种或几种的混合物。
所述的双金属催化剂为双金属氰化物催化剂。优选地,双金属催化剂为DMC催化剂,即双金属氰化络合物催化剂,通式为Mn[M′(CN)6]m·A。式中,M选自Zn(Ⅱ)、Fe(Ⅱ)、Fe(Ⅲ)、Co(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)、Al(Ⅲ)、Sr(Ⅱ)、Mn(Ⅱ)、Cr(Ⅲ)、Cu(Ⅱ)、Sn(Ⅱ)、Pb(Ⅱ)、Mo(Ⅳ)、Mo(Ⅵ)、W(Ⅳ)和W(Ⅵ)等,优选Zn(Ⅱ)、Fe(Ⅱ);M′选自Fe(Ⅲ)、Co(Ⅲ)、Ir(Ⅲ)、Fe(Ⅱ)、Co(Ⅱ)、Cr(Ⅲ)、Cr(Ⅱ)、Mn(Ⅲ)、Mn(Ⅱ)、V(Ⅳ)、V(Ⅴ)、Ru(Ⅱ)和Rh(Ⅲ)等,优选Fe(Ⅲ)、Co(Ⅲ)、Ir(Ⅲ)等;m、n为M、M′的化合价,A为配位体。
所述的双金属催化剂的浓度是聚酯多元醇和环氧丙烷之和的1ppm~300ppm,优选10ppm~100ppm。
所述的碱性催化剂为氢氧化钠﹑氢氧化钾﹑碳酸钠﹑碳酸氢钠﹑甲醇钠或乙醇钠中的一种或几种的混合物。
所述的碱性催化剂的用量为聚酯多元醇、环氧丙烷和环氧乙烷总质量的0.01%~3%,优选为聚酯多元醇、环氧丙烷和环氧乙烷总质量0.1%~0.5%。
所述的环氧丙烷的用量为聚酯多元醇质量的1倍~20倍,优选为聚酯多元醇质量的3倍~10倍。
所述的环氧乙烷的用量为聚酯多元醇质量的1倍~20倍,优选为聚酯多元醇质量的3倍~10倍。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果如下:
1、本发明制备的聚酯-醚多元醇兼具聚醚型聚氨酯和聚酯型聚氨酯的结构基团,在应用时兼具聚醚型聚氨酯和聚酯型聚氨酯的优点,应用于聚氨酯鞋底料时,表现出良好的使用性能和力学性能。
2、本发明所述的生产工艺,设计合理、易于实现。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步阐述。
实施例1
(1)向反应釜中加入EG/AA(乙二醇/己二酸)型聚酯多元醇342g(羟值为87mgKOH/g),加入DMC催化剂150ppm,温度≤60℃,开动搅拌,氮气置换,抽真空,脱水;PO引发反应,温度140±10℃;PO进料,共计1835g;内压反应,温度130±5℃,反应时间15min;脱单体,降温。
(2)在温度≤50℃的条件下加入KOH催化剂7.3g,升温到105℃,减压脱水1小时;脱水结束后,开始EO预进料;EO进料,温度控制在115℃,共计2845g;然后内压反应1小时,温度115℃;之后降温脱单体,精制,后处理,制得产品。
制得的大分子量高聚物的羟值为10.6mgKOH/g,粘度为4370mPa·s/25℃。
实施例2
(1)向反应釜中加入EG/BG/AA(乙二醇/1,4-丁二醇/己二酸)型聚酯多元醇293g(羟值为175mgKOH/g),加入DMC催化剂30ppm,温度≤60℃,开动搅拌,氮气置换,抽真空,脱水;PO引发反应,温度140±10℃;PO进料,共计5185g;内压反应,温度130±5℃,反应时间20min;脱单体,降温。
(2)在温度≤50℃的条件下加入KOH催化剂8.9g,升温到105℃,减压脱水1.5小时;脱水结束后,开始EO预进料;EO进料,温度控制在115℃,共计468g;然后内压反应1小时,温度115℃;之后降温脱单体,精制,后处理,制得产品。
制得的大分子量高聚物的羟值为23.05mgKOH/g,粘度为5900mPa·s/25℃。
实施例3
(1)向反应釜中加入DEG/PA(一缩二乙二醇/邻苯二甲酸酐)型聚酯多元醇215g(羟值为200mgKOH/g),加入DMC催化剂26ppm,温度≤60℃,开动搅拌,氮气置换,抽真空,脱水;PO引发反应,温度140±10℃;PO进料,共计2380g;内压反应,温度130±5℃,反应时间15min;脱单体,降温。
(2)在温度≤50℃的条件下加入KOH催化剂6.2g,升温到105℃,减压脱水1小时;脱水结束后,开始EO预进料;EO进料,温度控制在115℃,共计1030g;然后内压反应1小时,温度115℃;之后降温脱单体,精制,后处理,制得产品。
制得的大分子量高聚物的羟值为28.38mgKOH/g,粘度为4770mPa·s/25℃。
实施例4
(1)向反应釜中加入EG/NPG/SA/IPA(乙二醇/新戊二醇/癸二酸/间苯二甲酸)型聚酯多元醇358g(羟值为56mgKOH/g),加入DMC催化剂395ppm,温度≤60℃,开动搅拌,氮气置换,抽真空,脱水;PO引发反应,温度140±10℃;PO进料,共计1038g;内压反应,温度130±5℃,反应时间20min;脱单体,降温。
(2)在温度≤50℃的条件下加入KOH催化剂10.8g,升温到105℃,减压脱水2小时;脱水结束后,开始EO预进料;EO进料,温度控制在115℃,共计5842g;然后内压反应1小时,温度115℃;之后降温脱单体,精制,后处理,制得产品。
制得的大分子量高聚物的羟值为10.36mgKOH/g,粘度为7865mPa·s/25℃。

Claims (10)

1.一种聚酯-醚多元醇的生产工艺,其特征在于:采用聚酯多元醇为起始剂,首先使用双金属催化剂催化加成环氧丙烷,然后使用碱性催化剂催化加成环氧丙烷,制得大分子量高聚物,即聚酯-醚多元醇。
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚酯-醚多元醇的生产工艺,其特征在于:聚酯多元醇采用二元羧酸、二元酸酐或二元羧酸酯中的一种或几种的混合物与多元醇反应制得,其中,二元羧酸为己二酸、丁二酸、戊二酸、壬二酸、十二碳二酸、1,4-环己烷二甲酸、二聚酸、对苯二甲酸或间苯二甲酸中的一种或几种的混合物,二元酸酐为邻苯二甲酸酐,二元羧酸酯为对苯二甲酸二甲酯,多元醇为乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、新戊二醇、一缩二乙二醇、2-甲基丙二醇、1,6-己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷或季戊四醇中的一种或几种的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的聚酯-醚多元醇的生产工艺,其特征在于:双金属催化剂为双金属氰化物催化剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的聚酯-醚多元醇的生产工艺,其特征在于:双金属催化剂为DMC催化剂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的聚酯-醚多元醇的生产工艺,其特征在于:双金属催化剂的浓度是聚酯多元醇和环氧丙烷之和的1ppm~300ppm。
6.根据权利要求5所述的聚酯-醚多元醇的生产工艺,其特征在于:双金属催化剂的浓度是聚酯多元醇和环氧丙烷之和的10ppm~100ppm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的聚酯-醚多元醇的生产工艺,其特征在于:碱性催化剂为氢氧化钠﹑氢氧化钾﹑碳酸钠﹑碳酸氢钠﹑甲醇钠或乙醇钠中的一种或几种的混合物。
8.根据权利要求1所述的聚酯-醚多元醇的生产工艺,其特征在于:碱性催化剂的用量为聚酯多元醇、环氧丙烷和环氧乙烷总质量的0.01%~3%。
9.根据权利要求1所述的聚酯-醚多元醇的生产工艺,其特征在于:环氧丙烷的用量为聚酯多元醇质量的1倍~20倍。
10.根据权利要求1所述的聚酯-醚多元醇的生产工艺,其特征在于:环氧乙烷的用量为聚酯多元醇质量的1倍~20倍。
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